CN106704567A - Power-uninterrupted hydraulic gear shifting device - Google Patents
Power-uninterrupted hydraulic gear shifting device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106704567A CN106704567A CN201710059234.7A CN201710059234A CN106704567A CN 106704567 A CN106704567 A CN 106704567A CN 201710059234 A CN201710059234 A CN 201710059234A CN 106704567 A CN106704567 A CN 106704567A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- piston
- valve element
- gear
- linkage
- directional control
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H59/00—Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
- F16H59/02—Selector apparatus
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/02—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used
- F16H61/0262—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being hydraulic
- F16H61/0265—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing characterised by the signals used the signals being hydraulic for gearshift control, e.g. control functions for performing shifting or generation of shift signals
- F16H61/0267—Layout of hydraulic control circuits, e.g. arrangement of valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
- F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
- F16H61/4008—Control of circuit pressure
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
- F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
- F16H61/4061—Control related to directional control valves, e.g. change-over valves, for crossing the feeding conduits
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H61/00—Control functions within control units of change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion ; Control of exclusively fluid gearing, friction gearing, gearings with endless flexible members or other particular types of gearing
- F16H61/38—Control of exclusively fluid gearing
- F16H61/40—Control of exclusively fluid gearing hydrostatic
- F16H61/4069—Valves related to the control of neutral, e.g. shut off valves
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Gear-Shifting Mechanisms (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a power-uninterrupted hydraulic gear shifting device. A hydraulic cylinder is installed on an input shaft and is provided with two valve element cavities in which a first linkage valve element and a second linkage valve element are installed correspondingly; one side of the first linkage valve element and one side of the second linkage valve element are each of a piston structure, are sealed through linkage valve element sealing rings and are provided with linkage valve element returning springs; the other side of the first linkage valve element and the other side of the second linkage valve element are each of a conical face structure; the end face area of the conical face side of each of the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element is smaller than the end face area of the other end; and the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element are reversely installed. The power-uninterrupted hydraulic gear shifting device is used for automobile gear position switching, and in the gear shifting process, power un-interruption can be achieved; after a gear position is shifted in, oil pressure built in the hydraulic cylinder can be kept all the time; and in the gear shifting process of two gear positions, only one of the two gear positions can be shifted in, and the two gear positions are mutually locked.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gearshift, more particularly to a kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power is specifically a kind of
Can realize that power is uninterrupted, the gearshift of gear interlock.
Background technology
The overall trend of speed control system of car is developed from manual shift to self shifter, in recent years the meter of high speed development
Calculation machine technology is applied to speed control system of car so that automatic Transmissions Technique has obtained quick development.In electric automobile application,
Because motor itself possesses certain rotational speed and torque regulating power, from from the aspect of cost performance, become using two grades to three gears
Fast device can meet use demand.The shift process of tradition machinery formula automatic transmission is needed by plucking gear, gear selecting and putting into gear
Process, therefore, the problem that torque break, mechanical shock are larger and shift time is more long can be produced in shift process, reduce vapour
The acceleration and ride comfort of car.CVT, DCT speed changer can realize the function of power failure-free gearshift, but structure is more complicated,
It is higher to manufacturing process requirement.
The content of the invention
It is a primary object of the present invention to provide a kind of power uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device, automobile can be realized in gearshift
During power is uninterrupted, the function of gear interlock, and with relatively simple structure.
The uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power involved in the present invention, by the control to the hydraulic cylinder piston direction of motion,
So that the clutch steel disc and friction plate of both sides are separated and combined by set Shifting, both sides clutch point
Realized from being moved by the valve element that links with cohesive process, it is not necessary to by the process of neutral, it is possible to achieve moved in shift process
Power is not interrupted.If oil pressure is set up in the side of the valve element that links, setting up the side of oil pressure will promote linkage valve element to another side shifting,
So as to the conical surface pressure release that opposite side oil pressure is passed through into the valve element that links, two interlock functions of gear can be realized.It is of the invention involved
And power uninterrupted gearshift critical component complete gear shift operation using two clutches, two linkage valve elements, have
The characteristics of having simple structure.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, present invention employs following technical scheme：
A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power：Hydraulic cylinder is installed on input shaft, and hydraulic cylinder is provided with two valve elements
Cavity, is separately installed with the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element in two spool chamber bodies；First linkage valve element and second
The side of movable valve plug is piston structure, is sealed by linkage valve core seal ring, is provided with linkage valve element return spring, and opposite side is cone
Face structure；The face area of the face area less than the other end of the conical surface side of the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element；The
One linkage valve element is reversely installed with the second linkage valve element；First piston oil inlet is provided with the hydraulic cylinder of first piston side, is close to
The hydraulic cylinder of the first linkage valve element conical surface side is provided with the first oil-out；Second piston oil-feed is provided with the hydraulic cylinder of second piston side
Mouthful, it is provided with the second oil-out near the second linkage valve element conical surface side hydraulic cylinder；
The hydraulic cylinder is respectively arranged at two ends with first piston and second piston；First piston and second piston are respectively with first
Platen and the second platen are connected；First piston return spring and first piston are connected, and first piston return spring is installed on first
In piston return spring seat, first piston return spring seat is connected with hydraulic cylinder；Second piston return spring and second piston connect
Connect, second piston return spring is installed in second piston return spring seat, second piston return spring seat is connected with hydraulic cylinder；
First friction plate passes through the extruding of the first platen and loosens the combination and separation realized with the first steel disc；Second friction plate is by the
The extruding of two platens and loosen realize and the second steel disc combination and separation；First friction plate and the first steel disc, the second friction plate
It is connected with vehicle transmission gear respectively with the second steel disc；
The hydraulic gear-shifting device at least includes two solenoid directional control valves, and at least two solenoid directional control valve one end all passed through
The connection of filter, oil pump and fuel tank；The other end respectively with first piston oil inlet, second piston oil inlet, the first valve element oil inlet
Connected with the second valve element oil inlet；First oil-out and the second oil-out are directly connected to fuel tank.
