CN106706862A - In-car pollution gas monitoring device based on GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) communication technology - Google Patents
In-car pollution gas monitoring device based on GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) communication technology Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/0004—Gaseous mixtures, e.g. polluted air
- G01N33/0009—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment
- G01N33/0027—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector
- G01N33/0036—General constructional details of gas analysers, e.g. portable test equipment concerning the detector specially adapted to detect a particular component
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Abstract
The invention discloses an in-car pollution gas monitoring device based on a GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) communication technology. The monitoring device belongs to the field of car environment safety monitoring, and comprises a microcontroller module, an in-car gas environment measurement module, an intelligent alarm module, a power supply module and a storage battery. The power supply module is connected with the storage battery, is connected with a power generation system of a car, and charges the storage battery; the storage battery is connected with the in-car gas environment measurement module; the in-car gas environment measurement module is connected with the microcontroller module; the microcontroller module is connected with a communication module; the communication module is connected with a user mobilephone; the microcontroller module is connected with the intelligent alarm module. According to the in-car pollution gas monitoring device based on the GSM communication technology provided by the invention, the reasonability and the accuracy of warning information are improved; the in-car gas environment measurement module is beneficial to a limited available space in the car, and the space is saved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to automotive environment safety monitoring field, timing automatic can detect in-car each in particular to one kind
Plant dusty gas concentration and looked into real time to user mobile phone transmission concentration alert messages and support user when more than required standard value
The device of inquiry.
Background technology
With China's economic development, automobile volume of production and marketing more and more higher and speedup does not subtract.According to State Statistics Bureau's related data
It has been shown that, 172,280,000 are reached by year ends 2015 national motor vehicles for civilian use recoverable amount, increase by 11.5% than the end of last year, wherein private
Car ownership 143,990,000, increases by 14.4%.Civil car recoverable amount 95,080,000, increases by 14.6%, wherein personal car
87930000, increase by 15.8%.It is more and more wider using scope as automobile quantity is more and more, to the negative effect of world environments
Should be also increasing, urban environment is especially endangered, trigger human respiratory system's disease, also reflected from side by data above
More people will in the car spend the longer time.The emphasis scope of air quality concern is also gradually transferred to car by indoor environment
Interior microenvironment.The report that in-vehicle exposure is detrimental to health is of common occurrence, and so-called " syndrome of driving " is also known.Early in
2007, State Environmental Protection Administration just promulgated《In-car volatile organic matter and aldoketones material sampling determination method》, but
It is the detection method current just in Static Detection, the demand of present monitor in real time can not be met.So, it is empty for in-car
The cry more and more higher of the real-time detection of makings amount.The pollution sources of in-car air mostly come from three below aspect：One is car
The toxic gas contained in inner decoration material, refers mainly to benzene, formaldehyde, dimethylbenzene etc..The speed put goods on the market due to vehicle quickly,
The pernicious gas in many accessories is caused not discharged sufficiently, which results in in-car air pollution.Two is vapour
The vehicle exhaust produced when car starts enters into in-car, such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, gasoline volatilization composition, dust etc..And
And after engine long time running, temperature rises, its heat for producing can accelerate the volatilization of pernicious gas.Three is driver and multiply
The bad habit of member, such as smokes in the car, because interior space is smaller, if clearing up environment inside car not in time, and in-car bacterium
And the harmful substance such as nicotine can be sharply increased.
At present, foreign countries all prevent and treat in-vehicle air pollution many kinds of measures is taken, and are first to formulate relevant criterion, automobile system
As long as the automobile for making business's production product is detected will be subject to heavy punishment beyond pollution norms value, this just solves from root and asks
Topic；Dusty gas, such as " the degerming ion generation that Japanese Toyota Company releases are removed additionally by advanced science and technology
Device " carries out the transient burst of energy of sum in positive and negative charge so as to around causing in atmosphere with the cation and anion that produce
The change of bacterial structure and energy transfer, so as to cause bacterial death, realize sterilized effect.
By comparison, more slowly, current China is directly about in-car air for China's dusty gas aspect research in the car
The standard of quality has two, is respectively GB/T 17729-1999《Air quality requirements in coach》With HJ/T 400-2007
《In-car volatile organic matter and aldoketones material sampling determination method》.Detection and imperfection for above-mentioned air pollution, have
Detecting system can only detect common and single pollutant.And the platform that many detecting systems are used also is not quite similar：
Using than less expensive easy monolithic machine platform, although price is relatively cheap, but processing speed does not reach requirement, it is impossible to adapt to
Complicated environment inside car change now；And using the industrial computer of costliness for development platform, software and hardware easily expands by contrast, but
It is bulky, is not also suitable for in-car narrow and small environment.
Thus needing a kind of processing speed can reach requirement, while being adapted to a kind of gas-monitoring dress of in-car microenvironment
Put, and the data communication and user mobile phone between can be realized, so as to reach real-time monitoring of the package unit to environment inside car
The purpose of early warning.
Global system for mobile communications GSM is the most wide mobile communication network system of current China's coverage.Short message takes
Business SMS (Short Message Service) as a value-added service based on GSM network, cheap, service invariant,
In addition to the short message communication between mobile phone, SMS is also widely used for the field such as remote data acquisition and monitoring.In view of vehicle
The network condition of residing territorial environment, is under the covering of GSM mobile communications networks, so being taken through GSM network substantially
The mode for sending short message is fed back, and can meet the requirement of system real time and accuracy.
