CN106747313A - 一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖 - Google Patents
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖 Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052788 barium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N barium atom Chemical compound [Ba] DSAJWYNOEDNPEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O KZHJGOXRZJKJNY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052863 mullite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N trimagnesium;diborate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] NFMWFGXCDDYTEG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010445 mica Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052618 mica group Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 24
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 16
- ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N N,N-Dimethylformamide Chemical compound CN(C)C=O ZMXDDKWLCZADIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 10
- RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N succinic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1CCC(=O)O1 RINCXYDBBGOEEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N beta-cyclodextrin Chemical compound OC[C@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]1O)O)O[C@H]2O[C@@H]([C@@H](O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O[C@H]3O[C@H](CO)[C@H]([C@@H]([C@H]3O)O)O3)[C@H](O)[C@H]2O)CO)O[C@@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]3O[C@@H]1CO WHGYBXFWUBPSRW-FOUAGVGXSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N disodium;3,7-dioxido-2,4,6,8,9-pentaoxa-1,3,5,7-tetraborabicyclo[3.3.1]nonane Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].O1B([O-])OB2OB([O-])OB1O2 UQGFMSUEHSUPRD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001353 Dextrin Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004375 Dextrin Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019425 dextrin Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 150000003233 pyrroles Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- FYSNRPHRLRVCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N dodecasodium;tetraborate Chemical class [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] FYSNRPHRLRVCSW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 241000272165 Charadriidae Species 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003292 glue Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料50‑80份,黄土复合物20‑50份,混凝土5‑15份,粉煤灰5‑15份,铁尾矿2‑8份,玄武岩5‑13份,碳化硅晶须4‑16份,硼酸镁晶须5‑15份,玻璃纤维2‑8份,重晶砂4‑10份,碳纳米管2‑10份,钡渣4‑13份,珍珠岩2‑7份,莫来石1‑6份,油页岩2‑8份,云母粉4‑12份,石英砂2‑8份,减水剂1‑2份,胶黏剂1‑3份。本发明不仅成本低,且透水性好,经济环保。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及渗水砖技术领域,尤其涉及一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖。