Further to realize the object of the invention, it is preferable that the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element are same outer
The rotation body structure of shape size；First linkage valve element is installed in the linkage spool chamber body being connected with the first oil-out, conical surface end
Near second piston side, the second linkage valve element is installed in the linkage spool chamber body being connected with the second oil-out, and conical surface end is leaned on
Nearly first piston side.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is installed on input shaft by the support of the first cylinder body bearing and the second cylinder body bearing.
Preferably, the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on vehicle frame.
Preferably, the vehicle transmission gear is fixed axis gear transmission device；The gear includes first gear and second
Gear；First gear is installed on input shaft by clutch shaft bearing, and the first steel disc is provided with first gear, is installed on input shaft
There is the first friction plate, the first steel disc and the first friction plate are flexibly connected；Second gear is installed on input shaft by second bearing,
Second steel disc is installed in second gear, the second friction plate is installed on input shaft, the second steel disc and the activity of the second friction plate are even
Connect.
Preferably, first piston inner seal ring and first piston external seal are provided between the first piston and hydraulic cylinder
Circle；The second inner carrier sealing ring and the second outer piston sealing ring are respectively equipped between second piston and hydraulic cylinder.
Preferably, the vehicle transmission gear is planetary transmission；Gear box is fixed with vehicle frame, and casing leads to
Bearing is crossed to be connected with input shaft；First steel disc is connected with hydraulic cylinder, and the first friction plate is connected with casing；Second steel disc is installed on liquid
On cylinder pressure, hydraulic cylinder is also simultaneously the gear ring of planetary mechanism, and the second friction plate is installed on the sun gear of planetary mechanism, sun gear
Fixed with input shaft；Planetary gear is installed on planet carrier by planetary gear bearing.
Preferably, the solenoid directional control valve is three；Respectively the first solenoid directional control valve, the second solenoid directional control valve and the 3rd
Solenoid directional control valve；First solenoid directional control valve is connected to first piston oil inlet, the second solenoid directional control valve after connecting the first check valve
Second piston oil inlet is connected to after connecting the second check valve, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve connects the first valve element oil inlet and respectively
Two valve element oil inlets.
Preferably, the solenoid directional control valve is two；Respectively the first solenoid directional control valve and the second solenoid directional control valve；First
Solenoid directional control valve is connected to first piston oil inlet after connecting the first check valve, and the first valve element oil inlet connects the first electromagnetic switch
The outlet of valve；Second solenoid directional control valve is connected to second piston oil inlet after connecting the second check valve, and the second valve element oil inlet connects
Connect the outlet of the second solenoid directional control valve.
Preferably, first solenoid directional control valve, the second solenoid directional control valve be to valve be normally opened bi-bit bi-pass electromagnetic switch
Valve；3rd solenoid directional control valve is two position, three-way electromagnetic change valve.
The linkage of the present invention first valve element, the side of the second linkage valve element are piston structure, are sealed by sealing ring, and opposite side is
Cone match on cone structure, with cylinder body, sectional area of the linkage valve element near conical surface side is less than piston structure side, linkage
Valve element moves left and right the hydraulic oil seal and draining for realizing conical surface side.First linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element are reversely installed,
Linked in the presence of hydraulic cylinder oil pressure, when hydraulic oil promotes the first linkage valve element to move right, oil is set up in hydraulic cylinder left side
Pressure, right side is by the first linkage valve element conical surface pressure release；When hydraulic oil promotes the second linkage valve element to move to the left, hydraulic cylinder right side
Oil pressure is set up, the second linkage valve element conical surface pressure release is passed on left, both sides gear interlock can be realized.
First linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element are reversely installed, and symmetrical on input shaft.Can also be with input
Axial symmetry installs the consistent linkage valve element of multiple directions and constitutes first group, for first grade of gearshift, is symmetrically installed with input shaft many
The consistent linkage valve element in individual direction constitutes second group, second group of linkage valve element and first group of linkage valve element installation direction conversely, with
In second gear gearshift.
First steel disc of the invention and the first friction plate, the second steel disc and the second friction plate, gradually combine in shift process,
The neutral gear stage is needed not move through, can realize that power failure-free is shifted gears.
