CN106706050A - Method for measuring gas flow through ultrasonic flowmeter - Google Patents
Method for measuring gas flow through ultrasonic flowmeter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106706050A CN106706050A CN201510487203.2A CN201510487203A CN106706050A CN 106706050 A CN106706050 A CN 106706050A CN 201510487203 A CN201510487203 A CN 201510487203A CN 106706050 A CN106706050 A CN 106706050A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for measuring gas flow through an ultrasonic flowmeter. The method comprises the following steps that an ultrasonic transceiving device of the ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged around a gas pipeline in a surrounding mode, ultrasonic waves are transmitted, an echo signal is collected, and the maximum amplitude V0 of the echo signal is calculated according to sampling data of the echo signal; if the maximum amplitude V0 is within an amplitude range [VL,VH], the transmission time of the ultrasonic waves is calculated by taking an early moment that the second wave in the echo signal intersects with a first triggering threshold VTH0 as a datum moment of the ultrasonic waves; otherwise, the maximum amplitude V is calculated according to the formula V=A(X).V0, and the transmission time of the ultrasonic waves is calculated by taking an early moment that the second wave in the echo signal intersects with a second triggering threshold VTH as a datum moment of the ultrasonic waves; the gas flow is calculated through the transmission time. According to the method, the gas flow can be precisely measured, the pipe network state is monitored in real time, and an in-time response is provided for a natural gas transmission and distribution abnormality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to measuring instrument technical field, and in particular to one kind utilizes ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount
The method of gas flow.
Background technology
Because people are to the attention rate more and more higher of environment, natural gas as clean environment firendly green energy resource
More and more extensive concern is obtained and has applied, Gas Industry will all have been obtained within the following some time
It is fast-developing.In order to adapt to the growth requirement of Gas Industry, particularly gas company to natural gas meter
Amount and the growth requirement of pipe network transmission ＆ distribution management, under its development of informationization technology, metering is accurate,
Working stability, and the intelligent flow meter systems with remote management capability initially enter gas metering and
In transmission ＆ distribution management.
At present, domestic application is mainly Roots's table and whirlpool in the flowmeter that gas metering and transmission ＆ distribution are managed
Wheel table, both measuring instruments belong to mechanical measuring instrument, it is difficult to break away from mechanical instrument intrinsic
Weakness, for example, high to the quality requirement of natural gas, easily block, safeguard frequently and maintenance cost
It is higher, while with the increase in natural gas transportation line portals footpath, two kinds of volumes of mechanical measuring instrument,
Weight and price can significantly rise, and these weakness seriously constrain gas metering and pipe network transmission ＆ distribution pipe
Reason develops towards the direction of " accurate, stable, intelligent, efficient ".
In order to overcome the shortcoming of mechanical measuring instrument, ultrasonic flowmeter is occurred in that in the prior art,
The detection of gas flow is carried out using ultrasonic signal, such as Authorization Notice No. is CN102914334B
Patent of invention document disclose a kind of plug-in type ultrasonic gas flowmeter, including insertion is treated when using
The transducer fixed mount surveyed in gas piping, has on transducer fixed mount and is being treated for measuring ultrasonic wave
The ultrasonic wave transducer of adverse current time when following current time and adverse current when surveying downstream propagation in gas propagate
Device group, is arranged in the corresponding with the ultrasonic transducer group of under test gas pipeline when also including using
Pipeline section at and the quiet speed of under test gas free diffusing that is connected with the pipeline section and supplies in the pipeline section hold
Device, arranges the ultrasonic wave transducer for measuring ultrasonic propagation velocity in quiet fast pipe on quiet fast container
Device.
But in the patent of invention document, quiet fast pipe needs to carry out gas flow in insertion gas piping
Measurement, quiet fast pipe can cause disturbance to gas flowing in itself, so as to cause the error of flow measurement.
