CN106712892A - Code multiple-access method and device - Google Patents
Code multiple-access method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN106712892A CN106712892A CN201510432295.4A CN201510432295A CN106712892A CN 106712892 A CN106712892 A CN 106712892A CN 201510432295 A CN201510432295 A CN 201510432295A CN 106712892 A CN106712892 A CN 106712892A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a code multiple-access method. The method comprises a step of selecting a codebook from a preset codebook set to encode a data stream based on non-orthogonal sparse encoding superposition technology when the data flow sent by user equipment is received, a step of obtaining a resource block corresponding to the user equipment according to the mapping relationship between the user equipment and the resource block in the codebook, and a step of transmitting the encoded data stream by using the resource block. The invention also discloses a code multiple-access device which comprises an encoding unit, a resource block obtaining unit and a transmission unit. According to the method and the device, the access capacity of a system can be increased exponentially, at the same time the multidimensional modulation and spread spectrum technology is used, and the link quality of a single user can be increased greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wireless communication technology field, and in particular to one kind coding multiple access method
And device.
Background technology
Machine and machine communication (Machine to Machine, M2M) or machine type communication
(Machine Type Communication, MTC) is people and people's communication (Human to
Human, H2H) a kind of communication mode, refer to a kind of communication not under the interference of people.
The range of application of this communication widely, such as intelligent electric meter, vehicle tracking, automatic vending machine,
Security monitoring etc..Efficiently support that MTC communication is considered as the crucial requirement of following 5G communications.
In 5G wireless telecommunication systems, the H2M numbers of the remote ultra-traditional of MTC numbers, and
The MTC service typically characteristic with small data business, so as to what is used to current 4G systems
The multiple access technique of FDMA forms stern challenge.The letter of FDMA multiple access techniques
Make flow excessively complicated, the small data packets business to support magnanimity MTC terminal, in frequency spectrum money
In the case that source day is becoming tight, then insurmountable contradiction can be formed：On the one hand need to support sea
Amount user accesses, then mean that signaling procedure needs to occupy the frequency spectrum resource of greater proportion, causes
The availability of frequency spectrum is further reduced；On the other hand, the data of mass users need transmission, it is necessary to
Improve the utilization rate of existing frequency spectrum resource.
The content of the invention
Signaling process for FDMA multiple access techniques in the prior art is excessively complicated, frequency spectrum
Resource utilization reduction and the increased defect of user data traffic, compile the invention provides one kind
Code multiple access method and device.
In a first aspect, the invention provides one kind coding multiple access method, the method includes：
When receiving the data flow of user equipment transmission, based on nonopiate sparse coding superimposing technique,
A code book is selected to encode the data flow from default codebook set；
According to user equipment in the code book and the mapping relations of Resource Block, obtain and the user
The corresponding Resource Block of equipment；
Using the Resource Block, the data flow after coding is transmitted；
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.
Preferably, before the data flow for receiving user equipment transmission, the method also includes：
Initialize the codebook parameter；
According to default mapping matrix, the mapping relations of each user equipment and Resource Block are determined；
The dimension of complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere is carried out to default origin planisphere
Degree displacement, obtains the constellation point of each user equipment；
According to described each user equipment and the mapping relations and described each user equipment of Resource Block
Constellation point, obtain multiple code books, generate default codebook set.
Preferably, the code book is Sparse Code.
Preferably, the codebook parameter includes：One Sparse Code multiple access SCMA encoder is included
Separate layer or the number J of user equipment, the complex value code of number K, K dimension of Resource Block
The number N of the non-zero element that word x is included, overload factor λ；Wherein, N<K.
Preferably, the default mapping matrix F is：
Wherein, K=5, J=10, N=2, λ=2.
Second aspect, the invention provides one kind coding multiple access access device, the device includes：
Coding unit, for when the data flow of user equipment transmission is received, based on nonopiate
Sparse coding superimposing technique, selects a code book to the data flow from default codebook set
Encoded；
Resource Block acquiring unit, for the mapping according to user equipment in the code book and Resource Block
Relation, obtains Resource Block corresponding with the user equipment；
Transmission unit, for using the Resource Block, is transmitted to the data flow after coding；
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.
Preferably, the device also includes that code book presets unit, is used for：
Initialize the codebook parameter；
According to default each user equipment and the mapping relations of Resource Block, mapping matrix is obtained；
The dimension of complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere is carried out to default origin planisphere
Degree displacement, obtains the constellation point of each user equipment；
According to the mapping matrix and the constellation point of each user equipment, multiple code books are obtained,
Generate default codebook set.
Preferably, the code book is Sparse Code.
