CN106681278B - Cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during five axis Flank machinings - Google Patents

Cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during five axis Flank machinings Download PDF

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CN106681278B
CN106681278B CN201710131929.1A CN201710131929A CN106681278B CN 106681278 B CN106681278 B CN 106681278B CN 201710131929 A CN201710131929 A CN 201710131929A CN 106681278 B CN106681278 B CN 106681278B
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cutter
coordinate points
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CN106681278A (en
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王立平
佀昊
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Tsinghua University
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    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
    • G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
    • G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
    • G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
    • G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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Abstract

The invention discloses cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction methods during a kind of five axis Flank machinings, belong to mechanical field of machining technology.This method is by CAM Software Create cutting position file and according to the feed number of plies more new blank；Blank surface coordinate points are extracted, according to given cutter location information, judgement is suitable for the point set region that current tool position uses；Cutter is extracted into the coordinate points near cutter profile line respectively, as restrictive condition, to traverse each infinitesimal apart from tool axis vertical length and cutter infinitesimal axial range for multiple cutter infinitesimals along axially discrete；By each coordinate points line, the contact profile of cutter and workpiece at this layer of milling process middle finger stationary knife site is obtained.The invention avoids complex-curved description and software secondary development processes, the judgement suitable for square end mill, round nose slotting cutter and ball end mill cutter and workpiece instantaneous contact area during five axis Flank machinings.

Description

Cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during five axis Flank machinings
Technical field
It is especially suitable the present invention relates to cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during a kind of five axis Flank machinings For square end mill, round nose slotting cutter and ball end mill during five axis Flank machinings cutter and workpiece instantaneous contact area The judgement in domain belongs to mechanical field of machining technology.
Background technique
Five-axle linkage Flank machining is a kind of typical line contact machining mode, utilizes the side edge milling zero of rotating tool Part work surface has many advantages, such as that high in machining efficiency, machining condition is good, obtains extensively in industries such as aerospace, automobile, molds General application.The problems such as in order to solve machining deformation during five axis side millings, processing flutter, tool wear, guarantee that part processes matter Amount, needs to further investigate the cutting force during five axis Flank machinings, and cutter and the real-time of workpiece contact zone obtain Take be five-axis robot Milling Force prediction key point.In three traditional axis Milling Processes, due to cutter and workpiece Relative motion is fairly simple, only can be obtained contact area by analytic method, but for multi-axis milling processing, to be processed Face is mostly complex-curved, it is difficult to be described with accurate math equation.Therefore, some scholars attempt to be solved with the applicable law and discrete method Problems.
" Ma J, Zhang D, Liu Y, the et al.Tool posture dependent chatter of document 1 suppression in five-axis milling of thin-walled workpiece with ball-end cutter[J].The International Journal of Advanced Manufacturing Technology, 2016:1-13. " discloses the instance method of milling cutter and workpiece instantaneous contact area during a kind of five axis Flank machinings of acquisition, It judges the contact zone of each cutter location moment lower milling cutter entity and workpiece entity by carrying out virtual emulation to process Domain, and export to user interface.However, this method needs to carry out secondary development to commercial simulation software, limits its popularization and answer Use range.
" Li Z L, Wang X Z, the Zhu L M.Arc-surface intersection method to of document 2 calculate cutter–workpiece engagements for generic cutter in five-axis Milling [J] .Computer-Aided Design, 2016,73:1-10. " disclose a kind of five axis Flank machining mistakes of acquisition Workpiece was separated into several arrows drawn from grid surface before this by the discrete method of milling cutter and workpiece instantaneous contact area in journey Amount, then judges the intersection point of vector and cutter, finally connects each intersection point to form cutter and work piece contact zone.However, should Method is computationally intensive during calculating vector and workpiece intersection point, affects the extraction efficiency of contact area.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve milling cutter and workpiece instantaneous contact area judgment method application range during existing five axis Flank machining The problems such as narrow, low efficiency, the present invention provides cutter and workpiece instant contact contours extracts during a kind of five axis Flank machinings Method.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions.
Cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during five axis Flank machinings of one kind, this method includes following step It is rapid:
1) in CAM software, initial blank is given, using any point of blank bottom surface as origin, according to the right-hand rule, is established Blank Cutter coordinate system O-XYZ inputs tool radius R0, knife tool arc radius r, according to procedure calls set processing technology ginseng Number calculates the cutting number of plies and the corresponding cutter location number of each cutting lay required for part processing by CAM software, and exports Cutting position file comprising knife position of cusp, generating tool axis vector and contacting points position information, abbreviation CL file；
2) after each cutting lay feed, the blank for the cutting lay that need to timely update is prepared for next layer of feed, it is assumed that Under current time, cutter is located at n-th of cutter location in m-th of cutting lay, wherein m, n=1,2, and 3 ..., with symbol WBKmTable Show the corresponding blank of m-th of cutting lay, extracts WBKmThe coordinate points on surface are denoted as set { A }；
3) judge that current tool geometry in X, Y, the minimum and maximum coordinate value of Z-direction, is extracted and is in set { A } Coordinate points within the scope of the minimum and maximum coordinate value of cutter are denoted as set { B }, calculate separately in set { B } each coordinate points to knife The vertical range of axial vector is indicated with symbol L；
4) it from the cutting position information read in CL file under current time, using point of a knife point as coordinate origin, establishes instantaneous Tool coordinate system { o-xyz }m,n, the coordinate points in set { B } are coordinately transformed, { o-xyz } is obtainedm,nEach point under coordinate system Coordinate points in set { B } are divided into { B using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary by coordinate1And { B2} Two subsets are respectively used to the extraction of cutter column part and circular arc portion instant contact profile；
5) setting accuracy value δ extracts set { B1In all satisfactions | | L-R0| | the point of < δ is denoted as set { C1}；It looks for Gather { C1In each coordinate points z to maximum value, be denoted as zmax, it is more to be that cutter is separated into along axial direction by height from bottom to top with dz A cutter infinitesimal, and according to formula
T=int (zmax/dz),T2=r/dz
It acquires respectively and participates in the total infinitesimal number of plies T of cutter and circular arc portion infinitesimal number of plies T that contact profile calculates2, wherein letter Number int indicates to be rounded；
6) for i-th of cutter infinitesimal of cutter column part, i ∈ [T2+ 1, T], extract set { C1In be located at this infinitesimal Coordinate points of the z into range are denoted as set { D1,i, difference statistics set { D1,iIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, Use Num1It indicates, if Num1Equal to 1, then set { D is extracted1,iIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E1,i}；If Num1Differ In 1, then it will gather { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points x, y, z coordinate value be separately summed and be averaged, be denoted as set {E1,i}；
7) for j-th of cutter infinitesimal in knife tool arc part range, j ∈ [1, T2], according to formula
The real radius value R (z) of the cutter infinitesimal is calculated, set { B is extracted2In all satisfactions | | L-R (z) | | < δ's Point is denoted as set { C2,j, then, extract set { C2,jIn be located at coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, be denoted as set {D2,j, difference statistics set { D2,jIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, use Num2It indicates, if Num2Equal to 1, then mention Take set { D2,jIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E2,j}；If Num2Not equal to 1, then it will gather { D2,jIn be located at y-axis The x, y, z coordinate value of two sides coordinate points is separately summed and is averaged, and is denoted as set { E2,j}；
8) all set { E are extracted1,iAnd set { E2,jIn coordinate points, set { E } is denoted as, by the seat in set { E } Punctuate successively line, obtain m-th of cutting lay, at n-th of cutter location cutter and workpiece instant contact profile；
9) judge whether the contact profile in current cutting lay at all cutter locations is all extracted to finish, if it is not, then n=n+ 1, repeat step 3)~step 8)；If so, extracting work terminates.
