CN106710652B - Fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance - Google Patents
Fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106710652B CN106710652B CN201610935396.8A CN201610935396A CN106710652B CN 106710652 B CN106710652 B CN 106710652B CN 201610935396 A CN201610935396 A CN 201610935396A CN 106710652 B CN106710652 B CN 106710652B
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- restricted clearance
- fire
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G21—NUCLEAR PHYSICS; NUCLEAR ENGINEERING
- G21D—NUCLEAR POWER PLANT
- G21D3/00—Control of nuclear power plant
- G21D3/04—Safety arrangements
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
Abstract
The present invention relates to fire fire source powers in a kind of nuclear power plant's restricted clearance to monitor system, including：Gas thermal energy measure of the change system, opening convective heat exchange measuring system, wall surface heat exchange measuring system and data processing system；Gas thermal energy measure of the change system is set in the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant, for measuring the first energy that the gas in the restricted clearance of burning things which may cause a fire disaster place is absorbed；Opening convective heat exchange measuring system is set on the opening that the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant is contacted with the external world, passes through the second energy being open with extraneous heat exchange for measuring the gas in the restricted clearance of burning things which may cause a fire disaster place；Wall surface heat exchange measuring system is set on the restricted clearance wall surface position of place, for measuring the heat flux that burning things which may cause a fire disaster place restricted clearance wall surface absorbs；Data processing system receives the first energy, the second energy and heat flux, and the real-time fire fire source power in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance is calculated based on the conservation of energy.The solution of the present invention in real time accurately monitors fire source power.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to npp safety monitoring technology field, more particularly to fire fire in a kind of nuclear power plant's restricted clearance
Source power monitors system.
Background technology
In npp safety monitoring, fire hazard monitoring is extremely important part, and fire source power is the most important spy of fire
Levy one of parameter, be judge the most important parameters of fire hazard and equipment is thermally stressed, fire smoke sprawling, second
The major influence factors that burning things which may cause a fire disaster catches fire.Fire source power represents the external energy releasing amount of burning things which may cause a fire disaster, usually with time and fire ring
Border changes.
Existing fire source power measuring method can be divided into two kinds substantially：The first is according to combustion and pyrolysis mass loss speed
Rate is multiplied by combustion heat value, but for nuclear power plant's restricted clearance, the comburant of complex material composition, such as electrical cabinet, it is internal each
The rate of the decomposition of components of kind cable is different, and combustion heat value is different, and this method is difficult application in practice；Second method is root
It is calculated according to the oxygen of burning consumption, the heat that the oxygen for generally assuming that consumption unit mass of this method generates is identical, as
13.1MJ/kg.This method is only applicable to the burning under excess oxygen, and practical burning situation changes greatly.For nuclear power plant
For structure feature, particularly in its restricted clearance, the sustained combustion of combustible can form Hypoxic habitats, be difficult to using this method
The environmental requirement of coincidence measurement.
It can be seen that existing fire source power measuring method, it is difficult to fire burning things which may cause a fire disaster in monitor nuclear power plant restricted clearance
Power.
Invention content
Based on this, it is necessary to the problem of for fire fire source power in monitor nuclear power plant restricted clearance is difficult to, carry
System is monitored for fire fire source power in a kind of nuclear power plant's restricted clearance.
Fire fire source power monitors system in a kind of nuclear power plant's restricted clearance, including：
Gas thermal energy measure of the change system, opening convective heat exchange measuring system, wall surface heat exchange measuring system and number
According to processing system；
The gas thermal energy measure of the change system is set in the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant, for measuring limited sky where burning things which may cause a fire disaster
The first energy that interior gas is absorbed；
The opening convective heat exchange measuring system is set on the opening that the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant is contacted with the external world, is used for
Gas where measuring burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance passes through opening and the second energy of extraneous heat exchange；
The wall surface heat exchange measuring system is set on the restricted clearance wall surface position of place, limited for measuring burning things which may cause a fire disaster place
The heat flux that space wall surface absorbs；
The data processing system receives first energy, the second energy and heat flux, according to the first energy, the second energy
Amount and heat flux calculate the real-time fire fire source power in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance based on the conservation of energy.
