CN106702109A - Pre-stress straightening device, quenching equipment and thermal treatment method for long-axis workpieces - Google Patents

Pre-stress straightening device, quenching equipment and thermal treatment method for long-axis workpieces Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106702109A
CN106702109A CN201611161568.7A CN201611161568A CN106702109A CN 106702109 A CN106702109 A CN 106702109A CN 201611161568 A CN201611161568 A CN 201611161568A CN 106702109 A CN106702109 A CN 106702109A
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China
Prior art keywords
quenching
workpiece
clamping
sliding block
platform
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CN201611161568.7A
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CN106702109B (en
Inventor
王小明
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Liyang Hongda Machinery Equipment Co.,Ltd.
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王小明
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62Quenching devices
    • C21D1/63Quenching devices for bath quenching
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D3/00Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts
    • B21D3/10Straightening or restoring form of metal rods, metal tubes, metal profiles, or specific articles made therefrom, whether or not in combination with sheet metal parts between rams and anvils or abutments
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D43/00Feeding, positioning or storing devices combined with, or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, apparatus for working or processing sheet metal, metal tubes or metal profiles; Associations therewith of cutting devices
    • B21D43/02Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool
    • B21D43/04Advancing work in relation to the stroke of the die or tool by means in mechanical engagement with the work
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21DWORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21D53/00Making other particular articles
    • B21D53/88Making other particular articles other parts for vehicles, e.g. cowlings, mudguards
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21DMODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D9/00Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
    • C21D9/28Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for plain shafts

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a pres-stress straightening device, quenching equipment and a thermal treatment method for long-axis workpieces. The thermal treatment method comprises the following steps of clamping and straightening workpieces to be subjected to thermal treatment through the pre-stress straightening device before quenching; and keeping the workpieces to enter a quenching slot to perform quenching in a clamped state. Deformation of the workpieces is controlled, deformation stress is reduced to the greatest extent, next manual correcting is omitted, and performances of the workpieces subjected to thermal treatment can also meet requirements.