In above-mentioned technical proposal, more new blank described in step 2) should include the following steps:
1) from the cutting position information for reading all cutter locations in the m-1 cutting lay in CL file, respectively in each knife Instantaneous tool coordinate system is established at site, is denoted as { o-xyz }m-1, extract profile of the cutter at each cutter location in yz plane Point is denoted as { Dots }m-1, in CAM software, the profile point being fitted respectively at same tool position with luminance curve forms k item Line is scanned, { Lines } is denoted asm-1, wherein k is the profile point number of cutter at each cutter location；
2) line { Lines } is scanned on cutter cross section profile edgem-1It scans, obtains the cutter swept surface of the m-1 cutting lay, With { Faces }m-1It indicates, then to { Faces }m-1Suture operation is carried out, the cutter for generating the m-1 cutting lay scans entity, uses SWEm-1It indicates；
3) with the blank WBK of the m-1 cutting laym-1Entity SWE is scanned to cutterm-1Boolean subtraction calculation is carried out, m is obtained The blank WBK of a cutting laym, it is expressed as follows in a manner of set operation:
WBKm=WBKm-1-*SWEm-1
In formula ,-* indicates Boolean subtraction calculation symbol.
Process tool of the invention preferably uses square end mill, round nose slotting cutter or ball end mill.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following advantages that and the technical effect of high-lighting: the present invention is by extracting hair The coordinate points of base work surface quickly calculate in five-axis milling process cutter at each cutter location in a manner of procedure With the instant contact profile of workpiece, surface description and the secondary development to commercial simulation software are avoided, has combined calculating Efficiency, especially suitable for square end mill, round nose slotting cutter and ball end mill during five axis Flank machinings cutter and work The judgement of part instantaneous contact area, convenient for being integrated in CAD/CAM system, for during five axis Flank machinings Milling Force it is pre- It surveys.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is cutter and workpiece instant contact profile calculation flow chart during five axis Flank machinings.
Fig. 2 is five axis Flank machining S-shaped of round nose milling cutter detection the 1st milling layer schematic diagram of test specimen of embodiment 1.
Fig. 3 be the 1st milling layer in embodiment 1, at the 270th knife position cutter and workpiece instant contact profile diagram.
Fig. 4 is the Accuracy Verification figure for obtaining cutter and workpiece instant contact profile in embodiment 1 by this method.
Fig. 5 is the cutter swept surface figure generated in embodiment 2 according to the 1st milling layer tool track.
Fig. 6 is five axis Flank machining S-shaped of round nose milling cutter detection the 2nd milling layer schematic diagram of test specimen of embodiment 2.
Fig. 7 be the 2nd milling layer in embodiment 2, at the 270th knife position cutter and workpiece instant contact profile diagram.
Fig. 8 is the Accuracy Verification figure for obtaining cutter and workpiece instant contact profile in embodiment 2 by this method.
Appended drawing reference: 1-target part；2-layers to be removed；3-round nose milling cutters；Coordinate points in 4-set { E }；5— Cutter and workpiece instant contact contour line；6-cutter cross section profiles；7-scan line；8-swept surfaces.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described further with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Fig. 1 is cutter and workpiece instant contact profile calculation process during a kind of five axis Flank machining provided by the invention Figure, the method set working process parameter according to procedure calls first, are calculated required for processing part by CAM software Cut the number of plies and the corresponding cutter location number of each cutting lay, output cutting position paper；Again by generating a upper cutting lay Cutter scans entity, updates the blank of current cutting lay；Then the point cloud data in blank face to be processed is extracted, judgement is suitable for working as The point cloud sector domain that preceding tool position uses will be sat using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary in the region Punctuate is divided into two subsets, is respectively used to the extraction of cutter column part and circular arc portion contact profile；Then by cutter along axis To it is discrete be multiple cutter infinitesimals, respectively using apart from tool axis vertical length and cutter infinitesimal axial range as restrictive condition, Each infinitesimal is traversed, the coordinate points near cutter profile line are extracted；Finally by each coordinate points line, this layer of milling process is obtained In, specify the contact profile of cutter and workpiece at knife position.The invention avoids the secondary development to commercial simulation software, while again Computational efficiency can be taken into account, square end mill, round nose slotting cutter and ball end mill knife during five axis Flank machinings are suitable for The judgement of tool and workpiece instantaneous contact area, convenient for being integrated in CAD/CAM system, for milling during five axis Flank machinings The prediction of power.Its specific implementation step is as follows:
