CN106712431A - Single-phase permanent magnet type switching reluctance motor and control method thereof - Google Patents
Single-phase permanent magnet type switching reluctance motor and control method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN106712431A CN106712431A CN201710195636.XA CN201710195636A CN106712431A CN 106712431 A CN106712431 A CN 106712431A CN 201710195636 A CN201710195636 A CN 201710195636A CN 106712431 A CN106712431 A CN 106712431A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 17
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical group [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005622 photoelectricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K29/00—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices
- H02K29/03—Motors or generators having non-mechanical commutating devices, e.g. discharge tubes or semiconductor devices with a magnetic circuit specially adapted for avoiding torque ripples or self-starting problems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/12—Stationary parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/14—Stator cores with salient poles
- H02K1/146—Stator cores with salient poles consisting of a generally annular yoke with salient poles
- H02K1/148—Sectional cores
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/24—Rotor cores with salient poles ; Variable reluctance rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2706—Inner rotors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02K—DYNAMO-ELECTRIC MACHINES
- H02K1/00—Details of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/06—Details of the magnetic circuit characterised by the shape, form or construction
- H02K1/22—Rotating parts of the magnetic circuit
- H02K1/27—Rotor cores with permanent magnets
- H02K1/2786—Outer rotors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P25/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details
- H02P25/02—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of AC motor or by structural details characterised by the kind of motor
- H02P25/08—Reluctance motors
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Synchronous Machinery (AREA)
- Control Of Electric Motors In General (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a single-phase permanent magnet type switching reluctance motor which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein the rotor is composed of a front-section stator iron core, a middle-section stator iron core and a rear-section stator iron core; the quantities of convex electrodes of the three sections of stator iron cores are the same, and gaps are formed among the three sections of stator iron cores; central lines of the convex electrodes of the front-section stator iron core and the rear-section stator iron core are located on the same straight line; the central line of the convex electrode in the middle-section stator iron core is overlapped with the central lines of concave electrodes in the front-section stator iron core and the rear-section stator iron core; stator electromagnetic windings are mounted on the convex electrodes of the three sections of stator iron cores; the rotor is composed of a rotor iron core and permanent magnets; the quantity of the convex electrodes of the rotor iron core is the same as that of the convex electrodes of the single section of stator iron core; the permanent magnets are embedded into the convex electrodes of the rotor iron core; and magnetizing directions of the permanent magnets are radial and the polarities are different. According to the single-phase permanent magnet type switching reluctance motor, on the basis of keeping specific advantages of a conventional switching reluctance motor, an inherent torque pulse of the conventional switching reluctance motor is eliminated; and meanwhile, the power density of the motor is improved, the conversion efficiency of the input energy of a power supply is improved, and a target of saving energy is effectively realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to machine field, more particularly to a kind of input energy repeats the single-phase permanent type switching magnetic-resistance for utilizing
Electric motor and controller method.
Background technology
In conventional single-phase switch reluctance machine, due to the starting problem of motor to be considered, it is typically necessary to motor
The salient pole of rotor do deformation process so that motor can realize the purpose for voluntarily starting.But after the salient pole deformation of rotor not
It is again the double-salient-pole structure in original meaning, thus can also loses or weaken special specific to traditional double-salient-pole switched reluctance machines
Property, its control characteristic can also change, and this motor can not realize bidirectional movement；Additionally, the single-phase switch of routine
Reluctance motor has that output torque fluctuation is big, output torque density is low, it is impossible to the shortcomings of producing the output of continuous torque.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For above-mentioned problem, there is provided a kind of energy that can make input is reused,
So as to improve the conversion efficiency of input energy, to reach single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines and its control of effective energy-conservation purpose
Method.
