CN106719843A - Biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat application and the prevention and controls of cotton verticillium wilt - Google Patents
Biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat application and the prevention and controls of cotton verticillium wilt Download PDFInfo
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- CN106719843A CN106719843A CN201611167026.0A CN201611167026A CN106719843A CN 106719843 A CN106719843 A CN 106719843A CN 201611167026 A CN201611167026 A CN 201611167026A CN 106719843 A CN106719843 A CN 106719843A
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- biogas slurry
- verticillium wilt
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- cotton verticillium
- chicken manure
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N63/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi, animals or substances produced by, or obtained from, microorganisms, viruses, microbial fungi or animals, e.g. enzymes or fermentates
- A01N63/10—Animals; Substances produced thereby or obtained therefrom
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
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- Plant Pathology (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
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- Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract
The present invention relates to cotton verticillium wilt prevention and control field, and in particular to biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat application and the prevention and controls of cotton verticillium wilt.The present invention applies biogas slurry by two methods of drip irrigation or spraying, and determines that biogas slurry has significant antagonism to verticillium dahliae.Greenhouse and field experiment result show that biogas slurry has certain preventive and therapeutic effect to cotton verticillium wilt.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cotton verticillium wilt prevention and control field, and in particular to biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat the application of cotton verticillium wilt and prevents
Control method.
Background technology
The verticillium wilt caused by verticillium dahliae is that global heavy cotton wants one of disease.Biogas fermentation is numerous by species
The biochemical reaction process that many microorganisms participate in.The biogas residue and biogas slurry produced after fermentation are that one kind can improve soil texture
With the organic fertilizer of the ecosystem, because the discharge capacity of biogas slurry and biogas residue is more and more, the comprehensive utilization of biogas slurry is at the place of biogas slurry
Also role is more and more important in reason.
Current chicken manure biogas slurry is used for cotton verticillium wilt preventing and treating, and there is not been reported.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are to provide biogas slurry to be used to prevent and treat the application of cotton verticillium wilt.
Providing biogas slurry according to the specific embodiment of the invention is used to prevent and treat the application of cotton verticillium wilt, wherein,
1. the production technology and main component of biogas slurry are:
Chicken manure is put into 38.5 DEG C or so intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentations in fermentation tank, chicken manure fermenting liquid is obtained, then through precipitation, acid
Change, filtering, solid insoluble particles in removal biogas slurry and other be difficult to the macromolecular substances that are absorbed by crops, obtain high power concentration
The chicken manure biogas slurry based on organic molecule nutriment, it is fermented after obtain chicken manure fermenting liquid Main Ingredients and Appearance be:N:1-
2g/L;P2O5:5-10g/L;, K2O:20-40g/L;Organic matter:20-50g/L;Humic acid:5-10g/L;Micro- Te:3-
6g/L, PH are 10.0.
2. preventive and therapeutic effect of the biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt
From greenhouse pot culture result of the test, biogas slurry has certain Biocontrol Effect to cotton verticillium wilt.20d control groups after inoculation
Cotton verticillium wilt disease index is 42.6, and biogas slurry spraying and the minimum disease index of root irrigation group are respectively 10.8 and 12.2,
Show that biogas slurry can reduce the generation of cotton verticillium wilt by spraying and pouring root;Prevention effect to verticillium dahliae reaches respectively
To 74.6% and 71.4%.
Experiment shows that biogas slurry has certain preventive and therapeutic effect to cotton verticillium wilt.After 75L/ha~120L/ha biogas slurries drip irrigation 3 times,
It is 40.9%~41.2% to cotton verticillium wilt prevention effect, is significantly higher than the preventing and treating of the bacillus subtilis of comparison medicament 10,000,000,000
Effect.It is 34.4%~36.3% to cotton verticillium wilt prevention effect, with comparison medicine after 25~50 times of biogas slurry dilution spraying 3 times
The prevention effect of the amino-oligosaccharide of agent 0.5% is suitable.Bacteriostatic test result display biogas slurry has preferably suppression to verticillium dahliae
Make and use.Therefore, the invention provides the application that biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat cotton verticillium wilt, can be by two kinds of sides of drip irrigation or spraying
Method applies chicken manure biogas slurry, and determines that chicken manure biogas slurry has significant antagonism to verticillium dahliae.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 prevents and treats verticillium wilt design sketch for biogas slurry greenhouse.