Description

A kind of prestressing force straightener, quenching apparatus and long-axle workpieces heat treatment method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of prestressing force straightener, the quenching apparatus including the prestressing force straightener and major axis class Workpiece thermal treatment method, it is adaptable to the heat treatment of long-axle workpieces, belongs to long-axle workpieces manufacturing process technology field.
Background technology
Existing long-axle workpieces, such as integral type semi-mounted axletree, this axis and shaft partses are in processing or heat treatment process Flexural deformation is also easy to produce, therefore needs artificial alignment after heat treatment, alignment precision is affected by human factors greatly, and core hardness It is extremely difficult to require with intensity.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is provide a kind of aligning for long-axle workpieces and Deformation control pre- Stress straightening device, including the prestressing force straightener quenching apparatus and long-axle workpieces heat treatment method, by quenching Deformation before fiery in the aligning and quenching process of workpiece to workpiece is controlled, and deformational stress is at utmost reduced, after eliminating Workpiece performance after the artificial correction in road, and heat treatment can also meet requirement.
In order to solve the above problems, a kind of prestressing force straightener that the present invention is provided, for the aligning of long-axle workpieces And Deformation control, including at least two clamping units being arranged symmetrically along Workpiece length direction midpoint, the clamping unit arrangement On a quenching platform, the quenching platform is provided with the first sliding block that can be moved axially along workpiece, and each clamping unit is located at On one the first sliding block, the clamping unit keeps the clamping to workpiece before quenching and in quenching process.
Preferably, the clamping unit include a clamping cylinder, for by the left clamping head of Workpiece clamping or release and the right side Clamping head, the piston rod of the clamping cylinder is connected with left clamping head and left clamping head can be driven to move left and right, the left clamping Head and right clamping head are arranged on the first sliding block, and are slidably connected with the first sliding block, and the right clamping head is limited by regulating bolt Position.
Further, first sliding block is provided with inverted T shape groove, and the left clamping head and right clamping head pass through the inverted T shape Groove is slidably connected with the first sliding block.
Further, also including the spring resetted for the first sliding block, one end of the spring is fixed on the first sliding block, The other end of the spring is fixed on quenching platform.
Preferably, also wait to press from both sides for workpiece to be pushed to including at least one push unit being arranged on quenching platform Tight position, described each push unit is arranged on one second sliding block, and the second sliding block also can be on quenching platform along workpiece spindle To movement.
Further, described each push unit includes that one pushes oil cylinder and a vee-block, the piston rod of the push oil cylinder It is connected with vee-block and vee-block can be driven to move left and right, the workpiece is positioned on vee-block, and the vee-block is arranged at the second cunning On block, and it is slidably connected with the second sliding block.
The quenching apparatus that the application is provided, including prestressing force straightener as described above, also including quenching tank, swing arm and Lifting platform unit, the quenching platform is fixed in swing arm, and the lifting platform unit is fixed on quenching tank, the swing arm One end be rotatably connected on quenching tank, the other end of the swing arm is connected with lifting platform unit so that the platform liter Drop unit can drive swing arm motion, and quenching platform is swung into quenching tank, show quenching platform after workpiece quenching terminates Quenching tank.
Preferably, it is provided with the quenching tank:
Medium agitating device, for uniform Cooling Quenching medium;
The circulatory system, the heat brought into during for by workpiece quenching is taken away;
Pressure medium injects cooling system, for being cooled down to workpiece.
The long-axle workpieces heat treatment method that the present invention is provided is comprised the following steps:
1) before the quenching using any one prestressing force straightener in claim 1-8 to Workpiece clamping to be heated Aligning;
2) state for keeping workpiece clamped is quenched into quenching tank;
3) workpiece is kept to leave quenching tank in the state of being clamped.
Preferably, step 1) in, before quenching, workpiece is pushed into clamped position by push unit, it is then single by clamping Unit aligns to Workpiece clamping.
Further, described clamping is progressively to be clamped or synchronous clamping by centre to both sides successively.
Preferably, after the workpiece is clamped, the quenching platform is swung in pond by the swing arm, and is done back and forth in water Swing, to carry out uniform fully quenching to workpiece.
Preferably, the workpiece is hollow, and when the workpiece swings in water, the pressure medium injects cooling system Water is sprayed into workpiece inner wall by the one end of workpiece, with cooling down workpiece inwall.
Preferably, aligning is clamped from prestressing force straightener to be no more than 25 seconds to the process for completing quenching.
Preferably, in quenching process, clamping unit is changed over time to the clamping force of workpiece.
Prestressing force straightener of the invention is by several groups of clamping units pair being arranged symmetrically along Workpiece length direction midpoint Prestressing force aligning is carried out before workpiece quenching, the clamping to workpiece is still kept in quenching process, with reach control workpiece deformation, Be met the workpiece of performance requirement, without being heat-treated after manual process aligning.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is quenching apparatus top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is quenching apparatus front view of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is prestressing force straightener.
Fig. 4 is the right view of Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is push unit schematic diagram of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
Present invention firstly provides a kind of prestressing force straightener, it is adaptable to before heat treatment with heat treatment process in, for The aligning and Deformation control of long-axle workpieces, by taking Trailer car shaft as an example, quenching apparatus as shown in Figure 1, including left and right two is quenched Fiery groove 6, is respectively provided with a quenching platform 3 above each quenching tank, and it is flat that prestressing force straightener of the invention is just located at quenching On platform 3, by taking the quenching tank 6 on the left side as an example, the prestressing force straightener on quenching platform 3 is included along the length direction midpoint of axletree 1 Totally 6 clamping units 2 being arranged symmetrically, front and rear each 3, each clamping unit 2 controls to add axletree by hydraulic jack Pressure, clamping unit 2 still keeps the clamping to workpiece 1 before quenching and in quenching process, it is right that the dynamic clamping force before quenching reaches One pre-straightening of axletree, the clamping force in quenching process can be adjusted with the time, farthest reduce the bending of axletree Deformation, and do not destroy axletree, i.e., clamping force can adjust change in whole process.As shown in figures 1 and 3, quenching platform 3 At least one the first sliding block 11 that can be moved axially along workpiece is provided with, each clamping unit 2 is on first sliding block 11.