背景技术
目前,随着社会的进步和经济的发展,在消耗了大量资源的同时,也造成了严重的污染。内蒙古是煤炭基地,同时又是一个发电基地,虽然创造了很大的经济效益,但也造成了很多环境问题。煤矸石是煤炭开采和洗选加工过程中产生的固体废弃物,排放量约占煤矿原煤产量的8-10%,同时,燃煤电厂排山大量的粉煤灰,仅包头每年排放的粉煤灰就在几百万吨以上,刮大风时,灰尘满天,对环境和居民身体健康产生了严重的影响;近年来鄂尔多斯陶瓷行业的迅猛发展,随之也产生各种陶瓷废料。这些固体废弃物多数堆放在露天,长此以往,既占用了大量上地,又污染了环境,另外随着社会的不断进步,地表越来越多的被建筑物和混凝土等不透水的地面铺装覆盖,这些硬化路面使地表与空气的热量、水分交换很困难,自然调节城市地面温度和湿度的能力显著降低,如何采用陶瓷废料制备透水砖成为目前亟待解决的技术问题。
发明内容
本发明提出了一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,不仅成本低,且透水性好,经济环保。
本发明提出的一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料50-80份,黄土复合物20-50份,混凝土5-15份,粉煤灰5-15份,铁尾矿2-8份,玄武岩5-13份,碳化硅晶须4-16份,硼酸镁晶须5-15份,玻璃纤维2-8份,重晶砂4-10份,碳纳米管2-10份,钡渣4-13份,珍珠岩2-7份,莫来石1-6份,油页岩2-8份,云母粉4-12份,石英砂2-8份,减水剂1-2份,胶黏剂1-3份。
优选地,黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:将β-环糊精、氢氧化钠、吡啶混合搅拌,搅拌速度为600-800r/min,加入琥珀酸酐,在温度60-70℃搅拌,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入砂黄土、磷酸水溶液混合搅拌,搅拌速度为200-350r/min,加入四硼酸钠继续搅拌,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
优选地,β-环糊精、氢氧化钠、吡啶的重量比为10-20:2-5:100-200。
优选地,β-环糊精、琥珀酸酐的重量比为10-20:2-6。
优选地,磷酸水溶液浓度为6-8%;砂黄土、磷酸水溶液的重量比为20-50:100-200。
优选地,四硼酸钠、砂黄土的重量比为1-5:20-50。
优选地,黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10-20份β-环糊精、2-5份氢氧化钠、100-200份吡啶混合搅拌60-80min,搅拌速度为600-800r/min,加入2-6份琥珀酸酐,在温度60-70℃搅拌5-12min,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入20-50份砂黄土、100-200份浓度为6-8%磷酸水溶液混合搅拌1-2h,搅拌速度为200-350r/min,加入1-5份四硼酸钠继续搅拌60-80min,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
优选地,所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料65-72份,黄土复合物40-42份,混凝土10-13份,粉煤灰8-12份,铁尾矿4-6份,玄武岩8-10份,碳化硅晶须6-8份,硼酸镁晶须11-13份,玻璃纤维4-5份,重晶砂7-8份,碳纳米管5-7份,钡渣9-11份,珍珠岩3-4份,莫来石2-4份,油页岩5-6份,云母粉8-10份,石英砂5-7份,减水剂1.2-1.5份,胶黏剂2-2.6份。
本发明的黄土复合物中,β-环糊精分子形状为内疏水,外亲水略呈锥筒状的空腔结构,其含有大量的伯羟基和仲羟基,在一定条件下与琥珀酸酐作用,水溶性极好,可有效促使砂黄土在磷酸水溶液中酸化并破坏砂黄土的粒状架空微结构,与四硼酸钠结合,并通过合理控制各组分间配比,制品在保证抗冲击强度高的前提下,渗水性极好,与陶瓷废料配合不仅成本低,且可实现无害化和资源化的利用;其余砂料在烧结过程中,会在砖块结构中形成具有一定孔隙率的结构,既保证了砖块有一定的机械强度,也使砖块之间形成可以透水的空隙,提高了其渗水性能,与黄土复合物配合其抗压强度可达到26MPa以上,同时渗水系数可达1.61×10-2cm/s以上。
具体实施方式
下面,通过具体实施例对本发明的技术方案进行详细说明。
实施例1
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料50份,黄土复合物50份,混凝土5份,粉煤灰15份,铁尾矿2份,玄武岩13份,碳化硅晶须4份,硼酸镁晶须15份,玻璃纤维2份,重晶砂10份,碳纳米管2份,钡渣13份,珍珠岩2份,莫来石6份,油页岩2份,云母粉12份,石英砂2份,减水剂2份,胶黏剂1份。
实施例2
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料80份,黄土复合物20份,混凝土15份,粉煤灰5份,铁尾矿8份,玄武岩5份,碳化硅晶须16份,硼酸镁晶须5份,玻璃纤维8份,重晶砂4份,碳纳米管10份,钡渣4份,珍珠岩7份,莫来石1份,油页岩8份,云母粉4份,石英砂8份,减水剂1份,胶黏剂3份。
实施例3
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料72份,黄土复合物40份,混凝土13份,粉煤灰8份,铁尾矿6份,玄武岩8份,碳化硅晶须8份,硼酸镁晶须11份,玻璃纤维5份,重晶砂7份,碳纳米管7份,钡渣9份,珍珠岩4份,莫来石2份,油页岩6份,云母粉8份,石英砂7份,减水剂1.2份,胶黏剂2.6份。
黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10份β-环糊精、5份氢氧化钠、100份吡啶混合搅拌80min,搅拌速度为600r/min,加入6份琥珀酸酐,在温度60℃搅拌12min,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入20份砂黄土、200份浓度为6%磷酸水溶液混合搅拌2h,搅拌速度为200r/min,加入5份四硼酸钠继续搅拌60min,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