The course of work of the invention is as follows：
(1) neutral changes to one grade.During gearshift, the first solenoid directional control valve is opened, and the second solenoid directional control valve is closed, the 3rd electromagnetism
Reversal valve connects the first valve element oil inlet, then starts oil pump, and hydraulic oil enters first piston oil inlet by the first check valve
And the hydraulic cylinder in first piston side sets up oil pressure, oil is set up by the first valve element oil inlet and in the first linkage spool chamber body
Pressure.With the rising of oil pressure, the first linkage valve element overcomes the effect of the first linkage valve element return spring to move right to dominant bit
Put.Oil pressure continues to rise, and overcomes the effect of first piston return spring and promotes first piston to be moved to the left, and first piston is promoted
First platen causes that the first friction plate and the first steel disc are combined, so as to change to one grade.After completing gearshift, the first solenoid directional control valve is closed
Close, oil pump is closed, hydraulic cylinder pressurize in the presence of the first check valve of first piston side, the first linkage valve element is first
It is moved to the left in the presence of movable valve plug return spring, the hydraulic oil in spool chamber body returns to oil cylinder.
(2) one grades change to two grades.During gearshift, the second solenoid directional control valve is opened, and the first solenoid directional control valve is closed, the 3rd electromagnetism
Reversal valve connects the second valve element oil inlet, then starts oil pump, and hydraulic oil begins setting up oil pressure into second piston oil inlet, leads to
Cross the second valve element oil inlet and set up oil pressure in the second linkage spool chamber body.Due to the face area of the conical surface side of the valve element that links
Less than the face area of the other end, during hydraulic oil rises, the second linkage valve element will be moved to the left, and second piston is to the right
Mobile, the hydraulic oil on the right side of hydraulic cylinder returns to fuel tank by the conical surface of the second linkage valve element into the second oil-out, so that liquid
Cylinder pressure right side pressure release, oil pressure is gradually reduced, first piston gradually return, the first friction plate and second in the presence of return spring
Steel disc is gradually disengaged, and the second friction plate and the second steel disc are gradually combined, and first gear and second gear are rotated with different rotating speeds, the
It is sliding wear state between one friction plate and the second steel disc, the second friction plate and the second steel disc.With hydraulic cylinder right side oil pressure it is upper
Rise, the second linkage valve element is moved to the left to position, and second piston overcomes return spring active force to move right, and promotes the second platen to make
Obtain the second friction plate and the second steel disc is completely combined, system changes to two grades, in shift process, by sliding wear shape between two gears
Excessively, power output is uninterrupted for state.After completing gearshift, the second solenoid directional control valve is closed, and oil pump is closed, the liquid of second piston side
Cylinder pressure pressurize in the presence of the second check valve, the second linkage valve element is in the presence of the second linkage valve element return spring to moving to left
Dynamic, the hydraulic oil in spool chamber body returns to oil cylinder.
(3) two grades change to neutral.Now, the first valve element oil inlet of the 3rd solenoid directional control valve connection, the first solenoid directional control valve,
Second solenoid directional control valve is closed, and then turns on oil pump, because the piston structure side sectional area of the valve element that links is more than conical surface side
Sectional area, the first linkage valve element hydraulic cylinder right side hydraulic oil that moves right links that to enter first fuel-displaced for valve element conical flow by first
Mouthful, second piston return in the presence of return spring, the second friction plate and the second steel disc are separated, and system changes to neutral.
Neutral changes to two grades and changes to that one grade of situation is similar with neutral, and two grades change to one grade and one grade and change to two grades of situation classes
Seemingly, one grade changes to neutral to change to neutral situation with two grades similar.
Relative to prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
(1) by controlling the separation of two clutches and being implemented in combination with the switching of gear, power is uninterrupted in shift process.
(2) the linkage valve element of design makes that a gear can only be changed at any time, realizes the interlock function of gear.
(3) gearshift critical piece is completed using two clutches, two linkage valve elements, with simple structure
Feature.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure principle chart of the uninterrupted gearshift of power of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the enlarged top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 2 a are the linkage valve element force diagrams of Fig. 2 first.
Fig. 2 b change Fig. 2 interstage valve core segment partial enlarged drawings during 1 gear for neutral.
Fig. 2 c are that 1 gear changes Fig. 2 interstage valve core segment partial enlarged drawings during 2 gears.
Fig. 2 d are that 2 gears change Fig. 2 interstage valve core segment partial enlarged drawings during neutral.
Fig. 3 is the structure principle chart of the uninterrupted gearshift of power of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Fig. 4 is the structure principle chart of the uninterrupted gearshift of power of the embodiment of the present invention 3.
Specific embodiment
To more fully understand the present invention, the present invention is further illustrated with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples, but this hair
Bright implementation method not limited to this.
Embodiment 1
A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power, is applied to the two-shift automatic variable speed system of electric automobile, realizes two
The automatic switchover of gear.
