CN106736029B - A kind of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire and its welding procedure - Google Patents
A kind of high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire and its welding procedure Download PDFInfo
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- CN106736029B CN106736029B CN201611192751.3A CN201611192751A CN106736029B CN 106736029 B CN106736029 B CN 106736029B CN 201611192751 A CN201611192751 A CN 201611192751A CN 106736029 B CN106736029 B CN 106736029B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 123
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen Substances N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 106
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 74
- 229910000963 austenitic stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 description 3
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004767 nitrides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000006399 behavior Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009628 steelmaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/24—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
- B23K35/30—Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at less than 1550 degrees C
- B23K35/3053—Fe as the principal constituent
- B23K35/308—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent
- B23K35/3086—Fe as the principal constituent with Cr as next major constituent containing Ni or Mn
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/40—Making wire or rods for soldering or welding
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Arc Welding In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to field of material processing more particularly to a kind of austenitic stainless steel welding wires and its welding procedure suitable for high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding.The chemical component of the welding wire indicates by weight percentage are as follows: C:0.01%~0.03%, Si:0.75%~0.90%, Mn:2.0%~6.0%, Cr:18%~22%, Ni:6.0%~9.0%, Mo :≤0.1%, N:0.20%~0.40%, P :≤0.01%, S :≤0.01%, surplus is iron and impurity.The welding procedure of above-mentioned welding wire: it under conditions of heat input is 10~18kJ/cm, is welded using welding, interlayer temperature is less than 100 DEG C.Welding wire of the present invention is suitable for the welding of thick, nitrogen content 0.50%~0.70% the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel of 6~20mm, and weld metal has good obdurability, tensile strength >=870MPa, -40 DEG C of impact absorbing energy >=60J.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of material processing, and particularly relates to an austenitic stainless steel welding wire suitable for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and a welding process thereof.
Background
The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel refers to austenitic stainless steel with nitrogen content more than 0.4 wt%, and is a novel engineering material which is developed vigorously at present. The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel mainly utilizes nitrogen element to partially or even completely replace alloy element nickel to obtain austenitic structure, and the alloying by utilizing nitrogen has a plurality of advantages: (1) compared with carbon, nitrogen is a more effective solid solution strengthening element and can promote grain refinement; (2) nitrogen is a strong austenite forming element, so that the nickel content in the alloy can be reduced, and the ferrite and deformation martensite forming capacity is reduced; (3) although nitrogen does not significantly improve the overall corrosion resistance of the material in acid, the pitting corrosion resistance and crevice corrosion resistance of the material can be greatly improved. Therefore, the high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel has good toughness and corrosion resistance.
The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel has high-nitrogen property, and the problems possibly occur during the fusion welding are as follows: (1) the loss of nitrogen in the welding seam area, namely the formation of nitrogen pores and the escape of nitrogen, reduces the content of solid solution nitrogen in the welding seam, and causes the reduction of the performance of the joint; (2) the precipitation of nitrides, carbides and carbonitrides in the welding seam area and the welding heat affected zone reduces the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance; (3) weld solidification cracking and heat affected zone liquefaction cracking. When the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding joint has the problems, the mechanical property and the corrosion resistance of the joint are reduced along with the problems, and how to select a welding process and a proper welding material to solve the problems relates to the application prospect of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel.
At present, no welding material aiming at high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel exists in the market, the development and selection of the welding material basically have two directions, one is Ni-based alloy, namely, the super-alloyed welding material with high nickel content and containing a large amount of alloy elements such as Cr, Mo and the like is adopted for welding, relatively satisfactory corrosion resistance can be obtained after welding, but the conventional mechanical property is slightly poor, and the formation of a nitrogen hole in a welding line is difficult to control; another type is an austenitic stainless steel welding wire, for example using Cr20Ni10Mn7The toughness of the Mo welding wire is equivalent to that of the base metal, but a large amount of nitrogen holes exist in the welding seam.