In order to meet the growth requirement of gas metering and the management of pipe network transmission ＆ distribution, it is desirable to provide a kind of intelligence
The gas flow measurement method of change, to realize the accurate measurement to gas discharge.
The content of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of utilization ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, can realize
To the accurate measurement of gas flow, and monitor in real time can be carried out to pipe network state, to natural gas transmission and distribution
Exception timely responded to.
A kind of method of utilization ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, comprises the following steps：
(1) ultrasonic receiving device of ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged around gas pipeline, using ultrasound
Ripple R-T unit is transmitted through the ultrasonic wave of gas, and gathers echo-signal, according to the echo-signal
Sampled data is calculated the maximum amplitude V of echo-signal0；
(2) if maximum amplitude V0In amplitude range [VL,VH] in, then use in echo-signal second
Individual ripple and the first activation threshold value VTH0The intersecting smaller moment, as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates super
The transmission time of sound wave；
If maximum amplitude V0Less than VL, then using Formula V=A(x)·V0Maximum amplitude V is calculated, after making adjustment
Maximum amplitude V be in amplitude range [VL,VH] in, A(x)It is dynamic adjustment amplitude gain；
Then, second ripple in the echo-signal after adjustment and the second activation threshold value V are usedTHIntersecting
The smaller moment, as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave；
VHWhen reaching the ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey upper limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude and the first allowance plus and；
VLWhen reaching ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey lower limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude adjusts the difference of the allowance of sum of products second of amplitude gain maximum with dynamic.
(3) transmission time obtained using step (2) calculates gas flow.
The gas measuring method that the present invention is provided is particularly suited for natural gas, is also applied for and natural gas
The measurement of the similar gas of matter, for example, at least one in methane, ethane, propane, butane.
Using ultrasonic flowmeter gas flow is measured it is critical that Accurate Determining ultrasonic wave
Transmission time in gas, the echo-signal received due to ultrasonic probe, ultrasonic receiver generally by it is weak to
By force, then progressively decay, therefore, determine that the moment for receiving ultrasonic wave turns into true in echo-signal
Determine the key of transmission time.The determination method of the ultrasonic echo signal reference instant that the present invention is provided,
The transmission time of ultrasonic wave can accurately and be reliably obtained, so as to obtain accurate gas flow.
Under different measuring conditions, the maximum amplitude V of ultrasonic echo signal0It is not quite similar, by ultrasonic wave
Scope [the V of ultrasonic echo signal maximum amplitude in flowmeter range0min,V0max] it is divided into multiple areas
Between, one the first activation threshold value V of echo-signal correspondence in each interval rangeTH0.Generally, first
Activation threshold value VTH0It is maximum amplitude V020~40%.
Second activation threshold value VTHCalculation be：VTH=A(x)·VTH0.Will maximum amplitude V0Expand
Big A(x)When obtaining V after times, corresponding second activation threshold value VTHAlso by the first activation threshold value VTH0Expand A(x)
Obtain again.
[V will not fallen withinL,VH] maximum amplitude of scope adjusted to falling into [VL,VH] in the range of be standard meter
Calculation obtains A(x)If maximum amplitude is in [VL,VH] in the range of, then A(x)It is 1.
Second ripple and the first activation threshold value VTH0With two intersection points, each intersection point corresponding moment,
Using the smaller moment as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave；Similarly, second ripple and the second activation threshold value VTH
With two intersection points, each intersection point one moment of correspondence, during using the smaller moment as the benchmark of ultrasonic wave
Carve.
Preferably, the scope of the first allowance is the maximum of the ultrasonic echo signal that can be correctly validated
The 5~10% of amplitude (maximum amplitude of flowmeter ultrasonic echo signal in the range upper limit), second
The scope of allowance is that (flowmeter is in range for the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal that can be correctly validated
The maximum amplitude of ultrasonic echo signal during the upper limit) 5~10%.