As shown in Figure 1, 2, a kind of uninterrupted gearshift of power includes that fuel tank 1, oil pump 2, filter 3, the first electromagnetism are changed
To valve 7, the second solenoid directional control valve 5, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 43, the first check valve 6, the second check valve 4, input shaft 8, the first tooth
The 10, first steel disc 11 of wheel, the first friction plate 12, the first platen 13, first piston return spring 14, first piston return spring seat
47th, first piston inner seal ring 42, first piston exterior seal ring 15, first piston oil inlet 16, the first valve element oil inlet 17,
One piston the 18, first linkage linkage linkage valve element return spring 21, first of valve core seal ring 19, first of valve element 23, first is fuel-displaced
Mouth 20, second piston inner seal ring 40, second piston exterior seal ring 33, second piston 25, second piston return spring 26, second
The 27, second platen 28 of piston return spring seat, the second steel disc 30, the second friction plate 29, second gear 24, clutch shaft bearing 9, hydraulic pressure
Cylinder 22, the first cylinder body bearing 41, the second cylinder body bearing 32, second bearing 31, second piston oil inlet 34, the second valve element oil inlet
36th, second oil-out the 38, the second linkage linkage valve element of valve element 35, second return spring the 37, second linkage valve core seal ring 39.
First gear 10 is installed on input shaft 8 by clutch shaft bearing 9, and the first steel disc 11 is provided with first gear 10,
First friction plate 12 is installed, the first steel disc 11 and the first friction plate 12 are flexibly connected, the first platen 13 and first on input shaft 8
Piston 18 is connected, and first piston return spring 14 and first piston 18 are connected, and first piston return spring 14 is installed on the first work
Get back into a spring base 47, first piston return spring seat 47 is connected with hydraulic cylinder 22, and first piston 18 is installed on hydraulic cylinder 22
Interior side, is provided with first piston inner seal ring 42 and first piston exterior seal ring 15 between first piston 18 and hydraulic cylinder 22,
Sealed by the outer piston sealing ring 15 of plug sealing ring 42 and first in the first work.First friction plate 12 is squeezed by the first platen 13
Press and loosen the combination and separation realized with the first steel disc 11.
Second gear 24 is installed on input shaft 8 by second bearing 31, and the second steel disc 30 is provided with second gear 24,
Second friction plate 29 is installed, the second steel disc 30 and the second friction plate 29 are flexibly connected on input shaft 8；Second platen 28 and second
Piston 25 is connected, and second piston return spring 26 and second piston 25 are connected, and second piston return spring 26 is installed on the second work
Get back into a spring base 27, second piston return spring seat 27 is connected with hydraulic cylinder 22, and second piston 25 is installed on hydraulic cylinder 22
Interior opposite side, is respectively equipped with the second inner carrier sealing ring 40 and the sealing of the second outer piston between second piston 25 and hydraulic cylinder 22
Circle 33, is sealed by the second inner carrier sealing ring 40 and the second outer piston sealing ring 33.Second friction plate 29 passes through the second platen
28 extruding and loosen realize and the second steel disc 30 combination and separation.
Hydraulic cylinder 22 is installed on input shaft 8 by the support of the first cylinder body bearing 41 and the second cylinder body bearing 32, hydraulic pressure
Cylinder 22 is fixed on vehicle frame, and two valve element cavitys are provided with hydraulic cylinder 22, and two valve element cavitys are rotation body structure, with input shaft
8 are arranged symmetrically.Two valve element cavitys are near the first linkage valve element return spring 21 and the side of the second linkage valve element return spring 37
Closing, has the first valve element oil inlet 17 and the second valve element oil inlet 36.First is separately installed with two spool chamber bodies
The linkage linkage valve element 35 of valve element 23 and second.The first linkage linkage valve element 35 of valve element 23 and second is the rotation of same appearance and size
Body structure, the first linkage linkage valve element 35 of valve element 23 and second is reversely installed.The first linkage linkage valve element 35 of valve element 23 and second
Side be piston structure, sealed by linkage valve core seal ring, be provided with linkage valve element return spring, opposite side be conical surface knot
Structure.First linkage valve element 23 is installed in the linkage spool chamber body being connected with the first oil-out 20, and conical surface end is near second piston
25 sides, the second linkage valve element 35 is installed in the linkage spool chamber body being connected with the second oil-out 38, and conical surface end is near first
The side of piston 18.First piston oil inlet 16 is provided with the hydraulic cylinder 22 of the side of first piston 18, is bored near the first linkage valve element 23
The hydraulic cylinder 22 of surface side is provided with the first oil-out 20；Second piston oil inlet 34 is provided with the hydraulic cylinder 22 of the side of second piston 25,
The second oil-out 38 is provided near the second linkage conical surface side hydraulic cylinder 22 of valve element 35.
As shown in Figure 2 a, there is the part of hydraulic oil hatching to represent in hydraulic cylinder and establish hydraulic pressure, empty part represents
Set up without hydraulic pressure.In order to promote the first linkage valve element to move, the thrust of the first linkage valve element 23 needs to meet following condition：
F1+F3＞ F2+F4
In formula, F1It is the pressure of the first linkage left end face of valve element 23, F2It is the bullet of the first linkage valve element return spring 21
Power, F3It is the pressure of the first linkage conical surface of valve element 23, F4For the pressure that the first linkage its right end face of valve element 23 is received.Above formula can table
The relation of linkage spool chamber body pressure and interstage valve core area is shown as, is shown below：
In formula, PlIt is the pressure of the left side cavity of hydraulic cylinder 22, PrIt is the pressure of the right side cavity of hydraulic cylinder 22, S1It is first
The left side lifting surface area of movable valve plug 23, S2It is the first linkage right side conical surface lifting surface area of valve element 23, S3It is the right side of the first linkage valve element 23
End face lifting surface area, k1It is the coefficient of elasticity of the first linkage valve element return spring 21, x1It is the displacement of spring.
