CN106699203A - 一种长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN106699203A
CN106699203A CN201611175538.1A CN201611175538A CN106699203A CN 106699203 A CN106699203 A CN 106699203A CN 201611175538 A CN201611175538 A CN 201611175538A CN 106699203 A CN106699203 A CN 106699203A
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refractory bricks
changjiang river
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晋元龙
陈德全
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Ma'an Mountain Bao Long Building Material Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法，其由以下重量份的原料制成：长江卵石16‑24、煤泥24‑38、勃姆石15‑25、菱镁石尾矿12‑23、尖晶石10‑15、硅微粉13‑21、钒铁渣16‑28、红柱石14‑22、炉窑灰15‑25、铁矾土25‑35、千枚岩11‑19、亚硫酸盐纸浆8‑14、黄河泥沙10‑15。本发明长江卵石既与红柱石、勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石等原料复合作为耐火砖的耐火原料，也可与炉窑灰、黄河泥沙、钒铁渣、千枚岩等原料复合作为耐火砖的填充性材料，使制得的耐火砖综合性能优异，具有强度高，荷重软化温度高，耐高温性好、抗酸碱腐蚀能力强，抗热震性能好等特性。

Description

一种长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法，属于耐火材料领域。
背景技术
耐火砖是一种建筑材料砖类，它的属性跟它名字一样“耐火”。它是用耐火黏土或其他耐火原料烧制成的耐火材料，能够在高温下能经受各种物理化学变化和机械作用。耐火砖在我们的生活中并不常见，但却在一些和我们生活息息相关的建筑中出现，比如房屋建筑、窑炉建筑、热工设备等。
专利号为：201510494613.X的发明专利公开了一种利用煤矸石生产的发泡保温耐火砖及其制备方法，其原料组成按重量份配比为煤矸石40～60份、铝土矿尾矿30～50份、粉煤灰2～15份，硅砂0～15份、亚硫酸纸浆废液0～1份。该发明提供的一种利用煤矸石为主要原料生产的发泡保温耐火砖及其制备方法，虽然解决了目前国内市场上轻质耐火保温砖耐火度低、成型差、强度低与成本高的问题，但是随着科学技术的快速发展以及经济水平的不断提高，对耐火砖的综合性能提出了更高的要求，市场上需要一种综合性能更优异的耐火砖。
发明内容
本发明目的在于提供一种综合性能优异的长江卵石耐火砖及其制备方法。
为了实现上目的，本发明采用如下技术方案：
一种长江卵石耐火砖，由以下重量份的原料制成：长江卵石16-24、煤泥24-38、勃姆石15-25、菱镁石尾矿12-23、尖晶石10-15、硅微粉13-21、钒铁渣16-28、红柱石14-22、炉窑灰15-25、铁矾土25-35、千枚岩11-19、亚硫酸盐纸浆8-14、黄河泥沙10-15。
一种长江卵石耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将长江卵石、硅微粉、红柱石混合均匀，粉碎，过50-100目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量35-45%的碳酸钠和30-40%的硝酸钠，800-1200r/min干法球磨10-20min，然后在940-980℃的温度下煅烧2-3h，冷却至室温；
（2）将勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石混合均匀，粉碎，过80-120目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量50-60%的硫酸钠和15-25%的氯化钠，500-1000r/min干法球磨15-25min，然后在400-600W的功率下微波加热3-5h，再在700-900W的功率下微波加热2-4h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将煤泥、铁矾土、钒铁渣、千枚岩混合均匀，粉碎，过50-100目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在35-40%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及炉窑灰、亚硫酸盐纸浆、黄河泥沙等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为16-22MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护24-48h，再在80-100℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以6-8℃/min的速率升温至740-790℃，保温3-4h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至300-350℃，保温5-7h，再以5-7℃/min的速率升温至980-1040℃，保温4-5h，然后以2-4℃/min的速率升温至1360-1420℃，保温6-8h，再以4-6℃/min的速率降温至630-670℃，保温4-6h，冷却至常温即可。
本发明的有益效果：
（1）本发明首先将长江卵石、硅微粉、红柱石在碳酸钠和硝酸钠的熔盐下煅烧，然后再与勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石混合，在硫酸钠和氯化钠的熔盐下微波煅烧得到的复合粉体具有优异的耐火性能，加入砖中作为原料，可以显著耐火砖的耐火度；
（2）本发明长江卵石既与红柱石、勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石等原料复合作为耐火砖的耐火原料，也可与炉窑灰、黄河泥沙、钒铁渣、千枚岩等原料复合作为耐火砖的填充性材料，使制得的耐火砖综合性能优异，具有强度高，荷重软化温度高，耐高温性好、抗酸碱腐蚀能力强，抗热震性能好等特性。
具体实施方式
一种长江卵石耐火砖，由以下重量（kg）的原料制成：长江卵石20、煤泥32、勃姆石20、菱镁石尾矿18、尖晶石12、硅微粉17、钒铁渣21、红柱石18、炉窑灰20、铁矾土30、千枚岩15、亚硫酸盐纸浆10、黄河泥沙12。
一种长江卵石耐火砖的制备方法，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将长江卵石、硅微粉、红柱石混合均匀，粉碎，过80目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量40%的碳酸钠和35%的硝酸钠，1000r/min干法球磨15min，然后在960℃的温度下煅烧2.5h，冷却至室温；
（2）将勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石混合均匀，粉碎，过100目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量55%的硫酸钠和20%的氯化钠，800r/min干法球磨20min，然后在500W的功率下微波加热4h，再在800W的功率下微波加热3h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将煤泥、铁矾土、钒铁渣、千枚岩混合均匀，粉碎，过80目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在38%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及炉窑灰、亚硫酸盐纸浆、黄河泥沙等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为20MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护36h，再在90℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以7℃/min的速率升温至760℃，保温3h，再以3℃/min的速率降温至330℃，保温6h，再以6℃/min的速率升温至1010℃，保温4h，然后以3℃/min的速率升温至1390℃，保温7h，再以5℃/min的速率降温至650℃，保温5h，冷却至常温即可。
上述实施例制得的耐火砖的的主要性能检测结果如下表所示：
项目 单位 检测结果
耐火度 ℃ 1840
耐压强度 MPa 81
抗折强度 MPa 26
荷重软化温度（T0.6） ℃ 1705
热震稳定性（1100℃，水冷） 次 27

