CN106706118B - Operation condition transmission path analysis method based on blind source separation technology - Google Patents
Operation condition transmission path analysis method based on blind source separation technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an operation condition transmission path analysis method based on a blind source separation technology, which aims to eliminate the problem of mutual crosstalk between vibration sources in the traditional operation condition transmission path analysis method and improve the calculation and analysis precision of transmission path contribution amount, firstly, a mechanical system to be analyzed is designed into a test condition and test condition data is measured, then, blind source separation processing is carried out to obtain a separation signal under each test condition, an OTPA linear system equation is established and solved according to the separation signal under the test condition and a response signal of a target point to obtain a transmission rate function matrix, then, a reference point response signal of the mechanical system to be analyzed under the actual condition is measured, blind source separation processing is carried out to obtain a separation signal, the separation signal under the actual condition is multiplied by the identified transmission rate function matrix to obtain a transmission path contribution amount result, and different path contribution amounts are sequenced, and obtaining the contribution amount ratio of each transmission path, and completing the transmission path analysis of the operation condition.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of vibration and noise reduction of mechanical equipment, in particular to an operation condition transmission path analysis method based on a blind source separation technology.
Background
The sound stealth performance of the underwater vehicle is an important index for measuring the safety and the operational capability of the underwater vehicle; vibration noise of cars and high-speed trains is an important index for evaluating vehicle performance. Therefore, effective monitoring and control of the vibration noise of the mechanical equipment have important engineering significance for improving the performance of the equipment. Controlling the transmission path of vibration or noise by applying damping or sound absorbing materials is a very effective method in vibration and noise reduction, wherein the identification of the vibration or noise transmission path is the key of the problem, the Transmission Path Analysis (TPA) or the operation condition transmission path analysis (OTPA) is often adopted to identify the vibration or noise transmission path at present, the traditional transmission path analysis method is difficult to quickly and effectively identify the transmission path in engineering practice due to the complex frequency response function test and load identification process, the transmission path analysis method under the operating condition is a transmission path quick analysis method appearing in recent years, the method utilizes the test working condition data to identify the transfer interest rate function matrix and uses the transfer interest rate function matrix for the actual working condition data, therefore, the method is simple and quick and is widely applied to engineering practice.
However, in the implementation process of the OTPA method, the measured reference point response signals are the result of mixing the signals of the vibration sources due to the mutual crosstalk between the vibration sources, and the characteristics of the vibration sources cannot be accurately reflected, so that a large error exists in the path contribution amount calculated by the OTPA.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention discloses an operation condition transmission path analysis method based on a blind source separation technology, which can eliminate the problem of mutual crosstalk between vibration sources in the traditional operation condition transmission path analysis method and improve the calculation and analysis precision of the contribution of the transmission path.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the method comprises the following steps:
1) setting a plurality of test working conditions for the mechanical system to be analyzed, selecting a position close to a vibration source as a reference point, and taking the position to be analyzed as a target point;
2) starting the machine to enable the mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under each test working condition, and measuring response signals of the reference point and the target point under each test working condition to obtain response signals of the reference point and the target point under all test working conditions;
3) taking the reference point response signal under each test working condition as an input signal, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by adopting a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under each test working condition;
4) establishing an OTPA linear system equation according to the separation signal under the test condition and the response signal of the target point and solving to obtain a transfer rate function matrix;
5) the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling a mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under an actual working condition, and measuring a response signal of a reference point under the actual working condition;
6) taking the reference point response signal under the actual working condition as an input signal, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by adopting a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under the actual working condition;
7) multiplying the separation signal obtained in the step 6) under the actual working condition with the transfer rate function matrix obtained in the step 4) to obtain different transfer path contribution amounts, sequencing the different transfer path contribution amounts to obtain the contribution amount ratio of each transfer path, and completing the analysis of the transfer path under the operating condition.
The type number of the test working conditions in the step 1) is larger than the number of the reference points.
And measuring a response signal by adopting a vibration acceleration sensor in the step 2) and the step 5).
