CN106680780B - Based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy under frequency spectrum share environment - Google Patents
Based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy under frequency spectrum share environment Download PDFInfo
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- CN106680780B CN106680780B CN201611128348.4A CN201611128348A CN106680780B CN 106680780 B CN106680780 B CN 106680780B CN 201611128348 A CN201611128348 A CN 201611128348A CN 106680780 B CN106680780 B CN 106680780B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/28—Details of pulse systems
- G01S7/282—Transmitters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/02—Systems using reflection of radio waves, e.g. primary radar systems; Analogous systems
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/02—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S13/00
- G01S7/35—Details of non-pulse systems
Abstract
The invention discloses, based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy, belong to Radar Design and manufacturing field under a kind of frequency spectrum share environment.The priori knowledge of the response of radar and communications system search coverage target frequency and communication system signal is obtained, and the echo for assuming that signal of communication reflects arrival radar through target can be by radar reception, processing；Establish the mathematical model of optimum waveform design；The mathematical model of formula optimum waveform is solved using lagrange's method of multipliers, and is iterated to calculate, and determines the optimal transmitted waveform of radar system.To minimize radar total transmission power as target, under conditions of meeting certain target component estimation performance and communication system channel capacity, adaptive optimal controls are carried out to radar system transmitted waveform, it had both guaranteed the channel capacity and communication quality of communication system, the radio frequency Stealth Fighter for also making radar system ensure to have optimal in the case where meeting certain target component estimation performance.
Description
Technical field
It is especially stealthy based on radio frequency under a kind of frequency spectrum share environment the present invention relates to a kind of radar waveform design method
Radar optimum waveform design method, belong to Radar Design and manufacturing field.
Background technique
Radar waveform optimization design is to promote the important means of radar system performance.In the actual frequency response of extension target
Under the conditions of known to determining, there are mainly two types of methods for radar waveform optimization design at present: first is that it is directed to the optimal detection of target, it should
Method will by maximizing output Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio (Signal-to-Interference-plus-Noise Ratio, SINR)
Amount is assigned in the most significant mode of target response, to obtain the optimal transmitted waveform for preferably detection extension target；Two
It is the optimal estimation for target component, this method is by maximizing the mutual trust between radar reception echo and target impulse response
Breath (Mutual Information, MI) distributes energy between the different mode of target response as much as possible, to obtain
For preferably estimating the optimal transmitted waveform of extension target.
In recent years, more and more to sense with the fast development of computer technology, the communication technology and microwave integrated circuit
Device participates in cooperation by involvement integrated network, and the radar waveform design under spectrum congestion environment has become one rich in challenge
The research hotspot of property.Traditional solution is to separate radar and other wireless systems to avoid to each other on frequency spectrum
It interferes.However, with radar and sharply increasing for wireless communication system quantity and further expanding for bandwidth of operation, radar
Frequency spectrum share state is usually in communication system, therefore, the radar waveform design method under frequency spectrum share environment is urgently to be resolved.
In addition, modern radar battlefield surroundings are increasingly sophisticated, antiradiation missile has received the living environment of radar seriously
Threat and challenge.Radio frequency stealth technology can significantly reduce thunder by the methods of control radar radiation energy, optimization radar waveform
Up to the probability for being detected by passive electronic reconnaissance equipment, finding, identify and being attacked by antiradiation missile, to improve radar itself
And its battlefield viability and fighting efficiency of carrying platform.