The technical proposal of the invention is realized in this way：A kind of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines, including stator, turn
Son, motor output shaft and control system, are the correspondence of air gap, the stator and rotor between the stator and the salient pole of rotor
Relation is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure, and the rotor is fixedly sleeved in motor output shaft periphery, it is characterised in that：
The stator is made up of leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core, three sections of concave, convex numbers of poles of stator core
Amount and concave, convex pole width are equal, and concave, convex number of poles is even number, and gap is left between three sections of stator cores, described
Salient pole position in leading portion stator core and back segment stator core is consistent, i.e., the center line of salient pole exists in two sections stator cores
On same straight line, in the center line at the salient pole position in the stage casing stator core and forward and backward two sections of stator core concaves pole
Heart line coincides, and the salient pole position of described leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core is mounted on determining
Sub- electromagnetism winding；The rotor is by rotor core and set of permanent magnets into number of salient poles and the either segment stator of the rotor core
The number of salient poles of iron core is equal, and salient pole width of the salient pole width less than rotor core on stator core, in the rotor
Correspondence salient pole position is embedded with permanent magnet, and the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet is adjacent each convex in every section of rotor core for radially
The polarity of the permanent magnet that pole is embedded in is different, and the rotor core is arranged on motor output shaft, and synchronous with motor output shaft
Rotate.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, its described leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and
Identical length of back segment stator core etc., the length of the rotor core is equal with the installation length of three sections of stator cores, described
The permanent magnet that corresponding salient pole position in rotor core is embedded in uses two-part structure, and two sections of equal length, polarity phase
Together.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, its described leading portion stator core and back segment stator core
Identical length etc., and the stage casing stator core length be front and rear sections stator core length twice.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, it is in the leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core
And non-magnetizer is embedded with respectively between back segment stator core.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, its electromagnetism installed on each section of salient pole of stator core
Winding, electromagnetism winding its coiling for being satisfied by being installed on any adjacent salient pole for each section is in opposite direction, and on each salient pole
The connected mode of the equal head of electromagnetism winding of installation, tail is connected.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, are provided with Check up polarity electricity in its described control system
Road, position detecting circuit and energy recovering circuit.
Single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, stator electromagnet winding on its front and rear sections stator core
Two lead-out wires are distinguished the connected mode of head, tail and are connected, the head of stator electromagnet winding and back segment stator on leading portion stator core
On iron core on the tail of stator electromagnet winding and stage casing stator core head, the tail of stator electromagnet winding respectively with set-up of control system
Directional control circuit be connected, the directional control circuit of the set-up of control system can change stator electricity on the stator core of stage casing
The connection side of the head of magnetic winding, tail end and the head of stator electromagnet winding, tail end on the front and rear sections stator core for linking together
To the traffic direction of motor can be changed with this.
A kind of control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines, it is characterised in that：The control system can be using perseverance
Power control mode or permanent torque control model motor rotate.
The control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, the power limitation control pattern described in it is
Refer to, during motor is moved via unstable position from a certain settling position to next settling position, electricity is detected according to position
The position control signal that road is given turns on power driving circuit in starting position, gives stator electromagnet winding power, drives rotor
Rotation, when unstable position is reached, closes power driving circuit, makes rotor in magnetomotive specific to motor and freewheel current
Collective effect under continue to rotate, until reach next settling position, when next settling position is reached, power driving circuit changes
Become conducting direction, give stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply, drive rotor to continue to rotate, the rest may be inferred by analogy.
The control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention, the permanent torque control model described in it is
Refer to, during motor is moved via unstable position from a certain settling position to next settling position, electricity is detected according to position
The position control signal that road is given turns on power driving circuit in starting position, gives stator electromagnet winding power, drives rotor
Rotation, when the position where the position control signal that in-position detection circuit is given, i.e., next settling position closes power
Drive circuit, makes the quick afterflow of stator electromagnet winding, and when next settling position is reached, power driving circuit changes conducting side
To, stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply is given, drive rotor to continue to rotate, the rest may be inferred by analogy.
The present invention eliminates ordinary tap magnetic resistance electricity on the basis of the peculiar advantage of ordinary tap reluctance motor institute is maintained
The intrinsic torque pulsation of machine, simultaneously because permanent-magnet material has been used, so that the power density of motor is significantly improved, and
The conversion efficiency of power input energy is improve, the target of energy-conservation is effectively realized.
