CN106699185A - Aluminum alloy composite material - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy composite material Download PDFInfo
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- CN106699185A CN106699185A CN201611075336.XA CN201611075336A CN106699185A CN 106699185 A CN106699185 A CN 106699185A CN 201611075336 A CN201611075336 A CN 201611075336A CN 106699185 A CN106699185 A CN 106699185A
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- C04B35/563—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on non-oxide ceramics based on carbides or oxycarbides based on boron carbide
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- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
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- C04B2235/3852—Nitrides, e.g. oxynitrides, carbonitrides, oxycarbonitrides, lithium nitride, magnesium nitride
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Abstract
The invention relates to an aluminum alloy composite material. The aluminum alloy composite material is mainly prepared from, by weight, 30-40% of boron carbide framework and the balance aluminum alloy matrix, 5-10% of reinforced particles are also added by volume, and the aluminum alloy composite material is compounded by adopting a vacuum non-pressure infiltration method. The aluminum alloy composite material combines the advantages of a boron carbide material and aluminum alloy, has more excellent comprehensive properties such as strength, toughness and abrasion resistance and can be well applied to the fields of bullet resistant materials, radiation proof materials, high-temperature, abrasion resistant and self-lubricating materials, special acid-base etching resistant materials, cutting and grinding tools, shielding materials and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alloy material, more particularly to a kind of Al alloy composite.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy is most widely used class non-ferrous metal structural material in industry, in Aeronautics and Astronautics, automobile, machinery
Widely applied in manufacture, ship and chemical industry.And, with developing rapidly for industrial economy, to the need of aluminum alloy materials
Ask also increasing.But, the performance of general aluminum alloy materials has been difficult to meet the technical requirements of each side.And, with
Deeply carrying out and implementing for sustainable development idea, how in the case where the usage amount of aluminium alloy is reduced, moreover it is possible to improve its property
The research of energy becomes the focus of current industry technology research.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is directed to the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of mechanical strength, toughness, resistance to
The more preferable Al alloy composites of combination property such as mill property.
The purpose of the present invention can be realized by following technical proposal：A kind of Al alloy composite, the aluminium alloy is answered
It is that the carbonization boron skeleton of 30-40% and the alloy matrix aluminum of surplus pass through vacuum pressure-free impregnation by percent by volume that condensation material is main
Method is composited.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the Al alloy composite includes that volume ratio is the increasing of 5-10%
Strong particle and the carbonization boron skeleton, the alloy matrix aluminum of surplus that volume ratio is 30-40% by vacuum pressure-free impregnation method it is compound and
Into.
Al alloy composite of the present invention includes carbonization boron skeleton enhancement layer, and boron carbide is a kind of ceramic material, with good
Good physics, chemical property and mechanical property, it is the high temperature hardness of near constant, high-modulus, high-wearing feature, inoxidizability, acidproof
The features such as alkalescence strong and good neutron-absorbing performance, in bullet resistant material, radiation proof material, high-temperature wearable and self-lubricating material
The aspect such as material, extraordinary acid and alkali-resistance etch material, cutting and grinding instrument and atomic pile control and shielding material has greatly
Application prospect and development space.But because the sintering temperature of boron carbide material is too high, it is difficult to be densified and the low shortcoming of toughness, limits
Its range of application is made.Therefore, with aluminium alloy be combined boron carbide material and use by the present invention, not only expands boron carbide
Use scope, and the advantage of boron carbide is applied in aluminum alloy materials, be made intensity, toughness, wearability etc. comprehensive
Al alloy composite that can be more excellent, enable aluminum alloy to preferably to apply to bullet resistant material, radiation proof material, high-temperature wearable and from
The fields such as lubriation material, extraordinary acid and alkali-resistance etch material, cutting and grinding instrument and shielding material.