Although proposing the thought of radar waveform optimization design in the prior art, the target detection of radar system is improved
Can be with parameter Estimation performance, but these methods do not consider the radar waveform optimization design based on radio frequency Stealth Fighter.In addition, passing
The radar waveform design method of system assumes that radar system and communication system are separated from each other on frequency spectrum, are independent of each other, however,
In practical application, with the extension of radar and wireless communication system quantity sharply increased with bandwidth of operation, radar and communications system
System is usually in frequency spectrum share state, and both sides can have an impact mutual performance.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the present invention lies in prior art defect is overcome, provide a kind of in considering practical battlefield
In the case that radar and communications system spectrum is shared, radar system waveform total emission power is reduced, the radio frequency of radar system is promoted
The radar optimum waveform design method of Stealth Fighter.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides frequency spectrum share environment under it is optimal based on the stealthy radar of radio frequency
Waveform design method includes the following steps:
1) it, obtains radar and communications system search coverage target frequency and responds Hr[k]、Hs[k]、He[k] and communication system letter
Number XsThe priori knowledge of [k], and assume that the echo that signal of communication reflects arrival radar through target can be received by radar, be handled；
2), according to the thresholding MI for specifying MI to be calculatedmin, establish optimum waveform XrThe mathematical model of [k] design:
In formula,Represent K t easet ofasubcarriers；Lr[k], Ls[k], Ld[k], Lc[k], Le[k] is respectively
Constant represents the propagation loss of power on k-th of carrier wave；tkRepresent the channel capacity of communication system on k-th of carrier wave；Pmax,kGeneration
The maximum transmission power of radar system on k-th of carrier wave of table；Represent the corresponding noise power of carrier wave k.
3), by formula 1) in mathematical model conversion are as follows:
In formula, xk=| Xr[k]|2, dk=min { Pmax,k,ck}；
4) formula (2), are solved using lagrange's method of multipliers, and are iterated to calculate, determine the optimal transmitted wave of radar system
Shape | Xr[k]|2。
In the present invention, the step 4) are as follows:
41) Lagrange multiplier λ, is introduced1, λ2With λ3, Lagrange multiplier formula is constructed, respectively to xk, λ1, λ2With λ3Ask inclined
It leads:
42), pass through order WithMeet x simultaneouslyk>=0 solves with nonlinear optimization
Caro need-Kuhn-Tucker condition necessary condition, obtain the optimal transmitted waveform x of radar systemkExpression formula are as follows:
It is a constant, its size depends on MI thresholding:
Formula (5) will be metIt is worth in substitution formula (5), acquiring makes the smallest one group of optimal hair of radar system total transmission power
Ejected wave shapeAs optimal solution.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are: (1), the present invention on the basis of considering that radar and communications system spectrum is shared,
Regard the echo that signal of communication reflects arrival radar receiver through target as useful signal, is to minimize radar total transmission power
Target, under conditions of meeting certain target component estimation performance and communication system channel capacity, to radar system transmitted waveform
Carry out adaptive optimal controls.It had both guaranteed the channel capacity and communication quality of communication system, and radar system is also made to meet one
The radio frequency Stealth Fighter for ensuring to have optimal in the case where the parameter Estimation that sets the goal performance.The reason of generating the advantage is the present invention
Using optimum waveform design method, this method regards the echo that signal of communication reflects arrival radar receiver through target as useful
Signal is established under conditions of meeting certain system performance to minimize radar system total transmission power as target and is based on radio frequency
Stealthy optimum waveform designs a model.(2), compared with prior art, the present invention not only allows for radar emission waveform to communication
The influence of system channel capacity, and ensure that the radio frequency Stealth Fighter of radar system, improve radar system practicability and
Safety.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is radar and communications system model under frequency spectrum share；
Fig. 2 is radar optimum waveform design flow diagram；
Fig. 3 is frequency response of the target relative to radar；
Fig. 4 is communication system transmitting signal；
Fig. 5 is that the optimum waveform of radar designs；
Fig. 6 is MI performance under distinct methods with the change curve of system emission power.
Specific embodiment:
Further details of the technical solution of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawing.
In the case where radar and communications system spectrum is shared, according to priori knowledge, it is opposite to obtain target first by the present invention
Frequency response and communication system transmitting signal in radar and communication system；Then, signal of communication is reflected through target and reaches thunder
Echo up to receiver regards useful signal as, to minimize radar system total transmission power as target, sets the goal ginseng in satisfaction one
Under conditions of number estimation performance and communication system channel capacity, the radar optimum waveform optimization design mould stealthy based on radio frequency is established
Type, and model is solved by lagrange's method of multipliers.It is iterated to calculate, is chosen at and meets target component estimation performance item
Make the smallest radar emission waveform of radar total transmission power under part | Xr[k]2As optimal solution, by the optimal transmitted waveform of radar
|Xr[k]2It substitutes into radar optimum waveform mathematical optimization models, the minimum total transmitting of radar system for meeting constraint condition can be obtained
Power.As shown in Fig. 2, the specific steps are that:
1, target frequency response and communication system transmitting signal are determined
The present invention proposes radar optimum waveform design method stealthy based on radio frequency under a kind of frequency spectrum share environment, main benefit
Therefore frequency response of the target relative to radar should be first determined with the signal of communication for reaching radar receiver is reflected through target
Hr[k], the frequency response H of target relative communication systems[k]、He[k] and communication system transmitting signal Xs[k], and false letter signal
The echo for reflecting arrival radar through target can be received and be handled by radar, radar and communications system model such as Fig. 1 under frequency spectrum share
It is shown, in figure, HtIndicate communications system transmission response, HdIndicate that communication base station is responded to the propagated of radar.
