CN106684480A - Smart lithium-battery capacitive charging method based on PWM control - Google Patents
Smart lithium-battery capacitive charging method based on PWM control Download PDFInfo
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- CN106684480A CN106684480A CN201611026776.6A CN201611026776A CN106684480A CN 106684480 A CN106684480 A CN 106684480A CN 201611026776 A CN201611026776 A CN 201611026776A CN 106684480 A CN106684480 A CN 106684480A
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- pwm
- lithium battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/44—Methods for charging or discharging
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a smart lithium-battery capacitive charging method based on PWM control. The method comprises the following steps: (1) AD acquisition; (2) generation of PWM waveform; (3) capacitor parallel circuit; (4) change of PWM duty ratio; and (5) switching of changing mode. The invention has the following beneficial effects: charging efficiency is high; charging time is short; and service life is prolonged.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Intelligent lithium battery charges, it is particularly a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser types charging side
Method.
Background technology
At present, during lithium cell charging, usually can be uncertain because of the output voltage of charger, and cause lithium battery mistake
Punching, the lost of life, many charging systems can not do good charge protection to jumbo lithium battery group, and charging modes are big
Mostly constant current, constant voltage mode successively charge to battery, this charging modes although it is contemplated that the fundamental characteristics of battery, but right
The battery component that multiple cells are combined in series, in the battery life middle and later periods, each cell it is inconsistent
Property is increasing, for whole battery component just occurs the phenomenon being not fully filled, the service life of serious curtailment battery component.
The content of the invention
The invention aims to solve the above problems, devise a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser types
Charging method.
Realize that above-mentioned purpose the technical scheme is that, one kind is based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser types charging side
Method, comprises the steps：
(1) AD collections：AD collections are carried out to the magnitude of voltage of charge power supply；
(2) PWM waveform is produced：PWM waveform is produced by microprocessor；
(3) electric capacity parallel circuit：Electric capacity and cell parallel are formed into parallel circuit, and electric capacity need to be in the front end of battery；
(4) PWM duty cycle is changed：PWM duty cycle is obtained by capacitor charge and discharge equation of time computing；
(5) charge mode is switched：Charging current, magnitude of voltage are changed according to the fundamental characteristics of lithium battery, lithium battery is adjusted
Charge mode；
Described when parallel circuit is connected in step (3), the position of electric capacity is located at the front end of battery.
It is described that the boundary that capacitance voltage reaches cell voltage is calculated by the discharge and recharge formula of electric capacity in step (4)
Charging interval needed for value, then cycle and the dutycycle adjustment battery charging voltage of PWM are calculated by microprocessor.
In step (5), the lithium cell charging pattern includes precharge, constant-current charge, constant-voltage charge, trickle charge.
The precharge mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.1C.
The constant current charging mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.5C.
The constant-voltage charge pattern is lithium battery group ceiling voltage VsumIt is charged the pattern of mould.
The trickle charge is with minimum current IminCharge to every economize on electricity cell voltage and then reach the pattern of maximum.
The charging interval can be used as the dutycycle operation values of PWM waveform output.
In step (2), the PWM ripples row output need to do charging and cut-off process through a metal-oxide-semiconductor, but when the height electricity of PWM
During flat arrival, metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting.
The one kind made using technical scheme controls Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging method based on PWM, fills
Electrical efficiency is high, the charging interval is short, and by the buffering of electric capacity, the voltage peak at battery two ends is not above the boundary value of battery, electricity
Pond will not because of by overshooting and shorter battery life is affected, and, when charger is selected, output voltage range of choice is more
Plus wide model.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic flow sheet that Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging method is controlled based on PWM of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is that a kind of PWM for controlling Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging method based on PWM of the present invention is in high level
Electric capacity charge graph under state；
Fig. 3 is that a kind of PWM for controlling Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging method based on PWM of the present invention is in low level
RC discharge curve figure under state；
Specific embodiment
The present invention is specifically described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, as Figure 1-3, one kind controls intelligent lithium electricity based on PWM
Pond condenser type charging method, comprises the steps：(1) AD collections：AD collections are carried out to the magnitude of voltage of charge power supply；(2) produce
PWM waveform：PWM waveform is produced by microprocessor；(3) electric capacity parallel circuit：Electric capacity and cell parallel are formed into parallel circuit,
And electric capacity need to be in the front end of battery；(4) PWM duty cycle is changed：PWM duties are obtained by capacitor charge and discharge equation of time computing
Than；(5) charge mode is switched：Charging current, magnitude of voltage are changed according to the fundamental characteristics of lithium battery, the charging mould of lithium battery is adjusted
Formula；Described when parallel circuit is connected in step (3), the position of electric capacity is located at the front end of battery；It is described to pass through in step (4)
The discharge and recharge formula of electric capacity is calculated capacitance voltage and reaches charging interval needed for the boundary value of cell voltage, then by micro- place
Reason device calculates the cycle of PWM and dutycycle adjustment battery charging voltage；In step (5), the lithium cell charging pattern includes pre-
Charging, constant-current charge, constant-voltage charge, trickle charge；The precharge mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.1C；
The constant current charging mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.5C；The constant-voltage charge pattern is lithium battery group highest
Voltage VsumIt is charged the pattern of mould；The trickle charge is with minimum current IminCharge to every economize on electricity cell voltage and then reach
The pattern of maximum；The charging interval can be used as the dutycycle operation values of PWM waveform output；In step (2), the PWM ripples
Row output need to do charging and cut-off process through a metal-oxide-semiconductor, but when the high level of PWM arrives, metal-oxide-semiconductor conducting.
The characteristics of the present embodiment is that AD is gathered：AD collections are carried out to the magnitude of voltage of charge power supply；Produce PWM waveform：It is logical
Cross microprocessor and produce PWM waveform；Electric capacity parallel circuit：Electric capacity and cell parallel are formed into parallel circuit, and electric capacity need to be in electricity
The front end in pond；Carry out PWM duty cycle：PWM duty cycle is obtained by capacitor charge and discharge equation of time computing；Switching charge mode：
Charging current, magnitude of voltage are changed according to the fundamental characteristics of lithium battery, the charge mode of lithium battery is adjusted, charge efficiency is high, charging
Time is short, and by the buffering of electric capacity, the voltage peak at battery two ends is not above the boundary value of battery, and battery will not be because of being subject to
Overshoot and the impact of shorter battery life, and, when charger is selected, the wider model of output voltage range of choice.
In the present embodiment, the formula of capacitor charging time and voltage：
T=RC × ln (V_m-V_0)/(V_m-V_t))
T represents that capacitance voltage reaches the required time of load voltage value in formula, and RC is exactly the product of load and capacitance,
V_m represents charging voltage value, and V_0 represents the initial voltage value of electric capacity, and V_t represents the volume according to set by battery pack maximum voltage value
Determine voltage.
In the present embodiment, electric capacity is needed and cell parallel in circuit design, and by electric capacity as battery before
End, charge power supply need to do voltage AD collections to it, and by collection result input microprocessor, microprocessor need to gather AD
To voltage obtain the charging interval using electric capacity charge formula computing, the charging interval can be used as the dutycycle fortune of PWM waveform output
Calculation value, the PWM ripples row output need to do charging and cut-off process through a metal-oxide-semiconductor, and both when the high level of PWM arrives, metal-oxide-semiconductor was led
It is logical, electric capacity is charged within the time for being calculated, metal-oxide-semiconductor ends when PWM low levels arrive, now the electric capacity electricity lower to potential
Pond is charged, because capacitance voltage maximum is exactly the V of battery componentmax, so battery can't be because of in charging process
Supply voltage is very high and cause to occur V of the voltage more than batterymax, the PWM waveform output cycle is according to different charge modes
Modify to reach sets requirement.Before charging starts, when doing voltage acquisition, calculating, adjustment charging to power supply and battery first
Between, in precharge mode, the current feedback of cycle of PWM waveform through battery two ends is constantly adjusted, finally stable to exist
The electric current chargeable range of 0.1C, by every batteries magnitude of voltage has all reached set magnitude of voltage V1 constant-current charge is transitioned into
In pattern, constant-current charge is persistently charged with the electric current of 0.5C, is to change the electricity that charges by adjusting PWM cycle value in patten transformation
Flow valuve, is transitioned into constant-voltage charge pattern by every batteries magnitude of voltage has all reached set magnitude of voltage V2, and constant pressure is filled
Electricity is with battery maximum voltage VmaxPersistently charge to the close V of cell voltagemax, with minimum current IminIt is charged to most full state.Profit
First electric capacity is charged with PWM waveform control charging current voltage, then is charged by the electric capacity battery lower to potential, so can be with
Reducing the impact that causes on battery of crest voltage affects, using control of the PWM waveform to capacitor charging time, charge power supply it is defeated
Going out magnitude of voltage can meet more than VmaxCertain voltage scope, both the range of choice of charger is relatively wide.
Above-mentioned technical proposal only embodies the optimal technical scheme of technical solution of the present invention, those skilled in the art
Some of which part is made some variation embody the present invention principle, belong to protection scope of the present invention it
It is interior.
Claims (10)
1. it is a kind of that Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging method is controlled based on PWM, it is characterised in that to comprise the steps：
(1) AD collections：AD collections are carried out to the magnitude of voltage of charge power supply；
(2) PWM waveform is produced：PWM waveform is produced by microprocessor；
(3) electric capacity parallel circuit：Electric capacity and cell parallel are formed into parallel circuit, and electric capacity need to be in the front end of battery；
(4) PWM duty cycle is changed：PWM duty cycle is obtained by capacitor charge and discharge equation of time computing；
(5) charge mode is switched：Charging current, magnitude of voltage are changed according to the fundamental characteristics of lithium battery, the charging of lithium battery is adjusted
Pattern.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
Described when parallel circuit is connected in step (3), the position of electric capacity is located at the front end of battery.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
It is described to be calculated needed for the boundary value that capacitance voltage reaches cell voltage by the discharge and recharge formula of electric capacity in step (4)
Charging interval, then cycle and the dutycycle adjustment battery charging voltage of PWM are calculated by microprocessor.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
In step (5), the lithium cell charging pattern includes precharge, constant-current charge, constant-voltage charge, trickle charge.
5. according to claim 4 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
The precharge mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.1C.
6. according to claim 4 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
The constant current charging mode is the pattern charged with the current versus cell of 0.5C.
7. according to claim 4 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
The constant-voltage charge pattern is lithium battery group ceiling voltage VsumIt is charged the pattern of mould.
8. according to claim 4 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
The trickle charge is with minimum current IminCharge to every economize on electricity cell voltage and then reach the pattern of maximum.
9. according to claim 3 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
The charging interval can be used as the dutycycle operation values of PWM waveform output.
10. according to claim 1 a kind of based on PWM control Intelligent lithium battery condenser type charging methods, it is characterised in that
In step (2), the PWM ripples row output need to do charging and cut-off process through a metal-oxide-semiconductor, but when the high level of PWM arrives,
Metal-oxide-semiconductor is turned on.
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Cited By (1)
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| CN108417917A (en) * | 2018-01-10 | 2018-08-17 | 中山大学 | A kind of lithium ion battery fast charge method |
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| CN106684480B (en) | 2020-12-29 |
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