The second linkage both sides liquid pressure of valve element 35 is consistent with the relation of each several part lifting surface area and the first linkage valve element 23.
Fuel tank 1 is connected by oil duct with oil pump 2, and connects filter 3, and filter 3 connects the first solenoid directional control valve respectively
7th, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 and the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 43.First solenoid directional control valve 7 is connected to the after connecting the first check valve 6
One piston oil inlet 16, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is connected to second piston oil inlet 34, the 3rd electricity after connecting the second check valve 4
Magnetic reversal valve 43 connects the first valve element oil inlet 17 and the second valve element oil inlet 36 respectively.First oil-out 20 and the second oil-out
38 are directly connected to fuel tank 1.First solenoid directional control valve 7, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 are normally opened two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve, the
Three solenoid directional control valves 43 are two position, three-way electromagnetic change valve.
The side of the first linkage linkage valve element 35 of valve element 23 and second is piston structure, is sealed by sealing ring, and opposite side is
Cone match on cone structure, with cylinder body, sectional area of the linkage valve element near conical surface side is less than piston structure side, linkage
Valve element moves left and right the hydraulic oil seal and draining for realizing conical surface side.
In Fig. 2, the one grade of output of the correspondence of first gear 10, the two grades of outputs of the correspondence of second gear 24.Linkage valve element and piston
Shown in initial position such as Fig. 2 b (1), top half is the partial enlarged drawing of the one end of the first linkage valve element 23 in figure, lower half in figure
It is divided into the partial enlarged drawing of the one end of the second linkage valve element 35.When system changes to one grade from neutral, the first solenoid directional control valve 7 dozens
Open, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is closed, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 43 connects the first valve element oil inlet 17, then start oil pump 2, liquid
Force feed sets up oil pressure by hydraulic cylinder 22 of first check valve 6 into first piston oil inlet 16 and in the side of first piston 18,
Oil pressure is set up by the first valve element oil inlet 17 and in the first linkage cavity of valve element 23.With the rising of oil pressure, the first interstage valve
Core 23 overcomes the effect of the first linkage valve element return spring 21 to move right to maximum position.Oil pressure continues to rise, and overcomes first
The effect of piston return spring 14 simultaneously promotes first piston 18 to be moved to the left, and first piston 18 promotes the first platen 13 to cause first
The steel disc 11 of friction plate 12 and first is combined, so as to change to one grade, shown in state such as Fig. 2 b (2) now.After completing gearshift, first
Solenoid directional control valve 7 is closed, and oil pump 2 is closed, the pressurize in the presence of the first check valve 6 of hydraulic cylinder 22 of the side of first piston 18,
First linkage valve element 23 is moved to the left in the presence of the first linkage valve element return spring 21, and the hydraulic oil in spool chamber body is returned to
Oil cylinder, shown in state such as Fig. 2 b (3) now.
When changing to two grades for one grade, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is opened, and the first solenoid directional control valve 7 is closed, the 3rd electromagnetic switch
Valve 43 connects the second valve element oil inlet 36, then starts oil pump 2, and hydraulic oil begins setting up oil into second piston oil inlet 34
Pressure, oil pressure is set up by the second valve element oil inlet 36 in the second linkage cavity of valve element 35.Due to the conical surface side of the valve element that links
Face area less than the other end face area, hydraulic oil rise during, second linkage valve element 35 will be moved to the left,
Second piston 25 moves right, and the hydraulic oil on the right side of hydraulic cylinder 22 enters the second oil-out by the conical surface of the second linkage valve element 35
38 return to fuel tank 1, so that the right side pressure release of hydraulic cylinder 22, such as return in the presence of return spring of first piston 18, Fig. 2 c (1)
Shown, the first friction plate 12 and the second steel disc 30 are gradually disengaged, and the second friction plate 29 and the second steel disc 30 are gradually combined, the first tooth
Wheel 10 and second gear 24 are with different rotating speeds rotation, the first friction plate 12 and the second steel disc 30, the second friction plate 29 and the second steel
It is sliding wear state between piece 30.With the rising of the right side oil pressure of hydraulic cylinder 22, the second linkage valve element 35 is moved to the left in place, and second
Piston 25 overcomes return spring active force to move right, and such as shown in Fig. 2 c (2), promotes the second platen 28 to cause the second friction plate 29
It is completely combined with the second steel disc 30, system changes to two grades, in shift process, is moved between two gears by sliding wear state excessively
Power output is uninterrupted.After completing gearshift, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is closed, and oil pump 2 is closed, the hydraulic cylinder of the side of second piston 25
22 pressurizes in the presence of the second check valve 4, the second linkage valve element 35 in the presence of the second linkage valve element return spring 37 to
Move left, such as shown in Fig. 2 c (3), the hydraulic oil in spool chamber body returns to oil cylinder.