Fig. 2 is fungistatic effect figure of the growth rate method biogas slurry to verticillium dahliae, wherein, A:Treatment;B:Blank.
Fig. 3 is fungistatic effect figure of the Odontothrips loti biogas slurry to verticillium dahliae, wherein, A:Treatment;B:Blank.
Fig. 4 is the antibacterial effect that growth rate method determines biogas slurry volatile materials and nonvolatile confrontation verticillium dahliae
Fruit is schemed, wherein, A:Volatile materials;B:Blank;C:Nonvolatile matter;D:Blank.
Specific embodiment
The production of the biogas slurry of embodiment 1
Chicken manure is put into 38.5 DEG C or so anaerobic fermentations of middle temperature in fermentation tank, chicken manure fermenting liquid is obtained, then filtered through precipitation,
The tiny gravel in part, insoluble impurity in removal biogas slurry;Acidified hydrolysis, decomposes the macromolecular in former biogas slurry;Then pass through inorganic
The milipore filter of ceramic membrane carries out filtering and impurity removing, then sequentially passes through NF membrane, reverse osmosis membrane and carry out retention concentration, in removal biogas slurry
Solid insoluble particles and other be difficult to the macromolecular substances that are absorbed by crops, obtain high power concentration with organic molecule nutrients
Chicken manure biogas slurry based on matter.Ferment obtain chicken manure fermenting liquid Main Ingredients and Appearance be:N:1-2g/L, P2O5:5-10g/L, K2O:20-
40g/L, organic matter:20-50g/L, humic acid:5-10g/L, micro- Te:3-6g/L, PH are 10.0.
The control action of biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt under the conditions of greenhouse of embodiment 2
Vermiculite and sand after sterilizing is pressed 6:4 mixing, do the bottomless paper pot of diameter 6cm, place the modeling of 22cm × 16cm
In charging tray.21 are ground as experimental cultivar with disease tolerant variety Shandong cotton, and every 8, alms bowl sowing cotton seed stays 5 plants of seedling after emerging, often process
24 alms bowls, every 6 alms bowls are a repetition, 4 repetitions, random alignment.After sowing cotton seed, during vinyl disc put into greenhouse, cotton seedling is treated
During rough leaf dew point, with biogas slurry pouring root or spraying treatment, medium inclined High pathogenicity verticillium wilt bacterial strain Vd080 spores are inoculated with after 4d
Sub- suspension 10mL, spore concentration is 1 × 107Individual spore/ml.Inoculation method is that 10mL spore suspensions are poured into diameter
In the culture dish of 10cm, paper pot is taken out from vinyl disc and is placed on 40s in culture dish, after spore suspension is blotted, will
Paper pot is put back in vinyl disc.Biogas slurry pouring root or spraying treatment cotton seedling are used after 3d again.Temperature control in greenhouse is inoculated with 18 DEG C -28 DEG C
The classification for carrying out disease by 5 grades of grade scales after Vd080 20d is investigated, and calculates diseased plant rate, disease index and prevention effect.
Inhibitory action of the chicken manure biogas slurry to verticillium dahliae under the conditions of the greenhouse of table 1
Table 1 shows that biogas slurry, to the inhibitory action of verticillium dahliae, as shown in table 1, implements knot under the conditions of greenhouse
Fruit shows that under the conditions of greenhouse biogas slurry pouring root or spraying have preferable control action to cotton verticillium wilt, when chicken manure natural pond
When liquid consumption reaches 160L/ha pouring roots or 50 times of sprayings, the prevention effect to cotton verticillium wilt reaches more than 60.0%.Fig. 1 is
Biogas slurry greenhouse prevents and treats verticillium wilt design sketch, as shown in figure 1, when using 400L/ha biogas slurry root irrigations, to cotton verticillium wilt
Prevention effect reaches 74.6%;During using 25 times of biogas slurry spraying treatments, the prevention effect to cotton verticillium wilt reaches 71.4%.