Therefore, with the wide application of the high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, the development of welding materials and the selection of welding process become problems to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an austenitic stainless steel welding wire suitable for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and a welding process thereof, and solves the problem of welding of the existing high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, particularly the problem of nitrogen holes.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01% -0.03%, Si: 0.75-0.90%, Mn: 2.0-6.0%, Cr: 18% -22%, Ni: 6.0% -9.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, N: 0.20% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and impurities.
Preferably, the chemical composition of the welding wire is expressed by weight percentage as follows: c: 0.01% -0.02%, Si: 0.80-0.85%, Mn: 3.5% -6.0%, Cr: 19-22%, Ni: 6.0% -8.5%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, N: 0.25% -0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and impurities.
The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is prepared by smelting → rolling → heat treatment → drawing process.
The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is suitable for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 6-20 mm and the nitrogen content of 0.50% -0.70%.
The defect quality of a welding joint welded by the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is not lower than a grade 1 welding line, the tensile strength of the welding line metal is not less than 870MPa, and the impact absorption power at-40 ℃ is not less than 60J.
The invention provides a welding process using the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire, which adopts consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding to carry out welding under the condition that the heat input is 10-18 kJ/cm, and the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃.
The used protective gas is Ar + 2-4% N2And (4) mixing the gases.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the welding wire can be used for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with 0.50-0.70% of nitrogen content, the defect quality of a welding joint is not lower than that of a 1-level welding line, the welding line metal has good toughness, the tensile strength is not less than 870MPa, and the impact absorption energy at-40 ℃ is not less than 60J.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further illustrated with reference to the following examples.
Aiming at the aim, the invention provides an austenitic stainless steel welding wire suitable for high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding, which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01% -0.03%, Si: 0.75-0.90%, Mn: 2.0-6.0%, Cr: 18% -22%, Ni: 6.0% -9.0%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, N: 0.20% -0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and impurities which are usually present in steel making.
Wherein,
n: nitrogen is a strong austenitizing element, which is one of the main reasons for alloying with nitrogen. As the main alloying element nitrogen in the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel, the material has excellent comprehensive performance. The influence of nitrogen on the material performance, the solubility limit of nitrogen, the fusion ratio of base metal during fusion welding, the welding wire welding smelting processing and the welding process performance are comprehensively considered, and the nitrogen content of the welding wire is selected to be 0.20-0.40 wt%.
Cr: chromium is one of the most important alloying elements in the composition of the wire, which gives the alloy the most basic corrosion resistance. Chromium may increase the solubility of nitrogen in the matrix; meanwhile, chromium is also a ferrite forming element and can influence the solidification behavior of the weld joint. The chromium content of the welding wire is selected to be 18-22 wt%.
Ni: in the design of the welding wire, a certain amount of alloy element nickel is added, so that the ferrite content in a solidification state welding seam structure can be controlled; on the other hand, the addition of nickel may be used to improve the toughness of the weld. The nickel content of the welding wire is selected to be 6.0-9.0 wt%.
C element: in order to reduce the reduction of the corrosion resistance of the joint caused by the reduction of the chromium element in the grain boundary caused by the sensitization reaction (the along-grain precipitation of carbide), the carbon content is strictly controlled in the design of the welding wire, and is selected to be 0.1-0.3 wt%.
Mn: manganese is a non-nitride forming element and can improve the solubility of nitrogen in the alloy, so that a proper amount of manganese can be added in the design of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire to achieve the purpose of nitrogen increase, and the manganese content of the welding wire is selected to be 2.0-6.0 wt%.
Mo: the general and local corrosion resistance of the stainless steel is greatly improved, but molybdenum is a strong ferrite forming element, so that the weld joint retains more ferrite, and the low solubility of nitrogen in the ferrite can reduce the nitrogen content in the weld joint and is unfavorable for the strength of the joint. The content of molybdenum in the welding wire is controlled to be not more than 0.1 wt%.