The content of the invention：
It is a kind of safe and can be dense with the timing automatic in-car various dusty gas of detection present invention aim at providing
Spend and when more than required standard value to user's transmission concentration alert messages and the device of support user's real-time query.
A kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology, the monitoring device include micro controller module,
In-car gaseous environment measurement module, Intelligent warning module, power supply module and battery.Wherein：
Power supply module is connected with battery, and power supply module is connected and with the electricity generation system of automobile for the battery charges；
Battery is connected with in-car gaseous environment measurement module, and in-car gaseous environment measurement module is connected with micro controller module, micro-control
Device module processed is connected with communication module, and communication module is connected with user mobile phone, and micro controller module is connected with Intelligent warning module.
The battery provides power supply for the controller module as stand-by power supply after the electric-control system of automobile is closed；
The in-car gaseous environment measurement module is all kinds of gas sensors, the 7NE series intelligence that gas sensor is selected
Energy sensor can perceive multiple gases change in concentration, and with voltage and serial data while the characteristics of exporting, is more favorable for
Develop, while the number of sensors for reducing collection multiple gases and using, saves interior space.
The micro controller module includes used STM32 microprocessors and the memory for being connected, due to in-car
The data of air pollutants detection means collection are numerous, acquisition system from high power capacity CF card data storages, and micro- places of STM32
Reason device extends mouth per se with CF card memorys, can in time store the gas data being collected into and the mark for prestoring various gases
Quasi- value.
The Intelligent warning module includes wireless communication module and sound and light alarm module, and Intelligent warning module is used
SIM900A modules, to realize the communication between microcontroller and user mobile phone.Micro controller module is by the in-car gaseous environment
The standard value prestored in the parameter that measurement module is obtained and the memory is compared, and based on comparative result control
The wireless communication module work, automotive vehicle owner is fed back to by in-vehicle information in time, while start in-car acoustic-optic alarm carrying
Wake up car owner.
Package unit in normal work, the status information that micro controller module will be received from environment inside car measurement module
Short message is compiled into, and controls wireless communication module to connect GSM network, send the short message.Meanwhile, by wireless communication module just
The short message enquiry that automotive vehicle owner sends really is received, and provides correct response, acousto-optic report can be started when gas concentration is exceeded in addition
Alarm device, car owner is fed back to by alert, so as to realize the real-time monitoring to in-car gas-condition and early warning.
To reach above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is a kind of in-vehicle exposure based on gsm communication technology
Gas controlling device, the implementation of the device is comprised the following steps：
A. dusty gas concentration information in in-car gaseous environment measurement module collecting vehicle, is then entered using serial ports with controller
Row communication, serial communication protocol uses MODBUS communications protocol, gas concentration, gas title, unit information used is incorporated into
One data frame is simultaneously sent to micro controller module and is processed；
B. micro controller module carries out the extraction of virtual value to the instruction for receiving and calculates according to communication protocol, works as concentration
Acoustic-optic alarm can be started during the value that is above standard, in addition can be by these information preparations into short message, by wireless communication module
Early warning information is sent to user mobile phone, is monitored under convenient situation unmanned in the car；
C. wireless communication module is responsible between controller module and user mobile phone as the part in Intelligent warning module
Radio communication is carried out, the inquiry life that user mobile phone sends is received simultaneously for sending early warning short message when gas concentration is exceeded
Order；
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that：
(1) gas-monitoring prior-warning device synthesis carbon monoxide of the invention, three kinds of factors of nitrogen oxides and formaldehyde are to in-car
The influence of gaseous environment, and unconventional single factors, improve the reasonability and accuracy of early warning information；
(2) automobile is in normal launch state, and vehicle computer system is connected for device is powered and be battery by USB interface
Charge, after automobile stops starting, battery can continue to be powered for device, package unit is persistently used；
(3) gas-monitoring result not only can remind car owner with the ring of warning device with flicker in the present invention, in addition also
User mobile phone can be sent to short message way, gsm module is responsible for the access of GSM network.When sending short message, disappear to short first
Breath is encoded, and AT instructions then are sent into gsm module, after being confirmed reply, then sends out what is encoded to gsm module
Short message.And by the way of short message is as monitoring, is advantageous in that and also can without Internet network covering area for countryside
Carry out monitor in real time；
(4) gas of the invention detection prior-warning device small volume, for automotive interior it is limited using space for, be
Extremely beneficial, save space.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is system theory of constitution figure involved in the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the description figure of reading carbonomonoxide concentration method involved in the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the description figure of reading nitrous oxides concentration method involved in the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the description figure of reading concentration of formaldehyde method involved in the present invention；
Fig. 5 is system main program flow chart involved in the present invention；
Fig. 6 is short message receiver module flow chart involved in the present invention；
Fig. 7 is data reception module flow chart involved in the present invention；
Fig. 8 is SMS transmission module flow chart involved in the present invention；
Fig. 9 is system implementing procedure figure involved in the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Invention specific embodiment is further illustrated below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
A kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology, the monitoring device include micro controller module,
In-car gaseous environment measurement module, Intelligent warning module and the part of power supply module four.Annexation between each several part and
Schematic diagram is as shown in Figure 1.