The beneficial effect comprise that：
1st, the threephase switch of the single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines and routine for utilizing is repeated using input energy of the invention
Reluctance motor compares, and in the case of identical motor volume and identical electromagnetic parameter, can make the power density of motor
Improve 3~5 times, and eliminate that the intrinsic torque pulsation of ordinary tap reluctance motor is big, the shortcoming that noise is big, remain routine
All advantages of switched reluctance machines.
2nd, the way traffic or unidirectional operation of the achievable single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines of the present invention.
3rd, the control program that the present invention is used has used energy stores（Conversion）Circuit, thus can make to be input into by power supply
Energy is reused, therefore in the case where identical motor characteristic is kept, can reduce the input of power supply, so as to obtain good
Good energy-saving effect.
4th, motor of the invention has simple structure, is easy to design and calculates, while being also convenient for modeling and simulation.
5th, control loop simple structure of the invention is easy to design and controls programming convenient, and the control mode can apply to
The motor of various power, it is possible to meet the demand of various speed regulating controls.
6th, motor of the invention is compared with Conventional permanent magnet motor, in the case of power output identical, it is possible to reduce iron
The consumption of core, coil copper cash and permanent magnet, with larger cost advantage.
7th, motor of the invention has compact conformation, lightweight and power expansion convenient thus close with good power
Degree and torque density.
8th, the in hgher efficiency of motor can be made using electric motor and controller method of the invention, and with more preferable energy-conservation effect
Really.
9th, motor of the invention has low temperature rise, pulse free, the good characteristic that noise is small, reliability is higher.
10th, motor of the invention can flexibly select a variety of control programs according to the situation of load, to meet permanent turning
Square load or the different demands of constant power load, and obtain optimal control effect.
11st, motor of the invention can meet the demand of high power load, overcome conventional monophase machine and can be only applied to
The situation of low-power load.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of front and rear sections stator of the invention and rotor corresponding matching.
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of stage casing stator of the invention and rotor corresponding matching.
Fig. 3 is the deployed configuration schematic diagram of stator of the invention and rotor.
Fig. 4 is stator and rotor general structure and winding magnetic field distribution map
Fig. 5 is power driving circuit schematic diagram of the invention.
Fig. 6 is directional control circuit schematic diagram of the invention.
Circuit waveform figure when Fig. 7 is single tube afterflow in power limitation control pattern of the invention
Circuit waveform figure when Fig. 8 is quick afterflow in power limitation control pattern of the invention
Fig. 9 is the circuit waveform figure in permanent torque control model of the invention
Marked in figure：1 is stator, and 2 is rotor, and 3 is permanent magnet, and 4 is stator electromagnet winding, and 5 is accumulator, and C is energy storage electricity
Hold, L is stator winding, D is damper tube, and K1, K2 are the normally-closed contact of relay, and K3, K4 are the normally opened contact of relay.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in detail.
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, it is right below in conjunction with drawings and Examples
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.
Embodiment 1：As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, it is a kind of can way traffic single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines, it is including fixed
Son 1, rotor 2, motor output shaft and control system, are air gap between the stator 1 and the salient pole of rotor 2, and the stator is adopted
Designed with three-stage radial magnetic field, rotor core uses the correspondence pass of unistage type salient pole core structure, the stator 1 and rotor 2
System is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure, and polarity detection circuit, position detecting circuit are provided with the control system
And energy recovering circuit, to meet the demand of startup and the operating control of motor, i.e., examined by polarity detection circuit and position
Slowdown monitoring circuit is judged initial position of rotor and running.
As shown in figure 5, the control system is controlled using H bridges, which provided isolating diode D5, D6, the pole of afterflow two
Pipe D1~D4, two groups of bridge arm Q1, Q4 and Q3, Q2, is additionally provided with accumulator 5, is made up of storage capacitor C in the present embodiment.