On the other hand, the Al alloy composite that present invention carbonization boron skeleton enhancing aluminium base is made is that a kind of network intersects again
Condensation material, compared with the enhancing aluminum alloy materials such as traditional whisker, particle, during long service, this network intersects compound
Material will not be as particle, the aluminum matrix composite of whisker reinforcement, and reinforcement is present easily extracts from matrix, comes off, and grinds
Bits form the defect of hard abrasive.Therefore, Al alloy composite of the invention has more preferable combination property.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the carbonization boron skeleton is three-dimensional network carbonization boron skeleton, described
The aperture of three-dimensional network carbonization boron skeleton is 300-500 μm, and porosity is 80-85%.The three-dimensional network carbon of three-dimensional bind mode
Changing boron skeleton can more effectively be combined with aluminum alloy materials, so that composite obtains intensity, fracture toughness higher,
Good anti-wear performance and resistance to heat shocks can be waited.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the preparation method of the carbonization boron skeleton is：By cellular polyurethane
Sponge surface dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made after base substrate to sinter and forms.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the temperature of the sintering is 700-720 DEG C, and soaking time is 30-
40min。
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the programming rate for being warming up to the temperature of the sintering is：First with 10-
20 DEG C/min is warming up to 220-250 DEG C, is then warming up to 700-720 DEG C with 3-5 DEG C/min.Porous polyurethane sponge is in 220-
Start to decompose at a temperature of 250 DEG C or so, therefore programming rate should be slowed down, in case intensification is too fast to cause collapsing for boron carbide idiosome
Collapse, destroy.And boron carbide has begun to oxidation at 600 DEG C, the performance of precast body is influenceed.Therefore, rational sintering temperature and
Programming rate is particularly important to the performance of the boron skeleton that is carbonized.The control of programming rate of the invention and sintering temperature is proper,
The carbonization boron skeleton that sintering is obtained is complete, and preferably, cavity is uniform for porous preform pass, and the generation of surface oxidation boron is less, carbonization
The performance of boron skeleton is relatively excellent.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, the boron nitride particle
Particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton aperture.It is a kind of simple physics enhancing that enhancing particle is added in Al alloy composite
Mode, can properly increase the wearability and other mechanical properties of Al alloy composite.
In a kind of above-mentioned Al alloy composite, the temperature of the vacuum pressure-free impregnation is 1000-1200 DEG C, insulation
Time is 30-50min.
Compared with prior art, Al alloy composite of the present invention combines the advantage of boron carbide material and aluminium alloy, obtains
To the Al alloy composite that the combination properties such as a kind of intensity, toughness, wearability are more excellent, enabling aluminum alloy to composite can be preferably
Apply to bullet resistant material, radiation proof material, high-temperature wearable and self-lubricating material, extraordinary acid and alkali-resistance etch material, cutting and grinding work
The field such as tool and shielding material.
Specific embodiment
The following is specific embodiment of the invention, technical scheme is further described, but the present invention is simultaneously
It is not limited to these embodiments.
Embodiment 1：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite is led to by carbonization boron skeleton that volume ratio is 30% and 70% alloy matrix aluminum
Vacuum pressure-free impregnation method is crossed to be composited.Specific preparation process is as follows：
It is sintered after cellular polyurethane foamed plastics dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made into base substrate, is first heated up with 10 DEG C/min
To 220 DEG C, 700 DEG C then are warming up to 3 DEG C/min, soaking time is 40min, sinter three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics bone into
Frame, the aperture of three-dimensional network ceramic skeleton is 480 μm, and porosity is 80%.
By 6061 aluminium alloy smeltings into aluminium liquid.
Then the alumina crucible that will be equipped with carbonization boron skeleton and 6061 aluminium alloys is placed in atmosphere furnace, is evacuated to below 10Pa
Vacuum argon filling gas, is rapidly heated to 1000 DEG C under argon gas protection, is incubated 50min.Powered-down furnace cooling, treats that in-furnace temperature is down to
Material is taken out after room temperature, Al alloy composite is obtained.
Embodiment 2：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite is led to by carbonization boron skeleton that volume ratio is 32% and 68% alloy matrix aluminum
Vacuum pressure-free impregnation method is crossed to be composited.Specific preparation process is as follows：
It is sintered after cellular polyurethane foamed plastics dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made into base substrate, is first heated up with 12 DEG C/min
To 230 DEG C, 705 DEG C then are warming up to 3 DEG C/min, soaking time is 38min, sinter three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics bone into
Frame, the aperture of three-dimensional network ceramic skeleton is 390 μm, and porosity is 85%.
By 6061 aluminium alloy smeltings into aluminium liquid.
Then the alumina crucible that will be equipped with carbonization boron skeleton and 6061 aluminium alloys is placed in atmosphere furnace, is evacuated to below 10Pa
Vacuum argon filling gas, is rapidly heated to 1050 DEG C under argon gas protection, is incubated 45min.Powered-down furnace cooling, treats that in-furnace temperature is down to
Material is taken out after room temperature, Al alloy composite is obtained.
Embodiment 3：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite is led to by carbonization boron skeleton that volume ratio is 35% and 65% alloy matrix aluminum
Vacuum pressure-free impregnation method is crossed to be composited.Specific preparation process is as follows：
It is sintered after cellular polyurethane foamed plastics dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made into base substrate, is first heated up with 15 DEG C/min
To 235 DEG C, 710 DEG C then are warming up to 4 DEG C/min, soaking time is 35min, sinter three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics bone into
Frame, the aperture of three-dimensional network ceramic skeleton is 420 μm, and porosity is 83%.
By 6061 aluminium alloy smeltings into aluminium liquid.
Then the alumina crucible that will be equipped with carbonization boron skeleton and 6061 aluminium alloys is placed in atmosphere furnace, is evacuated to below 10Pa
Vacuum argon filling gas, is rapidly heated to 1100 DEG C under argon gas protection, is incubated 40min.Powered-down furnace cooling, treats that in-furnace temperature is down to
Material is taken out after room temperature, Al alloy composite is obtained.
Embodiment 4：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite is led to by carbonization boron skeleton that volume ratio is 38% and 62% alloy matrix aluminum
Vacuum pressure-free impregnation method is crossed to be composited.Specific preparation process is as follows：
It is sintered after cellular polyurethane foamed plastics dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made into base substrate, is first heated up with 18 DEG C/min
To 240 DEG C, 715 DEG C then are warming up to 4 DEG C/min, soaking time is 33min, sinter three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics bone into
Frame, the aperture of three-dimensional network ceramic skeleton is 330 μm, and porosity is 84%.
By 6061 aluminium alloy smeltings into aluminium liquid.
Then the alumina crucible that will be equipped with carbonization boron skeleton and 6061 aluminium alloys is placed in atmosphere furnace, is evacuated to below 10Pa
Vacuum argon filling gas, is rapidly heated to 1150 DEG C under argon gas protection, is incubated 35min.Powered-down furnace cooling, treats that in-furnace temperature is down to
Material is taken out after room temperature, Al alloy composite is obtained.
Embodiment 5：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite is led to by carbonization boron skeleton that volume ratio is 40% and 60% alloy matrix aluminum
Vacuum pressure-free impregnation method is crossed to be composited.Specific preparation process is as follows：
It is sintered after cellular polyurethane foamed plastics dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made into base substrate, is first heated up with 20 DEG C/min
To 250 DEG C, 720 DEG C then are warming up to 5 DEG C/min, soaking time is 30min, sinter three-dimensional network silicon nitride ceramics bone into
Frame, the aperture of three-dimensional network ceramic skeleton is 480 μm, and porosity is 83%.
By 6061 aluminium alloy smeltings into aluminium liquid.
Then the alumina crucible that will be equipped with carbonization boron skeleton and 6061 aluminium alloys is placed in atmosphere furnace, is evacuated to below 10Pa
Vacuum argon filling gas, is rapidly heated to 1200 DEG C under argon gas protection, is incubated 30min.Powered-down furnace cooling, treats that in-furnace temperature is down to
Material is taken out after room temperature, Al alloy composite is obtained.
Embodiment 6：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite by volume ratio be 30% carbonization boron skeleton, 60% alloy matrix aluminum and
10% enhancing particle is composited by vacuum pressure-free impregnation method.Enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, and particle diameter is less than boron carbide
The aperture of skeleton.Remaining specific preparation process is same as Example 1.
Embodiment 7：
The present embodiment Al alloy composite by volume ratio be 30% carbonization boron skeleton, 65% alloy matrix aluminum and
5% enhancing particle is composited by pressure infiltration.Enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, hole of the particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton
Footpath.Remaining specific preparation process is same as Example 2.
Embodiment 8：
The present embodiment needle bar trace by volume ratio be 35% carbonization boron skeleton, 60% alloy matrix aluminum and 5%
Enhancing particle is composited by pressure infiltration.Enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, aperture of the particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton.Its
Remaining specific preparation process is same as Example 3.
Embodiment 9：
The present embodiment needle bar trace by volume ratio be 32% carbonization boron skeleton, 60% alloy matrix aluminum and 8%
Enhancing particle is composited by pressure infiltration.Enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, aperture of the particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton.Its
Remaining specific preparation process is same as Example 4.
Embodiment 10：
The present embodiment needle bar trace is by ceramic skeleton, 52% alloy matrix aluminum and 10% increasing that volume ratio is 38%
Strong particle is composited by pressure infiltration.Enhancing particle is boron nitride particle, aperture of the particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton.Remaining
Specific preparation process is same as Example 5.
Al alloy composite obtained in above-described embodiment 1-10 is carried out into performance test, test result is as shown in table 1.Its
In, the condition of wear rate is：Under room temperature, 6N load, 1m/s speed, test specimen slides 2500m.
Comparative example 1：
Commercially available 6061 aluminum alloy materials.
Table 1：
As known from Table 1,6061 aluminium alloys are made Al alloy composite of the invention, it is intensity, hardness, toughness, wear-resisting
The combination properties such as property are significantly improved.And, from embodiment 6-10 knowable to, after physical blending enhancing particle, intensity, prolong
Stretch the performances such as rate is improved again, especially wearability.
In view of the present invention program embodiment is numerous, each embodiment experimental data is huge numerous, is not suitable for arranging one by one herein
Explanation is lifted, but the content of checking required for each embodiment and the final conclusion for obtaining are approached.So herein not to each reality
The checking content for applying example illustrated one by one, only using embodiment 1-10 as representing the explanation excellent part of the present patent application.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to the spiritual explanation for example of the present invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications or supplement to described specific embodiment or be substituted using similar mode, but simultaneously
Do not deviate by spirit of the invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
It is skilled to this area although having made a detailed description and being cited some specific embodiments to the present invention
For technical staff, as long as it is obvious that can be made various changes without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention or corrected.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of Al alloy composite, it is characterised in that it is 30- by percent by volume that the Al alloy composite is main
40% carbonization boron skeleton and the alloy matrix aluminum of surplus are composited by vacuum pressure-free impregnation method.
2. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the Al alloy composite includes
Volume ratio is carbonization boron skeleton, the alloy matrix aluminum of surplus that the enhancing particle and volume ratio of 5-10% are 30-40% by true
Empty pressure-free impregnation method is composited.
3. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the carbonization boron skeleton is three
Dimension network carbonization boron skeleton, the aperture of the three-dimensional network carbonization boron skeleton is 300-500 μm, and porosity is 80-85%.
4. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the system of the carbonization boron skeleton
Preparation Method is：Porous polyurethane sponge surface dip-coating boron carbide slurry is made to be sintered after base substrate and is formed.
5. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the temperature of the sintering is 700-
720 DEG C, soaking time is 30-40min.
6. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 5, it is characterised in that be warming up to the temperature of the sintering
Programming rate is：220-250 DEG C first is warming up to 10-20 DEG C/min, then 700-720 DEG C is warming up to 3-5 DEG C/min.
7. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the enhancing particle is boron nitride
Grain, the aperture of the particle diameter less than carbonization boron skeleton of the boron nitride particle.
8. a kind of Al alloy composite according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that the vacuum pressure-free impregnation
Temperature is 1000-1200 DEG C, and soaking time is 30-50min.
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| CN201611075336.XA CN106699185A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Aluminum alloy composite material |
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| CN201611075336.XA CN106699185A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Aluminum alloy composite material |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109055798A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-21 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Preparation method, brake disc and the vehicle of brake disc for vehicle |
| CN109320250A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-12 | 北京镭硼科技有限责任公司 | A kind of porous B based on agarose macromolecules gel casting forming4C ceramics preparative body |
| CN111893341A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | Additive manufacturing method of aluminum-based boron carbide structure facing neutron protection |
| CN111943680A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-17 | 宁波普莱斯帝金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method and application of boron carbide material |
| CN113999043A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Interpenetrating mullite/boron carbide foamed ceramic high-temperature-resistant neutron shielding material and preparation method thereof |
| CN114262236A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-01 | 江苏领瑞新材料科技有限公司 | Ceramic composite material |
| CN116409996A (en) * | 2022-12-28 | 2023-07-11 | 北京普凡防护科技有限公司 | Preparation method of green bulletproof composite material |
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| US5434113A (en) * | 1987-01-12 | 1995-07-18 | Lanxide Technology Company, Lp | Ceramic composite and methods of making the same |
| CN105779804A (en) * | 2016-03-21 | 2016-07-20 | 中南大学 | Foam skeleton structure reinforced metal-matrix composite material and preparation method |
Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109055798A (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2018-12-21 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Preparation method, brake disc and the vehicle of brake disc for vehicle |
| CN109055798B (en) * | 2018-08-03 | 2020-08-21 | 北京汽车股份有限公司 | Preparation method of brake disc for vehicle, brake disc and vehicle |
| CN109320250A (en) * | 2018-10-09 | 2019-02-12 | 北京镭硼科技有限责任公司 | A kind of porous B based on agarose macromolecules gel casting forming4C ceramics preparative body |
| CN111893341A (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2020-11-06 | 华南理工大学 | Additive manufacturing method of aluminum-based boron carbide structure facing neutron protection |
| CN111893341B (en) * | 2020-07-03 | 2022-05-17 | 华南理工大学 | Additive manufacturing method of aluminum-based boron carbide structure for neutron protection |
| CN111943680A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2020-11-17 | 宁波普莱斯帝金属制品有限公司 | Preparation method and application of boron carbide material |
| CN113999043A (en) * | 2021-10-29 | 2022-02-01 | 南京航空航天大学 | Interpenetrating mullite/boron carbide foamed ceramic high-temperature-resistant neutron shielding material and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20170524 |