1) in CAM software, initial blank is given, using any point of blank bottom surface as origin, according to the right-hand rule, is established Square end mill, round nose slotting cutter or ball end mill can be selected in blank Cutter coordinate system O-XYZ, process tool；Input cutter Radius R0, knife tool arc radius r, according to procedure calls set working process parameter；Part, which is calculated, by CAM software processes institute The corresponding cutter location number of the cutting number of plies and each cutting lay needed, and exporting includes knife position of cusp, generating tool axis vector and contact The cutting position file of dot position information, abbreviation CL file；
2) after each cutting lay feed, the blank for the cutting lay that need to timely update is prepared for next layer of feed:
Blank update method are as follows: from the cutting position information for reading all cutter locations in the m-1 cutting lay in CL file, Instantaneous tool coordinate system is established at each cutter location respectively, is denoted as { o-xyz }m-1, it is flat to extract cutter yz at each cutter location Profile point in face is denoted as { Dots }m-1, in CAM software, the profile that is fitted respectively with luminance curve at same tool position Point forms k item and scans line, is denoted as { Lines }m-1, wherein k is the profile point number of cutter at each cutter location；By cutter section Line { Lines } is scanned on profile edgem-1It scans, obtains the cutter swept surface of the m-1 cutting lay, with { Faces }m-1It indicates, then right {Faces}m-1Suture operation is carried out, the cutter for generating the m-1 cutting lay scans entity, uses SWEm-1It indicates；With m-1 The blank WBK of cutting laym-1Entity SWE is scanned to cutterm-1Boolean subtraction calculation is carried out, the blank of m-th of cutting lay is obtained WBKm, it is expressed as follows in a manner of set operation:
WBKm=WBKm-1-*SWEm-1 (1)
In formula ,-* indicates Boolean subtraction calculation symbol.
It is assumed that cutter is located at n-th of cutter location in m-th of cutting lay, wherein m, n=1,2 under current time, 3 ..., With symbol WBKmIt indicates the corresponding blank of m-th of cutting lay, extracts WBKmThe coordinate points on surface are denoted as set { A }；
3) judge that current tool geometry in X, Y, the minimum and maximum coordinate value of Z-direction, is extracted and is in set { A } Coordinate points within the scope of the minimum and maximum coordinate value of cutter are denoted as set { B }, calculate separately in set { B } each coordinate points to knife The vertical range of axial vector is indicated with symbol L；
4) it from the cutting position information read in CL file under current time, using point of a knife point as coordinate origin, establishes instantaneous Tool coordinate system { o-xyz }m,n, the coordinate points in set { B } are coordinately transformed, { o-xyz } is obtainedm,nEach point under coordinate system Coordinate points in set { B } are divided into { B using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary by coordinate1And { B2} Two subsets are respectively used to the extraction of cutter column part and circular arc portion instant contact profile；
5) setting accuracy value δ extracts set { B1In all satisfactions | | L-R0| | the point of < δ is denoted as set { C1}；It looks for Gather { C1In each coordinate points z to maximum value, be denoted as zmax, it is more to be that cutter is separated into along axial direction by height from bottom to top with dz A cutter infinitesimal, and according to formula:
T=int (zmax/dz),T2=r/dz (2)
It acquires respectively and participates in the total infinitesimal number of plies T of cutter and circular arc portion infinitesimal number of plies T that contact profile calculates2, wherein letter Number int indicates to be rounded；
6) for i-th of cutter infinitesimal of cutter column part, i ∈ [T2+ 1, T], extract set { C1In be located at this infinitesimal Coordinate points of the z into range are denoted as set { D1,i, difference statistics set { D1,iIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, Use Num1It indicates, if Num1Equal to 1, then set { D is extracted1,iIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E1,i}；If Num1Differ In 1, then it will gather { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points x, y, z coordinate value be separately summed and be averaged, be denoted as set {E1,i}；
7) for j-th of cutter infinitesimal in knife tool arc part range, j ∈ [1, T2], according to formula:
The real radius value R (z) of the cutter infinitesimal is calculated, set { B is extracted2In all satisfactions | | L-R (z) | | < δ's Point is denoted as set { C2,j, then, extract set { C2,jIn be located at coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, be denoted as set {D2,j, difference statistics set { D2,jIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, use Num2It indicates, if Num2Equal to 1, then mention Take set { D2,jIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E2,j}；If Num2Not equal to 1, then it will gather { D2,jIn be located at y-axis The x, y, z coordinate value of two sides coordinate points is separately summed and is averaged, and is denoted as set { E2,j}；
8) all set { E are extracted1,iAnd set { E2,jIn coordinate points, set { E } is denoted as, by the seat in set { E } Punctuate successively line, obtain m-th of cutting lay, at n-th of cutter location cutter and workpiece instant contact profile；
9) judge whether the contact profile in current cutting lay at all cutter locations is all extracted to finish, if it is not, then n=n+ 1, repeat step 3)~step 8)；If so, extracting work terminates.