The hardware design of monitoring device includes four parts, the respectively circuit design of microcontroller minimum system, in-car gas
Body environment measurement Modular circuit design, serial communication circuit design and intelligent alarm circuit design.Below for each section electricity
Road design elaborates：
1st, controller minimum system circuit
Micro controller module is the core of package unit, and its main control chip is used based on ARM Cortex-M3 kernels
STM32F107VCT6 chips, dominant frequency 72MHz, the SRAM of the inside FLASH containing 256K bytes and 64K possess 2 RS-
232/485/ serial ports, 2 USB interfaces and for data storage expand SD card interface, in addition processor also possess 8 DI/DO
Passage, very easily can be used for processing the event of I/O ports.
32 embeded processors that controller module is used if it is intended to can normal work, minimum system circuit is
It is essential, it is divided into 4 parts：Power circuit, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit and JTAG debugging download circuit, are below carried out
Illustrate one by one.
(1) power circuit：The power source of package unit is in vehicle battery, and the battery tension of vehicle is 12V, core
The supply voltage of piece is 2.0V to 3.6V, so 12V voltages are switched into 5V by switching power source chip LM2576 first, is then selected
SPX1117-3.3 chips externally fed direct current 5V is converted into processor needed for direct current supply voltage 3.3V.Two are selected in addition
Individual 10uf/35V electric capacity improves the conversion accuracy of system voltage.In addition, electric capacity is being increased near the position of power pins
For energy storage, in case can ensure voltage within normal range (NR) when processor is in voltage decline abruptly.
(2) crystal oscillating circuit：STM32 chip internals have contained 8MHz high speed RC oscillating circuits, but do not reach very high
Precision requirement, so outside increase 25MHz crystal oscillating circuits, for system work reliable temporal reference is provided.
(3) reset circuit：Selected chip internal has been integrated with electrification reset and voltage detecting reset circuit, increases in addition
Plus manual reset circuit.Manual reset circuit needs artificially to add a high level on the RESET input RST, that is, in RST
End and an indirect button of positive supply Vcc, when artificially button is pressed, then+5V the level of Vcc will be applied directly to RST ends.
Why influence that manual reset circuit allow for the BOOT0 and BOOT1 of chip is designed, and user's selection is opened from user's flash memory
Dynamic, this is normal mode of operation.
(4) JTAG debugging download circuit：JTAG(Joint Test Action Group：Combined testing action group) be
A kind of international standard test protocol, is initially used to carry out chip testing, and general principle is to define a test in device inside to visit
The interface asked, is tested internal node by special jtag test instrument.The jtag interface of standard is 4 lines：TMS、
TCK, TDI, TDO, respectively model selection, clock, data input and DOL Data Output Line.The present apparatus increased a TRST and reset
Interface, this 5 interfaces correspond to the interfaces such as PA14, PA15, PB3, PA13, PB4 of chip respectively, then select pin multiplexing function
And mapping function, chip pin connection JTAG pin must add pull-up resistor.
More than satisfaction after the requirement of four partial circuits, chip minimum system just can normally run after the power-up, connect down
To need the data processing of expensive chip and receive transmission data function.
2nd, in-car gaseous environment measurement module circuit
In-vehicle exposure gas concentration information is obtained by sensor, and the output of sensor is all small analog signal, is
Extracting useful information needs to design corresponding modulate circuit so as to get useful digital information, and is obtained to improve
The accuracy of the analog signal for taking, eliminates the influence between front stage circuit, it is necessary to design voltage such as follows at the signal processing circuit.
But the 7NE/SO that the present apparatus is used2- 2000 intelligence sensors are the RS-485 output modules for employing MODBUS rtu protocols, it
The gas concentration value that will be collected is converted into RS485 signals, is exported in the way of serial data frame, so facilitate user debug and
Use, while the problems such as detection of gas species is various, each kind sensor is incompatible, production demarcates complicated is solved, so
Can just number of probes be reduced while saving interior space.Carried out using this intelligence sensor fast by the exploitation of device
Requirement of the speed response user to gas with various species detection, and need not re-scale.Serial data is chosen in addition as output
Mode eliminates the design of signal conditioning circuit, very convenient.
7NE sensors have 7 pins, are respectively positioning pins (hanging), VCC (+5V/+24V power inputs), GND
(), VOUT (voltage/current signals output), RXD (sensor serial ports receive pin), TXD (sensor serial ports sends pin), RDE
(serial ports output control pin connects 485 and sets low transmission).The way of output that the present apparatus is used is exported for serial data, and sensor is
RS485 communication modes, so RDE pins are set low, it is serial data frame thus to set output signal.And sensor serial ports is received
Pin RXD is connected with the transmission pin TXD of controller module, and sensor serial ports sends the reception of pin TXD and controller module
Pin RXD is connected；The output of sensor is not analog signal, so VOUT pins are not used vacantly.
3rd, serial communication circuit
Controller chip is supported to use the RS485 communication modes of sensor, and provides 5 road serial ports, so from
MAX485 chips realize the communication between sensor and controller as electrical level transferring chip, and agreement communicates association from MODBUS
View.MAX485 interface chips are worked using single power supply+5V, and using half duplex communication mode, it completes to be converted to Transistor-Transistor Logic level
The function of RS-485 level.
Chip has 8 pins, and driver and receiver are contained in inside.RO and DI ends are respectively the output and driving of receiver
The input of device, only needs to be connected respectively at the RXD and TXD of controller when being connected with controller；/ RE and DE ends are respectively
The Enable Pin for receiving and sending, when/RE is logical zero, device belongs to reception state；When DE is logic 1, device belongs to transmission
State, because MAX485 is operated in half-duplex state, a pin for only needing to controller controls the two pins；
Side a and b is respectively the differential signal end for receiving and sending, and when the level of A pins is higher than B, it is 1 to represent the data for sending；
When the level of A pins is less than B ends, it is 0 to represent the data for sending.It is that line is fairly simple when single-chip microcomputer is connected.Only need one
The reception and transmission of individual signal control MAX485, while build-out resistor will be added between A and B ends.