Embodiment 3:Control action of the biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt under field condition
Drip irrigation experiment is carried out in cotton verticillium wilt sick nursery, and phase beginning, continuous drip irrigation occur in the cotton verticillium wilt of May 30
3 times, it is spaced 10 days.4 dispensers dosage 45L/ha, 75L/ha, 120L/ha and 150L/ha are set, with 10,000,000,000 bacillus subtilis
Bacterium 15Kg/ha drip irrigations are control, often process 4 repetitions, often repeatedly 4 row area, the ㎡ of plot area 20.0.Before 1st drip irrigation and most
Afterwards 10 days after a drip irrigation, incidence is investigated according to national standard, calculate disease index and protection effect.The meter of prevention effect
Calculate formula as follows:
Prevention effect of the chicken manure biogas slurry drip irrigation of table 2 to cotton verticillium wilt disease
Table 2 shows prevention effect of the biogas slurry drip irrigation to cotton verticillium wilt disease, and as shown in table 2, result of implementation shows, biogas slurry
Cotton verticillium wilt can be effectively prevented and treated, when dispenser dosage is 75L/ha~120L/ha, prevention effect is 40.9%~41.2%,
It is significantly higher than the prevention effect of 10,000,000,000 bacillus subtilises.
Spray testing is carried out in cotton verticillium wilt grave illness field, and phase beginning, continuous spray occur in the cotton verticillium wilt of May 30
Mist 3 times, is spaced 10 days, and experiment sets 4 treatment, respectively 10 times, 25 times, 50 times and 100 times, with 0.5% amino-oligosaccharide
100 times of sprayings are control, often process 4 repetitions, often repeatedly 4 row area, the ㎡ of plot area 32.0.1st time spraying before and last
10 days after secondary drip irrigation, incidence is investigated according to national standard, calculate disease index and protection effect.
Prevention effect of the chicken manure biogas slurry of table 3 spraying to cotton verticillium wilt disease
Table 3 shows prevention effect of the biogas slurry spraying to cotton verticillium wilt disease, and as shown in table 3, result of implementation shows, biogas slurry
Cotton verticillium wilt can be effectively prevented and treated, when 25~50 times of sprayings are diluted, prevention effect is 34.4%~36.3%, with 0.5% ammonia
The prevention effect of base oligosaccharide is suitable.
Embodiment 4:Growth rate method detects suppression of the biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth
According to the Activities that research of plant disease method is commonly used, the biology for determining cotton verticillium wilt pathogen is living
Property:The eugonic pathogen strain of 5mm colony edges is taken with card punch, is placed on above the PDA plate of dosing, with culture medium
Plus the sterilized water of equivalent is repeated 5 times every time as control, be placed in 25 DEG C it is incubated, determine each bacterium colony with crossing method
Diameter, take its average value as the diameter for representing bacterium colony, with following equation obtain suppression mycelial growth rate:
Suppress mycelial growth rate=(control colony diameter-treatment colony diameter)/(control colony diameter -5) × 100%
Inhibitory action of the chicken manure biogas slurry of table 4 to cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth
Table 4 shows inhibitory action of the biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth, and Fig. 2 is growth rate method chicken manure natural pond
Liquid to the fungistatic effect figure of verticillium dahliae, result of implementation show biogas slurry have to cotton verticillium wilt pathogen mycelial growth compared with
Good inhibitory action, when lettuce reaches 6.0%, bacteriostasis rate reaches 100%.
The Odontothrips loti of embodiment 5 studies suppression of the biogas slurry to cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth
Oxford cup is put into PDA plate center and add 200 μ L biogas slurries, after fully absorbing, the even spread on PDA plate
Verticillium dahliae spore liquid, concentration is 1 × 107Individual/mL, totally 5 repetitions.After 25 DEG C of culture 5d, it is measured with slide measure
Antibacterial circle diameter.
Fig. 3 shows fungistatic effect of the Odontothrips loti biogas slurry to verticillium dahliae, and result of implementation shows that biogas slurry is to cotton
Verticillium wilt pathogen mycelial growth has a good inhibiting effect, and biogas slurry is 23 to verticillium dahliae antibacterial circle diameter ±
2.48mm。
The make-up cultivation of embodiment 6 studies suppression of the biogas slurry volatile materials to cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth
Pour into 20mL PDA culture mediums at the ware bottom of diameter 90mm culture dishes, it is to be solidified after, the heart is inoculated with the Huang of 5 μ l wherein
Wither the bacterium solution of germ Vd080, look into that Liquid Culture 7d;1mL biogas slurries are poured at the ware bottom of another diameter 90mm culture dishes again, so
Above-mentioned inoculation Vd080 culture dishes are tipped upside down on culture dish containing biogas slurry afterwards, is sealed with air-locked preservative film, be put into 25 DEG C of constant temperature
In incubator.It is control with the culture dish for being only inoculated with Vd080, each treatment is repeated 4 times.Observation pathogen and biocontrol microorganisms daily
Upgrowth situation, measures the colony diameter of pathogen using crossing method after make-up culture 14d, calculate the metabolism of biogas slurry volatility and produce
Inhibiting rate of the thing to growth of pathogenic bacteria.