Claims (2)

1.一种长江卵石耐火砖，其特征在于，由以下重量份的原料制成：长江卵石16-24、煤泥24-38、勃姆石15-25、菱镁石尾矿12-23、尖晶石10-15、硅微粉13-21、钒铁渣16-28、红柱石14-22、炉窑灰15-25、铁矾土25-35、千枚岩11-19、亚硫酸盐纸浆8-14、黄河泥沙10-15。
2.一种如权利要求1所述的长江卵石耐火砖的制备方法，其特征在于，由下列步骤组成：
（1）将长江卵石、硅微粉、红柱石混合均匀，粉碎，过50-100目筛，加入相当于混合粉末质量35-45%的碳酸钠和30-40%的硝酸钠，800-1200r/min干法球磨10-20min，然后在940-980℃的温度下煅烧2-3h，冷却至室温；
（2）将勃姆石、菱镁石尾矿、尖晶石混合均匀，粉碎，过80-120目筛，加入步骤（1）煅烧后的粉末，混合均匀，再加入相当于混合粉末质量50-60%的硫酸钠和15-25%的氯化钠，500-1000r/min干法球磨15-25min，然后在400-600W的功率下微波加热3-5h，再在700-900W的功率下微波加热2-4h，冷却至室温，用蒸馏水洗涤干净，干燥；
（3）将煤泥、铁矾土、钒铁渣、千枚岩混合均匀，粉碎，过50-100目筛，然后加入适量的水，搅拌均匀，使得混合料的含水率控制在35-40%，再加入步骤（2）制得的粉末以及炉窑灰、亚硫酸盐纸浆、黄河泥沙等原料，搅拌均匀；
（4）将步骤（3）制得的湿料加入到制砖机中压制成型，成型压力为16-22MPa；然后将成型后的湿坯自然养护24-48h，再在80-100℃的温度下干燥至含水率≤3%；
（5）将步骤（4）干燥的砖坯以6-8℃/min的速率升温至740-790℃，保温3-4h，再以2-4℃/min的速率降温至300-350℃，保温5-7h，再以5-7℃/min的速率升温至980-1040℃，保温4-5h，然后以2-4℃/min的速率升温至1360-1420℃，保温6-8h，再以4-6℃/min的速率降温至630-670℃，保温4-6h，冷却至常温即可。
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