4th, Intelligent warning module circuit
In order to ensure can in time remind occupant, the warning device of the present apparatus when in-vehicle exposure gas concentration is exceeded
Function is provided and is constituted by light emitting diode, buzzer, gsm module.Composition is connected with buzzer first with LED light a kind of
Acoustic-optic alarm：Carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, formaldehyde three are represented respectively from red, yellow, blue three-color LED light
Gas is planted, when a kind of gas concentration in three kinds of gas is exceeded, corresponding LED light is lit, and starts buzzing
Device is alarmed.I/O mouthfuls directly with controller of LED light is connected, and when in-car certain gas concentration is exceeded, I/O mouthfuls of output is low
Level, diode current flow, corresponding indicator lamp is lit.Selection NPN type triode 8050 drives buzzer, input Beep electricity in addition
Put down during for high level, triode ON, buzzer call sends alarm.When Beep ends level is low level, triode is cut-off
State, buzzer no longer pipes.
When in-car gas concentration is exceeded, not only in-car acoustic-optic alarm can start working, but also can be in-car situation
Car owner is informed with short message mode, this mode in the car nobody and equally may be used in the case that in-vehicle air pollution situation is serious
It is very significant to be monitored, facilitates car owner to be taken immediate steps improvement in-car air quality in returning to car, while with
Family can also at any time inquire about in-car air quality situation by sending corresponding short message.In order to realize function above, three kinds of gas
Monitoring uses SIM900A wireless communication modules, and the transmission of data, instruction, information is carried out by serial ports and controller.
SIM900A modules under the covering of gsm mobile communication system common network by serial ports complete with controller module it
Between data, instruction transmission.The module embeds ICP/IP protocol, while also possessing AT command set interface, supports text and PDU moulds
The message function of formula.And the control to the communication of SIM900A modules is realized by software, this avoid excessive hardware letter
Number detection.
When serial ports design is carried out, although the operation level of SIM900A module serial port pins is CMOS level, controller string
The operation level of mouthful pin is Transistor-Transistor Logic level, but the logic judgment level of the low and high level of controller can realize the pipe of SIM900A
Pin is attached, therefore is directly attached the Serial Port Line of SIM900A modules and the Serial Port Line of controller module.
The NETLIGHT pins of SIM900A modules connect the working condition that an indicator lamp is used to refer to gsm module.
SIM900A is being controlled to realize that send function of receiving and sending short message is debugged by PC first with controller module, will
The reception of SIM900A, pin transmission respectively with USB-TTL modules is sent, pin is received and is connected ,+5V supply voltages, utilization
Sscom COM Debug Assistant softwares are debugged.
First determine whether module can normal work, by directly to being called in module, if phone can be got through, saying
Bright module normal work.Before using software, determine com port, it is determined that after open software, it is 9600 to set baud rate, chooses hair
Newline is sent, first instruction AT is then input into, first instruction AT herein has to capitalization, if OK is replied at interface, demonstrate,proves
It is bright to shake hands successfully, can continue to carry out downwards, send other instructions.
" AT+CMGF=1 " is sent first, setting short message format is TEXT patterns, replys OK；Then proceed to send " AT+
CMGS=' short message receivers number ' ", interface can now reply>；Then short message content is write, letter is only limited to numeral, boundary
Reply in face>；Finally send hexadecimal " 1A ", interface reply+CMGS:X OK, you can receive short message.
Above procedure need to only write the serial ports program of controller module after debugging successfully, the AT instructions required for adding are i.e.
It is capable of achieving the transmission receive capabilities of short message.
A kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step one, environment inside car gasmetry module is 7NE sensors dense by physical characteristic perception in-vehicle exposure gas
Degree change, the electric signal that will be obtained is transferred to controller module in the form of TTL serial data frames.Communication uses asynchronous serial side
Formula, message transmission rate is 9600bps, contains 1 start bit, 8 data bit, 1 stop position, 1 check bit, 1 stopping
Position.The sphere of action of verification includes all bytes before check byte, and its value is the XOR result between these bytes.
Step 2, controller module sends " command frame " to gasmetry module, and then sensor returns to " a response
Frame ", controller is calculated data block after receiving acknowledgement frame, and data block is incidental related to command word notebook data frame
Parameter or data.Then the data that will have been parsed are sent to user mobile phone by wireless communication module.
It is an available oxidation according to the method for reading data of accompanying drawing 2 according to serial communication protocol by taking carbon monoxide as an example
The concentration value of carbon.Its numerical value determines by two bytes, respectively gas concentration high position x1With gas concentration low level x2, and referring to
All represented with 16 systems in order, thus calculate concentration when need a high position be multiplied by 256 (i.e. the 100 of 16 systems) again with low level phase
Plus, computational methods are expressed as follows：
Y=(x1*0x100+x2)
Nitrogen oxides is similar to carbon monoxide to the concentration read method of formaldehyde, its Serial Port Transmission instruction format such as Fig. 3 with
Shown in Fig. 4, it is the content for representing byte shared by gas title to distinguish two kinds of gases, when this byte is 0x17 interval scale nitrogen oxygen
Compound concentration, is then concentration of formaldehyde when it is 0x22.Byte unification shared by gas concentration unit is 0x02, as ppm.