As shown in figure 3, clamping unit 2 include a clamping cylinder 23, for by the left clamping head 21 of Workpiece clamping or release With right clamping head 22, the piston rod of clamping cylinder 23 is connected with left clamping head 21 and left clamping head 21 can be driven to move left and right, because This example clamp be that section is square axletree, therefore left clamping head 21 and right clamping head 22 surrounded clamping chamber section and car The cross sectional shape of axle matches, and left clamping head 21 is arranged on the first sliding block 11, and is slidably connected with the first sliding block 11, specifically Ground, the first sliding block 11 is provided with inverted T shape groove, and left clamping head and right clamping head are slided by the inverted T shape groove and the first sliding block 11 and connected Connect.
A thrust plate is fixed on first sliding block 11, thrust plate is provided with a regulating bolt 24, and right clamping head 22 is by regulation spiral shell Bolt 24 is spacing, and finely tuning the position of right clamping head 22 by tightening or unscrew regulating bolt 24 adapts to the axletree of different size Clamp.
As shown in figure 1, the spring 4 for making the first sliding block 11 reset is provided between quenching platform and the first sliding block 11, One end of spring 4 is fixed on the first sliding block 11, and the other end of spring 4 is fixed on quenching platform 3, and axletree 1 is in quenching process In, contraction is had vertically, the first sliding block 11 is corresponding vertically mobile under the drive of axletree 1, and spring 4 is compressed;Work as quenching After end, left clamping head 21 unclamp axletree when, spring 4 drive the first sliding block 11 reset, just can carry out the next clamping of axletree.
As shown in figure 5,2 workpiece push units 5 are provided with quenching platform 3, it is to be clamped for workpiece 1 to be pushed to Position, each push unit 5 is arranged on 12 on one second sliding block, and each workpiece push unit 5 includes that one pushes the He of oil cylinder 51 One vee-block 52, pushes the piston rod of oil cylinder 51 and being connected and vee-block 52 being driven to move left and right for vee-block 52, and workpiece 1 is placed In on vee-block 52, vee-block 52 is arranged on the second sliding block 12, and is slidably connected with the second sliding block 12.Second sliding block 12 also can be Moved axially along workpiece on quenching platform 3.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 5, the bottom of the first sliding block 11 and the second sliding block 12 is equipped with dovetail groove, correspondingly, in quenching The dovetail guide along workpiece axial direction is provided with platform 3, is slidably matched with above-mentioned dovetail groove, so that the first sliding block 11 and second Sliding block 12 can slide axially on quenching platform 3 along workpiece.
Quenching apparatus as shown in Figure 1 also include quenching tank 6, swing arm 8 and platform lifting unit 9, and quenching platform 3 is fixed on In swing arm 8, lifting platform unit 9 is fixed on quenching tank 6, and one end of swing arm 8 is rotatably connected on quenching tank 6, swing arm 8 The other end is connected with lifting platform unit 9 so that lifting platform unit 9 can drive swing arm 8 to move, by quenching platform 3 swing into Enter quenching tank 6, quenching platform 3 is shown into quenching tank 6 after workpiece quenching terminates.
Medium agitating device is additionally provided with the quenching tank 6 of the application, for uniform Cooling Quenching medium;The circulatory system, uses The heat brought into when by workpiece quenching is taken away;Pressure medium injects cooling system 7, for being cooled down to axletree.
The semi-mounted axle heat treatment method of the application is as follows:
Workpiece described in this example is a hollow axletree 1, and axletree 1 is fallen into vee-block 52 by manipulator control, by 2 push Oil cylinder 51 promotes vee-block 52 and axletree 1 together to move, until the side surface of axletree 1 one is fitted with the inner surface of right clamping head 22, then Left clamping head 21 is moved to the opposite side of axletree 1 and clamps axletree 1, by 6 clamping cylinders totally 3 groups successively by centre to both sides progressively Clamp, also can synchronous clamping, as long as clamping can guarantee that axletree 1 does not occur moderate finite deformation, clamping force also may be used during this To adjust, after the completion of the aligning before quenching, axletree keeps the state of this clamped aligning to be quenched into quenching tank, specifically, Quenching platform 3 is fixed in a swing arm 8, and quenching platform 3 is together swung in quenching tank 6 together with clamped axletree 1 by swing arm 8 Cooling medium in, and swung back and forth in cooling medium (being axletree underwater penetration for liquid level at A in Fig. 2, B at), while Pressure medium injects cooling system 7 and water is sprayed into axletree inwall by the one end of axletree 1, with cooling axle inwall, axletree is entered Row quenching, after the cool time arrives, quenching platform 3 is shown the water surface by swing arm 8 together with clamped axletree 1 again, and is resetted, then Three groups of clamping cylinders 23 unclamp axletree, and manipulator removes the axletree that quenching is finished from quenching platform 3, then again will be next Root axletree to be quenched is put on quenching platform 3.It is clamped from prestressing force straightener and is aligned to the process for completing quenching not More than 25 seconds.Also, in quenching process, the clamping force of clamping unit pair is changed over time so that axletree is quenched Preferable leveling effect is reached in journey.The quenching tank of left and right two shares a workpiece conveyer frames for centre, the work for heating in Fig. 1 Part is sent between two quenching tanks by workpiece conveyer frames, and is placed into the vee-block 52 of both sides by manipulator, is subtracted as far as possible In the case that few frock is configured, the efficiency of axletree heat treatment is improve.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
First, clamping unit is fixed using side, and opposite side clamping cylinder is promoted and clamped, it is ensured that workpiece is flat in aligning Straight degree.
Secondly, before workpiece enters water quenching, clamping unit applies prestressing force and aligning is clamped to axletree, then quenches When, during workpiece axial deformation, the first sliding block also follow workpiece axial movement, it is to avoid workpiece axial deformation is excessive and rupture, and , for the persistent pressure of workpiece, clamping force constantly adjusts for left gripping block and right gripping block, controls workpiece radial deformation.
Again, in the application quenching apparatus, the Fixture Design such as clamping unit, push unit can very well control axletree to deform, Meet the performance requirement of axletree, operation is manually aligned without rear road.
Exemplary explanation simply is carried out to invention above, specific implementation of the invention is not limited thereto.Appoint The insubstantial modifications what is carried out using design of the invention and technical scheme, within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (15)