In order to ensure the accuracy of gas flow measurement, it is preferable that gather three groups in each flow measurement
Echo-signal, every group of echo-signal correspondence obtains the forward transmission of a ultrasonic wave and gas symport
Time, and ultrasonic wave and gas reverse transfer reverse transmission time.Difference group echo-signal
Transmission path is different, and the initial gas flow velocity that each group echo-signal is calculated is weighted averagely,
Gas flow is obtained then in conjunction with conduit cross-sectional area.
Preferably, also including step (4), the gas temperature according to the measurement gas flow moment is gentle
Body pressure is modified to the gas flow of gained.
Preferably, also including step (5), gained gas flow is judged with the presence or absence of abnormal, if depositing
In exception, then alarmed, and carried out abnormal conditions record；If in the absence of abnormal, continuing to measure.
Preferably, also include step (6), the gas flow that will be measured using wireless communication mode,
Floor data and ultrasonic flowmeter state are sent to pipeline monitoring center.
Preferably, also include step (7), and after one time gas flow measurement is finished, ultrasonic flow
Meter enters resting state, and automatically begins to measure next time at preset time intervals afterwards.
The step of described step (4)~step (7), numbers the differentiation for only doing different step, not
The presence or absence of order and each step between each step are limited, for example, after having carried out step (4),
Step (7) can directly be carried out.
The method that the present invention utilizes ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, measuring accuracy is high, measurement gas
Body flow is accurate (can at least reach and stem-winder identical precision), can enable gas company
Monitor in real time is carried out to pipe network state, remote management is carried out to gas transmission and distribution, abnormality is carried out and
When respond, information system management level of the gas company to gas ductwork can be effectively improved.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 a are the schematic diagram for realizing ultrasonic receiving device arrangement in ultrasonic flowmeter of the invention；
Fig. 1 b are the A in Fig. 1 a to schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 c are the B in Fig. 1 b to schematic diagram；
Fig. 1 d are ultrasonic wave receipts of the ultrasonic wave propagation path through pipe centerline in ultrasonic flowmeter
The sectional view of transmitting apparatus；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation for realizing ultrasonic flowmeter of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the workflow schematic diagram for realizing ultrasonic flowmeter of the invention；
Fig. 4 is schematic flow sheet of the present invention using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow；
Fig. 5 is original echoed signals schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the echo-signal schematic diagram after adjustment；
Fig. 7 is ultrasonic transmission Time Calculation schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is done in detail using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow
Thin description.
The present invention is as follows using the principle of ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow：
Ultrasonic probe of the ultrasonic signal that the ultrasonic probe of air-flow upstream sends to airflow downstream
During received ultrasonic signal, because gas flowing is produced in the transmission direction of ultrasonic signal
Velocity component, can accelerate the transmission of ultrasonic signal；The ultrasound that the ultrasonic probe of airflow downstream sends
Ripple signal to air-flow upstream ultrasonic probe received ultrasonic signal during, due to gas flowing
Velocity component is produced in the transmission direction of ultrasonic signal, the transmission of ultrasonic signal can be slowed down, profit
Gas is calculated with the difference of ultrasonic signal transmission time in pleasant direction of flow and inverse gas flow
Body flow.
As shown in Figure 1 d, L is the air line distance of upstream and downstream ultrasonic probe in figure, and D is pipe diameter,
θ is ultrasonic transmission path and the angle for determining tube hub line, and V is the mean flow rate of gas, t1It is super
Sound wave forward transmission time, t2It is the reverse transmission time of ultrasonic wave, then has：
Can be obtained by formula (I) and formula (II)：
Due to flow=flow velocity * cross-sectional areas, the expression formula by flow relocity calculation flow is as follows：
Wherein, C represents the spread speed of ultrasonic wave；A represents the cross-sectional area for determining pipe.
It doesn't matter with ultrasonic propagation velocity to can see gas flow rate by formula (IV), therefore, can
To avoid causing ultrasonic propagation velocity to change due to the difference of the factors such as temperature, pressure, and cause gas
There is deviation in flowmeter body amount.