2, the radiation parameter and MI threshold parameter of radar system are determined
Demand according to radio frequency Stealth Fighter, it is assumed that the missile waveform maximum sub-carrier number of radar is K, the transmitting of radar
Antenna gain and receiving antenna gain are respectively Gt、Gr, communication system antenna gain is Gs, tkRepresent communication system on k-th of carrier wave
The channel capacity of system；Pmax,kRepresent the maximum transmission power of radar system on k-th of carrier wave；Represent that carrier wave k is corresponding to make an uproar
Acoustical power.According to specified target component estimation performance, MI thresholding MI is setmin。
3, the requirement according to radar system to target component estimation performance, establishes the optimum waveform X stealthy based on radio frequencyr
The mathematical model of [k] optimization design, as follows:
In formula,Represent K t easet ofasubcarriers；Lr[k], Ls[k], Ld[k], Lc[k], Le[k] difference
For constant, the propagation loss of power on k-th of carrier wave is represented；tkRepresent the channel capacity of communication system on k-th of carrier wave；Pmax,k
Represent the maximum transmission power of radar system on k-th of carrier wave；Represent the corresponding noise power of carrier wave k.
4, x is enabledk=| Xr[k]|2, dk=min { Pmax,k,ck, mathematical model (1) is converted are as follows:
In formula, x=[x1,x2,…,xk], d=[d1,d2,…,dk], s.t.: for restrictive condition.
5, Lagrange multiplier λ is introduced1, λ2With λ3, construct Lagrange multiplier formula L (x, λ1,λ2,λ3), and determine and meet
Target component estimates thresholding MIminMinimum waveform general powerExpression formula:
In formula, subscript T representing matrix (vector) transposition.
5, design can solve nonlinear equation L (x, λ1,λ2,λ3) optimize KKT condition
To determine the optimal transmitted waveform x of radar systemk, by L (x, λ in above formula1,λ2,λ3) respectively to xk, λ1, λ2With λ3Ask inclined
It leads, and enablesWithMeet x simultaneouslyk>=0 Caro need-Kuhn-Tucker condition solved with nonlinear optimization
The necessary condition of (Karush-Kuhn-Tucker, KKT), as shown in formula (4):
Wherein, target variable respectively indicates the optimal solution of each parameter on all bands " * " in the present embodiment.
6, nonlinear equation L (x, λ are realized1,λ2,λ3) optimization
By solving formula (4), the steady transmitted waveform x of each radarkIt may be expressed as:
It is a constant, its size depends on MI thresholding:
Through iterating to calculate, formula (6) will be metIt is worth in substitution formula (5), acquiring keeps radar system total transmission power minimum
One group of optimal transmitted waveformAs optimal solution, and finally determine the total transmission power of radar system.
Simulation result: assuming that the parameter in step 2 is as shown in table 1.
Target relative to radar system frequency response as shown in figure 3, communication system transmitting signal is as shown in Figure 4.It is based on
The stealthy radar optimum waveform design result of radio frequency is as shown in Figure 5.Based on the optimum waveform that radio frequency is stealthy under frequency spectrum share environment
Design method is to respond and communicate transmitting signal according to target frequency to calculate resulting optimal transmitted waveform.As shown in Figure 5, radar
The waveform transmission power configuration of system mainly emits signal deciding relative to the frequency response of radar system and communication by target,
In assigning process, radar transmission power mainly distributes to the subcarrier that target frequency response is high, communication signal power level is low.For
Radar system, which is minimized, under the premise of guaranteeing certain target component estimation performance and communication system channel capacity always emits function
Rate carries out power distribution according to water-filling based on the stealthy radar optimum waveform design method of radio frequency, i.e., rings in target frequency
It answers and distributes most power at maximum, the minimum corresponding subcarrier of communication signal power.