Step 3, when gas concentration is exceeded, using gsm module by the good gas concentration number of controller module Treatment Analysis
Short message mode is sent on car owner's mobile phone and starts acoustic-optic alarm simultaneously according to this.The SMS alarm mode of use is to utilize
SIM900A modules realize that AT Command Set is the bridge for realizing communicating between wireless transport module and selected mobile device, monolithic
Machine sends corresponding AT instructions to control the function of mobile device by serial ports to SIM900A modules, is carried out with GSM network business
Interaction.Existing wireless Modem all supports the AT command set that GSM07.05 specifies.The instruction set includes the control to SMS, with this
Related AT instructions mainly have：
(1) short message sends instruction：AT+CMGS
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGS=This instruction is test command, and it is OK to respond.
AT+CMGS=<da>[,<toda>]<CR>text is entered<ctrl-Z/ESC>
This order is mainly used in the transmission of short message, and it not only provides the short message sending of TEXT forms, can also provide PDU
The short message sending of form, this is set by CMGF instructions, and also provides test instruction.Present apparatus content of short message is not related to
Chinese, so using TEXT patterns, encoding relatively easy.If sent successfully, response is：+CMGS:<mr>；If sent
Fail, then response is：+CMS ERROR:<err>.In this instructs,<da>It is the destination address of character string forms, that is, receives
The phone number of short message, its type by<toda>To determine.<toda>It is address style identifier, when<da>Initial character
For+when,<toda>Value be integer value 145, i.e. international number type；Otherwise<toda>Value be integer value 129, i.e., unknown class
Type.This is instructed after parameter has been set, and is terminated with carriage-return character, is then input into the content of short message, and with character " CTRL-
Z " terminates.If cancel sending, terminated with character " ESC ".If sending the timestamp for successfully returning to service centre.Such as
Fruit sends unsuccessful, then return to error message.
(2) short message instruction is deleted：AT+CMGD
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGD=This instruction is test command, and it is OK to respond.
AT+CMGD=<index>[,<deflag>]
This instructs the deletion for short message, because the internal memory of mobile phone EMS memory or SIM is limited, it is therefore desirable to
The short message that deletion has been read.<index>Refer to value in the range of the address number that associative storage is supported；When<delflag>Value
For 0 when, that is, delete specified location number be<index>Short message.If deleted successfully, response is OK；If delete lost
Lose, then response is+CMS ERROR:<err>.
(3) selection short message format instruction：AT+CMGF
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGF=[<mode>]
This is instructed for the input for setting specified short message and transmission form, when<mode>Value when being set to 0, then for
PDU patterns；If will<mode>Value be set to 1, then be TEXT text formattings.After being provided with, it is OK to operate successfully its response.
The present apparatus under TEXT patterns can complete design requirement, so its value is set into 1.
(4) sms center sets instruction：AT+CSCA
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CSCA=<sca>[,<tosca>]
This is instructed for setting sms center, if operated successfully, response is+CSCA：<sca><tosca>OK.Ring
In answering<sca>It is the address of sms center；<tosca>It is service centre address form.Returned if mistake：+CME
ERROR:<err>。
SMS alarm process takes the programming logos of modularization and structuring, is programmed using C language, by each mould
Expectation function is realized in the control co-ordination of block.After program starts, close total interruption and be then turned on, then each module is carried out just
Beginningization, closes data receiver and interrupts, and each data receiver array is reset, and judges whether to perform interruption afterwards, produces after interrupting i.e.
Interruption configuration processor is transferred to, main flow chart is as shown in Figure 5.
If wherein received into short message interrupted, the character string that will can be received is stored in array, then judges whether data connect
Harvest whole, then judged whether to receive message according to return value, data receiver is opened if receiving and is interrupted and is closed SIM
Card short message is received interrupts, and jumps out.The flow chart of short message receiver module is as shown in Figure 6.
Data receiver interruption is entered into, the data that will be received are stored in array, then judge whether data receiver is complete, so
The low byte high of data is stored in array afterwards, is finally 1 by short message sending mark position, completed data receiver and allow short message
It is sent to user mobile phone.The flow chart of data reception module is as shown in Figure 7.
In addition, user can also first determine whether to send flag bit by sending the commands to data acquisition of control realization
Whether count_send is 1, when it is 1 to send flag bit, character format is set into GSM forms, sets short message centre number
It is subscriber phone number, setting text formatting is text (TEXT) form, then editing short message transmission content, is instructed with AT and completed
Short message sending, realizes expected function.Its flow chart is as shown in Figure 8.