As shown in fig. 6, being additionally provided with directional control circuit in control system, it is made up of relay in the present embodiment, is controlled
The on and off of relay processed can change the type of attachment of stage casing electromagnetism winding and front and rear sections electromagnetism winding, to meet motor fortune
Turn the demand of control.
In the present embodiment, the rotor 2 is fixedly sleeved in motor output shaft periphery, and the stator 1 is by leading portion stator iron
Core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core composition, by the shell inner side for being centrally disposed on motor, three sections of stator cores
Concave, convex number of poles and concave, convex pole width are equal, and concave, convex number of poles is even number, and the leading portion stator core, stage casing are fixed
Identical length of sub- iron core and back segment stator core etc., leaves gap, in the leading portion stator between three sections of stator cores
Non-magnetizer is embedded between iron core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core respectively, the leading portion stator core and back segment are fixed
Salient pole position in sub- iron core is consistent, i.e., in two sections stator cores the center line of salient pole on the same line, the stage casing
The center line at the salient pole position in stator core coincides with the center line of forward and backward two sections of stator core concaves pole, it is described before
The salient pole position of section stator core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core is mounted on stator electromagnet winding 4, fixed at each section
On the salient pole of sub- iron core install electromagnetism winding, be satisfied by for each section on any adjacent salient pole install electromagnetism winding its
Coiling is in opposite direction；Two lead-out wires of stator electromagnet winding are distinguished the connected mode of head, tail and are connected on front and rear sections stator core
Connect, two output ends of the head of leading portion iron core electromagnetism winding and the tail whole electromagnetism winding of composition of back segment iron core electromagnetism winding, i.e.,
Two lead-out wires of each stator electromagnet winding mode connected with adjacent stator electromagnet winding head, tail respectively is connected, institute
State can connect between some stator electromagnet windings that the salient pole position of stator is installed, can be in parallel, can also go here and there and combine, leading portion stator
Stator on the tail and stage casing stator core of stator electromagnet winding on the head of stator electromagnet winding and back segment stator core on iron core
Head, the tail of electromagnetism winding are connected with the directional control circuit of set-up of control system respectively, the direction of the set-up of control system
Control circuit can change the head of stator electromagnet winding, tail end and the front and rear sections stator iron for linking together on the stator core of stage casing
The closure of the head of stator electromagnet winding, tail end on core, the traffic direction of motor can be changed with this.
Wherein, the rotor 2 is made up of rotor core and permanent magnet 3, the length of the rotor core and three sections of stator iron
The installation length of core is equal, and the number of salient poles of the rotor core is equal with the number of salient poles of either segment stator core, and stator
Salient pole width of the salient pole width less than rotor core on iron core, permanent magnet is embedded with the corresponding salient pole position of the rotor 2
3, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 3 is radial direction, the polarity of the permanent magnet 3 that adjacent each salient pole is embedded in every section of rotor core
Different, permanent magnet 3 that the corresponding salient pole position in the rotor core is embedded in uses two-part structure, and two sections of length phase
Identical Deng, polarity, the rotor core is arranged on motor output shaft, and with motor output shaft synchronous axial system.As shown in figure 3,
When the magnetic field produced by the electric current in stator electromagnet winding is polarity chron as depicted, the traffic direction of motor is side to the right
To.
Using the motor of said structure, with magnetic circuit is short and each iron leg core between the association without magnetic, thus will not mutually do
Disturb, pulsation and the noise of torque can be effectively eliminated, therefore with conventional single-phase reluctance motor with difference substantially；Due to
Permanent magnet is disposed with rotor, the electromagnetism field interactions produced with stator core gives full play to the strong magnetic action of permanent magnet, profit
With the direct effect that the operating fields produced by natural magnetic energy and electromagnetic drive unit are mutual, mechanical driver unit is set to produce more
Good energy-saving effect, the consumption to electric power is reduced with this, and energy-saving and emission-reduction are contributed.
In the present embodiment, the control system can use power limitation control pattern or permanent torque control model motor
Rotation.
Wherein, described power limitation control pattern refers to, motor from a certain settling position via unstable position to next
During settling position is moved, the position control signal be given according to position detecting circuit makes power drive electricity in starting position
Road turns on, and gives stator electromagnet winding power, drives rotor rotation, when unstable position is reached, close power driving circuit, makes
Rotor continues rotation under the collective effect of magnetomotive specific to motor and freewheel current, until next settling position is reached,
When next settling position is reached, power driving circuit changes conducting direction, gives stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply, drives rotor
Continue to rotate, the rest may be inferred by analogy.
Described permanent torque control model refers to that motor stablizes position via unstable position from a certain settling position to next
During putting motion, the position control signal be given according to position detecting circuit leads power driving circuit in starting position
It is logical, stator electromagnet winding power is given, rotor rotation is driven, where the position control signal that in-position detection circuit is provided
During position, i.e., next settling position closes power driving circuit, makes the quick afterflow of stator electromagnet winding, when the next stabilization of arrival
During position, power driving circuit changes conducting direction, gives stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply, drives rotor to continue to rotate, it is remaining this
Analogize.
The operation principle of the present embodiment is：It is assumed that condition：Settling position shown in Fig. 4 is 0 ° of initial position, motor
Another settling position is 60 ° of positions, and two centre positions of settling position are unstable position.
Fig. 5 gives the drive control circuit of single-phase permanent type reluctance motor, and the circuit is H-bridge circuit.Stator winding
Be connected with U, V end of circuit respectively end to end, it is assumed that Q1, Q4 turn on when, stator winding produce magnetic field as shown in figure 4, then Q3,
When Q2 is turned on, the magnetic field that stator winding is produced need to only exchange N, S polarity of stator salient poles.Set in 0 ° of initial position
Polarized detects circuit, and the polarity of rotor when being used to detect initial determines the conducting direction of bridge, i.e., Q1, Q4 conducting or Q3,
Q2 is turned on.And position detection is provided with the position every 30 °, according to distinguishing electricity by the detection signal that position detecting circuit is provided
The location of machine rotor, can make two bridge walls complete rotation work according to this signal.
In Fig. 55 be energy recovery circuit, it is illustrated that energy recovery circuit using electric capacity C constitute, D5, D6 for isolate two
Pole pipe, is used to separate energy recovery circuit and electric power loop, and wherein D5 can prevent the energy feedback that energy recovery circuit is stored
Power supply, and D6 can then prevent the electric current of power supply from pouring into energy recovery circuit.When any bridge arm is turned on, stored in electric capacity C
Energy will work together with power supply, the energy for prestoring is reused.D1~D4 in circuit constitute motor around
The continuous current circuit of group, when any bridge arm is turned off, by the electric capacity C of the energy stores in machine winding to energy recovery circuit.
（1）, power limitation control pattern：
As shown in figure 4, in 0 ° of initial position, the signal according to polarity detection circuit turns on bridge arm Q1, Q4, at 0 °~30 °
Interval, maintains conducting until the center line of rotor with salient pole turns over 30 ° of position（I.e. unstable position）, when detection electric circuit inspection is arrived
During the rising edge of first photosignal, now there are two kinds of afterflow modes：
One kind is quick afterflow mode, will Q1, Q4 simultaneously turn off, in inductance L store energy pass through V points → D3 → electric capacity C
The lower end → D2 → U points of upper end → electric capacity C → electric capacity C constitute continuous current circuit, energy is quickly transferred in electric capacity C, herein
In the interval of 30 ° afterwards~60 °, the inertia motion of permanent magnet is only relied on, the stable position for being located at 60 ° is reached by unstable position
Put.Its circuit waveform is as shown in Figure 8.When detect electric circuit inspection to second photosignal rising edge when, then Q3, Q2 are led
Logical, hereafter 60 °~120 ° of interval, its control process is similar, repeats no more.