Fire fire source power monitors system in above-mentioned nuclear power plant's restricted clearance, according to the conservation of energy, is answered suitable for nuclear power plant
A variety of fire scenarios such as miscellaneous combustible substance distribution, enclosed environment, force ventilation, when fire, in real time accurately supervise fire source power
It surveys, evaluates fire risk in real time for nuclear power plant emergency worker and quantitative data are provided.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram that fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is stratification of hot gas and measurement point arrangement schematic diagram in restricted clearance；
Fig. 3 is that measurement point arranges schematic diagram at restricted clearance inner opening；
Fig. 4 is temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor and differential pressure pickup the arrangement schematic diagram of opening measurement point；
Fig. 5 is the arrangement schematic diagram of restricted clearance madial wall heat flux sensor；
Fig. 6 is the arrangement schematic diagram of restricted clearance inner top and the heat flux sensor of bottom.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of fire fire source power monitoring system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance of the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 1, the structure that Fig. 1 is fire fire source power monitoring system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance of the present invention is shown
It is intended to, including：
Gas thermal energy measure of the change system, opening convective heat exchange measuring system, wall surface heat exchange measuring system and number
According to processing system；
The gas thermal energy measure of the change system is set in the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant, for measuring limited sky where burning things which may cause a fire disaster
The first energy that interior gas is absorbed；
The opening convective heat exchange measuring system is set on the opening that the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant is contacted with the external world, is used for
Gas where measuring burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance passes through opening and the second energy of extraneous heat exchange；
The wall surface heat exchange measuring system is set on the restricted clearance wall surface position of place, limited for measuring burning things which may cause a fire disaster place
The heat flux that space wall surface absorbs；
The data processing system receives first energy, the second energy and heat flux, according to the first energy, the second energy
Amount and heat flux calculate the real-time fire fire source power in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance based on the conservation of energy.
Fire fire source power monitors system in above-mentioned nuclear power plant's restricted clearance, be distributed suitable for nuclear power plant's complex flammable object,
A variety of fire scenarios such as enclosed environment, force ventilation, when fire, in real time accurately monitor fire source power, should for nuclear power plant
Anxious personnel evaluate fire risk and provide quantitative data in real time.
In one embodiment, refering to what is shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is stratification of hot gas and measurement point arrangement schematic diagram in restricted clearance；
The gas thermal energy measure of the change system includes being made of the temperature survey system of a longitudinal direction n hygrosensor vertical arrangement
System；
Restricted clearance where burning things which may cause a fire disaster is divided into n-layer, each hygrosensor position by the temperature-sensing system in the longitudinal direction
In the center of a layer gas, the temperature change of layer gas where measuring, wherein, n >=2.
Further, n temperature sensor of gas thermal energy measure of the change system transmits the temperature data of acquisition in real time
To data processing system；
The data processing system calculates first of gas thermal energy variation in the restricted clearance of burning things which may cause a fire disaster place according to equation below
Energy：
Wherein,Represent i-th layer of gas density, M is the molal weight of air, P0It is BAP Barometric Absolute Pressure, R
It is universal gas constant, ViIt is i-th layer of volume, CpIt is air specific heat capacity, T0It is the initial temperature in restricted clearance.
In one embodiment, refering to what is shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 3 is that measurement point arranges schematic diagram at restricted clearance inner opening；It is described
Opening is divided into m region by opening convective heat exchange measuring system, and each regional center position sets a measurement point；Its
In, each measurement point sets a temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor and differential pressure pickup respectively；Refering to what is shown in Fig. 4, figure
4 be temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor and differential pressure pickup the arrangement schematic diagram of opening measurement point.
The temperature sensor is used to measure the temperature of opening, the air-flow that the airflow direction flows through for measurement opening
Direction, the differential pressure pickup are used to measure the pressure differential inside and outside opening restricted clearance.
Further, the temperature and pressure acquired is transmitted to data processing by the opening convective heat exchange measuring system
System；
It is by the heat-exchange power of openingWhereinRepresent j-th of opening
With the energy of extraneous heat exchange,Represent the density in i regions, M is the molal weight (constant) of air, P0It is air
Absolute pressure, R are universal gas constants；viIt is i layers of flow velocity,K is constant, takes 1.08, Δ P is pressure differential
CpIt is air specific heat capacity；T0It is the initial temperature in room；AiIt is the corresponding area in i regions.