Embodiment 1:S shape detects the 1st milling layer, round nose slotting cutter at the 270th knife position during test specimen Flank machining It is calculated with workpiece instant contact profile, calculation process is as shown in Figure 1.
1) it is as follows to give primary condition information:
The target part of the present embodiment processing is that 10mm thickness S-shaped detects test specimen, by symmetrically increasing in target part two sides The layer to be removed of 2mm thickness obtains initial blank, using any point of blank bottom surface as origin, establishes Cutter coordinate system O-XYZ, adds Work tool selection round nose slotting cutter, tool radius R0=8mm, knife tool arc radius r=3mm, blank whole height 30mm are divided into 3 layers complete the process；
The cutter path of every layer of milling is automatically generated by the UG software in CAM, output is sweared comprising knife position of cusp, cutter shaft The cutting position file of amount and contacting points position information；
2) for the 1st layer of milling, blank used is initial blank, uses WBK1It indicates, extracts WBK1The coordinate points on surface, note For set { A }；
3) judge current tool geometry in X, Y, the minimum and maximum coordinate value of Z-direction, respectively X ∈ [212, 232], [- 5,15] Y ∈, Z ∈ [15,30] extract the coordinate points in set { A } within the scope of minimum and maximum coordinate value, It is denoted as set { B }, calculating separately each coordinate points in set { B } is indicated to the vertical range of generating tool axis vector with symbol L；
4) from the cutting position information for reading the 270th cutter location in the 1st layer of milling process in CL file:
GOTO/222.8603,5.0227,18.7857,-0.0102,0.2143,0.9767$$0.0739,-0.9739, 0.2145 establishes instantaneous tool coordinate system { o-xyz }1,270, wherein coordinate of the o point in Cutter coordinate system be [222.8603, 5.0227,18.7857], x-axis vector [- 0.9972, -0.0744,0.0059], y-axis vector [0.0739, -0.9739, 0.2145], z-axis vector [- 0.0102,0.2143,0.9767], as shown in Figure 2；Coordinate is carried out to the coordinate points in set { B } Transformation, obtains { o-xyz }1,270Various point locations under coordinate system will using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary Coordinate points in set { B } are divided into { B1And { B2Two subsets, it is respectively used to cutter column part and circular arc portion instant contact The extraction of profile；
5) setting accuracy value δ=0.01mm extracts set { B1In all satisfactions | | L-R0| | the point of < δ is denoted as set {C1, look for set { C1In each coordinate points z to maximum value, acquire zmax=13.24mm is highly by knife with dz=0.1mm It is multiple cutter infinitesimals that tool is discrete along axial direction, according to formula
T=int (zmax/dz),T2=r/dz (4)
It acquires respectively and participates in the total infinitesimal number of plies T=133 of cutter and circular arc portion infinitesimal number of plies T that contact calculates2=30；
6) for i-th of cutter infinitesimal within the scope of cutter column part, i ∈ [31,133] extracts set { C1In position In coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, it is denoted as set { D1,i, difference statistics set { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate Point number, uses Num1It indicates, if Num1Equal to 1, then set { D is extracted1,iIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E1,i}；If Num1Not equal to 1, then it will gather { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points x, y, z coordinate value be separately summed and be averaged, remember For set { E1,i}；
7) for j-th of cutter infinitesimal in knife tool arc part range, j ∈ [1,30], according to formula
The real radius R (z) of the cutter infinitesimal is calculated, set { B is extracted2In all satisfactions | | L-R (z) | | the point of < δ, It is denoted as set { C2,j, then, extract set { C2,jIn be located at coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, be denoted as set { D2,j, Statistics set { D respectively2,jIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points number, use Num2It indicates, if Num2Equal to 1, set is extracted {D2,jIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E2,j}；If Num2Not equal to 1, by set { D2,jIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate The x, y, z coordinate value of point is separately summed and is averaged, and is denoted as set { E2,j}；
8) all set { E are extracted1,iAnd set { E2,jIn coordinate points, set { E } is denoted as, by the seat in set { E } Punctuate successively line to get into the 1st layer of milling process at the 270th knife position cutter and workpiece contact profile, such as Fig. 3 institute Show；
9) in order to verify the accuracy of this method, the applicable law can be used to obtain the contact area of cutter and workpiece, then will collection It closes under the coordinate points in { E } are converted to O-XYZ coordinate system and describes, import UG software, point of observation is bonded with contact zone outline Situation, as shown in figure 4, the coordinate points as can be seen from the figure gathered in { E } have been bonded actually connecing for cutter and workpiece well Wheel trolley is wide.