The process that whole system of the present invention is implemented is as shown in Figure 9.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology, it is characterised in that：The monitoring device includes micro-control
Device module processed, in-car gaseous environment measurement module, Intelligent warning module, power supply module and battery；Wherein：
Power supply module is connected with battery, and power supply module is connected and with the electricity generation system of automobile for the battery charges；Electric power storage
Pond is connected with in-car gaseous environment measurement module, and in-car gaseous environment measurement module is connected with micro controller module, microcontroller
Module is connected with communication module, and communication module is connected with user mobile phone, and micro controller module is connected with Intelligent warning module；
The battery provides power supply for the controller module as stand-by power supply after the electric-control system of automobile is closed；
The in-car gaseous environment measurement module is all kinds of gas sensors, and the 7NE Series Intelligents that gas sensor is selected are passed
Sensor can perceive multiple gases change in concentration, and with voltage and serial data while the characteristics of exporting, is more favorable for exploitation
Utilize, while the number of sensors for reducing collection multiple gases and using, saves interior space；
The micro controller module includes used STM32 microprocessors and the memory for being connected, due to in-car air
The data of pollutant testing apparatus collection are numerous, acquisition system from high power capacity CF card data storages, and STM32 microprocessors
Mouth is extended per se with CF card memorys, the gas data being collected into and the standard for prestoring various gases can be in time stored
Value；
The Intelligent warning module includes wireless communication module and sound and light alarm module, and Intelligent warning module uses SIM900A moulds
Block, to realize the communication between microcontroller and user mobile phone；Micro controller module is by the in-car gaseous environment measurement module
The standard value prestored in the parameter for obtaining and the memory is compared, and described wireless based on comparative result control
Communication module is worked, and in-vehicle information is fed back into automotive vehicle owner in time, while starting in-car acoustic-optic alarm reminds car owner；
Package unit in normal work, work out by the status information that micro controller module will be received from environment inside car measurement module
Into short message, and control wireless communication module to connect GSM network, send the short message；Meanwhile, correctly connect by wireless communication module
The short message enquiry that automotive vehicle owner sends is received, and provides correct response, sound and light alarm dress can be started when gas concentration is exceeded in addition
Put, alert is fed back into car owner, so as to realize the real-time monitoring to in-car gas-condition and early warning.
2. a kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：The implementation of the device is comprised the following steps：
A. dusty gas concentration information in in-car gaseous environment measurement module collecting vehicle, is then led to using serial ports with controller
Letter, serial communication protocol uses MODBUS communications protocol, and gas concentration, gas title, unit information used are incorporated into one
Data frame is simultaneously sent to micro controller module and is processed；
B. micro controller module carries out the extraction of virtual value to the instruction for receiving and calculates according to communication protocol, when concentration exceedes
Acoustic-optic alarm can be started during standard value, in addition can be by these information preparations into short message, will be pre- by wireless communication module
Alert information is sent to user mobile phone, is monitored under convenient situation unmanned in the car；
C. wireless communication module is responsible for being carried out between controller module and user mobile phone as the part in Intelligent warning module
Radio communication, the querying command that user mobile phone sends is received for sending early warning short message when gas concentration is exceeded simultaneously.
3. a kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：
The hardware design of monitoring device includes four parts, the respectively circuit design of microcontroller minimum system, in-car Ring
Border measurement module circuit design, serial communication circuit design and intelligent alarm circuit design；Set below for each section circuit
Meter elaborates：
1st, controller minimum system circuit
Micro controller module is the core of package unit, and its main control chip is used based on ARM Cortex-M3 kernels
STM32F107VCT6 chips, dominant frequency 72MHz, the SRAM of the inside FLASH containing 256K bytes and 64K, possess 2 RS-232/
485/ serial ports, 2 USB interfaces and for data storage expand SD card interface, in addition processor also possess 8 DI/DO passages；
32 embeded processors that controller module is used if it is intended to can normal work, minimum system circuit is must not
Can lack, be divided into 4 parts：Power circuit, crystal oscillating circuit, reset circuit and JTAG debugging download circuit, are below carried out one by one
Explanation；
(1) power circuit：The power source of package unit is in vehicle battery, and the battery tension of vehicle is 12V, chip
Supply voltage is 2.0V to 3.6V, so 12V voltages are switched into 5V by switching power source chip LM2576 first, is then selected
SPX1117-3.3 chips externally fed direct current 5V is converted into processor needed for direct current supply voltage 3.3V；
(2) crystal oscillating circuit：STM32 chip internals have contained 8MHz high speed RC oscillating circuits, but do not reach essence very high
Accuracy requirement, so increase 25MHz crystal oscillating circuits in outside, for system work provides reliable temporal reference；
(3) reset circuit：Selected chip internal has been integrated with electrification reset and voltage detecting reset circuit, and hand is increased in addition
Dynamic reset circuit；Manual reset circuit need it is artificial on the RESET input RST plus a high level, that is, at RST ends and
An indirect button of positive supply Vcc, when artificially button is pressed, then+5V the level of Vcc will be applied directly to RST ends；
(4) JTAG debugging download circuit：Internal node is tested by special jtag test instrument；The JTAG of standard connects
Mouth is 4 lines：TMS, TCK, TDI, TDO, respectively model selection, clock, data input and DOL Data Output Line；The present apparatus increased
One TRST reseting interface, this 5 interfaces correspond to PA14, PA15, PB3, PA13, PB4 interface of chip respectively, and then selection is drawn
Pin is multiplexed function and mapping function, and the pin of chip pin connection JTAG must add pull-up resistor；
More than satisfaction after the requirement of four partial circuits, chip minimum system just can normally run after the power-up, next need
Want the data processing of expensive chip and receive transmission data function；
2nd, in-car gaseous environment measurement module circuit
But the 7NE/SO that the present apparatus is used2- 2000 intelligence sensors are the RS-485 output moulds for employing MODBUS rtu protocols
Block, the gas concentration value that it will be collected is converted into RS485 signals, is exported in the way of serial data frame；
7NE sensors have 7 pins, are respectively positioning pins, VCC, GND, VOUT, RXD, TXD, RDE；It is defeated that the present apparatus is used
Go out mode for serial data is exported, sensor is RS485 communication modes, so RDE pins are set low, thus sets output signal
It is serial data frame；And sensor serial ports receives pin RXD and is connected with the transmission pin TXD of controller module, sensor serial ports
Pin TXD is sent to be connected with the reception pin RXD of controller module；The output of sensor is not analog signal, so VOUT
Pin is not used vacantly；
3rd, serial communication circuit
Controller chip is supported to use the RS485 communication modes of sensor, and provides 5 road serial ports, so from MAX485
Chip realizes the communication between sensor and controller as electrical level transferring chip, and agreement selects MODBUS communications protocol；
MAX485 interface chips are worked using single power supply+5V, and using half duplex communication mode, it completes for Transistor-Transistor Logic level to be converted to RS-
The function of 485 level；
Chip has 8 pins, and driver and receiver are contained in inside；RO and DI ends are respectively output and the driver of receiver
Input, only needs to be connected respectively at the RXD and TXD of controller when being connected with controller；/ RE and DE ends are respectively reception
With the Enable Pin for sending, when/RE is logical zero, device belongs to reception state；When DE is logic 1, device belongs to transmission shape
State, because MAX485 is operated in half-duplex state, a pin for only needing to controller controls the two pins；A
End and B ends are respectively the differential signal end for receiving and sending, and when the level of A pins is higher than B, it is 1 to represent the data for sending；When
When the level of A pins is less than B ends, it is 0 to represent the data for sending；It is that line is fairly simple when single-chip microcomputer is connected；Only need one
The reception and transmission of signal control MAX485, while build-out resistor will be added between A and B ends；
4th, Intelligent warning module circuit
The warning device of the present apparatus is provided function and is constituted by light emitting diode, buzzer, gsm module；First with LED light
A kind of acoustic-optic alarm of composition is connected with buzzer：An oxygen is represented respectively from red, yellow, blue three-color LED light
Change carbon, nitrogen oxides, three kinds of gases of formaldehyde, when a kind of gas concentration in three kinds of gas is exceeded, corresponding LED light
It is lit, and starts buzzer warning；I/O mouthfuls directly with controller of LED light is connected, when in-car certain gas concentration
When exceeded, I/O mouthfuls of output low level, diode current flow, corresponding indicator lamp is lit；Selection NPN type triode 8050 is driven in addition
Dynamic buzzer, when input Beep level is high level, triode ON, buzzer call sends alarm；Beep ends level is low
During level, triode is cut-off state, and buzzer no longer pipes；
When in-car gas concentration is exceeded, not only in-car acoustic-optic alarm can start working, but also can be in-car situation with short
Letter mode informs car owner, this mode in the car nobody and can equally enter in the case that in-vehicle air pollution situation is serious
Row monitoring is very significant, facilitates car owner to be taken immediate steps improvement in-car air quality in returning to car, while user is also
In-car air quality situation can be at any time inquired about by sending corresponding short message；In order to realize function above, three kinds of gases are used
SIM900A wireless communication modules, the transmission of data, instruction, information is carried out by serial ports and controller；
SIM900A modules are completed and controller module between under the covering of gsm mobile communication system common network by serial ports
Data, instruction transmission；The module embeds ICP/IP protocol, while also possess AT command set interface, supports text and PDU patterns
Message function；And the control to the communication of SIM900A modules is realized by software, this avoid excessive hardware signal
Detection.
4. a kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：
When serial ports design is carried out, although the operation level of SIM900A module serial port pins is CMOS level, controller serial ports pipe
The operation level of pin is Transistor-Transistor Logic level, but the logic judgment level of the low and high level of controller can realize that the pin of SIM900A enters
Row connection, therefore be directly attached the Serial Port Line of SIM900A modules and the Serial Port Line of controller module；SIM900A
The NETLIGHT pins of module connect the working condition that an indicator lamp is used to refer to gsm module；
SIM900A is being controlled to realize that send function of receiving and sending short message is debugged by PC first with controller module, will
The reception of SIM900A, pin transmission respectively with USB-TTL modules is sent, pin is received and is connected ,+5V supply voltages, utilization
Sscom COM Debug Assistant softwares are debugged；
First determine whether module can normal work, by directly to being called in module, if phone can be got through, illustrating mould
Block normal work；Before using software, determine com port, it is determined that after open software, it is 9600 to set baud rate, chooses transmission new
OK, first instruction AT is then input into, first instruction AT herein has to capitalization, if OK is replied at interface, proves to hold
Hand success, can continue to carry out downwards, send other instructions；
" AT+CMGF=1 " is sent first, setting short message format is TEXT patterns, replys OK；Then proceed to send " AT+CMGS
=' short message receiver number ' ", interface can now reply>；Then short message content is write, letter and numeral is only limited to, interface is returned
It is multiple>；Finally send hexadecimal " 1A ", interface reply+CMGS:X OK, you can receive short message；
Above procedure need to only write the serial ports program of controller module after debugging successfully, the AT required for adding is real by instructing
The transmission receive capabilities of existing short message.
5. a kind of in-vehicle exposure gas controlling device based on gsm communication technology according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：
Step one, environment inside car gasmetry module is that 7NE sensors perceive the change of in-vehicle exposure gas concentration by physical characteristic
Change, the electric signal that will be obtained is transferred to controller module in the form of TTL serial data frames；Communication uses asynchronous serial mode,
Message transmission rate is 9600bps, contains 1 start bit, 8 data bit, 1 stop position, 1 check bit, 1 stop position；
The sphere of action of verification includes all bytes before check byte, and its value is the XOR result between these bytes；
Step 2, controller module sends " command frame " to gasmetry module, and then sensor returns to one " acknowledgement frame ", control
Device processed is calculated data block after receiving acknowledgement frame, and data block is the incidental parameter related to command word of notebook data frame
Or data；Then the data that will have been parsed are sent to user mobile phone by wireless communication module；
It is the concentration value that can obtain carbon monoxide according to method for reading data according to serial communication protocol in carbon monoxide monitoring；
Its numerical value determines by two bytes, respectively gas concentration high position x1With gas concentration low level x2, and all enter with 16 in instruction
Tabulation is shown, so need a high position to be multiplied by 256 (i.e. the 100 of 16 systems) when concentration is calculated being added with low level again, computational methods table
State as follows：
Y=(x1*0x100+x2)
Nitrogen oxides is similar to carbon monoxide to the concentration read method of formaldehyde, and its Serial Port Transmission instruction format distinguishes two kinds of gases
It is the content for representing byte shared by gas title, when this byte is 0x17 interval scale nitrous oxides concentrations, when it is 0x22
Shi Zewei concentration of formaldehyde；Byte unification shared by gas concentration unit is 0x02, as ppm；
Step 3, when gas concentration is exceeded, using gsm module by the good gas concentration data of controller module Treatment Analysis with
Short message mode is sent on car owner's mobile phone and starts acoustic-optic alarm simultaneously；The SMS alarm mode of use is to utilize SIM900A
Module realizes that AT Command Set is the bridge for realizing communicating between wireless transport module and selected mobile device, and single-chip microcomputer passes through
Serial ports sends corresponding AT instructions to control the function of mobile device to SIM900A modules, is interacted with GSM network business；
Existing wireless Modem all supports the AT command set that GSM07.05 specifies；The instruction set includes the control to SMS, related to this
AT instruction mainly have：
(1) short message sends instruction：AT+CMGS
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGS=This instruction is test command, and it is OK to respond；
AT+CMGS=<da>[,<toda>]<CR>text is entered<ctrl-Z/ESC>
This order is mainly used in the transmission of short message, and it not only provides the short message sending of TEXT forms, can also provide PDU forms
Short message sending, this is set by CMGF instructions, and also provide test instruction；During present apparatus content of short message is not related to
Text, so using TEXT patterns, encoding relatively easy；If sent successfully, response is：+CMGS:<mr>；If send lost
Lose, then response is：+CMS ERROR:<err>；In this instructs,<da>It is the destination address of character string forms, that is, receives short
The phone number of message, its type by<toda>To determine；<toda>It is address style identifier, when<da>Initial character be
+ when,<toda>Value be integer value 145, i.e. international number type；Otherwise<toda>Value be integer value 129, i.e., unknown class
Type；This is instructed after parameter has been set, and is terminated with carriage-return character, is then input into the content of short message, and with character " CTRL-
Z " terminates；If cancel sending, terminated with character " ESC "；If sending the timestamp for successfully returning to service centre；Such as
Fruit sends unsuccessful, then return to error message；
(2) short message instruction is deleted：AT+CMGD
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGD=This instruction is test command, and it is OK to respond；
AT+CMGD=<index>[,<deflag>]
This instructs the deletion for short message, because the internal memory of mobile phone EMS memory or SIM is limited, it is therefore desirable to delete
The short message read；<index>Refer to value in the range of the address number that associative storage is supported；When<delflag>Value be 0
When, that is, deleting specified location number is<index>Short message；If deleted successfully, response is OK；If deleting failure,
Then response is+CMS ERROR:<err>；
(3) selection short message format instruction：AT+CMGF
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CMGF=[<mode>]
This is instructed for the input for setting specified short message and transmission form, when<mode>Value when being set to 0, then be PDU
Pattern；If will<mode>Value be set to 1, then be TEXT text formattings；After being provided with, it is OK to operate successfully its response；This
Complete design requirement by being operated in where under TEXT patterns is wished, so its value is set into 1；
(4) sms center sets instruction：AT+CSCA
Specific instruction format is as follows：
AT+CSCA=<sca>[,<tosca>]
This is instructed for setting sms center, if operated successfully, response is+CSCA：<sca><tosca>OK；In response
's<sca>It is the address of sms center；<tosca>It is service centre address form；Returned if mistake：+CME ERROR:<
err>；
SMS alarm process takes the programming logos of modularization and structuring, is programmed using C language, by each module
Co-ordination is controlled to realize expectation function；After program starts, close total interruption and be then turned on, then each module is carried out initially
Change, close data receiver and interrupt, each data receiver array is reset, judge whether to perform interruption afterwards, turn after producing interruption
Enter to interrupt configuration processor；
If wherein received into short message interrupted, the character string that will can be received is stored in array, then judges whether data have received
It is whole, then judged whether to receive message according to return value, open that data receiver is interrupted and to close SIM short if receiving
Letter is received and interrupted, and is jumped out；
Data receiver interruption is entered into, the data that will be received are stored in array, then judge whether data receiver is complete, then will
The low byte high of data is stored in array, is finally 1 by short message sending mark position, completes data receiver and allows short message sending
To user mobile phone；
In addition, user can also first determine whether to send flag bit by sending the commands to data acquisition of control realization
Whether count_send is 1, when it is 1 to send flag bit, character format is set into GSM forms, sets short message centre number
It is subscriber phone number, setting text formatting is text formatting, then editing short message transmission content, is instructed with AT and complete short message hair
Send, realize expected function.
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