CN106751555B - 阻燃复合材料 - Google Patents

阻燃复合材料 Download PDF

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CN106751555B
CN106751555B CN201610990695.1A CN201610990695A CN106751555B CN 106751555 B CN106751555 B CN 106751555B CN 201610990695 A CN201610990695 A CN 201610990695A CN 106751555 B CN106751555 B CN 106751555B
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flame retardant
composite material
fibre
fiber
fire
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CN106751555A (zh
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桂永林
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Anhui Xin Dun Fire-Fighting Equipment Co Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00—Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02—Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L47/00—Compositions of homopolymers or copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, at least one having two or more carbon-to-carbon double bonds; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00—Properties
    • C08L2201/02—Flame or fire retardant/resistant
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/02—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing two or more polymers of the same C08L -group
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/03—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend
    • C08L2205/035—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing three or more polymers in a blend containing four or more polymers in a blend
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2205/00—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features
    • C08L2205/14—Polymer mixtures characterised by other features containing polymeric additives characterised by shape
    • C08L2205/16—Fibres; Fibrils

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种阻燃复合材料，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯25~35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2~18%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物10~30%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑5~13%，三聚氰胺纤维3~8%，酚醛纤维6~10%，腈氯纶5~10%，预氧丝5~10%，碳化硅纤维6~10%。阻燃的同时确保材料的环保性，耐老化、耐水性优良，且具有良好的力学和热学性能。

Description

阻燃复合材料
技术领域
本发明涉及阻燃材料领域，具体涉及一种阻燃复合材料。
背景技术
复合材料大量地运用于电子产品的外壳或组件中，其优势在于易于成型，而且可以大量生产。为了提高复合材料的抗高温、防火能力，通常会在复合材料中添加阻燃成分。而如何利用适当的阻燃成分添加于复合材料中，以提高复合材料的防火特性则成为了当前的主要研发课题之一。
目前，溴系阻燃材料仍然是最主要的阻燃材料产品之一，溴系阻燃材料有70多个品种，由于溴系阻燃材料具有阻燃效率高、用量少、对材料性能影响小、应用领域广泛、价格适中等优点。然而，部分卤系阻燃材料在环保及安全方面的问题日益显现。例如试验发现多溴二苯醚(PBDPO)及以其阻燃的材料在热裂解和燃烧时会生成有毒致癌物质多溴代二苯并二噁英(PBDD)和多溴代二苯并呋喃(PBDF)，并且，部分溴系阻燃材料阻燃的高聚物在热裂及燃烧时会生成大量的烟尘及腐蚀性气体，对环境和生物具有危害性。所以，阻燃复合材料设计中在实现阻燃的同时须确保材料的环保型。
发明内容
本发明目的是提供一种阻燃复合材料，阻燃的同时确保材料的环保性，耐老化、耐水性优良，且具有良好的力学和热学性能。
为了实现以上目的，本发明采用的技术方案为：一种阻燃复合材料，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯25~35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2~18%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物10~30%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑5~13%，三聚氰胺纤维3~8%，酚醛纤维6~10%，腈氯纶5~10%，预氧丝5~10%，碳化硅纤维6~10%。
优选的，聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物23%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑6%，三聚氰胺纤维4%，酚醛纤维8%，腈氯纶9%，预氧丝6%，碳化硅纤维7%。
本发明的技术效果在于：多面体倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一类有特色的有机硅阻燃剂，在极低的添加量下可表现出优异的阻燃、力学和热学性能；丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物虽然含溴系卤素，但是其属于环保的高分子聚合物阻燃剂，其分子量较大，这种大分子量不容易生物累积，对健康环保有利，而且，高分子聚合物阻燃剂在阻燃复合材料中，不会迁移析出，不会水解降解，耐老化耐水性能好；聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑、三聚氰胺纤维、酚醛纤维、腈氯纶、预氧丝、碳化硅纤维为无卤本质阻燃高分子材料，阻燃和环保性能好。本实施中所用材料采用前述配比，得到的阻燃复合材料，阻燃能力好的，环保，耐老化、耐水性佳，且具有良好的力学和热学性能。其用于电子产品的外壳，使用时间长久且不会出现变质。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例，对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有做出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本发明保护的范围。
实施例1：
一种阻燃复合材料，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯30%，多面体倍半硅氧烷5%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物20%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑9%，三聚氰胺纤维5%，酚醛纤维8%，腈氯纶7%，预氧丝8%，碳化硅纤维8%。
多面体倍半硅氧烷(POSS)是一类有特色的有机硅阻燃剂，在极低的添加量下可表现出优异的阻燃、力学和热学性能；丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物虽然含溴系卤素，但是其属于环保的高分子聚合物阻燃剂，其分子量较大，这种大分子量不容易生物累积，对健康环保有利，而且，高分子聚合物阻燃剂在阻燃复合材料中，不会迁移析出，不会水解降解，耐老化耐水性能好；聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑、三聚氰胺纤维、酚醛纤维、腈氯纶、预氧丝、碳化硅纤维为无卤本质阻燃高分子材料，阻燃和环保性能好。本实施中所用材料采用前述配比，得到的阻燃复合材料，阻燃能力好的，环保，耐老化、耐水性佳，且具有良好的力学和热学性能。其用于电子产品的外壳，使用时间长久且不会出现变质。
实施例2：一种阻燃复合材料，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物23%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑6%，三聚氰胺纤维4%，酚醛纤维8%，腈氯纶9%，预氧丝6%，碳化硅纤维7%。
本实施例中多面体倍半硅氧烷的含量降至2%，其他材料采用前述配比，得到的阻燃复合材料阻燃、力学和热学性能仍然优良，其用于电子产品的外壳，使用时间长久且不会出现变质。
实施例3：一种阻燃复合材料，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯30%，多面体倍半硅氧烷4%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物30%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑6%，三聚氰胺纤维6%，酚醛纤维6%，腈氯纶6%，预氧丝6%，碳化硅纤维6%。
本实施例中得到的阻燃复合材料，阻燃能力好的，环保，耐老化、耐水性佳，且具有良好的力学和热学性能。其用于电子产品的外壳，使用时间长久且不会出现变质。
对于本领域技术人员而言，显然本发明不限于上述示范性实施例的细节，而且在不背离本发明的精神或基本特征的情况下，能够以其他的具体形式实现本发明。

Claims (2)

1.一种阻燃复合材料，其特征在于，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯25~35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2~18%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物10~30%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑5~13%，三聚氰胺纤维3~8%，酚醛纤维6~10%，腈氯纶5~10%，预氧丝5~10%，碳化硅纤维6~10%。
2.根据权利要求1所述的阻燃复合材料，其特征在于，按照重量百分比的原料包括：聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯35%，多面体倍半硅氧烷2%，丁二烯苯乙烯溴化共聚物23%，聚对苯撑苯并双噁唑6%，三聚氰胺纤维4%，酚醛纤维8%，腈氯纶9%，预氧丝6%，碳化硅纤维7%。
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