From calculating process, measurement gas flow it is critical that the transmission of accurate measurement ultrasonic wave
Time, in order to obtain the correct time of ultrasonic transmission, using ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow
Method, comprise the following steps：
(1) ultrasonic receiving device of ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged around gas pipeline, using ultrasound
Ripple R-T unit is transmitted through the ultrasonic wave of gas, and gathers echo-signal, according to the echo-signal
Gathered data is calculated the maximum amplitude V of echo-signal0；
Ultrasonic receiving device is arranged around gas pipeline, as shown in Fig. 1 a, 1b, 1c, the present invention is adopted
Ultrasonic flowmeter includes three pairs of ultrasonic probes (i.e. ultrasonic receiving device), respectively surpasses
Sonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12, ultrasonic probe 21 and ultrasonic probe 22, ultrasonic probe
31 and ultrasonic probe 32, the wherein ultrasonic wave propagation path of ultrasonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12
Intersect with the center line of gas pipeline, the ultrasonic wave propagation path phase that remaining two pairs of ultrasonic probe is formed
It is mutually parallel, and the both sides of gas pipeline center line are symmetrically distributed in, each pair ultrasonic probe is formed
The angle of the center line of ultrasonic wave propagation path and gas pipeline is 60 degree, ultrasonic probe 21 and super
The distance of sonic probe 31 is less than the diameter of under test gas flow conduit, and can be selected according to needs
Select.The ultrasonic wave that a pair of ultrasonic probes are formed is a branch of, with the beam ultrasonic wave in the present invention
Axis is used as corresponding ultrasonic wave propagation path.
In Fig. 1 a, ultrasonic probe 32 and ultrasonic probe 22 overlap, ultrasonic probe 31 and ultrasonic wave
Probe 21 is overlapped, and ultrasonic probe 11 and ultrasonic probe 12 are omitted in Fig. 1 c.
Three groups of echo-signals are gathered, every group of echo-signal correspondence obtains a ultrasonic wave and passed in the same direction with gas
Defeated forward transmission time, and ultrasonic wave and gas reverse transfer reverse transmission time；It is different
The transmission path of group echo-signal is different, and every group of echo-signal is obtained by a pair of ultrasonic receiving devices.
(2) if maximum amplitude V0In amplitude range [VL,VH] in, then use in echo-signal second
Individual ripple and the first activation threshold value VTH0The intersecting smaller moment, as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates super
The transmission time of sound wave；
If maximum amplitude V0Less than VL, then using Formula V=A(x)·V0Maximum amplitude V is calculated, after making adjustment
Maximum amplitude V be in amplitude range [VL,VH] in, A(x)It is dynamic adjustment amplitude gain；
Then, second ripple in echo-signal and the second activation threshold value V are usedTHThe intersecting smaller moment
As the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, the transmission time of ultrasonic wave is calculated；
VHWhen reaching the ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey upper limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude and the first allowance plus and.
VLWhen reaching ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey lower limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude adjusts the difference of the allowance of sum of products second of amplitude gain maximum with dynamic.
(3) transmission time obtained using step (2) calculates gas flow.
In order to obtain the transmission time of ultrasonic wave exactly, abandon using in the present invention and easily flooded by noise
First ripple (first complete cycle in the ultrasonic echo signal for receiving in echo-signal not
It is first ripple, second complete cycle is second ripple, the like), but use second
Ripple carries out the judgement of ultrasonic wave reference instant, due to second amplitude of ripple and the amplitude difference of adjacent wave
Substantially, by the use of second ripple as the judgment standard of ultrasonic wave reference instant, it is possible to increase time measurement
Reliability.