When neutral is changed to for two grades, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 43 connects the first valve element oil inlet 17, the first solenoid directional control valve
7th, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is closed, and then turns on oil pump 2, because the piston structure side sectional area of the valve element that links is more than the conical surface
The sectional area of side, the first linkage valve element 23 moves right the right side hydraulic oil of hydraulic cylinder 22 by the first linkage conical flow of valve element 23
Enter the first oil-out 20, shown in the return in the presence of return spring of second piston 25, such as Fig. 2 d (1), the He of the second friction plate 29
Second steel disc 30 is separated, and system changes to neutral.After changing to neutral, oil pump 2 is closed, and the first linkage valve element 23 is in the first linkage valve element
It is moved to the left in the presence of return spring 21, the hydraulic oil in spool chamber body returns to oil cylinder.
Neutral changes to two grades and changes to that one grade of situation is similar with neutral, and two grades change to one grade and one grade and change to two grades of situation classes
Seemingly, one grade changes to neutral to change to neutral situation with two grades similar.
As shown in figure 1, the first output shaft gear 45 and the second output shaft gear 46 are disposed with output shaft 44, the first output
Shaft gear 45 and first gear 10 are engaged, and the second output shaft gear 46 is engaged with second gear 24.When the first friction plate 12 and
When one steel disc 11 is combined, the power of input shaft 8 is delivered on the first output shaft gear 45 by first gear 10, and output shaft 44 is
One grade of output；When the second friction plate 29 and the second steel disc 30 are combined, the power of input shaft 8 is delivered to by second gear 24
On two output shaft gears 46, output shaft 44 is two grades of outputs；When the first friction plate 12 and the first steel disc 11 are separated, while second rubs
When 29 and second steel disc of pad 30 is separated, the unpowered output of output shaft 44, is neutral.
Embodiment 2
As shown in figure 3, in electric automobile application, input shaft 8 is connected to the output shaft of motor, neutral can be by control
Motor stops realizing, it may not be necessary to the 3rd solenoid directional control valve 43 shown in Fig. 2.The connection of first solenoid directional control valve 7 first is single
To first piston oil inlet 16 is connected to after valve 6, the first valve element oil inlet 17 connects the outlet of the first solenoid directional control valve 7；Second
Solenoid directional control valve 5 is connected to second piston oil inlet 34, the electricity of the connection of the second valve element oil inlet 36 second after connecting the second check valve 4
The outlet of magnetic reversal valve 5.First oil-out 20 and the second oil-out 38 are directly connected to fuel tank 1.First solenoid directional control valve 7 and
Two solenoid directional control valves 5 are normally opened two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve.
The concrete operating principle of shift process is substantially the same manner as Example 1, does not repeat herein.
Embodiment 3
As shown in figure 4, a kind of uninterrupted gearshift of power based on planetary mechanism；Gear box 9 is fixed with vehicle frame,
Casing 9 is connected by bearing 8 with input shaft 32.First steel disc 10 is connected with hydraulic cylinder 24, and the first friction plate 11 connects with casing 9
Connect.Second steel disc 26 is installed on hydraulic cylinder 24, and hydraulic cylinder 24 is also simultaneously the gear ring of planetary mechanism, and the second friction plate 25 is installed
In on the sun gear 28 of planetary mechanism, sun gear 28 is fixed with input shaft 32.Planetary gear 27 is installed by planetary gear bearing
In on planet carrier 29, planet carrier 29 provides power output.Other modular constructions and embodiment 1 are essentially identical.
The number of teeth of sun gear 28 is z1, the gear ring number of teeth on hydraulic cylinder 24 is z2If,System has following mode of operation：
(1) when neutral changes to one grade, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is opened, and the first solenoid directional control valve 7 is closed, and oil pump 2 is opened,
Hydraulic oil enters piston hydraulic fluid port 34 and promotes second piston 23 to move right into second, and hydraulic oil is pushed away into the second valve element oil inlet 35
Dynamic second linkage valve element 36 is to left movement.As oil pressure rises, second piston 23 is moved right makes the second steel disc 26 and second rub
Pad 25 is combined, so that the gear ring on sun gear 28 and hydraulic cylinder 24 is rigidly connected, planet carrier 29 is exported with 1 gearratio.
After completing gearshift, the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is closed, and oil pump 2 is closed, the second linkage return of valve element 36.
(2) one grades when changing to two grades, the first solenoid directional control valve 7 is opened, and the second solenoid directional control valve 5 is closed, and oil pump is opened, liquid
Force feed promotes the first linkage valve element 21 to move right into the first valve element oil inlet, while hydraulic oil enters piston hydraulic fluid port into first
15 promote first piston 17 to left movement, and hydraulic oil is discharged from the first oil-out 20 is gone out, right side hydraulic cylinder pressure relief, the second steel disc 26
It is gradually disengaged with the second friction plate 25, the first steel disc 10 and the first friction plate 11 are gradually combined, the first steel disc 10 and first rubs
It is sliding wear state, gear ring, hydraulic cylinder on sun gear 28 and hydraulic cylinder 24 between piece 11, the second steel disc 26 and the second friction plate 25
It is non-rigid connection between gear ring and casing 9 on 24.As oil pressure rises, the second steel disc 26 and the second friction plate 25 divide completely
From first piston 17 is completely combined the first steel disc 10 and the first friction plate 11 to left movement, gear ring and case on hydraulic cylinder 24
Body 9 is fixed, and planet carrier 29 is exported with the gearratio of 1+ α, and due to the presence of sliding wear state, this process power output is uninterrupted.It is complete
Into after gearshift, the first solenoid directional control valve 7 is closed, and oil pump 2 is closed, the first linkage return of valve element 21.