Preferably, the codebook parameter includes：One Sparse Code multiple access SCMA encoder is included
Separate layer or the number J of user equipment, the complex value code of number K, K dimension of Resource Block
The number N of the non-zero element that word x is included, overload factor λ；Wherein, N<K.
Preferably, default mapping matrix F is in the default unit of the code book：
Wherein, K=5, J=10, N=2, λ=2.
As shown from the above technical solution, the present invention provides a kind of coding multiple access method and device,
It is combined by by Sparse Code and modulation technique, by modes such as conjugation, displacement and phase places
The optimal codebook set of selection, the code book that different user devices are based on distribution carries out information transfer.
The present invention uses nonopiate sparse coding superimposing technique, then under identical resources supplIes, can
The access capacity of the system that is multiplied, while using multi-dimensional modulation and spread spectrum, single user chain
Road quality is significantly lifted.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to illustrate more clearly about the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described, show and
Easy insight, drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, for this area
For those of ordinary skill, on the premise of not paying creative work, can also be according to these
Figure obtains other accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is that a kind of flow of coding multiple access method that one embodiment of the invention is provided is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 2 is (up) signal of SCMA systems transmitting terminal that another embodiment of the present invention is provided
Figure；
Fig. 3 is the corresponding factor graph of mapping matrix that another embodiment of the present invention is provided；
Fig. 4 is the origin planisphere that another embodiment of the present invention is provided；
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of coding multiple access access device that one embodiment of the invention is provided
Figure.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, to the technical side in the embodiment of the present invention
Case is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only the present invention one
Divide embodiment, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, this area is general
The every other embodiment that logical technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made,
Belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in figure 1, a kind of coding multiple access method provided for one embodiment of the invention
Schematic flow sheet, the method comprises the following steps：
S1：When receiving the data flow of user equipment transmission, based on the superposition of nonopiate sparse coding
Technology, selects a code book to encode the data flow from default codebook set.
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.Specifically, the data flow of user equipment transmission, i.e. two dimension are received
Bit combination, selects plu-ral-dimensional domain code word to encode data stream from default codebook set,
The bit combination that will be input into is mapped to corresponding Sparse Code multiple access (Sparse Code Multiple
Access, abbreviation SCMA) code book certain plu-ral-dimensional domain code word on.
Wherein, the code book is Sparse Code.Then accessed based on Sparse Code multiple access, this method can be with
Under same resources supplIes so that the access capacity of system is doubled.Bit is shaken to orthogonal
Width modulation (Quadrature Amplitude Modulation, abbreviation QAM) mapping process and
Spreading procedure is combined together, and is directly mapped to the bit combination of input corresponding SCMA yards
In this certain multidimensional code word, every layer or each user have exclusive code book.
S2：According to the mapping relations of user equipment in the code book and Resource Block, obtain with it is described
The corresponding Resource Block of user equipment.
S3：Using the Resource Block, the data flow after coding is transmitted.
For example, as shown in Fig. 2 being SCMA systems transmitting terminal (up) schematic diagram,
As figure shows, default codebook set includes 10 code books, each user one code book of correspondence.
Wherein, the quantity of Resource Block is 5, and the data that each user sends flow through SCMA encoders volume
After code, it is transmitted using 2 Resource Block corresponding to code book, is then sent by antenna and compiled
Data flow after code.
The SCMA that the present embodiment is provided is a kind of new multiple access technology based on code domain superposition, it
Low-density code and modulation technique are combined, by modes such as conjugation, displacement and phase places
The optimal codebook set of selection, the code book that different user is based on distribution carries out information transfer.Connecing
Receiving end, is decoded by MPA (Message Passing Algorithm) algorithm.
Due to using nonopiate sparse coding superimposing technique, under same resources supplIes, SCMA
Technology can be multiplied the access capacity of system, meanwhile, using multi-dimensional modulation and spread spectrum,
Single user link-quality will be lifted significantly.The compatible OFDM of SCMA technologies
The hair of (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiple Access, abbreviation OFDMA)
Pattern is sent, based on existing 4G systems, originator numeric field adds coding module, receiving end numeric field
Add MPA detection modules, you can break through the existing orthogonal design ceilings of 4G, effective solution
Certainly frequency spectrum resource is limited and the contradiction between the access of magnanimity MTC terminal
In the present embodiment, before the data flow of user equipment transmission is received in step S1, the party
Method also comprises the following steps：
A01, the initialization codebook parameter；
A02, according to default mapping matrix, determine that each user equipment is closed with the mapping of Resource Block
System；
A03, complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere are carried out to default origin planisphere
Dimension displacement, obtain the constellation point of each user equipment；
A04, mapping relations and described each user according to described each user equipment and Resource Block
The constellation point of equipment, obtains multiple code books, generates default codebook set.