1. a kind of prestressing force straightener, for the aligning and Deformation control of long-axle workpieces, it is characterised in that including along workpiece (1) at least two clamping units (2) that length direction midpoint is arranged symmetrically, the clamping unit (2) is arranged in a quenching platform (3) on, the quenching platform (3) is provided with the first sliding block (11) that can be moved axially along workpiece, and each clamping unit (2) is located at On one the first sliding block (11), the clamping unit (2) keeps the clamping to workpiece (1) before quenching and in quenching process.
2. prestressing force straightener according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the clamping unit (2) includes that clamps Oil cylinder (23), left clamping head (21) and right clamping head (22) for clamping or unclamping workpiece (1), the clamping cylinder (23) Piston rod be connected with left clamping head (21) and left clamping head (21) can be driven to move left and right, the left clamping head (21) and right folder Tight head (22) is arranged on the first sliding block (11), and is slidably connected with the first sliding block (11), and the right clamping head (22) is by adjusting Section bolt (24) is spacing.
3. prestressing force straightener according to claim 2, it is characterised in that first sliding block (11) is provided with down T Type groove, the left clamping head (21) and right clamping head (22) are slidably connected by the inverted T shape groove with the first sliding block (11).
4. prestressing force straightener according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including being resetted for the first sliding block (11) Spring (4), one end of the spring (4) is fixed on the first sliding block (11), and the other end of the spring (4) is fixed on quenching On platform (3).
5. prestressing force straightener according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also including being arranged on quenching platform (3) At least one push unit (5), for workpiece (1) to be pushed into position to be clamped, described each push unit (5) is respectively provided with On one second sliding block (12), the second sliding block (12) can also be moved axially on quenching platform (3) along workpiece.
6. prestressing force straightener according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described each push unit (5) is including Push oil cylinder (51) and a vee-block (52), the piston rod of push oil cylinder (51) is connected with vee-block (52) and can drive V-arrangement Block (52) is moved left and right, and the workpiece (1) is positioned on vee-block (52), and the vee-block (52) is arranged at the second sliding block (12) On, and be slidably connected with the second sliding block (12).
7. a kind of quenching apparatus, it is characterised in that the quenching apparatus include pre- as described in any one in claim 1-6 Stress straightening device, also including quenching tank (6), swing arm (8) and platform lifting unit (9), the quenching platform (3) is fixed on pendulum On arm (8), the lifting platform unit (9) is fixed on quenching tank (6), and one end of the swing arm (8) is rotatably connected and is quenching On fiery groove (6), the other end of the swing arm (8) is connected with lifting platform unit (9) so that the lifting platform unit (9) can Swing arm (8) motion is driven, quenching platform (3) quenching tank (6) is swung into, by quenching platform (3) after workpiece quenching terminates Show quenching tank (6).
8. quenching apparatus according to claim 7, it is characterised in that be provided with the quenching tank:
Medium agitating device, for uniform Cooling Quenching medium;
The circulatory system, the heat brought into during for by workpiece quenching is taken away;
Pressure medium injects cooling system (7), for being cooled down to workpiece.
9. a kind of long-axle workpieces heat treatment method, it is characterised in that the heat treatment method is comprised the following steps:
1) Workpiece clamping to be heated is rectified using any one prestressing force straightener in claim 1-6 before quenching Directly;
2) state for keeping workpiece (1) clamped is quenched into quenching tank (6);
3) workpiece (1) is kept to leave quenching tank (6) in the state of being clamped.
10. long-axle workpieces heat treatment method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that step 1) in, before quenching, Workpiece is pushed into clamped position by push unit (5), Workpiece clamping is aligned by clamping unit (2) then.
11. long-axle workpieces heat treatment methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the clamping is successively in Between progressively clamped or synchronous clamping to both sides.
12. long-axle workpieces heat treatment methods according to claim 11, it is characterised in that the workpiece (1) is clamped Afterwards, the quenching platform (3) is swung in pond by the swing arm (8), and is swung back and forth in water, is carried out with to workpiece (1) Even abundant quenching.
13. long-axle workpieces heat treatment methods according to claim 12, it is characterised in that the workpiece (1) is hollow , when the workpiece (1) swings in water, the pressure medium inject cooling system (7) by water by workpiece (11) one end Workpiece inner wall is sprayed into, with cooling down workpiece inwall.
The 14. long-axle workpieces heat treatment method according to any one in claim 9-13, it is characterised in that answered from pre- Power straightener is clamped aligning and is no more than 25 seconds to the process for completing quenching.
The 15. long-axle workpieces heat treatment method according to any one in claim 9-13, it is characterised in that in quenching During, clamping unit (2) is changed over time to the clamping force of workpiece.
CN201611161568.7A 2016-12-15 2016-12-15 A kind of prestressing force straightener, quenching apparatus and long-axle workpieces heat treatment method Active CN106702109B (en)