Another then be single tube afterflow mode, now, pipe Q1 in shut-off, down tube Q4 maintains conducting, the energy stored in inductance L
Amount constitutes voluntarily continuous current circuit by V points → down tube Q4 → D2 → U points, the energy stored in inductance L is progressively consumed, and herein
In the interval of 30 ° afterwards~60 °, by the collective effect of the magnetic field energy for progressively decaying and the inertia motion of permanent magnet, by non-
Settling position reaches the settling position for being located at 60 °.Its circuit waveform is as shown in Figure 7.When detection electric circuit inspection to second photoelectricity
During the trailing edge of signal, close down tube Q4, when detect electric circuit inspection to second photosignal rising edge when, then by another bridge
Arm Q3, Q2 are turned on, and hereafter 60 °~120 ° of interval, its control process is similar, repeats no more.
（2）, permanent torque control model：
In this mode, as shown in figure 4, in 0 ° of initial position, the signal according to polarity detection circuit turns on bridge arm Q1, Q4,
In 0 °~60 ° of interval, conducting is maintained until the center line of rotor with salient pole turns over 60 ° of position（I.e. another settling position）, when
Detection electric circuit inspection to second photosignal trailing edge when, will Q1, Q4 simultaneously turn off, the energy stored in inductance L leads to
Lower end → D2 → U the points for crossing the upper end → electric capacity C → electric capacity C of V points → D3 → electric capacity C constitute continuous current circuit, and energy is quickly turned
In moving on to electric capacity C, and when detect electric circuit inspection to second photosignal rising edge when, then another bridge arm Q3, Q2 are turned on,
The interval of 60 ° hereafter~120 °, its control process is similar, repeats no more.Its circuit waveform is as shown in Figure 9.
It follows that can way traffic single-phase reversible permanent-magnet type reluctance motor the course of work in, due to the addition of
Effect of inertia produced by permanent magnet, therefore in the case of equal, the energy that motor of the invention is consumed can be dropped
It is low, and due to using the pattern of single-phase work, the electromagnetic unit that it works simultaneously is more than ordinary tap reluctance motor
Two times, in the same structure, its power density at least improves two times, and due to eliminating ordinary tap reluctance motor
Dead band, thus the intrinsic torque pulsation of ordinary tap reluctance motor can be eliminated, greatly reduce the noise of motor.This
Outward, during motor is operated in permanent torque pattern, two groups of electromagnetism windings are operated in a state for pushing away a drawing, thus can
To obtain smooth torque.
The present invention realizes the innovation of switched reluctance machines structure design, remains all excellent of ordinary tap reluctance motor
Point, the method by installing permanent magnet additional on the rotor of ordinary tap reluctance motor, has effectively eliminated switched reluctance machines
Torque pulsation and noise, make power density improve 3 times, compared with variable-frequency motor, reduce the usage amount of 50% permanent magnet,
The copper consumption of machine winding is reduced simultaneously, makes the in hgher efficiency of motor, and with more preferable energy-saving effect；Art invention is for single
The special construction of mutually reversible permanent-magnet type reluctance motor, innovation have developed the control system of the motor, make it have simple structure, property
Can it is reliable, be easy to design and control programming convenient, the control program can apply to the motor of various power, it is possible to meet respectively
Plant the demand of speed regulating control；Invention employs brand-new control program, and creative has used energy conversion unit, can make by
Power supply institute input energy is reused, therefore in the case where identical motor characteristic is kept, can reduce the input of power supply, from
And obtain good energy-saving effect；Single-phase reversible permanent-magnet type reluctance motor of the invention due to each phase winding of no conventional motor it
Between magnetic field association, thus externally acting when will not produce negative torque, the energy that its winding is input into can obtain completely
Energy is changed, and conversion ratio is close to 1, and the energy conversion rate of conventional motor can only achieve about 0.5.