实施例4
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料65份,黄土复合物42份,混凝土10份,粉煤灰12份,铁尾矿4份,玄武岩10份,碳化硅晶须6份,硼酸镁晶须13份,玻璃纤维4份,重晶砂8份,碳纳米管5份,钡渣11份,珍珠岩3份,莫来石4份,油页岩5份,云母粉10份,石英砂5份,减水剂1.5份,胶黏剂2份。
黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将20份β-环糊精、2份氢氧化钠、200份吡啶混合搅拌60min,搅拌速度为800r/min,加入2份琥珀酸酐,在温度70℃搅拌5min,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入50份砂黄土、100份浓度为8%磷酸水溶液混合搅拌1h,搅拌速度为350r/min,加入1份四硼酸钠继续搅拌80min,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
实施例5
一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料69份,黄土复合物41份,混凝土12份,粉煤灰10份,铁尾矿5份,玄武岩9份,碳化硅晶须7份,硼酸镁晶须12份,玻璃纤维4.5份,重晶砂7.2份,碳纳米管8份,钡渣10份,珍珠岩3.5份,莫来石3份,油页岩5.2份,云母粉9份,石英砂6份,减水剂1.35份,胶黏剂2.3份。
黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将16份β-环糊精、3份氢氧化钠、140份吡啶混合搅拌72min,搅拌速度为720r/min,加入4份琥珀酸酐,在温度66℃搅拌10min,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入35份砂黄土、140份浓度为7%磷酸水溶液混合搅拌1.5h,搅拌速度为320r/min,加入3份四硼酸钠继续搅拌72min,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
以上所述,仅为本发明较佳的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何熟悉本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,根据本发明的技术方案及其发明构思加以等同替换或改变,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (8)
1.一种低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料50-80份,黄土复合物20-50份,混凝土5-15份,粉煤灰5-15份,铁尾矿2-8份,玄武岩5-13份,碳化硅晶须4-16份,硼酸镁晶须5-15份,玻璃纤维2-8份,重晶砂4-10份,碳纳米管2-10份,钡渣4-13份,珍珠岩2-7份,莫来石1-6份,油页岩2-8份,云母粉4-12份,石英砂2-8份,减水剂1-2份,胶黏剂1-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:将β-环糊精、氢氧化钠、吡啶混合搅拌,搅拌速度为600-800r/min,加入琥珀酸酐,在温度60-70℃搅拌,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入砂黄土、磷酸水溶液混合搅拌,搅拌速度为200-350r/min,加入四硼酸钠继续搅拌,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
3.根据权利要求2所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,β-环糊精、氢氧化钠、吡啶的重量比为10-20:2-5:100-200。
4.根据权利要求2所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,β-环糊精、琥珀酸酐的重量比为10-20:2-6。
5.根据权利要求2所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,磷酸水溶液浓度为6-8%;砂黄土、磷酸水溶液的重量比为20-50:100-200。
6.根据权利要求2所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,四硼酸钠、砂黄土的重量比为1-5:20-50。
7.根据权利要求1-6任一项所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,黄土复合物采用如下工艺制备:按重量份将10-20份β-环糊精、2-5份氢氧化钠、100-200份吡啶混合搅拌60-80min,搅拌速度为600-800r/min,加入2-6份琥珀酸酐,在温度60-70℃搅拌5-12min,加入二甲基甲酰胺结晶,干燥,加入20-50份砂黄土、100-200份浓度为6-8%磷酸水溶液混合搅拌1-2h,搅拌速度为200-350r/min,加入1-5份四硼酸钠继续搅拌60-80min,干燥,粉碎,得到黄土复合物。
8.根据权利要求1-7任一项所述的低成本陶瓷渗水砖,其特征在于,其原料按重量份包括:陶瓷废料65-72份,黄土复合物40-42份,混凝土10-13份,粉煤灰8-12份,铁尾矿4-6份,玄武岩8-10份,碳化硅晶须6-8份,硼酸镁晶须11-13份,玻璃纤维4-5份,重晶砂7-8份,碳纳米管5-7份,钡渣9-11份,珍珠岩3-4份,莫来石2-4份,油页岩5-6份,云母粉8-10份,石英砂5-7份,减水剂1.2-1.5份,胶黏剂2-2.6份。
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