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CN106702109B CN106702109B (en) 2018-10-09

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110918697A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-03-27 山东交通学院 Automatic aligning device for scaffold steel pipe

Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1060539A (en) * 1996-08-15 1998-03-03 Nippon Seiko Kk Reform tempering apparatus
CN201030520Y (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-03-05 邵培森 Self-centering eccentric wheel type hydraulic clamp
CN103589832A (en) * 2013-11-04 2014-02-19 镇江市天祥精密机电有限公司 Quenching machine tool capable of preventing bending deformation of slender rod piece during quenching
CN206385210U (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-08-08 王小明 A kind of prestressing force straightener and quenching apparatus

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1060539A (en) * 1996-08-15 1998-03-03 Nippon Seiko Kk Reform tempering apparatus
CN201030520Y (en) * 2007-03-16 2008-03-05 邵培森 Self-centering eccentric wheel type hydraulic clamp
CN103589832A (en) * 2013-11-04 2014-02-19 镇江市天祥精密机电有限公司 Quenching machine tool capable of preventing bending deformation of slender rod piece during quenching
CN206385210U (en) * 2016-12-15 2017-08-08 王小明 A kind of prestressing force straightener and quenching apparatus

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110918697A (en) * 2019-12-26 2020-03-27 山东交通学院 Automatic aligning device for scaffold steel pipe
CN110918697B (en) * 2019-12-26 2021-03-02 山东交通学院 Automatic aligning device for scaffold steel pipe

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