Fig. 6 gives under different wave design method MI performance with the change curve of radar transmission power.It will be appreciated from fig. 6 that
Under the premise of meeting certain target component estimation performance and communication system channel capacity, signal of communication is reflected through target and is reached
The echo of radar receiver regards transmitted waveform obtained by the optimum waveform design method of useful signal as need to be more optimal than what is ignored
Waveform saves more power, this is because the communication transmitting signal for reflecting arrival radar receiver through target can be received by radar
Machine receives and processes, to promote the target component estimation performance of radar system.And it is based on the resulting radio frequency of optimal transmitted waveform
Stealth Fighter, which is substantially better than, distributes the resulting radio frequency Stealth Fighter of transmitted waveform based on even power, this is because even power point
With transmitted waveform be it is no it is any about target frequency respond and communicate transmitting signal priori knowledge in the case where, waveform is sent out
It penetrates power to evenly distribute in entire frequency range, therefore, it has worst radio frequency Stealth Fighter.
By above-mentioned simulation result it is found that based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy under frequency spectrum share environment,
Regard the echo that signal of communication reflects arrival radar receiver through target as useful signal, is to minimize radar total transmission power
Target carries out adaptive optimal controls to radar emission waveform, thus guaranteeing certain target component estimation performance and communication system
Under conditions of channel capacity of uniting, the radio frequency Stealth Fighter of system is effectively promoted.
There are many concrete application approach of the present invention, the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for
For those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvement can also be made, this
A little improve also should be regarded as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy under a kind of frequency spectrum share environment, it is characterised in that including as follows
Step:
1) it, obtains radar and communications system search coverage target frequency and responds Hr[k]、Hs[k]、He[k] and communication system signal Xs
The priori knowledge of [k], and assume that the echo that signal of communication reflects arrival radar through target can be received by radar, be handled；Hr[k] is
Frequency response of the target relative to radar, Hs[k]、He[k] is the frequency response of target relative communication system；
2), according to the thresholding MI for specifying MI to be calculatedmin, establish optimum waveform XrThe mathematical model of [k] design:
In formula,Represent K t easet ofasubcarriers；Lr[k], Ls[k], Ld[k], Lc[k], Le[k] is respectively normal
Number, represents the propagation loss of power on k-th of carrier wave；tkRepresent the channel capacity of communication system on k-th of carrier wave；Pmax,kIt represents
The maximum transmission power of radar system on k-th of carrier wave；Represent the corresponding noise power of carrier wave k；
MI is mutual information；MI thresholding be mutual information thresholding, k range be 0,1 ... .k-1；
3), the mathematical model in formula (1) is converted are as follows:
In formula, xk=| Xr[k]|2,X=[x1,x2,…,xk],
D=[d1,d2,…,dk], dk=min { Pmax,k,ck,
4) formula (2), are solved using lagrange's method of multipliers, and are iterated to calculate, determine the optimal transmitted waveform of radar system | Xr
[k]|2。
2. based on the radar optimum waveform design method that radio frequency is stealthy under frequency spectrum share environment according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that the step 4) are as follows:
41) Lagrange multiplier λ, is introduced1, λ2With λ3, Lagrange multiplier formula is constructed, respectively to xk, λ1, λ2With λ3Seek local derviation:
In formula, subscript T representing matrix (vector) transposition, λ is Lagrange multiplier；
42), pass through order WithMeet x simultaneouslyk>=0 solves with nonlinear optimization
Caro need-Kuhn-Tucker condition necessary condition, obtain the optimal transmitted waveform x of radar systemkExpression formula are as follows:
It is a constant, its size depends on MI thresholding:
Formula (5) will be metIt is worth in substitution formula (5), acquiring makes the smallest one group of optimal transmitted wave of radar system total transmission power
ShapeAs optimal solution.
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| RU2728280C1 (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-07-29 | Федеральное государственное казённое военное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Военная академия воздушно-космической обороны имени Маршала Советского Союза Г.К. Жукова" Министерства обороны Российской Федерации | Method for operation of a system of pulse-doppler on-board radar stations during group action of fighters |
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