Embodiment 2:S shape detects the 2nd milling layer, round nose slotting cutter at the 270th knife position during test specimen Flank machining It is calculated with workpiece instant contact profile, calculation process is as shown in Figure 1.
1) it is as follows to give primary condition information:
The target part of the present embodiment processing is that 10mm thickness S-shaped detects test specimen, by symmetrically increasing in target part two sides The layer to be removed of 2mm thickness obtains initial blank, and Cutter coordinate system is indicated with O-XYZ, and process tool selects round nose milling cutter, cutter Radius R0=8mm, knife tool arc radius r=3mm, blank whole height 30mm are divided into 3 layers and complete the process；
The cutter path of every layer of milling is automatically generated by the UG software in CAM, output is sweared comprising knife position of cusp, cutter shaft The cutting position file of amount and contacting points position information；
2) for the 2nd layer of milling, more new blank is needed, the specific method is as follows:
A, from the cutting position information for extracting all cutter locations in the 1st cutting lay in CL file, cutter seat is established respectively Mark system, is denoted as { o-xyz }1, profile point of the cutter at each cutter location in yz plane is extracted, { Dots } is denoted as1, in CAM software In, the profile point being fitted respectively at same tool position with luminance curve forms 7 and scans line, is denoted as { Lines }1, herein Scan profile point number of the number of lines corresponding to cutter at each cutter location；
B, line { Lines } is scanned on cutter cross section profile edge1It scans, obtains the cutter swept surface of the 1st cutting lay {Faces}1, as shown in figure 5, again to { Faces }1Suture operation is carried out, the cutter for generating the 1st cutting lay scans entity, uses SWE1It indicates；
C, with the blank WBK of the 1st cutting lay1Entity SWE is scanned to cutter1Boolean subtraction calculation is carried out, the 2nd is obtained and cuts Cut the blank WBK of layer2, it is expressed as follows in a manner of set operation:
WBK2=WBK1-*SWE1 (6)
In formula ,-* indicates Boolean subtraction calculation symbol；
Extract WBK2The coordinate points on surface are denoted as set { A }；
3) judge current tool geometry in X, Y, the minimum and maximum coordinate value of Z-direction, respectively X ∈ [212, 232], [- 7,13] Y ∈, Z ∈ [5,25] extract the coordinate points in set { A } within the scope of minimum and maximum coordinate value, note For set { B }, calculating separately each coordinate points in set { B } is indicated to the vertical range of generating tool axis vector with symbol L；
4) from the cutting position information for reading the 270th cutter location in the 2nd layer of milling process in CL file:
GOTO/222.8378,2.8307,8.7720,-0.0095,0.2127,0.9770$$0.0587,-0.9753, 0.2129 establishes instantaneous tool coordinate system { o-xyz }2,270, wherein coordinate of the o point in Cutter coordinate system be [222.8378, 2.8307,8.7720], x-axis vector [- 0.9982, -0.0594,0.0032], y-axis vector [0.0587, -0.9753, 0.2129], z-axis vector [- 0.0095,0.2127,0.9770], as shown in Figure 6；Coordinate is carried out to the coordinate points in set { B } Transformation, obtains { o-xyz }2,270Various point locations under coordinate system, using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary, The coordinate points gathered in { B } are divided into { B1And { B2Two subsets, it is respectively used to cutter column part and circular arc portion instantaneously connects The extraction of wheel trolley exterior feature；
5) setting accuracy value δ=0.01mm extracts set { B1In all satisfactions | | L-R0| | the point of < δ is denoted as set {C1, look for set { C1In each coordinate points z to maximum value, acquire zmax=13.24mm is highly by knife with dz=0.1mm It is multiple cutter infinitesimals that tool is discrete along axial direction, according to formula
T=int (zmax/dz),T2=r/dz (7)
It acquires respectively and participates in the total infinitesimal number of plies T=133 of cutter and circular arc portion infinitesimal number of plies T that contact calculates2=30；
