CN106694896B - 一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置 - Google Patents

一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置 Download PDF

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CN106694896B
CN106694896B CN201611260474.5A CN201611260474A CN106694896B CN 106694896 B CN106694896 B CN 106694896B CN 201611260474 A CN201611260474 A CN 201611260474A CN 106694896 B CN106694896 B CN 106694896B
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候晓翠
张建勋
余钊辉
潘龙
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Luxi Antai New Material Technology Co ltd
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/10—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying using centrifugal force
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/088—Fluid nozzles, e.g. angle, distance
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0888—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting construction of the melt process, apparatus, intermediate reservoir, e.g. tundish, devices for temperature control
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0892—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid casting nozzle; controlling metal stream in or after the casting nozzle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0896—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid particle transport, separation: process and apparatus

Abstract

本发明公开了一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置，包括炉体、熔炼室、雾化室和收集室，熔炼室坩埚底部通过导流管连接到储液包，储液包底部通过导流管连接离心喷嘴，离心喷嘴为圆盘状，直径为10cm，所述离心喷嘴的外侧对称地设有4个排液口，排液口直径为3cm，排液口开口方向为圆盘的法线方向，离心喷嘴上方设有脉冲加压气管，所述脉冲加压气管连接气源，控制系统控制气源对离心喷嘴内的熔体进行脉冲式的加压，离心喷嘴四周对应地设有4个惰性气体喷嘴，惰性气体喷嘴方向正对离心喷嘴旋转时排液口熔体的甩出方向；雾化室下方设有收集室，收集室内设有旋风分离器和超声振动筛，本发明改善了破碎效果并提高了粉料的均匀程度。

Description

一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置
技术领域
本发明属于材料加工技术领域，尤其是涉及一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置。
背景技术
钛合金密度小，强度大、硬度大，耐高温性能强，其抗腐蚀性能及耐摩擦性能高，尤其是TiAl金属间化合物因具有高比强度、高比刚度、耐蚀、耐磨、耐高温以及优异的抗氧化性能等优点，正在成为当代航空航天工业、民用工业等领域的优秀候选结构材料之一，特别是在航空发动机叶片领域具有广阔的应用前景。3D打印，或称增材制造作为近年来兴起的一种快速成型工艺，采用逐层铺粉，激光或电子束融化成型的方式，实现了精密部件的精加工成型，并且避免了铸造过程出现的缩孔缩松等缺陷，成为一种新兴的材料加工手段。
目前3D打印所用的粉料，一般通过熔炼后真空浇注成铸锭，随后二次熔炼并采用雾化法制粉的方式获得，在目前的雾化方法中，一般采用金属熔体直接流出后，对熔体吹气实现雾化。部分较先进的工艺则采用离心法将熔体甩出后雾化，而采用离心甩出的过程中，发明人经研究发现，熔体甩出后雾化过程中气体的吹速、角度，液流的方向均对雾化的效果和雾化后粉料的粒度均有影响，但目前的离心工艺均采用连续离心出液后吹气的方式，因而使制得的粉料粒度分布不均匀。
发明内容
为解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置。
本发明完整的技术方案包括：
一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置，所述的装置包括炉体、控制系统、熔炼室、雾化室和收集室。
所述的熔炼室位于炉体上方，包括坩埚，坩埚外设有感应加热体，炉体上方设有炉盖，
熔炼室和雾化室之间设有隔板，所述的雾化室中设有耐火材料制成的储液包，所述储液包直径为15cm，高度为30cm，所述储液包包括外层衬和内层，内层采用与所要雾化的TiAl粉相同组分的TiAl合金制成，内层厚度为1cm，感应熔炼坩埚底部通过导流管连接到所述的储液包，导流管上设有开/闭机构，储液包底部通过导流管连接离心喷嘴，所述的离心喷嘴为圆盘状，直径为10cm，所述离心喷嘴的外侧对称地设有4个排液口，排液口直径为3cm，排液口开口方向为圆盘的法线方向，所述离心喷嘴上方设有脉冲加压气管，所述脉冲加压气管连接气源，控制系统控制气源对离心喷嘴内的熔体进行脉冲式的加压，离心喷嘴四周对应地设有4个惰性气体喷嘴，惰性气体喷嘴方向正对离心喷嘴旋转时排液口熔体的甩出方向；雾化室下方设有收集室，收集室内设有旋风分离器和超声振动筛。
本发明相对于现有技术的优点在于：通过离心式的喷嘴，将合金熔体以离心式甩出，增加了甩出的速度，因而在与雾化气流接触时会产生更大的破碎力，改善了破碎效果，同时配合脉冲气流加压，使熔体在正对雾化气流方向时以高速喷出，正面冲击雾化气流发生碰撞，同时配合脉冲气流加压，使熔体在正对雾化气流方向时以高速喷出，正面冲击雾化气流发生碰撞，，针对TiAl的高反应活性，在储液炉包设置所要雾化的TiAl粉相同组分的内层，避免了储液中熔体腐蚀储液包，同时根据TiAl合金的密度、熔炼速度、供液速度、离心转速等特点，针对其进行了储液包和雾化喷嘴尺寸的优化设计，使雾化效果更好，效率更高。
附图说明
图1为本发明雾化制备装置结构示意图。
图2为本发明离心喷嘴机构示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明做进一步说明。
一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置，所述的装置包括炉体、控制系统、熔炼室、雾化室和收集室。
所述的熔炼室位于炉体1上方，包括坩埚2，坩埚外设有感应加热体3，炉体上方设有炉盖，
熔炼室和雾化室之间设有隔板，所述的雾化室中设有耐火材料制成的储液包4，所述储液包直径为15cm，高度为30cm，所述储液包包括外层衬和内层，内层采用与所要雾化的TiAl粉相同组分的TiAl合金制成，内层厚度为1cm，感应熔炼坩埚底部通过导流管连接到所述的储液包，导流管上设有开/闭机构，储液包底部通过导流管连接离心喷嘴5，所述的离心喷嘴为圆盘状，直径为10cm，所述离心喷嘴的外侧对称地设有4个排液口8，排液口直径为3cm，排液口开口方向为圆盘的法线方向，所述离心喷嘴上方设有脉冲加压气管9，所述脉冲加压气管连接气源，控制系统控制气源对离心喷嘴内的熔体进行脉冲式的加压，离心喷嘴四周对应地设有4个惰性气体喷嘴6，惰性气体喷嘴方向正对离心喷嘴旋转时排液口熔体的甩出方向；雾化室下方设有收集室7，收集室内设有旋风分离器和超声振动筛。
采用上述装置进行雾化制粉时，首先将真空熔炼后浇注得到的具有所需组分的合金铸锭，放于真空感应熔炼炉的坩埚内，随后抽真空后开启真空感应加热线圈电源，对坩埚内的铸锭加热，约15-20min后铸锭完全熔化，采用红外测温设备对合金熔体进行测温，在1730-1770℃下保温2-3min后，熔体通过坩埚进入雾化室的储液包中，随后经过陶瓷导流管引导到离心喷嘴中，离心喷嘴开始离心旋转，同时控制系统控制气源对离心喷嘴内的熔体进行脉冲加压，当旋转到雾化气体喷出方向时，所施加的脉冲压力促使合金熔体以高速喷出，喷出的熔体正对雾化气体喷出方向，相互之间角度为0°，熔体与雾化气体正面冲击，在气流作用下被粉碎成微小液滴，并冷却凝固为细粉，随后进入收集室，通过旋风分离器分离后经振动筛筛分后收集。
以上所述，仅是本发明的较佳实施例，并非对本发明作任何限制，凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施例所作的任何简单修改、变更以及等效结构变化，均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。

Claims (1)

1.一种TiAl粉的雾化制备装置，所述的装置包括炉体、控制系统、熔炼室、雾化室和收集室；所述的熔炼室位于炉体上方，包括坩埚，坩埚外设有感应加热体，炉体上方设有炉盖，熔炼室和雾化室之间设有隔板，所述的雾化室中设有耐火材料制成的储液包，所述储液包直径为15cm，高度为30cm，所述储液包包括外层衬和内层，内层采用与所要雾化的TiAl粉相同组分的TiAl合金制成，内层厚度为1cm，感应熔炼坩埚底部通过导流管连接到所述的储液包，导流管上设有开/闭机构，储液包底部通过导流管连接离心喷嘴，所述的离心喷嘴为圆盘状，直径为10cm，所述离心喷嘴的外侧对称地设有4个排液口，排液口直径为3cm，排液口开口方向为圆盘的法线方向，所述离心喷嘴上方设有脉冲加压气管，所述脉冲加压气管连接气源，控制系统控制气源对离心喷嘴内的熔体进行脉冲式的加压，离心喷嘴四周对应地设有4个惰性气体喷嘴，惰性气体喷嘴方向正对离心喷嘴旋转时排液口熔体的甩出方向；雾化室下方设有收集室，收集室内设有旋风分离器和超声振动筛。
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