The purpose of range-adjusting is to ensure unique presence of reference instant in the present invention, then using only
One reference instant carries out the calculating of the ultrasonic wave time of reception, after the completion of range-adjusting, obtains such as Fig. 7
Shown ultrasonic echo signal, using formula t=T2-T0- nT calculates the ultrasonic transmission time, in formula,
T0For the moment that ultrasonic wave sends；N is T1With T2Between echo-signal number of cycles, T is ultrasonic wave
The cycle of echo-signal.
After adjustment of the echo-signal for receiving by some cycles, still cannot be by range-adjusting to institute
The scope for needing, then judge corresponding ultrasonic receiving device exception, by the temporary close ultrasonic transmission/reception
Passage (two relative ultrasonic receiving devices in position constitute a ultrasonic transmission/reception passage), if should
Passage is repeatedly judged as exception, then will forever close the passage, if passage is closed, carries out exception
Alarm, so that administrative staff are processed, due to being weighted average acquisition using three groups of echo-signals
Gas flow, equipment has robustness higher.
First allowance be the ultrasonic echo signal that can be correctly validated maximum amplitude (flowmeter amount
The maximum amplitude of ultrasonic echo signal during the journey upper limit) 5%, the scope of the second allowance is for can be by just
Really recognize maximum amplitude (flowmeter ultrasonic echo signal in the range upper limit of ultrasonic echo signal
Maximum amplitude) 5%.
By the scope [V of ultrasonic echo signal maximum amplitude in ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey0min,V0max]
Multiple intervals are divided into, one the first activation threshold value V of echo-signal correspondence in each interval rangeTH0。
The maximum amplitude V of echo-signal0With the first activation threshold value VTH0Corresponding relation empirically obtain, and
It is stored in advance in data memory module, by the activation threshold value in searching data memory module when using
Table determines the first activation threshold value VTH0, the second activation threshold value VTHCalculation it is as follows：VTH=
A(x)·VTH0。
Step (4), according to the gas of gas temperature and gas pressure to gained for measuring the gas flow moment
Body flow is modified.When gas flows in the duct, due to the influence of the factors such as pipe friction,
Flow on cross-section of pipeline is had differences, and the gas flow for directly being obtained by formula (IV) is needed
After amendment, can truly reacting gas actual flow, in order to improve the precision of metering, this
Invention using three pairs totally six ultrasonic receiving devices multi-point flux is sampled, then by weighting
Average method is calculated gas flow, and gas flow is modified, with the gas of approaching to reality
Body flow.
Also include step (5), judge gained gas flow with the presence or absence of exception, if in the presence of exception,
Alarmed, and carried out abnormal conditions record；If in the absence of abnormal, continuing to measure.
Step (6), the gas flow that will be measured using wireless communication mode, floor data and ultrasound
Low state is sent to pipeline monitoring center.
Step (7), after one time gas flow measurement is finished, ultrasonic flowmeter enters resting state,
And automatically begin to measure next time at preset time intervals afterwards.
Each ultrasonic receiving device includes bandpass filtering, programmable-gain and signal sampling three
Divide functional circuit, the adjustment of ultrasonic echo signal completed by the cyclic process of sampling-adjustment-sampling,
Obtain the ultrasonic echo that can be correctly validated.
Band-pass filtering function circuit is passed through by frequency-selecting function ensureing that ultrasonic echo signal is lossless
Meanwhile, the clutter in echo-signal can be filtered, it is obtained in that with the programmable gain circuit for ensureing rear class
Purer ultrasonic echo signal.
Except ultrasonic receiving device, as shown in Fig. 2 realizing that ultrasonic flowmeter of the invention is also wrapped
Include：It is control unit, power module, input module, data memory module, wireless communication module, aobvious
Show module, working condition acquiring module, output module.
Power module is used to provide power supply output, power supply mould to each power unit of ultrasonic flowmeter
The input of block is the dc source of 4.5~16V wide-voltage ranges, using change-over circuit respectively to ultrasonic wave
Each power unit of flowmeter is powered.DC supply input can utilize external power supply, it is also possible to by ultrasound
Battery supply inside low.