Neutral change to two grades with neutral change to one grade it is similar, two grades change to one grade with one grade change to two grades it is similar.
The operation principle of hydraulic system and linkage valve element is substantially the same manner as Example 1 in shift process, does not repeat herein.
Claims (10)
1. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of a kind of power, it is characterised in that hydraulic cylinder is installed on input shaft, and hydraulic cylinder is provided with
Two valve element cavitys, are separately installed with the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element in two spool chamber bodies；First linkage valve element
Side with the second linkage valve element is piston structure, is sealed by linkage valve core seal ring, is provided with linkage valve element return spring, separately
Side is cone structure；The end face of the face area less than the other end of the conical surface side of the first linkage valve element and the second linkage valve element
Area；First linkage valve element is reversely installed with the second linkage valve element；First piston oil-feed is provided with the hydraulic cylinder of first piston side
Mouthful, the hydraulic cylinder near the first linkage valve element conical surface side is provided with the first oil-out；Second is provided with the hydraulic cylinder of second piston side
Piston oil inlet, the second oil-out is provided near the second linkage valve element conical surface side hydraulic cylinder；
The hydraulic cylinder is respectively arranged at two ends with first piston and second piston；First piston and second piston respectively with the first platen
Connected with the second platen；First piston return spring and first piston are connected, and first piston return spring is installed on first piston
In return spring seat, first piston return spring seat is connected with hydraulic cylinder；Second piston return spring and second piston are connected, the
Two piston return springs are installed in second piston return spring seat, and second piston return spring seat is connected with hydraulic cylinder；First
Friction plate passes through the extruding of the first platen and loosens the combination and separation realized with the first steel disc；Second friction plate is by the second pressure
The extruding of disk and loosen realize and the second steel disc combination and separation；First friction plate and the first steel disc, the second friction plate and
Two steel discs are connected with vehicle transmission gear respectively；
The hydraulic gear-shifting device at least includes two solenoid directional control valves, and at least two solenoid directional control valve one end are all by filtering
The connection of device, oil pump and fuel tank；The other end respectively with first piston oil inlet, second piston oil inlet, the first valve element oil inlet and
Second valve element oil inlet is connected；First oil-out and the second oil-out are directly connected to fuel tank.
2. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first linkage valve element and
Second linkage valve element is the rotation body structure of same appearance and size；First linkage valve element is installed on the connection being connected with the first oil-out
In movable valve plug cavity, conical surface end is installed on the linkage being connected with the second oil-out near second piston side, the second linkage valve element
In spool chamber body, conical surface end is near first piston side.
3. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder passes through first
The support of cylinder body bearing and the second cylinder body bearing is installed on input shaft.
4. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the hydraulic cylinder is fixed on car
On frame.
5. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vehicle transmission gear is
Fixed axis gear transmission device；The gear includes first gear and second gear；First gear is installed on defeated by clutch shaft bearing
Enter on axle, the first steel disc is installed in first gear, the first friction plate, the first steel disc and the first friction plate are installed on input shaft
It is flexibly connected；Second gear is installed on input shaft by second bearing, the second steel disc is provided with second gear, on input shaft
Second friction plate is installed, the second steel disc and the second friction plate are flexibly connected.
6. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the first piston and hydraulic pressure
First piston inner seal ring and first piston exterior seal ring are provided between cylinder；Second is respectively equipped between second piston and hydraulic cylinder
Inner carrier sealing ring and the second outer piston sealing ring.
7. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the vehicle transmission gear is
Planetary transmission；Gear box is fixed with vehicle frame, and casing is connected by bearing with input shaft；First steel disc and hydraulic pressure
Cylinder is connected, and the first friction plate is connected with casing；Second steel disc is installed on hydraulic cylinder, and hydraulic cylinder is also simultaneously the tooth of planetary mechanism
Circle, the second friction plate is installed on the sun gear of planetary mechanism, and sun gear is fixed with input shaft；Planetary gear passes through planetary gear
Bearing is installed on planet carrier.
8. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the solenoid directional control valve is three
It is individual；Respectively the first solenoid directional control valve, the second solenoid directional control valve and the 3rd solenoid directional control valve；First solenoid directional control valve connection first
First piston oil inlet is connected to after check valve, the second solenoid directional control valve is connected to second piston oil-feed after connecting the second check valve
Mouthful, the 3rd solenoid directional control valve connects the first valve element oil inlet and the second valve element oil inlet respectively.
9. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the solenoid directional control valve is two
It is individual；Respectively the first solenoid directional control valve and the second solenoid directional control valve；First solenoid directional control valve is connected to after connecting the first check valve
First piston oil inlet, the first valve element oil inlet connects the outlet of the first solenoid directional control valve；Second solenoid directional control valve connection second
Second piston oil inlet is connected to after check valve, the second valve element oil inlet connects the outlet of the second solenoid directional control valve.