6) for i-th of cutter infinitesimal within the scope of cutter column part, i ∈ [31,133] extracts set { C1In position In coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, it is denoted as set { D1,i, difference statistics set { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate Point number, uses Num1It indicates, if Num1Equal to 1, then set { D is extracted1,iIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E1,i}；If Num1Not equal to 1, then it will gather { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points x, y, z coordinate value be separately summed and be averaged, remember For set { E1,i}；
7) for j-th of cutter infinitesimal in knife tool arc part range, j ∈ [1,30], according to formula
The real radius R (z) of the cutter infinitesimal is calculated, set { B is extracted2In all satisfactions | | L-R (z) | | the point of < δ, It is denoted as set { C2,j, then, extract set { C2,jIn be located at coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, be denoted as set { D2,j, Statistics set { D respectively2,jIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points number, use Num2It indicates, if Num2Equal to 1, set is extracted {D2,jIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E2,j}；If Num2Not equal to 1, by set { D2,jIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate The x, y, z coordinate value of point is separately summed and is averaged, and is denoted as set { E2,j}；
8) all set { E are extracted1,iAnd set { E2,jIn coordinate points, set { E } is denoted as, by the seat in set { E } Punctuate successively line to get into the 2nd layer of milling process at the 270th knife position cutter and workpiece contact profile, such as Fig. 7 institute Show；
9) in order to verify the accuracy of this method, the applicable law can be used to obtain the contact area of cutter and workpiece, then will collection It closes under the coordinate points in { E } are converted to O-XYZ coordinate system and describes, import UG software, point of observation is bonded with contact zone outline Situation, as shown in figure 8, the coordinate points as can be seen from the figure gathered in { E } have been bonded actually connecing for cutter and workpiece well Wheel trolley is wide.
By sentencing to different cutting lay lower milling cutters during S-shaped detection test specimen Flank machining with workpiece instant contact profile It is disconnected, and corresponding verification test it can be proved that the method for the present invention can effectively extract during five axis Flank machinings cutter with The instant contact profile of workpiece.

Claims (3)

1. cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during a kind of five axis Flank machinings, it is characterised in that this method packet Include following steps:
1) in CAM software, given initial blank establishes blank Cutter coordinate system O- using any point of blank bottom surface as origin XYZ inputs tool radius R0, knife tool arc radius r, according to procedure calls set working process parameter；It is calculated by CAM software The cutting number of plies and the corresponding cutter location number of each cutting lay required for part processing out, and exporting includes knife position of cusp, knife The cutting position file of axial vector and contacting points position information, abbreviation CL file；
2) after each cutting lay feed, the blank for the cutting lay that need to timely update is prepared for next layer of feed；It is assumed that current When inscribe, cutter is located at n-th of cutter location in m-th cutting lay, wherein m, n=1,2,3 ..., with symbol WBKmIndicate the The corresponding blank of m cutting lay extracts WBKmThe coordinate points on surface are denoted as set { A }；
3) judge that current tool geometry in X, Y, the minimum and maximum coordinate value of Z-direction, is extracted and is in cutter in set { A } Coordinate points within the scope of minimum and maximum coordinate value are denoted as set { B }, calculate separately each coordinate points in set { B } and swear to cutter shaft The vertical range of amount is indicated with symbol L；
4) instantaneous tool is established using point of a knife point as coordinate origin from the cutting position information under reading current time in CL file Coordinate system { o-xyz }m,n, the coordinate points in set { B } are coordinately transformed, { o-xyz } is obtainedm,nEach point is sat under coordinate system Coordinate points in set { B } using the segmentation plane of cutter column part and circular arc portion as boundary, are divided into { B by mark1And { B2Two A subset is respectively used to the extraction of cutter column part and circular arc portion instant contact profile；