The ultrasonic flowmeter that the present invention is provided includes both of which, during a kind of gas flow for measurement
Mode of operation, to stop low-power consumption mode during gasmetry, control unit controls ultrasonic wave to another kind
Flowmeter automatically switches between both of which, and automatic switching procedure can in advance pass through program setting,
Can also be manually entered using input module.
, in control unit, control unit is according to super for the controlled process that power module is powered to each power unit
The mode of operation of acoustic wave flow meter and the difference of low-power consumption mode, control signal is sent to power module,
Coordinate ultrasonic flowmeter effectively to be run with minimum power consumption, that is, need the power unit of work to power,
Power unit without working is stopped power supply.
Control unit is the core of ultrasonic flowmeter data processing and each composition partial function control
Part, using STM32 microprocessors, when ultrasonic flowmeter works, except treatment ultrasonic transmission/reception
The information of device collection, realizes the calculating and volume amendment of gas flow, also carries out the storage of data
The information exchange control of management, data and remaining equipment, controls the function of display module to show, be input into
The switching of instruction input, pattern of module, the collection of floor data and signal output.
Connect by SPI between programmable-gain functional circuit and control unit in ultrasonic receiving device
Mouth is communicated, and line amplitude adjustment, sample circuit pair are entered in the instruction according to control unit to echo-signal
Ultrasonic echo signal is sampled, and the data after sampling are delivered into control unit by SPI interface,
Control unit judges whether to need to be adjusted ultrasonic echo signal according to the sampling of sample circuit.
Control unit is communicated by RS485 interfaces with host computer, is enabled an administrator to by upper
The parameters such as system time, pattern, running parameter, volume correction chart are issued to control unit by machine,
By ordering inquiry current temperature, pressure, flow, the ultrasound of system can also be obtained to control unit
The status informations such as wave sound speed, can also issue the control commands such as sleeping/waking and realize system in work to system
(system dormancy correspondence low-power consumption mode, wakes up correspondence work for switching between operation mode and low-power consumption mode
Operation mode).
Data memory module includes ferroelectric memory and SPI flash storage two parts, with control unit
Communicated by SPI interface, for systematic parameter, various list items, system mode and stoichiometric number
According to storage.
Wireless communication module uses GPRS module, is communicated with control unit by UART interface,
And equipment and pressure management area realized by public cordless communication network under the control of the control unit
The information exchange of the heart, completes the upload of continuous data, and the control instruction at pressure management area center connects
Receive.
Input module realizes contactless keypress function using Hall sensor, for being input into various fingers
Order, for example, the function such as the sleeping/waking of system, menu control and information inquiry.
Display module uses OLED module, is communicated with control unit by SPI interface, for showing
Show the metrical informations such as the current temperature of system, pressure, flow, ultrasonic velocity, wherein flow includes
The polytypes such as present flow rate, integrated flow, timing flow, operating mode flow, mark condition flow.
Output module is communicated by I/O mouthfuls of numeral and SPI interface with control unit, single in control
Under the control of unit, digital pulse signal and 4~20mA electric current ring signals are exported, wherein, digital arteries and veins
Signal is rushed with status signals such as low and high level output abnormality alarms, 4~20mA electric currents ring signal is by defeated
Output galvanic current characterizes specific system mode.
Working condition acquiring module includes temperature collect module and pressure acquisition module, wherein temperature collect module
Communicated with control unit by analog interface, control unit is looked into according to the temperature data that sampling is obtained
The temperature transition table looked in data memory module, can learn working site temperature to realize gas flow
Etc. the amendment of data.
Pressure acquisition module is communicated by analog interface with control unit, and control unit is according to sampling
Pressure conversion table in the pressure data searching data memory module for obtaining, can learn that working site is pressed
Power is realizing the amendment of the data such as gas flow.
As shown in figure 3, when ultrasonic flowmeter is used, first with control unit and power module
The upper electricity of completion system and initialization, the power up of system is：Power module is first to ensure that
The minimum system of control unit normal work carries out electricity, the minimum system normal work of control unit
Afterwards, control unit control power module carries out upper electricity to remaining power unit.
After system completes upper electricity, under the control of the control unit, each functional module of system is carried out automatically
Communication and state-detection, after the completion of detection, if system mode is normal, open corresponding timing routine
(time of timing routine is set for the purpose of effectively reducing system power dissipation, and the length of timing time is necessary
Time needed for completing once complete measurement flow more than system) enter idle condition, wait corresponding
Interrupt instruction, if system mode exception, under the control of the control unit, by output module export
Digital pulse signal and 4~20mA electric current ring signals, carry out abnormal alarm.
For the equipment of externally fed, system in an idle state, can enter resting state to reduce
System power dissipation, it is also possible to do not enter resting state to ensure the response speed of system；Powered for battery
Low power consuming devices, described idle condition is the low power consumpting state of dormancy, is ensureing measuring accuracy
In the case of reduce system power dissipation.
When needed, system manager can be by the host computer that is connected with control unit to control unit
The corresponding instruction of issue, to system time, mode of operation, running parameter, various amendment list items
Etc. being issued or changed；System manager can also obtain system by host computer using querying command
The status information such as temperature, pressure, flow, can also be carried out by sleeping/waking command control system
The switching of working condition.
When exhausting a time-count cycle of timing routine, system can produce corresponding Interruption to hold
Open a measurement flow and a metering cycle, in each measurement flow, control unit on the one hand according to
The calculating of transmission time is completed according to the echo-signal of ultrasonic receiving device, is on the other hand surveyed by temperature
Amount module and pressure measuring module carry out AD samplings, and inquire about in data memory module and change accordingly
List item to obtain the work informations such as working site temperature, pressure, then control unit according to obtain when
Between, the parameter such as temperature and pressure carry out data processing, to complete the metering and amendment of gas flow；
After obtaining effective continuous data, the storage of data is completed on request, terminate this measurement flow.
In each measurement flow, order of the control unit control ultrasonic receiving device required for
The transmitting and reception of ultrasonic wave are carried out, as shown in figure 4, first, control unit is according to a metering stream
Effective time data needed for can obtaining whole with most fast speed in journey are principle, choose ultrasonic wave
R-T unit carries out the transmitting of ultrasonic wave, and corresponding ultrasonic receiving device carries out connecing for echo-signal
Receive, after echo signal reception, sampling circuit samples are controlled by control unit, and judge echo-signal
Whether maximum amplitude is in [VL,VH] in the range of, if maximum amplitude is in [VL,VH] in the range of, then surpassed
The reference instant of sound wave, if maximum amplitude is not in [VL,VH] in the range of, then maximum amplitude is increased
Benefit adjustment, to obtain the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, after obtaining the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates correspondence
Ultrasonic wave receive the time, ultrasonic receiving device informs control unit read access time by interrupt signal
Data, obtain once effectively time data and after recording data in memory module, and this is accurate
Time measurement flow terminates.
After the completion of each measurement flow, control unit is according to system Current Temperatures, pressure, gas flow
And the metrical information such as ultrasonic velocity, judgement is that gas distributing system is no has abnormal conditions；If system
State is normal, then working-flow enters next stage；If there are abnormal conditions, abnormal mark is carried out
Will is stored, and can export digital pulse signal and 4-20mA electric current ring signals by output module, is entered
Row abnormal alarm；Wherein, digital pulse signal with low and high level transmission abnormality alarm etc. status signal,
4-20mA electric currents ring signal characterizes specific system mode by output quantization electric current, is supplied for outside
The equipment of electricity, it is also possible to which long-range abnormal alarm is carried out by wireless communication module.
If system uses externally fed, as needed, can be by wireless communication module and administrative center
Real-time wireless communication connection is set up, to complete the real-time upload of continuous data and system mode etc..
