CN1066857A

CN1066857A - Highly optic efficient agricultural fluorescent plastic film

Info

Publication number: CN1066857A
Application number: CN 91106112
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孟继武
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1991-05-15
Filing date: 1991-05-15
Publication date: 1992-12-09

Abstract

A kind of highly optic efficient agricultural fluorescent plastic film adds small amount of coloring (inorganic or pigment dyestuff) in common plastic film and fluorescent agent (containing carboxyl organic reducing dyestuff) is prepared from.Use this film to make the canopy film and coating film can make farm crop efficiently utilize sunlight, can obviously improve crop yield (vegetables can increase production 15～25%, and canopy film genseng can increase production 15～20% seedling cultivation of rice can early emerge 4～7 days) and quality.

Description

Highly optic efficient agricultural fluorescent plastic film

The invention provides the production method of a kind of agricultural plastic film and this film.A kind of agricultural fluorescence plastics film and preparation technology thereof of high light efficiency specifically are provided for various agriculture productions such as vegetables production, rice breeding, flower culture, cultivating seedlings, culture of ginseng.

At present, the agricultural plastic film of producing is mainly by resin, softening agent, antioxidant, photostabilizer both at home and abroad, and additives such as tinting material are formed.These additives are to be used to improve processing of plastic, physical strength and anti-aging characteristic.These films are mainly used to seal the effect that the crop booth plays printing opacity, insulation.Design, this film of production reckon without the photoproduction reason characteristic of crop, note seeing through the improvement of light quality.Blade is the photosynthesis of plants organ, and epidermal area and interface air between of sunlight by plant leaf gone into to inject on the chloroplast(id) in the blade, and plant self the effective light of growing is sponged by photosynthetic pigments, carries out the photosynthesis reaction.Light action or have the sunlight of injury effect to be fallen by anti-body, transmission.Different plants, its blade construction is all different with the content of photosynthetic pigments, so the spectrum that its photosynthesis absorbed is the action spectrum difference.Above-mentioned plastic sheeting for farm use is not considered the photoproduction reason characteristic of raise crop, and the action spectrum of its transmitted spectrum and crop is inconsistent, has influenced photosynthetic efficiency, and then has influenced the growth potential of crop, has reduced the resistivity to disease, makes it quality deteriorated output and descends.

The objective of the invention is provides a kind of agricultural fluorescent plastic film that can make farm crop efficiently utilize sunlight for overcoming the shortcoming that above-mentioned plastic sheeting for farm use exists, and this film has well weather-proof, fast light and ageing resistance.It is used for coating film, can improve crop yield and quality.In addition, this film can become the short-wavelength light in the wide region certain specific long wavelength light, also can be applicable to each side such as photochemistry, sun power utilization and uses.

Fluorescence plastics film of the present invention is according to plant physiology character, deleterious light of plant growth and useless light are transformed to the light that plant growth is worked, make its radiation spectrum stack of fluorescence spectrum (transmitted spectrum with) consistent, can utilize sun power efficiently with the action spectrum of crop.This light frequency conversion realizes by interpolation different colorant and fluorescent agent in common agricultural plastic film.Common agricultural plastic film can add thermo-stabilizer for improving its use properties, and fire retardant, softening agent, oxidation inhibitor, various additives such as photostabilizer or tinting material, fluorescent plastic film of the present invention are characterised in that it has added a certain amount of tinting material and fluorescent agent.

Should be chosen at 400～700 μ m spectral region as the major ingredient high molecular polymer of plastics film has better transparency, the thermoplastic soft resin that solubleness is high, ABS for example, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene resin.