The blind source separation treatment process comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, writing the reference point response signal under each working condition into a reference point response signal matrixOne reference point response signal is generated for each behavior of the matrix, the reference point response signal matrix is input into a blind source separation tool box, and an initial separation signal matrix under each working condition is obtained through calculationAnd fast Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a reference point response signal frequency spectrum matrix under each working conditionAnd an initial separation signal spectrum matrix
Then based on a priori knowledgeEach initial separation signal under each working condition is corresponding to each vibration source, so that each initial separation signal is subjected to frequency spectrum analysisResponsive to each reference point signal spectrum XijIn correspondence with it, willAnd XijIn contrast, one of the frequency components which is not affected by crosstalk is taken, and the amplitude of the frequency component corresponding to the frequency spectrum of the initial separation signal is correctedThe amplitude of the corresponding frequency component of the corresponding reference point response signal frequency spectrum is Xij(ω)，As a scale factor, multiplying the full-band amplitude of the spectrum of the initial separation signal by the scale factor to obtain a separation signal
In the step 4), an OTPA linear system equation is constructed according to the separation signal and the response signal of the target point under the test condition, where the OTPA linear system equation is:in the formula, T is a transfer rate function matrix to be solved, S is a separation signal matrix under the test working condition, Y is a target point response signal matrix under the test working condition, r is the number of reference points, n is the number of target points, m is the number of types of the test working condition, S is a separation signal under the test working condition, and Y is a target point response signal under the test working condition.
The solving process of the OTPA linear system equation comprises the following steps:
firstly, singular value decomposition is carried out on a separation signal matrix S under a test working condition, and the singular value decomposition result is obtained as follows:wherein U is an orthogonal column vector, and U is [ U ═ U1,u2,...um]∈Rm×m(ii) a V is an orthogonal row vector, V ═ V1,v2,...vn]∈Rn×n(ii) a Sigma is diagonal matrix, sigma is diag1,σ2,...σn]∈Rm×n；σjBeing singular values, σ1≥σ2≥,...σl≥σl+1＝,...,＝σn0, l is the matrix A ∈ Rm×n(m.gtoreq.n) rank;
then according to the linear system equation of OTPA, the formula is obtained by deformation: t ═ S+Y, in the formula S+Separating the pseudo-inverse of the signal matrix S under the test condition; substituting the singular value decomposition result of the separation signal matrix S under the test condition into the formula T ═ S+In Y, the result of the transfer rate function matrix is obtained:in the formulaIs a matrix of transfer rate functions, phijFor the filter factor, ω is the frequency.
Said filter factor phijThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:λ is the regularization parameter.
The regularization parameter lambda is determined by an L curve method.
Compared with the prior art, the invention designs the test working condition of the mechanical system to be analyzed and measures the test working condition data, uses the blind source separation tool box to carry out blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal to obtain the separation signal under each working condition, establishes an OTPA linear system equation according to the separation signal under the test working condition and the response signal of the target point, applies the damping singular value decomposition algorithm to solve the ill-conditioned equation to obtain a transfer rate function matrix, then measures the reference point response signal of the mechanical system to be analyzed under the actual working condition, uses the blind source separation tool box to carry out blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal under the actual working condition to obtain the separation signal under the actual working condition, multiplies the separation signal under the actual working condition with the identified transfer rate function matrix to obtain the transfer path contribution results, and sorts the different path contributions, the contribution ratio of each transmission path is obtained, and the transmission path analysis of the operation condition is completed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a diagram of a test stand layout according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2a is a diagram illustrating the path contribution of a vibration source A calculated by a conventional method; FIG. 2b is a diagram illustrating the calculated contribution of the vibration source A path; FIG. 2c is a theoretical value of the contribution of the path of the vibration source A; FIG. 2d is a graph illustrating the contribution of the B path of the vibration source calculated by the conventional method; FIG. 2e is a graph showing the contribution of the B path of the vibration source calculated by the method of the present invention; FIG. 2f is a theoretical value of the contribution of the vibration source B path.
Detailed Description
The invention is further explained below with reference to specific embodiments and the drawing of the description.
