CN106706111A - Acoustic emission sensor and acoustic emission signal detecting method - Google Patents
Acoustic emission sensor and acoustic emission signal detecting method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706111A CN106706111A CN201710025119.8A CN201710025119A CN106706111A CN 106706111 A CN106706111 A CN 106706111A CN 201710025119 A CN201710025119 A CN 201710025119A CN 106706111 A CN106706111 A CN 106706111A
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- optical fiber
- acoustic emission
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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- Measurement Of Mechanical Vibrations Or Ultrasonic Waves (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an acoustic emission sensor, comprising a double-clad optical fiber, a single-mode input optical fiber and a single-mode output optical fiber, wherein the single-mode input optical fiber and the single-mode output optical fiber are connected at two ends of the double-clad optical fiber respectively through an optical path, a silicone rubber coating sensitive to an acoustic emission vibration is cladded outside the double-clad optical fiber, an external acoustic emission vibration can enable a deformation of the silicone rubber coating, a dynamic phase variation is introduced for a cladding mode of the double-clad optical fiber, and acoustic emission parameters are sensed by detecting resonant filtering characteristics. The acoustic emission sensor disclosed by the invention is an all-fiber structure, and has the advantages of compact structure, simple manufacturing method and convenience for use, and the double-clad optical fiber and the single-mode optical fibers can be directly fusion-welded with each other by means of conventional welding equipment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of optical fiber sensing, and in particular to a kind of single-mode fiber-doubly clad optical fiber-single-mode fiber sound
Emission sensor and acoustic emission signal detection method.
Background technology
Optical Fibre Acoustic Emission Sensor is the important sensor of a class, in partial discharge sound emission, Underwater Detection, seismic wave detection etc.
Aspect has all been applied.Existing Optical Fibre Acoustic Emission Sensor includes fibre optic interferometer, fiber grating, melting cone fiber coupling
Device, optical fiber F-P chamber etc., wherein, traditional optical fiber interferometer sensor generally has larger size, is not suitable for specific small
Size environmental applications；Fiber grating, fused tapered optical fiber coupler, optical fiber F-P chamber etc. are suitable for small-size environment application, but make
Standby fiber grating needs complicated Writing Technology, while needing special encapsulation technology to lift voice sending sensor sensitivity；It is molten
Cone fiber coupler cone area's size is small, is easily subject to environmental pollution and causes sensing capabilities to change；Optical fiber F-P chamber utilizes and shakes
Dynamic film, is also attached to solid target to be measured and easily causes sensing capabilities to change.
The content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of acoustic emission sensor and acoustic emission signal detection method, and manufacturing process is simple, simple optical fiber
Integrated, easy for operation, temperature stability is high.
To achieve the above object, the invention discloses a kind of acoustic emission sensor, it is characterized in, the sensor is included：It is double
Cladded-fiber, respectively light path are connected to the single mode input fiber and single-mode output optical fiber at doubly clad optical fiber two ends；
Above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber is coated with the silicone rubber coating to sound emission vibration sensing, and extraneous sound emission vibration makes silicon rubber
Coating is deformed upon, and the cladding mode to doubly clad optical fiber introduces dynamic phasing change, by the detection of resonator, filter characteristic, carries out
The sensing of sound emission parameter.
Above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber two ends respectively with single mode input fiber and single-mode output fused fiber splice, constitute have cladding mode
The wave filter of resonance coupled characteristic.
The refractive index of above-mentioned silicone rubber coating perceives sound emission vibration and draws less than the silica clad refractive index of doubly clad optical fiber
Play fiber phase change.
Above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber includes fibre core, the inner cladding being coated on outside fibre core, and inner cladding is coated with surrounding layer；Double-contracting
The core mode and cladding mode of layer optical fiber meet the situation of phase matched by fadout wave interaction in core mode and cladding mode
Under, the light energy transmitted in fibre core is transmitted in being transferred to surrounding layer, realizes cladding mode resonant.
The inner cladding of above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber is prepared using fluorine-doped silica.
The fibre core of above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber and the refractive index of surrounding layer are higher than the refractive index of inner cladding.
In above-mentioned doubly clad optical fiber, core diameter is 9 microns；The external diameter of inner cladding is 27 microns；The external diameter of surrounding layer is
125 microns；The refractive index of fibre core and surrounding layer is 1.456；The refractive index of inner cladding is 1.454.
The refractive index of above-mentioned silicone rubber coating is 1.42；Thickness range is 0.1mm to 3mm.
A kind of acoustic emission signal detection method of above-mentioned acoustic emission sensor, is characterized in, the method is included：
The silicone rubber coating of acoustic emission sensor receives extraneous acoustic emission signal and deforms upon, and causes doubly clad optical fiber to stretch,
Cladding mode phase place change causes resonator, filter spectroscopic studying；
Changed by the light intensity of the light source of acoustic emission sensor, changed according to light intensity and judge to obtain extraneous acoustic emission signal.