Embodiment 2：As shown in Figure 1,2 and 3, it is a kind of can unidirectional operation single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines, it is including fixed
Son 1, rotor 2, motor output shaft and control system, are air gap between the stator 1 and the salient pole of rotor 2, and the stator is adopted
Designed with three-stage radial magnetic field, rotor core uses the correspondence pass of unistage type salient pole core structure, the stator 1 and rotor 2
System is inner rotor core or outer-rotor structure, and polarity detection circuit, position detecting circuit are provided with the control system
And energy recovering circuit, to meet the demand of startup and the operating control of motor, i.e., examined by polarity detection circuit and position
Slowdown monitoring circuit is judged initial position of rotor and running.
As shown in figure 5, the control system is controlled using H bridges, which provided isolating diode D5, D6, the pole of afterflow two
Pipe D1~D4, two groups of bridge arm Q1, Q4 and Q3, Q2, is additionally provided with accumulator 5, is made up of storage capacitor C in the present embodiment.
In the present embodiment, the rotor 2 is fixedly sleeved in motor output shaft periphery, and the stator 1 is by leading portion stator iron
Core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core composition, by the shell inner side for being centrally disposed on motor, three sections of stator cores
Concave, convex number of poles and concave, convex pole width are equal, and concave, convex number of poles is even number, described as optimal structure design
Identical length of leading portion stator core and back segment stator core etc., and the length of the stage casing stator core is front and rear sections stator
The twice of core length, gap is left between three sections of stator cores, the leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and
Non-magnetizer is embedded between back segment stator core respectively, the salient pole position in the leading portion stator core and back segment stator core is protected
Hold consistent, i.e., in two sections stator cores the center line of salient pole on the same line, the salient pole position in the stage casing stator core
Center line coincided with the center line of forward and backward two sections of stator core concaves pole, described leading portion stator core, stage casing stator iron
The salient pole position of core and back segment stator core is mounted on stator electromagnet winding 4, is installed on each section of salient pole of stator core
Electromagnetism winding, is satisfied by its coiling of the electromagnetism winding of installation on any adjacent salient pole in opposite direction for each section；Front and rear sections
Two lead-out wires of stator electromagnet winding are distinguished the connected mode of head, tail and are connected on stator core, leading portion iron core electromagnetism winding
Head and the tail of back segment iron core electromagnetism winding constitute two output ends of whole electromagnetism winding, i.e. the two of each stator electromagnet winding
Root lead-out wire mode connected with adjacent stator electromagnet winding head, tail respectively is connected, and the salient pole position of the stator is installed
Some stator electromagnet windings between can connect, can be in parallel, can also go here and there and combine.
Wherein, the rotor 2 is made up of rotor core and permanent magnet 3, the length of the rotor core and three sections of stator iron
The installation length of core is equal, and the number of salient poles of the rotor core is equal with the number of salient poles of either segment stator core, and stator
Salient pole width of the salient pole width less than rotor core on iron core, permanent magnet is embedded with the corresponding salient pole position of the rotor 2
3, the magnetizing direction of the permanent magnet 3 is radial direction, the polarity of the permanent magnet 3 that adjacent each salient pole is embedded in every section of rotor core
It is different, the rotor core be arranged on motor output shaft on, and with motor output shaft synchronous axial system.As shown in figure 3, when stator electricity
The magnetic field produced by electric current in magnetic winding is polarity chron as depicted, and the traffic direction of motor is direction to the right.
Other are substantially the same manner as Example 1.