5) setting accuracy value δ extracts set { B1In all satisfactions | | L-R0| | the point of < δ is denoted as set { C1}；Look for set {C1In each coordinate points z to maximum value, be denoted as zmax, it is that cutter is separated into multiple knives along axial direction by height from bottom to top with dz Have infinitesimal, and according to formula:
T=int (zmax/dz),T2=r/dz
It acquires respectively and participates in the total infinitesimal number of plies T of cutter and circular arc portion infinitesimal number of plies T that contact profile calculates2, wherein function int It indicates to be rounded；
6) for i-th of cutter infinitesimal of cutter column part, i ∈ [T2+ 1, T], extract set { C1In be located at this infinitesimal z to Coordinate points in range are denoted as set { D1,i, difference statistics set { D1,iIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, use Num1It indicates, if Num1Equal to 1, then set { D is extracted1,iIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E1,i}；If Num1It is not equal to 1, then it will gather { D1,iIn be located at y-axis two sides coordinate points x, y, z coordinate value be separately summed and be averaged, be denoted as set {E1,i}；
7) for j-th of cutter infinitesimal in knife tool arc part range, j ∈ [1, T2], according to formula:
The real radius value R (z) of the cutter infinitesimal is calculated, set { B is extracted2In all satisfactions | | L-R (z) | | the point of < δ, note For set { C2,j, then, extract set { C2,jIn be located at coordinate points of this infinitesimal z into range, be denoted as set { D2,j, point Other statistics set { D2,jIn be distributed in the coordinate points numbers of y-axis two sides, use Num2It indicates, if Num2Equal to 1, then set is extracted {D2,jIn whole coordinate points, be denoted as set { E2,j}；If Num2Not equal to 1, then it will gather { D2,jIn be located at y-axis two sides sit The x, y, z coordinate value of punctuate is separately summed and is averaged, and is denoted as set { E2,j}；
8) all set { E are extracted1,iAnd set { E2,jIn coordinate points, set { E } is denoted as, by the coordinate points in set { E } Successively line, obtain m-th of cutting lay, at n-th of cutter location cutter and workpiece instant contact profile；
9) judge whether the contact profile in current cutting lay at all cutter locations is all extracted to finish, if it is not, then n=n+1, weight Multiple step 3)~step 8)；If so, extracting work terminates.
2. cutter and workpiece instant contact contour extraction method during five axis Flank machining according to claim 1, It is characterized in that, more new blank should include the following steps: in the step 2)
1) from the cutting position information for reading all cutter locations in the m-1 cutting lay in CL file, respectively in each cutter location Place establishes instantaneous tool coordinate system, is denoted as { o-xyz }m-1, extract profile point of the cutter at each cutter location in yz plane, note For { Dots }m-1, in CAM software, the profile point being fitted respectively at same tool position with luminance curve forms k item and scans Line is denoted as { Lines }m-1, wherein k is the profile point number of cutter at each cutter location；
2) line { Lines } is scanned on cutter cross section profile edgem-1It scans, obtains the cutter swept surface of the m-1 cutting lay, use {Faces}m-1It indicates, then to { Faces }m-1Suture operation is carried out, the cutter for generating the m-1 cutting lay scans entity, uses SWEm-1It indicates；
3) with the blank WBK of the m-1 cutting laym-1Entity SWE is scanned to cutterm-1Boolean subtraction calculation is carried out, m-th is obtained and cuts Cut the blank WBK of layerm, it is expressed as follows in a manner of set operation:
WBKm=WBKm-1-*SWEm-1
In formula ,-* indicates Boolean subtraction calculation symbol.
3. cutter and workpiece instant contact contours extract during a kind of five axis Flank machining according to claim 1 or 2 Method, it is characterised in that: process tool selects square end mill, round nose slotting cutter or ball end mill.
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