All opening convective heat exchanges are in the restricted clearanceWherein,Represent all openings
Second energy of convective heat exchange.
In one embodiment, refering to what is shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 5 is the arrangement signal of restricted clearance madial wall heat flux sensor
Figure；The wall surface heat exchange measuring system includes the heat flux sensor being arranged in each measurement point of restricted clearance madial wall；
Wherein, restricted clearance madial wall is divided into x region in the vertical direction, and each regional center corresponds to a measurement
Point；Top and bottom in restricted clearance are laterally divided into y on the surface1Row, are vertically being divided into y2Row forms y1×y2It is a
Rectangular area, each regional center position set a measurement point.
Refering to what is shown in Fig. 6, Fig. 6 is the arrangement schematic diagram of restricted clearance inner top and the heat flux sensor of bottom.
Further, the wall surface heat exchange measuring system acquires restricted clearance wall surface where the burning things which may cause a fire disaster in each measurement point
The heat flux data acquired are transmitted to data processing system by the heat flux data of absorption；
The data processing system is according to the heat flux of equation below computation-bound space inner wall：
In formula,It is the heat flux of restricted clearance madial wall,It is that i-th of heat flux sensor unit area receives
To heat flux, SHFS_iIt is i-th of heat flux sensor region area.
As embodiment, the hygrosensor being related to of above-described embodiment, temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor, pressure
The data acquiring frequency of gap sensor and heat flux sensor is identical.
In one embodiment, the real-time fire fire source power calculation formula is：
In formula,For real-time fire fire source power,The first energy that gas where burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance absorbs
Amount,The second energy of heat exchange that gas where burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance passes through opening and the external world,For burning things which may cause a fire disaster institute
In the heat flux that restricted clearance wall surface absorbs.
In order to be more clear technical scheme of the present invention, a specific embodiment is described below.
Assuming that fire occurs in nuclear power plant in the restricted clearance of a cuboid, there are one be open in restricted clearance.It will be limited
Space is divided into 5 layers from vertical direction, and every layer of volume is Vi(i=1,2,3,4,5), it is intermediate in restricted clearance to place a heat
Galvanic couple tree is distributed 5 thermocouples on thermocouple tree, respectively positioned at the centre of respective layer, such as Fig. 2.Along opening vertical center line
Arrange 8 measurement points, measurement point and corresponding area, such as Fig. 3.Each measurement point has been sequentially arranged K-type temperature biography from top to bottom
Sensor, two-way probe and differential pressure transmitter, such as Fig. 4.The two-way probe is connect with differential pressure transmitter, is flowed out out of restricted clearance
For just, it is negative to be flowed into outside room in room.Arrangement heat flux passes on 4 side vertical center lines of restricted clearance where burning things which may cause a fire disaster
Sensor, sensor arrangement and corresponding area, such as Fig. 5.In the top of restricted clearance (ceiling) and bottom (floor), sensor
Arrangement and corresponding area, such as Fig. 6.
All measurement devices are connected to data acquisition module and are transferred to the data processor of data processing system, own
Data acquiring frequency is 1HZ, i.e. 1 data of acquisition per second.
K-type temperature sensor on the thermocouple tree will measure obtained data and be transmitted to data processor, obtain by
Gas heat variation in space is limited, is obtainedWith
The temperature sensor and differential pressure pickup of the opening transfer data to data processor, obtain
The restricted clearance internal face heat flux sensor transfers data to data processor, obtains
It can thus be concluded that real-time fire fire source power：
Each technical characteristic of embodiment described above can be combined arbitrarily, to make description succinct, not to above-mentioned reality
It applies all possible combination of each technical characteristic in example to be all described, as long as however, the combination of these technical characteristics is not deposited
In contradiction, it is all considered to be the range of this specification record.