The single mode input fiber of above-mentioned acoustic emission sensor receives external light source, transmits to doubly clad optical fiber, and light source passes through
By single-mode output optical fiber output to photodetector after doubly clad optical fiber.
Compared to the prior art a kind of acoustic emission sensor of the present invention and acoustic emission signal detection method, the advantage is that,
Acoustic emission sensor disclosed by the invention is a kind of all optical fibre structure, can directly using normal by doubly clad optical fiber and single-mode fiber
The welder of rule carries out welding, therefore, it is simple with compact conformation, manufacture method, the advantages of easy to use；
Doubly clad optical fiber inner cladding of the present invention can be prepared using fluorine-doped silica, with good temperature stability, therefore
Avoid Temperature cross-over disturber's mask advantageous.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of acoustic emission sensor of the invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of method flow diagram of the acoustic emission detection method of acoustic emission sensor of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiment of the invention is further illustrated.
As shown in figure 1, the invention discloses a kind of single-mode fiber-doubly clad optical fiber-single-mode fiber acoustic emission sensor, should
Acoustic emission sensor is included：Single mode input fiber 1, doubly clad optical fiber 2, single-mode output optical fiber 3 and silicone rubber coating 4.
Doubly clad optical fiber 2 includes fibre core 5, the inner cladding 6 being coated on outside fibre core 5, and is coated on the outsourcing outside inner cladding 6
Layer 7.Wherein, the inner cladding 6 of doubly clad optical fiber 2 is prepared using fluorine-doped silica, with good temperature stability, therefore is being kept away
Exempt from Temperature cross-over disturber's mask advantageous.And the fibre core 5 of doubly clad optical fiber 2 and the refractive index of surrounding layer 7 are higher than inner cladding 6
Refractive index.
Wherein, 5 a diameter of 9 microns of fibre core, the external diameter of inner cladding 6 is 27 microns, and the external diameter of surrounding layer 7 is 125 microns, fine
The refractive index of core 5 and surrounding layer 7 is 1.456, and the refractive index of inner cladding 6 is 1.454.
According to coupled mode theory, light is transmitted in two close fiber waveguides, when the pattern transmitted meets phase matched
During condition, light wave can realize the positive energy exchange between two waveguides by evanescent wave Mode Coupling.Double-contracting disclosed by the invention
The core mode and cladding mode of layer optical fiber 2 meet the situation of phase matched by fadout wave interaction in core mode and cladding mode
Under, the light energy transmitted in fibre core is transmitted in being transferred to surrounding layer, realizes cladding mode resonant.Due to the phase of modal dispersion characteristics
Position matching condition co-wavelength has relation, i.e. resonance wavelength, and core mode transmission spectrum shows as stopband filtering characteristic at this wavelength.
Single mode input fiber 1 and single-mode output optical fiber 3 pass through optical fiber splicer welding at the two ends of doubly clad optical fiber 2, and with
The light path of doubly clad optical fiber 2 is connected, and constitutes the wave filter with cladding mode resonant coupled characteristic.Here, welding can use standard
Single-mode fiber welding pattern.
Doubly clad optical fiber 2 is coated with the silicone rubber coating 4 to sound emission vibration sensing, what silicone rubber coating 4 was used
The refractive index representative value of silicon rubber is 1.42, and silicone rubber coating 4 will all cover doubly clad optical fiber 2, to two ends single mode input light
The coverage distance of fibre 1 and single-mode output optical fiber 3 is not specially required, and can be covered to single mode input fiber 1 and single-mode output optical fiber 3
On, the applied thickness of silicone rubber coating 4 is 0.1 ~ 3mm.In the present embodiment, silicone rubber coating 4 can be applied using czochralski method
Apply, complete to put the preparation that spontaneous curing in atmosphere completes silicone rubber coating 4 after coating.The outer cladding of doubly clad optical fiber 2
The structure of silicone rubber coating 4 has stopband filtering spectrum characteristic, and using narrow-band spectrum laser as light source, output intensity will be received
To the modulation of extraneous sound emission vibration signal, i.e., the detection of acoustic emission signal is capable of achieving by the change of output intensity.
So, when extraneous sound emission effect of vibration is in the structure, extraneous sound emission vibration makes silicone rubber coating 4 that shape to occur
Become, due to the silica clad refractive index of the refractive index less than doubly clad optical fiber 2 of silicone rubber coating 4, to the covering of doubly clad optical fiber 2
Mould introduces dynamic phasing change, perceives sound emission vibration and causes fiber phase to change by the detection of resonator, filter characteristic, carries out
The sensing of sound emission parameter.
As shown in Fig. 2 being the acoustic emission signal detection method of acoustic emission sensor of the present invention, it specifically includes following step
Suddenly：
S1, extraneous acoustic emission signal.
S2, extraneous acoustic emission signal propagate to acoustic emission sensor, cause the silicone rubber coating 4 of acoustic emission sensor
Silicon rubber is deformed upon.