System can carry out system during operation by the cooperation of input module and display module
The function such as sleeping/waking, menu control, continuous data and state information searching.
When ultrasonic flowmeter does not carry out gasmetry, system enters idle condition.
Above-mentioned implementation method is not received for the present invention preferably implementation method, but embodiments of the present invention
The limitation of the embodiment, it is other any to be made under without departing from Spirit Essence of the invention and principle
Modification, replacement, combination, cut, should be equivalent substitute mode, be included in of the invention
Within protection domain.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method of utilization ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is characterised in that including
Following steps：
(1) ultrasonic receiving device of ultrasonic flowmeter is arranged around gas pipeline, using ultrasound
Ripple R-T unit is transmitted through the ultrasonic wave of gas, and gathers echo-signal, according to the echo-signal
Sampled data is calculated the maximum amplitude V of echo-signal0；
(2) if maximum amplitude V0In amplitude range [VL,VH] in, then use in echo-signal second
Individual ripple and the first activation threshold value VTH0The intersecting smaller moment, as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates super
The transmission time of sound wave；
If maximum amplitude V0Less than VL, then using Formula V=A(x)·V0Maximum amplitude V is calculated, after making adjustment
Maximum amplitude V be in amplitude range [VL,VH] in, A(x)It is dynamic adjustment amplitude gain；
Then, second ripple in the echo-signal after adjustment and the second activation threshold value V are usedTHIntersecting
The smaller moment, as the reference instant of ultrasonic wave, calculates the transmission time of ultrasonic wave；
VHWhen reaching the ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey upper limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude and the first allowance plus and；
VLWhen reaching ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey lower limit for gas flow, the maximum of ultrasonic echo signal
Amplitude adjusts the difference of the allowance of sum of products second of amplitude gain maximum with dynamic；
(3) transmission time obtained using step (2) calculates gas flow.
2., as claimed in claim 1 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, by the scope of ultrasonic echo signal maximum amplitude in ultrasonic flow rate measuring journey
[V0min,V0max] multiple intervals are divided into, the echo-signal correspondence one first in each interval range is touched
Hair threshold value VTH0。
3., as claimed in claim 1 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, the second activation threshold value VTHCalculation be：VTH=A(x)·VTH0。
4., as claimed in claim 1 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, the scope of the first allowance is the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal that can be correctly validated
5~10%, the scope of the second allowance is the maximum amplitude of the ultrasonic echo signal that can be correctly validated
5~10%.
5., as claimed in claim 1 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, three groups of echo-signals are gathered in each flow measurement, every group of echo-signal correspondence obtains one
The forward transmission time of ultrasonic wave and gas symport, and a ultrasonic wave and gas reverse transfer
Reverse transmission time.
6., as claimed in claim 5 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, the transmission path of difference group echo-signal is different, and what each group echo-signal was calculated is first
Beginning gas flow rate is weighted averagely, and gas flow is obtained then in conjunction with conduit cross-sectional area.
7., as claimed in claim 1 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, also including step (4), according to the gas temperature and gas pressure at measurement gas flow moment
Gas flow to gained is modified.
8., as claimed in claim 7 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, also including step (5), judge gained gas flow with the presence or absence of exception, if in the presence of exception,
Then alarmed, and carried out abnormal conditions record；If in the absence of abnormal, continuing to measure.
9., as claimed in claim 8 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, it is special
Levy and be, also including step (6), the gas flow that will be measured using wireless communication mode, operating mode number
According to this and ultrasonic flowmeter state is sent to pipeline monitoring center.
10. as claimed in claim 9 using the method for ultrasonic flow rate measurement amount gas flow, its
It is characterised by, also including step (7), after one time gas flow measurement is finished, ultrasonic flowmeter enters
Enter resting state, and automatically begin to measure next time at preset time intervals afterwards.
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| CN106706050B (en) | 2019-03-19 |
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