Embodiment described above only expresses the several embodiments of the present invention, and description is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
It cannot therefore be construed as limiting the scope of the patent.It should be pointed out that those of ordinary skill in the art are come
It says, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to the protection of the present invention
Range.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be determined by the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. fire fire source power monitors system in a kind of nuclear power plant's restricted clearance, which is characterized in that including：
At gas thermal energy measure of the change system, opening convective heat exchange measuring system, wall surface heat exchange measuring system and data
Reason system；
The gas thermal energy measure of the change system is set in the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant, for measuring in the restricted clearance of burning things which may cause a fire disaster place
The first energy for being absorbed of gas；The gas thermal energy measure of the change system is included by n hygrosensor vertical arrangement group
Into the temperature measurement system of a longitudinal direction；Restricted clearance where burning things which may cause a fire disaster is divided into n-layer by the temperature-sensing system in the longitudinal direction,
Each hygrosensor is located at the center of a layer gas, the temperature change of layer gas where measuring, wherein, n >=2；
The opening convective heat exchange measuring system is set on the opening that the restricted clearance of nuclear power plant is contacted with the external world, for measuring
Gas where burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance passes through opening and the second energy of extraneous heat exchange；The opening convective heat exchange is surveyed
Opening is divided into m region by amount system, and each regional center position sets a measurement point；Wherein, each measurement point difference
One temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor and differential pressure pickup are set；The temperature sensor is used to measure opening
Temperature, for measuring the airflow direction that opening flows through, the differential pressure pickup is limited the airflow direction for measuring opening
Pressure differential inside and outside space；
The wall surface heat exchange measuring system is set on the restricted clearance wall surface position of place, for measuring restricted clearance where burning things which may cause a fire disaster
The heat flux that wall surface absorbs；The wall surface heat exchange measuring system includes being arranged in each measurement point of restricted clearance madial wall
Heat flux sensor；Wherein, restricted clearance madial wall is divided into x region in the vertical direction, and each regional center corresponds to one
Measurement point；Top and bottom in restricted clearance are laterally divided into y on the surface1Row, are vertically being divided into y2Row forms y1×
y2A rectangular area, each regional center position set a measurement point；
The data processing system receives first energy, the second energy and heat flux, according to the first energy, the second energy and
Heat flux calculates the real-time fire fire source power in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance based on the conservation of energy.
2. fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
Fire fire source power calculation formula is in real time：
In formula,For real-time fire fire source power,The first energy that gas where burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance absorbs,The second energy of heat exchange that gas where burning things which may cause a fire disaster in restricted clearance passes through opening and the external world,For where burning things which may cause a fire disaster by
Limit the heat flux that space wall surface absorbs.
3. system, feature are monitored according to fire fire source power in claims 1 or 2 any one of them nuclear power plant restricted clearance
Be, the hygrosensor, temperature sensor, airflow-direction sensor, differential pressure pickup and heat flux sensor number
It is identical according to frequency acquisition.
4. fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that gas
The temperature data of acquisition is transmitted to data processing system by n temperature sensor of thermal energy measure of the change system in real time；
The data processing system the first energy that gas thermal energy changes in restricted clearance according to where equation below calculates burning things which may cause a fire disaster：
Wherein,Represent i-th layer of gas density, M is the molal weight of air, P0It is BAP Barometric Absolute Pressure, R is general
Logical gas constant, ViIt is i-th layer of volume, CpIt is air specific heat capacity, T0It is the initial temperature in restricted clearance.
5. fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The temperature and pressure acquired is transmitted to data processing system by opening convective heat exchange measuring system；
It is by the heat-exchange power of openingWhereinRepresent j-th of opening with it is outer
The energy of the heat exchange on boundary,Represent the density in i regions, M is the molal weight (constant) of air, P0It is that air is absolute
Pressure, R are universal gas constants；viIt is i layers of flow velocity,K is constant, and it is pressure differential C to take 1.08, Δ PpIt is
Air specific heat capacity；T0It is the initial temperature in room；AiIt is the corresponding area in i regions.
6. fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance according to claim 5, which is characterized in that described
All opening convective heat exchanges are in restricted clearanceWherein,Represent all opening convective heat exchanges
Second energy.
7. fire fire source power monitors system in nuclear power plant's restricted clearance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described
The heat flux data that restricted clearance wall surface where wall surface heat exchange measuring system acquires the burning things which may cause a fire disaster in each measurement point absorbs, by institute
The heat flux data of acquisition are transmitted to data processing system；
The data processing system is according to the heat flux of equation below computation-bound space inner wall：
In formula,It is the heat flux of restricted clearance madial wall,It is that i-th of heat flux sensor unit area receives heat
Flux, SHFS_iIt is i-th of heat flux sensor region area.
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