Tinting material should be chosen good dispersity, and photostabilization is good, Heat stability is good, and it is strong to hide the power of dying, and absorbs the strong inorganic or pigment dyestuff of UV-light ability.Require its reflection spectrum with by the reflection spectrum unanimity of raise crop blade, the action spectrum transmitance of crop is wanted high.For example can be from mineral dye: titanium dioxide, chrome yellow, cobalt aluminate, chrome green etc., pigment dyestuff: diarylide yellow, permanent yellow, solid forever orange, pthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanines such as phthalocyanine green select one or more mixtures in the pigment such as color lake class.The consumption of tinting material is unsuitable too high, otherwise can reduce the transmittance of film, and its consumption is 0.01～4% of a gross weight usually, and preferable consumption is 0.02～2% of a gross weight.

Fluorescent agent will be chosen the good organic reducing dyestuff of solubleness, as anthraquinone, and thioindigo, bromine indigo, intellectual circle's class etc. contain in the carboxyl organic reducing dyestuff one or more, and the consumption of fluorescent agent is too much unsuitable, could produce fluorescence when having only lower concentration to be dissolved in reagent or the resin.Its consumption is that 0.001～0.5% of gross weight is advisable, and preferable consumption is 0.005～0.2% of a gross weight.Generally vat dyes all can be used as the fluorescent agent that uses in the plastics film of the present invention, as 3b vat red 3b, and vat yellow, Vat green, reduction is blue, reduction bavin etc.Simultaneously, use above fluorescent agent also can add firefly brightener again, fluorescent yellow, fluorescence pigment such as rose-red or first first orchid.Because tinting material and fluorescent agent all have good uv absorption capacity, therefore improved the fast light character of high-visibility pigment.In addition, when selecting various fluorescent agents to mix use, the excitation spectrum that requires a kind of fluorescent agent wherein has at least with the reflection spectrum of tinting material overlaps, its fluorescence spectrum has at least with the excitation spectrum of another kind of fluorescent agent overlaps, so deliver in relays, the spectrum that gives off at last will be with the absorption spectrum unanimity of farm crop blade.

The preparation technology of efficient agricultural fluorescent plastic film of the present invention can adopt preparation technology's method of common plastic film; but before preparation of raw material, to adopt dry method or wet method that fluorescent agent is made earlier and give dispersed color (adding solvent or filler); it is even to give dispersed color and thermoplastic property resin particle or powder thorough mixing again; add then tinting material and other additive as; weighting agent; thermo-stabilizer; photostabilizer; oxidation inhibitor, fire retardant, static inhibitor; antifogging agent; toughener, softening agent, various additives such as lubricant mix and are mixed with material.Can adopt calendering formation, dissolve extrude, processing method such as blowing makes the book film that thickness is 40～100 μ m.When needing to increase the thickness of film, the consumption that suitably reduce fluorescent agent is to reduce the absorption loss again of fluorescence.Give further instruction below by example to content of the present invention.

Example 1, fluorescent plastic film preparation 1

Press the column weight amount and take by weighing various materials: 1, high pressure polyethylene particle 1000Kg; 2, give the purple 0.5Kg of dispersion reduction; 3, phthalocyanine green 0.6Kg; 4, two nickel photostabilizer 2Kg; 5, white oil 1.6Kg.Wherein giving dispersion reduction purple is that the reduction purple dye was added fossil meal or full and uniform the making of white oil (adopting dry method or wet method) by 1: 10, by last order high pressure polyethylene particle and various additive is mixed then.Dissolve in 200 ℃, the thick fluorescence membrane 1 of 80 μ m is made in blow molding.

Comparative example 1, common plastic film preparation

Selected material and weight just do not add fluorescent agent (reduction is purple) with example 1, and 1 preparation method makes general thin 1 by example.

Example 2, fluorescent plastic film use properties

Utilize the fluorescence membrane 1 and the general thin 1 of example 1 and comparative example 1 preparation to carry out canopy film culture of ginseng contrast experiment, under identical condition, adopt fluorescence membrane 1 and general thin 1 relatively early to emerge 5-7 days, seedling rate has improved 15.5%, and survival rate of seedlings has improved 9.5%, growth potential strong (seeing Table 1), the disease index decreased 18.28%, in 10～15 days evenings of withering period, output can be increased production 15.1～20.5% gensengs every year, total saponin content has improved 23.8%, and haulm general saponin content has improved 35.5%.