Presently preferred embodiments of the present invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all in essence of the invention
Any modification, equivalent and improvement made within god and principle etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines, including stator（1）, rotor（2）, motor output shaft and control system,
The stator（1）And rotor（2）Salient pole between be air gap, the stator（1）And rotor（2）Corresponding relation be internal rotor
Structure or outer-rotor structure, the rotor（2）It is fixedly sleeved in motor output shaft periphery, it is characterised in that：The stator
（1）Be made up of leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core, the concave, convex number of poles of three sections of stator cores and
Concave, convex pole width is equal, and concave, convex number of poles is even number, and gap, the leading portion are left between three sections of stator cores
Salient pole position in stator core and back segment stator core is consistent, i.e., the center line of salient pole is same in two sections stator cores
On straight line, the center line of the center line at the salient pole position in the stage casing stator core and forward and backward two sections of stator core concaves pole
Coincide, the salient pole position of described leading portion stator core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core is mounted on stator electricity
Magnetic winding（4）；The rotor（2）By rotor core and permanent magnet（3）Composition, the number of salient poles and either segment of the rotor core
The number of salient poles of stator core is equal, and salient pole width of the salient pole width less than rotor core on stator core, at described turn
Son（2）Corresponding salient pole position be embedded with permanent magnet（3）, the permanent magnet（3）Magnetizing direction for radially, every section of rotor core
In the permanent magnet that is embedded in of adjacent each salient pole（3）Polarity it is different, the rotor core be arranged on motor output shaft on, and with
Motor output shaft synchronous axial system.
2. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leading portion stator core,
Identical length of stage casing stator core and back segment stator core etc., the length of the rotor core and three sections of installations of stator core
Equal length, the permanent magnet that the corresponding salient pole position in the rotor core is embedded in（3）Using two-part structure, and two sections
Equal length, polarity are identical.
3. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The leading portion stator core and
Identical length of back segment stator core etc., and the stage casing stator core length be front and rear sections stator core length twice.
4. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the leading portion stator iron
Non-magnetizer is embedded with respectively between core, stage casing stator core and back segment stator core.
5. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the convex of each section of stator core
The extremely upper electromagnetism winding installed, is satisfied by its coiling direction phase of the electromagnetism winding of installation on any adjacent salient pole for each section
Instead, and on each salient pole the connected mode of the equal head of electromagnetism winding of installation, tail is connected.
6. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Set in the control system
Polarized detection circuit, position detecting circuit and energy recovering circuit.
7. single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines as claimed in any of claims 1 to 6, it is characterised in that：It is forward and backward
Two lead-out wires of stator electromagnet winding are distinguished the connected mode of head, tail and are connected on section stator core, on leading portion stator core
On the head and back segment stator core of stator electromagnet winding on the tail and stage casing stator core of stator electromagnet winding stator electromagnet around
Head, the tail of group are connected with the directional control circuit of set-up of control system respectively, the direction controlling electricity of the set-up of control system
It is fixed with the front and rear sections stator core for linking together that road can change the head of stator electromagnet winding, tail end on the stator core of stage casing
The head of sub- electromagnetism winding, the closure of tail end, the traffic direction of motor can be changed with this.
8. a kind of control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines as claimed in any of claims 1 to 7 in one of claims, it is special
Levy and be：The control system can be rotated using power limitation control pattern or permanent torque control model motor.
9. the control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described perseverance
Power control mode refers to, during motor is moved via unstable position from a certain settling position to next settling position,
The position control signal be given according to position detecting circuit turns on power driving circuit in starting position, gives stator electromagnet winding
Power supply, drives rotor rotation, when unstable position is reached, close power driving circuit, makes rotor in magnetic specific to motor
Continue to rotate under the collective effect of power and freewheel current, until next settling position is reached, when next settling position is reached,
Power driving circuit changes conducting direction, gives stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply, drives rotor to continue to rotate, and the rest may be inferred by analogy.
10. the control method of single-phase permanent type switched reluctance machines according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：Described
Permanent torque control model refers to, the process that motor is moved via unstable position from a certain settling position to next settling position
In, the position control signal be given according to position detecting circuit turns on power driving circuit in starting position, to stator electromagnet
Winding power, drives rotor rotation, when the position where the position control signal that in-position detection circuit is given, i.e., next
Settling position, closes power driving circuit, makes the quick afterflow of stator electromagnet winding, and when next settling position is reached, power drives
Dynamic circuit changes conducting direction, gives stator electromagnet winding reverse power supply, drives rotor to continue to rotate, and the rest may be inferred by analogy.
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