Wherein, the codebook parameter includes：It is separate that one SCMA encoder is included
It is non-that the number J of layer or user equipment, the complex value code word x of number K, K dimension of Resource Block are included
The number N of 0 element, overload factor λ；Wherein, N<K.
For example：
1st, codebook parameter is initialized, as shown in table 1, is initialized J=10, K=5, N=2,
Then λ=J/K=2.λ represents system overburden 200%.
The codebook parameter implication of table 1 and value
| Parameter name | Implication | Value |
| J | The number of the separate layer (or user) that one SCMA encoder is included | 10 |
| K | The number of Resource Block | 5 |
| N | The complex value code word x of K dimensions is a sparse vector, comprising N number of non-zero element, N<K | 2 |
| λ | J layers (or user) is multiplexed on K Resource Block, overload factor λ:=JK | 2 |
| xj | Represent jth layer (or user) node, j=1,2 ..., J | |
| zk | Represent k-th Resource Block node, k=1,2 ..., K |
2nd, based on the codebook parameter after above-mentioned initialization, according to default mapping matrix F, it is determined that
Mapping relations between every layer or each user equipment and Resource Block are as follows：
Then the corresponding factor graph of above-mentioned mapping matrix is as shown in figure 3, as seen from the figure, each user
Equipment two Resource Block of correspondence, such as user equipment x1Correspondence Resource Block z1And z2, user equipment x2It is right
Answer Resource Block z1And z3The data sent Deng, each user equipment are passed by corresponding Resource Block
It is defeated.
Above-mentioned mapping matrix can be understood from two different dimensions, with user node and Resource Block
As a example by node：
(1)x1It is mapped to Resource Block z1(f11=1) and z2(f21=1)；
(2)z1X is carried above1(f11=1), x2(f12=1), x8(f18=1) and x9(f19=1)
Information.
Wherein, fijRepresent the element of the i-th row jth row in mapping matrix F.
3rd, based on QAM technologies, an origin constellation point, i.e. reference constellation point are preset, is such as schemed
Shown in 4.
Need to obtain J different N-dimensional constellation point, the size of each constellation point is M.Every layer
Or the constellation point of each user equipment can be based on above-mentioned origin constellation point, carry out complex conjugate,
The modes such as phase place, the displacement of the dimension of lattice constellation point are obtained.
A kind of coding multiple access method is present embodiments provided, by by Sparse Code and modulation skill
Art is combined, and optimal codebook set is selected by modes such as conjugation, displacement and phase places,
The code book that different user devices are based on distribution carries out information transfer.The present invention is using nonopiate sparse
Coding superimposing technique, then under identical resources supplIes, the access of the system that can be multiplied is held
Amount, while using multi-dimensional modulation and spread spectrum, single user link-quality is significantly lifted.
As shown in figure 5, for one kind that another embodiment of the present invention is provided encodes multiple access access device
Structural representation, the device include coding unit 501, Resource Block acquiring unit 502 and transmission
Unit 503.Wherein：
Coding unit 501, for when the data flow of user equipment transmission is received, based on anon-normal
Sparse coding superimposing technique is handed over, a code book is selected from default codebook set to the data
Stream is encoded；
Resource Block acquiring unit 502, for reflecting according to user equipment in the code book and Resource Block
Relation is penetrated, Resource Block corresponding with the user equipment is obtained；
Transmission unit 503, for using the Resource Block, is transmitted to the data flow after coding.
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.
In the present embodiment, the device also includes that code book presets unit, is used for：
Initialize the codebook parameter；
According to default each user equipment and the mapping relations of Resource Block, mapping matrix is obtained；
The dimension of complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere is carried out to default origin planisphere
Degree displacement, obtains the constellation point of each user equipment；
According to the mapping matrix and the constellation point of each user equipment, multiple code books are obtained,
Generate default codebook set.
In the present embodiment, the code book is Sparse Code.
In the present embodiment, the codebook parameter includes：It is mutual that one SCMA encoder is included
Independent layer or the number J of user equipment, the complex value code word x bags of number K, K dimension of Resource Block
The number N of the non-zero element for containing, overload factor λ；Wherein, N<K.
In the present embodiment, default mapping matrix F is in the default unit of the code book：
Wherein, K=5, J=10, N=2, λ=2.
For device embodiment, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description
It is fairly simple, the relevent part can refer to the partial explaination of embodiments of method.
It should be noted that in all parts of system of the invention, to be realized according to it
Function and logical partitioning has been carried out to part therein, but, the present invention is not only restricted to this, can
To be repartitioned to all parts or be combined as needed, for example, can be by some portions
Part is combined as single part, or some parts can be further broken into more subassemblies.