Fig. 4 shows that growth rate method determines the suppression of biogas slurry volatile materials and nonvolatile confrontation verticillium dahliae
Bacterium effect, result of implementation shows that there is biogas slurry volatile materials preferably suppression to make to cotton verticillium wilt pathogen mycelial growth
With, it is 100% to verticillium dahliae bacteriostasis rate, infer that the material is the NH that can be produced during chicken manure fermenting3、H2S and activity
Small-molecule substance.
The growth rate method of embodiment 7 studies the suppression of biogas slurry nonvolatile confrontation cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth
Biogas slurry is poured into beaker, is placed in 37 DEG C of insulating boxs and is placed 1 month, stirred 1 time every 2 days, then by residue
Liquid, according to the Activities that research of plant disease method is recommended, bioactivity has been carried out to cotton verticillium wilt pathogen
Determine, method is with reference to example 4.
Suppress mycelial growth rate=(control colony diameter-treatment colony diameter)/(control colony diameter -5) × 100%
The inhibitory action of the biogas slurry nonvolatile confrontation cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth of table 5
Table 5 shows the inhibitory action of biogas slurry nonvolatile confrontation cotton verticillium wilt cause of disease mycelial growth, result of implementation
Show, biogas slurry nonvolatile confrontation cotton verticillium wilt pathogen mycelial growth is almost without inhibitory action (Fig. 4).
Claims (9)
1. biogas slurry is used to prevent and treat the application of cotton verticillium wilt.
2. application according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the biogas slurry is that chicken manure is put into fermentation tank, through middle temperature
Anaerobic fermentation and obtain.
3. application according to claim 2, it is characterised in that chicken manure is put into fermentation tank, in 38.5 DEG C of warm anaerobism hairs
Ferment, obtains chicken manure fermenting liquid, then through precipitation, acidifying, filtering, removes the solid insoluble particles in biogas slurry and other are difficult to by crop
The macromolecular substances of absorption, obtain the chicken manure biogas slurry of concentration.
4. application according to claim 3, it is characterised in that drip irrigation 75L/ha~120L/ha concentration biogas slurries, or, spray
Mist applies the concentration biogas slurry of 25~50 times of dilution.
5. it is a kind of prevent and treat cotton verticillium wilt method, it is characterised in that methods described include to cotton seedling apply biogas slurry the step of.
6. it is according to claim 5 preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt method, it is characterised in that the biogas slurry is to be put into chicken manure
In fermentation tank, obtained through intermediate temperature anaerobic fermentation.
7. it is according to claim 5 preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt method, it is characterised in that chicken manure is put into fermentation tank,
In 38.5 DEG C of warm anaerobic fermentations, chicken manure fermenting liquid is obtained, then through precipitation, acidifying, filtering, the solid insoluble particles in removal biogas slurry
The macromolecular substances that are absorbed by crops are difficult to other, the biogas slurry of concentration is obtained.
8. it is according to claim 7 preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt method, it is characterised in that to cotton seedling drip irrigation 75L/ha~
120L/ha concentrates biogas slurry, or, the concentration biogas slurry of 25~50 times of dilution is sprayed to cotton seedling.
9. it is according to claim 8 preventing and treating cotton verticillium wilt method, it is characterised in that to three biogas slurries of cotton seedling drip irrigation,
Or, three biogas slurries are sprayed to cotton seedling.
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Cited By (2)
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CN109722391A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton endogenetic fungus CEF-559 microbial inoculum and its preparation method and application |
CN109716974A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-05-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Verticillium wilt control method for cotton verticillium wilt grave illness field |
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Cited By (2)
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CN109716974A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-05-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Verticillium wilt control method for cotton verticillium wilt grave illness field |
CN109722391A (en) * | 2018-12-12 | 2019-05-07 | 中国农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton endogenetic fungus CEF-559 microbial inoculum and its preparation method and application |
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Application publication date: 20170531 |