The high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is prepared by smelting → rolling → heat treatment → drawing process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
controlled smelting is carried out according to the chemical component range of the welding wire, the smelted steel ingot is rolled into a wire rod, and then heat treatment and drawing are carried out, so that the welding wire with the size of phi 1.2mm is finally obtained.
The welding wire can be used for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 6-20 mm and the nitrogen content of 0.50-0.70%, the defect quality of a welding joint is not lower than that of a 1-grade welding line, the welding line metal has good toughness, the tensile strength is not less than 870MPa, and the impact absorption energy at-40 ℃ is not less than 60J.
The welding process for welding by using the welding wire comprises the following steps: under the condition that the heat input is 10-18 kJ/cm, adopting consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding to carry out test plate welding, wherein the shielding gas is Ar + 2% -4% N2Mixed gas, the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃.
Example 1
Aiming at the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 14mm, the welding wire is adopted for carrying out consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding, and the chemical components of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and the welding wire are shown in table 1. Welding voltage is 20V, welding current is 180A, welding speed is 20cm/min, heat input is 10.8kJ/cm, and protective gas is Ar + 2.5% N2And the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃. The welded joint has no air holes and cracks, and the tensile strength of the weld metal is 895MPa, and the impact absorption work at-40 ℃ is 95J.
Table 1 example 1 high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and welding wire chemistry (wt%)
Example 2
Aiming at the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 20mm, the welding wire is adopted for carrying out consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding, and the chemical components of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and the welding wire are shown in table 2. Welding voltage 30V, weldingThe welding current is 300A, the welding speed is 30cm/min, the heat input is 18kJ/cm, and the protective gas is Ar +4.0 percent N2And the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃. The defect quality of the welding joint reaches 1 grade, the tensile strength of the welding seam metal is 875MPa, and the impact absorption energy is 102J at minus 40 ℃.
Table 2 example 2 high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and welding wire chemistry (wt%)
Example 3
Aiming at the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 8mm, the welding wire is adopted for carrying out consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding, and the chemical components of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and the welding wire are shown in Table 3. Welding voltage is 20V, welding current is 180A, welding speed is 20cm/min, heat input is 10.8kJ/cm, and protective gas is Ar + 2.5% N2And the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃. The welded joint has no air holes or cracks, and the tensile strength of the weld metal is 910MPa, and the impact absorption work is 61J at minus 40 ℃.
Table 3 example 3 high nitrogen austenitic stainless steel and welding wire chemistry (wt%)
Claims (3)
1. A welding method of a high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is characterized by comprising the following steps: the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01% -0.02%, Si: 0.75-0.90%, Mn: 3.5% -6.0%, Cr: 18% -22%, Ni: 6.0% or more and less than 9.0%, Mo: greater than 0 and equal to or less than 0.1%, N: greater than 0.20% and not more than 0.40%, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and impurities;
the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is suitable for welding high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel with the thickness of 6-20 mm and the nitrogen content of 0.56% -0.70%;
under the condition that the heat input is 10-18 kJ/cm, adopting consumable electrode inert gas shielded welding to carry out welding, wherein the interlayer temperature is less than 100 ℃; the used protective gas is Ar + 2-4% N2Mixing the gas;
the defect quality of the welding joint is not lower than 1-grade welding line, the tensile strength of the welding line metal is not less than 870MPa, and the impact absorption energy at-40 ℃ is not less than 60J.
2. The welding method of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the welding wire comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01% -0.02%, Si: 0.80-0.85%, Mn: 3.5% -6.0%, Cr: 19-22%, Ni: 6.0% -8.5%, Mo: less than or equal to 0.1 percent, N: 0.25% -0.35%, P: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, S: less than or equal to 0.01 percent, and the balance of iron and impurities.
3. The welding method of the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-nitrogen austenitic stainless steel welding wire is prepared by smelting → rolling → heat treatment → drawing process.
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