6 years canopy films of table 1 genseng growth potential relatively

Use film	Stem is thick	The stem height	Leaf is long	Leaf is wide
					Fluorescence membrane	0.59±0.11	28.56±6.37	14.85±2.51	6.34±1.11
General thin	0.53±0.09	27.1±5.65	13.9±1.91	5.94±0.88

Example 3, fluorescent plastic film preparation 2

Press the column weight amount and take by weighing various materials: 1, polyvinyl chloride, 1000Kg; 2, the purple 0.5Kg of pre-dispersed reduction; 3, pre-dispersed tonka bean camphor 0.2Kg; 4, phthalocyanine green 0.6Kg; 5, two nickel photostabilizer 2Kg; 6, white oil 1.6Kg.Filming technology is with example 1.This kind fluorescent plastic film is applicable to planting the booth spinach, the production of leaf vegetables such as leek, comparable common plastic film volume increase 15～25%.

Example 4, fluorescence are moulded film preparation 3

Press the column weight amount and take by weighing various materials: 1, polystyrene 1000Kg; 2, pre-dispersed 3b vat red 3b 0.5Kg; 3, phthalocyanine green 0.6Kg; 4, two nickel photostabilizer 2Kg; 5, white oil 1.6Kg.Filming technology is with example 1.This kind fluorescence membrane is applicable to planting the booth tomato, the production of fruit and vegetable such as cucumber, comparable common plastic film volume increase 15～20%.

Example 5, fluorescence are moulded film preparation 4

Selected material does not give the dispersion tonka bean camphor with example 3 but do not add, and prepares fluorescent plastic film 4 by example 1 method.This film 4 can be suitable for the seedling of canopy film water rice, and the seedling of comparable common plastic film canopy film was early emerged 4～7 days.

Claims

1, a kind of thermo-stabilizer that adds, fire retardant, softening agent, antioxidant, the agricultural fluorescent plastic film of various additives such as photostabilizer or tinting material is characterized in that used tinting material should adopt mineral dye, as titanium dioxide, chrome yellow, cobalt aluminate, chrome green etc. and pigment dyestuff, as diarylide yellow, permanent yellow, solid forever orange, pthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanines such as phthalocyanine green, one or more mixtures in the pigment such as color lake class; And be added with fluorescent agent, used fluorescent agent can adopt anthraquinone, thioindigo, and the bromine indigo, intellectual circle's class etc. contains one or more mixtures in the carboxyl organic reducing dyestuff; The consumption of tinting material is 0.01～4% of a gross weight; The consumption of fluorescent agent is 0.001～0.5% of a gross weight.

2,, it is characterized in that the preferable consumption of the tinting material that adopted is 0.02～2% of a gross weight according to the described agricultural fluorescent plastic film of claim 1; The preferable consumption of fluorescent agent is 0.005～0.2% of a gross weight.

3,, it is characterized in that plastic raw materials can adopt thermoplastic resins such as ABS, polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride or polystyrene according to the described agricultural fluorescent plastic film of claim 1.

4,, it is characterized in that the organic reducing dyestuff can adopt 3b vat red 3b, vat yellow, Vat green, dyestuffs such as reduction orchid or reduction purple according to the described agricultural plastic film of claim 1.

5,, it is characterized in that to add high-visibility pigment in the additive white dyes for example, fluorescent yellow, rose-red or first first orchid according to the described agricultural fluorescent plastic film of claim 1.

6, a kind of preparation method according to the described agricultural fluorescent plastic film of claim 1; be to adopt general thin preparation technology; it is characterized in that at first will adopting dry method or wet method that fluorescent agent is made and give dispersed color; with the particle of thermoplastic resin or powder thorough mixing evenly after; add tinting material and other additive and mix, and then by the processing of known plastic thin film preparation process.