S3, the silicon rubber deformation of silicone rubber coating 4 cause doubly clad optical fiber 2 to stretch.
S4, doubly clad optical fiber 2 stretch and cause the cladding mode phase place change of doubly clad optical fiber 2.
The cladding mode phase place change of S5, doubly clad optical fiber 2, causes resonator, filter spectroscopic studying.
The real-time reception light source of single mode input fiber 1 of S6, acoustic emission sensor, light wave by doubly clad optical fiber 2, by single mode
Output optical fibre 3 is exported, and light source is detected by being received by photodetector after acoustic emission sensor.Resonator, filter spectroscopic studying causes
The light intensity of the light wave exported by doubly clad optical fiber 2 changes.
S7, photodetector detection light intensity change, you can obtain extraneous acoustic emission signal.
Although present disclosure is discussed in detail by above preferred embodiment, but it should be appreciated that above-mentioned
Description is not considered as limitation of the present invention.After those skilled in the art have read the above, for of the invention
Various modifications and substitutions all will be apparent.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be limited to the appended claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of acoustic emission sensor, it is characterised in that the sensor is included：Doubly clad optical fiber, respectively light path are connected to double-contracting
The single mode input fiber and single-mode output optical fiber at layer optical fiber two ends；
The doubly clad optical fiber is coated with the silicone rubber coating to sound emission vibration sensing, and extraneous sound emission vibration makes silicon rubber
Coating is deformed upon, and the cladding mode to doubly clad optical fiber introduces dynamic phasing change, by the detection of resonator, filter characteristic, carries out
The sensing of sound emission parameter.
2. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the doubly clad optical fiber two ends are defeated with single mode respectively
Enter optical fiber and single-mode output fused fiber splice, constitute the wave filter with cladding mode resonant coupled characteristic.
3. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the refractive index of the silicone rubber coating is less than double-contracting
The silica clad refractive index of layer optical fiber, perceives sound emission vibration and causes fiber phase to change.
4. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the doubly clad optical fiber comprising fibre core, be coated on
Inner cladding outside fibre core, inner cladding is coated with surrounding layer；The core mode and cladding mode of doubly clad optical fiber are mutual by evanescent wave
Effect, in the case where core mode and cladding mode meet phase matched, during the light energy transmitted in fibre core is transferred to surrounding layer
Transmission, realizes cladding mode resonant.
5. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the inner cladding of the doubly clad optical fiber uses fluorine doped
It is prepared by silica.
6. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the fibre core of the doubly clad optical fiber and surrounding layer
Refractive index of the refractive index higher than inner cladding.
7. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that in the doubly clad optical fiber, core diameter is 9 micro-
Rice；The external diameter of inner cladding is 27 microns；The external diameter of surrounding layer is 125 microns；The refractive index of fibre core and surrounding layer is 1.456；It is interior
The refractive index of covering is 1.454.
8. acoustic emission sensor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the refractive index of the silicone rubber coating is 1.42；
Thickness range is 0.1mm to 3mm.
9. the acoustic emission signal detection side of the acoustic emission sensor in a kind of claim 1 to 8 described in any one claim
Method, it is characterised in that the method is included：
The silicone rubber coating of acoustic emission sensor receives extraneous acoustic emission signal and deforms upon, and causes doubly clad optical fiber to stretch,
Cladding mode phase place change causes resonator, filter spectroscopic studying；
Changed by the light intensity of the light source of acoustic emission sensor, changed according to light intensity and judge to obtain extraneous acoustic emission signal.
10. acoustic emission signal detection method as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the single mode of the acoustic emission sensor
Input optical fibre receives external light source, transmits to doubly clad optical fiber, light source by after doubly clad optical fiber by single-mode output optical fiber output
To photodetector.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN109708675A (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2019-05-03 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of fibre optical sensor based on helmholtz resonance device |
| CN109827676A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | The cascade strain sensor array of the heterogeneous optical fiber of single mode |
| CN110208668A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-06 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of optical fiber sound emission vibrating sensor and shelf depreciation sensor-based system |
| CN112665658A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber sensor for simultaneously measuring refractive index and temperature and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109827676A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2019-05-31 | 桂林电子科技大学 | The cascade strain sensor array of the heterogeneous optical fiber of single mode |
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| CN109708675B (en) * | 2018-12-13 | 2021-02-26 | 云南电网有限责任公司电力科学研究院 | Optical fiber sensor based on Helmholtz resonator |
| CN110208668A (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2019-09-06 | 国网上海市电力公司 | A kind of optical fiber sound emission vibrating sensor and shelf depreciation sensor-based system |
| CN110208668B (en) * | 2019-07-10 | 2021-07-20 | 国网上海市电力公司 | Optical fiber acoustic emission vibration sensor and partial discharge sensing system |
| CN112665658A (en) * | 2021-01-20 | 2021-04-16 | 哈尔滨工程大学 | Optical fiber sensor for simultaneously measuring refractive index and temperature and preparation method thereof |
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| CN106706111B (en) | 2020-04-10 |
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