All parts embodiment of the invention can realize with hardware, or with one or many
The software module run on individual processor is realized, or is realized with combinations thereof.This area
It will be appreciated by the skilled person that microprocessor or digital signal processor can be used in practice
(DSP) come realize some or all parts in system according to embodiments of the present invention some
Or repertoire.The present invention be also implemented as perform method as described herein one
Partly or completely equipment or program of device are (for example, computer program and computer program
Product).It is such to realize that program of the invention be stored on a computer-readable medium, or
There can be the form of one or more signal.Such signal can be from internet website
Download is obtained, or is provided on carrier signal, or is provided in any other form.
It should be noted that above-described embodiment the present invention will be described is carried out rather than to the present invention
Limit, and those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the appended claims may be used
Design alternative embodiment.In the claims, any reference that will should not be located between bracket
Symbol construction is into limitations on claims.Word "comprising" is not excluded the presence of and is not listed in right
It is required that in element or step.Word "a" or "an" before element is not excluded for
In the presence of element as multiple.The present invention can be by means of the hardware for including some different elements
And realized by means of properly programmed computer.If listing the unit right of equipment for drying
It is required that in, several in these devices can be embodied by same hardware branch.
The use of word first, second, and third does not indicate that any order.Can be by these words
It is construed to title.
Embodiment of above is only suitable to illustrate of the invention, and not limitation of the present invention, it is relevant
The those of ordinary skill of technical field, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention,
Can also make a variety of changes and modification, therefore all equivalent technical schemes fall within the present invention
Category, scope of patent protection of the invention should be defined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of to encode multiple access method, it is characterised in that the method includes：
When receiving the data flow of user equipment transmission, based on nonopiate sparse coding superimposing technique,
A code book is selected to encode the data flow from default codebook set；
According to user equipment in the code book and the mapping relations of Resource Block, obtain and the user
The corresponding Resource Block of equipment；
Using the Resource Block, the data flow after coding is transmitted；
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to receive user and set
Before the data flow that preparation is sent, the method also includes：
Initialize the codebook parameter；
According to default mapping matrix, the mapping relations of each user equipment and Resource Block are determined；
The dimension of complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere is carried out to default origin planisphere
Degree displacement, obtains the constellation point of each user equipment；
According to described each user equipment and the mapping relations and described each user equipment of Resource Block
Constellation point, obtain multiple code books, generate default codebook set.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the code book is Sparse Code.
4. method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the codebook parameter includes：
Separate layer or the number of user equipment that one Sparse Code multiple access SCMA encoder is included
Number N, the mistake of the non-zero element that J, the complex value code word x of number K, K dimension of Resource Block are included
Carry coefficient lambda；Wherein, N<K.
5. method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the default mapping square
Battle array F be：
Wherein, K=5, J=10, N=2, λ=2.
6. it is a kind of to encode multiple access access device, it is characterised in that the device includes：
Coding unit, for when the data flow of user equipment transmission is received, based on nonopiate
Sparse coding superimposing technique, selects a code book to the data flow from default codebook set
Encoded；
Resource Block acquiring unit, for the mapping according to user equipment in the code book and Resource Block
Relation, obtains Resource Block corresponding with the user equipment；
Transmission unit, for using the Resource Block, is transmitted to the data flow after coding；
Wherein, the default codebook set includes multiple code books, one layer of each code book correspondence or
One user equipment.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the device also includes code book
Default unit, is used for：
Initialize the codebook parameter；
According to default each user equipment and the mapping relations of Resource Block, mapping matrix is obtained；
The dimension of complex conjugate, phase place, lattice planisphere is carried out to default origin planisphere
Degree displacement, obtains the constellation point of each user equipment；
According to the mapping matrix and the constellation point of each user equipment, multiple code books are obtained,
Generate default codebook set.
8. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the code book is Sparse Code.
9. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the codebook parameter includes：
Separate layer or the number of user equipment that one Sparse Code multiple access SCMA encoder is included
Number N, the mistake of the non-zero element that J, the complex value code word x of number K, K dimension of Resource Block are included
Carry coefficient lambda；Wherein, N<K.
10. device according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the code book is default single
Default mapping matrix F is in unit：
Wherein, K=5, J=10, N=2, λ=2.
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| CN110166385B (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2022-02-01 | 武汉虹信科技发展有限责任公司 | Codebook generation method and device |
| CN112565153A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-26 | 沈阳理工大学 | SCMA multi-user codebook design method based on rotation mapping |
| WO2022178886A1 (en) * | 2021-02-27 | 2022-09-01 | 华为技术有限公司 | Codeword mapping method and device |
| WO2024050789A1 (en) * | 2022-09-08 | 2024-03-14 | 华为技术有限公司 | Communication method and related apparatus |
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