The invention specifically comprises the following steps:
1) setting a plurality of test working conditions for the mechanical system to be analyzed, selecting a position close to a vibration source as a reference point, wherein the position to be analyzed is a target point, and the number of types of the test working conditions is greater than that of the reference points;
2) starting the machine to enable the mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under each test working condition, and measuring response signals of the reference point and the target point under each test working condition by adopting a vibration acceleration sensor to obtain response signals of the reference point and the target point under all test working conditions;
3) taking the reference point response signal under each test working condition as an input signal of a blind source separation technology, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by using a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under each working condition; the blind source separation treatment process comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, writing the reference point response signal under each working condition into a reference point response signal matrixOne reference point response signal is input into the blind source separation tool box for each behavior of the matrix, and the initial separation signal matrix under each working condition is obtained through calculationAnd fast Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a reference point response signal frequency spectrum matrix under each working conditionAnd an initial separation signal spectrum matrix
Then, each initial separation signal under each working condition is corresponding to each vibration source according to the prior knowledge, so that each initial separation signal frequency spectrumResponsive to each reference point signal spectrum XijIn correspondence with it, willAnd XijIn contrast, one of the frequency components which is not affected by crosstalk is selected, and the amplitude of the spectrum of the initial separation signal is corrected, for example, the frequency component of ω Hz is selected, and the amplitude of the spectrum of the initial separation signal corresponding to the frequency component isThe amplitude of the corresponding reference point response signal frequency spectrum corresponding to the frequency component is Xij(ω)，Multiplying the full-band amplitude of the spectrum of the initial separation signal by a scale factor to obtain a separation signal
4) Establishing an OTPA linear system equation according to the separation signal under the test condition and the response signal of the target point and solving to obtain a transfer rate function matrix; the linear system equation of OTPA is:
in the formula, T is a transfer rate function matrix to be solved, S is a separation signal matrix under a test working condition, Y is a target point response signal matrix under the test working condition, r is the number of reference points, n is the number of target points, m is the number of types of the test working condition, S is a separation signal under the test working condition, and Y is a target point response signal under the test working condition;
the solving process of the OTPA linear system equation is as follows:
firstly, singular value decomposition is carried out on a separation signal matrix S under a test working condition, and the singular value decomposition result is obtained as follows:wherein U is an orthogonal column vector, and U is [ U ═ U1,u2,...um]∈Rm×m(ii) a V is an orthogonal row vector, V ═ V1,v2,...vn]∈Rn×n(ii) a Sigma is diagonal matrix, sigma is diag1,σ2,...σn]∈Rm×n；σjBeing singular values, σ1≥σ2≥,...σl≥σl+1＝,...,＝σn0, l is the matrix A ∈ Rm×n(m.gtoreq.n) rank;
then according to the linear system equation of OTPA, the formula is obtained by deformation: t ═ S+Y, in the formula S+Separating the pseudo-inverse of the signal matrix S under the test condition; substituting the singular value decomposition result of the separation signal matrix S under the test condition into the formula T ═ S+In Y, is transmittedRate function matrix results:in the formulaIs a matrix of transfer rate functions, omega is frequency, phijAs a filter factor, a filter factor phijThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:lambda is a regularization parameter, and the regularization parameter lambda is determined by adopting an L curve method;
5) the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling a mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under an actual working condition, and measuring a response signal of a reference point under the actual working condition by adopting a vibration acceleration sensor;
6) and taking the reference point response signal under the actual working condition as an input signal of a blind source separation technology, and carrying out blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by using a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under the actual working condition.
7) Multiplying the separation signal obtained in the step 6) under the actual working condition with the transfer rate function matrix obtained in the step 4) to obtain different transfer path contribution amounts, sequencing the different transfer path contribution amounts to obtain the contribution amount ratio of each transfer path, and completing the analysis of the transfer path under the operating condition.
Referring to fig. 1, a layout diagram of the test bed is shown, two motors with eccentric blocks are used as vibration sources, which are marked as a vibration source a and a vibration source B, corresponding reference points are respectively a point a and a point B, a target point is marked as a point T, corresponding position relations are shown in fig. 1, the point a and the point B are respectively located at two pairs of flat plate positions of the test bed with the plate-shell structure, the distance is about 0.5m, the distance between the point a and the point a is 0.05m, the distance between the point B and the point B is 0.05m, and the distance between the vibration source and the target point T is about 1 m.
The specific steps of the embodiment are as follows:
1) the method comprises the following steps of (1) obtaining 5 mutually independent test working conditions by changing the rotating speed of a motor under the design test working condition of a mechanical system to be analyzed, wherein the test working conditions are shown in a table;
| vibration source A rotation speed (rotation/minute) | Vibration source B rotating speed (r/min) | |
| Working condition 1 | 358 | 468 |
| Working condition 2 | 678 | 968 |
| Working condition 3 | 824 | 648 |
| Working condition 4 | 1174 | 960 |
| Working condition 5 | 1256 | 1034 |
2) Measuring response signals of a reference point and a target point under each test working condition by adopting a vibration acceleration sensor;
3) taking the reference point response signal under each test working condition as an input signal of a blind source separation technology, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by using a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under each working condition;
4) establishing an OTPA linear system equation and solving by adopting a reference point response signal under a test condition and a separation signal under the test condition and a response signal of a target point respectively to obtain transfer rate function matrixes of the two methods;
5) measuring a reference point response signal of the mechanical system to be analyzed under the actual working condition, wherein the rotating speed of the vibration source under the actual working condition is shown in a table;
| vibration source A rotation speed (rotation/minute) | Vibration source B rotating speed (r/min) | |
| Actual conditions | 540 | 744 |
6) Taking the reference point response signal under the actual working condition as an input signal of a blind source separation technology, and carrying out blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by using a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under the actual working condition;
7) multiplying the reference point response signal under the actual working condition by the transfer rate function matrix identified by the reference point response signal under the test working condition in the step 4) to obtain a transfer path contribution result of the traditional method; and multiplying the separation signal under the actual working condition by the transfer rate function matrix identified by the separation signal under the test working condition in the step 4) to obtain the transfer path contribution result of the method. And sequencing the contribution amounts of different transmission paths to obtain the contribution amount ratio of each transmission path, and completing the analysis of the transmission paths under the operating condition.
The regularization parameter in the present invention is determined to be 0.001 using the L-curve criterion, and the path contribution analysis results shown in fig. 2a to 2f are obtained. Wherein, 12.4Hz in fig. 2a, 2B, 2c is the frequency of the vibration source a, the amplitude at the frequency is taken as the path contribution amount of the vibration source a, fig. 2a is the result obtained by the traditional method, fig. 2B is the result obtained by the method of the present invention, fig. 2c is the theoretical value of the path contribution amount measured at the target point in the experiment, 9.0Hz in fig. 2d, 2e, 2f is the frequency of the vibration source B, the amplitude at the frequency is taken as the path contribution amount of the vibration source B, the same is true, the result obtained by the traditional method is subtracted from the theoretical value and divided by the theoretical value to obtain the relative error of the path contribution amount of the traditional method, the result obtained by the method of the present invention is subtracted from the theoretical value and divided by the theoretical value to obtain the relative error of the path contribution amount of the method of the present invention, as shown:
therefore, compared with the traditional method, the operation condition transmission path analysis method based on the blind source separation technology can greatly reduce crosstalk influence, reduce transmission path contribution error and has a good effect on improving transmission path analysis precision.
Claims (6)
1. A method for analyzing an operation condition transmission path based on a blind source separation technology is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) setting a plurality of test working conditions for the mechanical system to be analyzed, selecting a position close to a vibration source as a reference point, and taking the position to be analyzed as a target point;
2) starting the machine to enable the mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under each test working condition, and measuring response signals of the reference point and the target point under each test working condition to obtain response signals of the reference point and the target point under all test working conditions;
3) taking the reference point response signal under each test working condition as an input signal, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by adopting a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under each test working condition;
4) establishing an OTPA linear system equation according to the separation signal under the test condition and the response signal of the target point and solving to obtain a transfer rate function matrix;
5) the method comprises the following steps of (1) enabling a mechanical system to be analyzed to operate under an actual working condition, and measuring a response signal of a reference point under the actual working condition;
6) taking the reference point response signal under the actual working condition as an input signal, and performing blind source separation processing on the reference point response signal by adopting a blind source separation tool box to obtain a separation signal under the actual working condition;
7) multiplying the separation signal obtained in the step 6) under the actual working condition with the transfer rate function matrix obtained in the step 4) to obtain different transfer path contribution amounts, sequencing the different transfer path contribution amounts to obtain the contribution amount ratio of each transfer path, and completing the analysis of the transfer path under the operating condition;
the type number of the test working conditions in the step 1) is more than the number of the reference points;
the blind source separation treatment process comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, writing the reference point response signal under each working condition into a reference point response signal matrixOne reference point response signal is generated for each behavior of the matrix, the reference point response signal matrix is input into a blind source separation tool box, and an initial separation signal matrix under each working condition is obtained through calculationAnd fast Fourier transform is carried out to obtain a reference point response signal frequency spectrum matrix under each working conditionAnd an initial separation signal spectrum matrix
Then, each initial separation signal under each working condition is corresponding to each vibration source according to the prior knowledge, so that each initial separation signal frequency spectrumResponsive to each reference point signal spectrum XijIn correspondence with it, willAnd XijIn contrast, one of the frequency components which is not affected by crosstalk is taken, and the amplitude of the frequency component corresponding to the frequency spectrum of the initial separation signal is correctedThe amplitude of the corresponding frequency component of the corresponding reference point response signal frequency spectrum is Xij(ω)，As a scale factor, multiplying the full-band amplitude of the spectrum of the initial separation signal by the scale factor to obtain a separation signal
Wherein: r is the number of reference points, m is the number of test condition types, and omega is the frequency.
2. The operating condition transmission path analysis method based on the blind source separation technology according to claim 1, characterized in that a vibration acceleration sensor is adopted to measure the response signals in the steps 2) and 5).
3. The blind source separation technology-based operation condition transmission path analysis method according to claim 1, wherein in the step 4), an OTPA linear system equation is constructed according to the separation signal under the test condition and the response signal of the target point, and the OTPA linear system equation is constructed according to the separation signal under the test condition and the response signal of the target pointThe system equation is:in the formula, T is a transfer rate function matrix to be solved, S is a separation signal matrix under the test working condition, Y is a target point response signal matrix under the test working condition, r is the number of reference points, n is the number of target points, m is the number of types of the test working condition, S is a separation signal under the test working condition, and Y is a target point response signal under the test working condition.
4. The operating condition transmission path analysis method based on the blind source separation technology according to claim 3, wherein the solution process of the OTPA linear system equation is as follows:
firstly, singular value decomposition is carried out on a separation signal matrix S under a test working condition, and the singular value decomposition result is obtained as follows:wherein U is an orthogonal column vector, and U is [ U ═ U1,u2,...um]∈Rm×m(ii) a V is an orthogonal row vector, V ═ V1,v2,...vn]∈Rn×n(ii) a Sigma is diagonal matrix, sigma is diag1,σ2,...σn]∈Rm×n；σjBeing singular values, σ1≥σ2≥,...σl≥σl+1＝,...,＝σn0, l is the matrix A ∈ Rm×n(m.gtoreq.n) rank;
then according to the linear system equation of OTPA, the formula is obtained by deformation: t ═ S+Y, in the formula S+Separating the pseudo-inverse of the signal matrix S under the test condition; substituting the singular value decomposition result of the separation signal matrix S under the test condition into the formula T ═ S+In Y, the result of the transfer rate function matrix is obtained:in the formulaIs a matrix of transfer rate functions, phijFor the filter factor, ω is the frequency.
5. The blind source separation technique-based operating condition transmission path analysis method according to claim 4, wherein the filtering factor phijThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows:λ is the regularization parameter.
6. The blind source separation technology-based operating condition transfer path analysis method according to claim 5, wherein the regularization parameter λ is determined by an L curve method.
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| CN107290048A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-24 | 西安交通大学 | The operating condition Transfer Path Analysis Method of Automobile of technology is cut down based on crosstalk |
| EP3514499B1 (en) | 2018-01-23 | 2020-08-26 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Verification of sensor data |
| CN108563834A (en) * | 2018-03-19 | 2018-09-21 | 上海交通大学 | Analysis method is transmitted in the vibration of automobile exhaust system multipath |
| CN109492316A (en) * | 2018-11-19 | 2019-03-19 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of OTPA crosstalk cutting method based on AR parameter model |
| CN110263762B (en) * | 2019-07-02 | 2023-06-16 | 中国海洋大学 | Output-based semi-submersible ocean platform energy transfer path analysis method |
| CN112214844B (en) * | 2020-08-21 | 2022-12-09 | 西安交通大学 | Method and system for calculating transmission path parameters of equipment operation conditions |
| CN112033684B (en) * | 2020-09-15 | 2023-10-10 | 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 | Vibration contribution degree identification method of excitation point to response point |
| CN112432702B (en) * | 2020-11-09 | 2021-10-15 | 大连理工大学 | Vibration source identification method based on superposition of vibration transmission paths of centrifugal pump |
| CN112560180B (en) * | 2020-12-16 | 2022-04-22 | 广东工业大学 | Transmission path analysis method of multipoint installation structure |
| CN113465850B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2023-09-08 | 西北工业大学 | Method, test device and test method for identifying mechanical vibration signal path |
| CN114486135A (en) * | 2022-01-21 | 2022-05-13 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Box vibration contribution amount testing method and device, testing equipment and storage medium |
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