10. the uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterised in that first electromagnetism is changed
To valve, the second solenoid directional control valve be to valve be normally opened two-position two-way electromagnetic directional valve；3rd solenoid directional control valve is two-position three way electricity
Magnetic reversal valve.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710059234.7A CN106704567B (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-24 | A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710059234.7A CN106704567B (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-24 | A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106704567A true CN106704567A (en) | 2017-05-24 |
| CN106704567B CN106704567B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
Family
ID=58909673
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201710059234.7A Active CN106704567B (en) | 2017-01-24 | 2017-01-24 | A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106704567B (en) |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110425264A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 山东雷沃传动有限公司 | A kind of control system and control method of electrichydraulic control gearbox |
| CN110725940A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-24 | 河南省瑞歌传动机械有限公司 | Gear box |
| CN112178172A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-05 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Double-clutch multi-gear gearbox and electric automobile |
| WO2023092589A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Transmission mechanism |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4947974A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1990-08-14 | Deere & Company | Fast fill hydraulic clutch |
| CN2069945U (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1991-01-23 | 南昌矿山机械研究所 | Soft start hydraulic shifting gearbox |
| US5651288A (en) * | 1995-10-02 | 1997-07-29 | Twin Disc, Incorporated | Hydraulically operated friction clutch with shift shock prevention and method of using same |
| JP2006312956A (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fastening control device of automatic transmission |
| CN102537329A (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-04 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Power gear shift speed change bridge and engineering machinery |
| CN103062241A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Integrated structure clutch applied to gearbox |
| CN203670730U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-06-25 | 重庆长兴工业有限公司 | Hydraulic gear shifter |
-
2017
- 2017-01-24 CN CN201710059234.7A patent/CN106704567B/en active Active
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4947974A (en) * | 1988-01-15 | 1990-08-14 | Deere & Company | Fast fill hydraulic clutch |
| CN2069945U (en) * | 1989-12-19 | 1991-01-23 | 南昌矿山机械研究所 | Soft start hydraulic shifting gearbox |
| US5651288A (en) * | 1995-10-02 | 1997-07-29 | Twin Disc, Incorporated | Hydraulically operated friction clutch with shift shock prevention and method of using same |
| JP2006312956A (en) * | 2005-05-06 | 2006-11-16 | Toyota Motor Corp | Fastening control device of automatic transmission |
| CN102537329A (en) * | 2012-02-06 | 2012-07-04 | 三一重工股份有限公司 | Power gear shift speed change bridge and engineering machinery |
| CN103062241A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2013-04-24 | 山推工程机械股份有限公司 | Integrated structure clutch applied to gearbox |
| CN203670730U (en) * | 2013-11-26 | 2014-06-25 | 重庆长兴工业有限公司 | Hydraulic gear shifter |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110725940A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2020-01-24 | 河南省瑞歌传动机械有限公司 | Gear box |
| CN110425264A (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2019-11-08 | 山东雷沃传动有限公司 | A kind of control system and control method of electrichydraulic control gearbox |
| CN110425264B (en) * | 2019-09-04 | 2024-02-06 | 山东雷沃传动有限公司 | Control system and control method for electrohydraulic control gearbox |
| CN112178172A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2021-01-05 | 安徽江淮汽车集团股份有限公司 | Double-clutch multi-gear gearbox and electric automobile |
| WO2023092589A1 (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2023-06-01 | 舍弗勒技术股份两合公司 | Transmission mechanism |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106704567B (en) | 2019-05-14 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| KR960015251B1 (en) | Hydraulic control apparatus for automatic transmission | |
| KR100293877B1 (en) | Potation clutch device for automatic transmission | |
| CN106704567B (en) | A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power | |
| JP5097880B2 (en) | Dual clutch transmission | |
| CA2299804C (en) | Control device for vehicle automatic transmission | |
| KR100331625B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission | |
| CN100489349C (en) | Oil-pressure control device of automatic speed variator | |
| CN102803790B (en) | Comprise the system of at least one jaw clutch | |
| US4262554A (en) | Hydraulic valve system for controlling particularly a vehicle gearbox | |
| KR100953307B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system of 8-shift automatic transmission for vehicles | |
| JP2004526922A (en) | Switching transmission | |
| CN102549314A (en) | Method for operating a drive train | |
| CN102741593A (en) | Automatic transmission hydraulic control device | |
| KR100507492B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission with six gears for vehicle | |
| KR100320528B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission | |
| KR101012470B1 (en) | Multi stage automatic transmission | |
| JPS6213849A (en) | Control mechanism for speed change shift in automatic transmission | |
| CN210014003U (en) | Hydraulic control system and front-mounted rear-drive hydraulic automatic gearbox comprising same | |
| CN206563075U (en) | A kind of uninterrupted hydraulic gear-shifting device of power for automobile | |
| JP2690787B2 (en) | Transmission for vehicles | |
| JP3806817B2 (en) | Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission for vehicles | |
| KR20200062744A (en) | Oil pressure control system for a vehicle with an auto transmission and an auto transmission | |
| KR100357593B1 (en) | Hydraulic control system for automatic transmission | |
| US5616091A (en) | Integrated hydro-mechanical multiple lockup transmission | |
| CN109826945B (en) | Hydraulic automatic flow speed selecting system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |