CN106680090B - Testing device and testing method for stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed diagonal material - Google Patents

Abstract

A test device and test method for the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members, the device includes a reaction force wall (1) and a reaction force frame, both the reaction force frame and the reaction force wall (1) are fixed on a horizontal ground (22), and the reaction force The frame includes a column (7) and a beam (15) fixed on the column (7). A servo actuator (3) is fixed on the opposite side of the reaction force wall (1) to the reaction force frame. The servo actuation The device (3) is horizontally arranged, and also includes a jack (11), the jack (11) is vertically placed on the level ground (22), the beam (15), the column (7), the reaction wall (1) and the jack ( 11) There is a fixing device for the oblique material on the top, which can fix the four ends of the oblique material; the test device for the stable bearing capacity of the angle steel cross oblique material uses the servo actuator (3) and the jack (11) to test the angle steel cross oblique material. The force test can quickly determine the value of the bearing capacity of the slanted material, with strong applicability, convenient detection and accurate value.

Description

A test device and test method for the stable bearing capacity of angle steel cross inclined members

technical field

The invention relates to a test device for bearing capacity, in particular to a device and a test method for testing the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members.

Background technique

The independent steel structures erected to bear a certain air load, communication or other functions are collectively referred to as iron towers. Transmission line iron towers are referred to as transmission iron towers or power iron towers. They are steel towers with space truss structures used to support and carry transmission lines. It usually includes three parts: tower head, tower body and tower legs, which are generally made of angle steel, steel plate or steel pipe parts, and are connected by a combination of bolt connection and welding connection.

Angle steel crossed oblique members are commonly used parts of transmission towers, and are also important components to improve the bearing capacity and deformation resistance of transmission towers. Factors such as rod end eccentricity and rotation constraints make the calculation of the stability of crossed oblique members under compression more complicated. However, the current The "Technical Regulations on the Design of Tower Structures for Overhead Transmission Lines" (DL/T5154-2012) simplifies it to the calculation of axial compression members, and the data are highly discrete. The current theory is still based on finite element simulation and theoretical analysis. However, there is a lack of corresponding test basis, and there is still no special test device for the bearing capacity of cross-slope members in China.

Therefore, be badly in need of inventing a kind of simple in structure, easy to install, the transmission line iron tower angle steel cross oblique material stability bearing capacity test device with strong versatility.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the problems existing in the above-mentioned prior art, the present invention provides a test device and test method for the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members, which has a simple structure, is easy to install, and has strong versatility.

In order to achieve the above object, the test device for the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members of the present invention includes a reaction wall, a reaction frame and an electric control device, and the reaction frame and the reaction wall are all fixed on the horizontal ground;

The reaction force frame includes a column and a crossbeam horizontally fixed on the column, and the beam is fixedly connected with the column through a mobile positioning mechanism;

The reaction wall faces the wall of the reaction frame and is fixed with a horizontal servo actuator through the actuator base. The servo actuator has a built-in load sensor, and the end of the servo actuator away from the reaction wall is connected to the One end of the first T-shaped support is fixedly connected, and the other end of the first T-shaped support is provided with an inclined material fastening part;

A fourth T-shaped support is fixedly provided on the cylindrical surface of the column facing the reaction wall, and the fourth T-shaped support is fixedly connected with the column through a mobile positioning mechanism. material fastening parts;

The bottom surface of the crossbeam is fixed with a third T-shaped support, the third T-shaped support is fixedly connected with the crossbeam through a mobile positioning mechanism, and the end of the third T-shaped support away from the crossbeam is provided with a diagonal material fastening part;

A jack is vertically provided at the position corresponding to the third T-shaped support on the horizontal ground, and a second T-shaped support is fixed on the top of the jack, and a load sensor is also provided between the top of the jack and the second T-shaped support. , the end of the second T-shaped support away from the jack is provided with a slanting material fastening part; the jack has a sleeve with an open top outside, and two longitudinal chutes are arranged on its outer surface, and the longitudinal chute is located symmetrically on the sleeve. The two sides of the sleeve, and the longitudinal chute does not penetrate the side wall of the sleeve, the two longitudinal chute are slidingly connected with the L-shaped steel plate, and the top of the L-shaped steel plate is fixedly connected with the second T-shaped support;

The cross-sections of the columns and beams are both H-shaped, and a plurality of installation holes are evenly arranged on the side opposite the column and the reaction wall from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the beam is provided with evenly distributed installation holes in the length direction;

The electric control device includes an industrial control computer, a load control loop, a load feedback loop and a data analysis output loop, and the industrial control computer is respectively electrically connected to the built-in sensor of the servo actuator and the load sensor connected to the jack.

By changing the direction of the loading force of the servo actuator, adjusting the position of each T-shaped support and the longitudinal position of the crossbeam can adapt to crossing at various angles and oblique materials of various sizes and specifications. The compressive and tensile stresses can be applied to the oblique timber through the servo actuator, and its load value is automatically obtained by the built-in sensor. The compressive stress can be applied to the inclined timber through the jack, and its load value is automatically obtained by the external load sensor, so that the pressure stability of the inclined timber can be easily detected and evaluated.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the column is fixedly connected to the reaction wall through a horizontal tie rod, a first fastening member, and a second fastening member.

As a further improvement solution of the present invention, a bracket is fixed on the outer surface of the servo actuator, and the pole of the bracket is fixedly connected with the reaction wall.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the column also includes two auxiliary columns. The auxiliary column and the contact point between the column and the horizontal ground form an isosceles triangle. The bottom of the isosceles triangle is opposite to the reaction wall and the column. The sides are parallel, the tops of the two auxiliary columns on the base of the isosceles triangle are connected by a top beam, and the top of the column on the apex of the isosceles triangle is connected with the top beam by a beam.

As a further improvement of the present invention, a ground-fixed steel beam is fixed at the bottom of the column, and an inclined obliquely supporting steel beam is fixed between the ground-fixed steel beam and the column.

The method for testing the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members of the present invention comprises the following steps, step 1: each end of the angle steel crossed oblique members is respectively fixedly connected to the first to fourth T-shaped supports;

Step 2: Control the servo actuator and the jack to exert pressure on the angle steel cross slope, and obtain the load value when both ends of the angle steel cross slope are under pressure through the built-in sensor in the servo actuator and the load sensor connected to the jack;

Step 3: When the load value of the built-in sensor in the servo actuator or one of the load sensors connected to the jack cannot be kept stable and shows a downward trend in step 2, the test in step 2 is stopped, and the load value that drops first That is, the maximum pressure that the angle steel cross slope can bear;

Step 4: Control the servo actuator to apply tension to the horizontal angle steel in the angle steel cross slope, control the jack to apply pressure to the vertical angle steel in the angle steel cross slope, through the built-in sensor in the servo actuator and the load sensor connected to the jack It is possible to obtain the load value when one end of the angle steel cross slope is under pressure and the other end is under tension;

Step 5: When the load value of the load sensor connected to the jack in step 4 cannot be kept stable and shows a downward trend, the test is terminated, and the corresponding load value is recorded. The load value that drops first is what the angle steel cross slope can bear the maximum pressure.

Through the above steps, the load situation of the angle-steel cross-slope can be tested and analyzed quickly and accurately, and then the performance of the angle-steel cross-slope can be accurately evaluated; the present invention can change the direction of the loading force of the servo actuator to The stable bearing capacity test of compression-compression and tension-compression is carried out on the angle steel cross slope. The servo actuator fixed on the reaction wall can apply pressure and tension. The load value is automatically obtained by the built-in sensor and placed on the ground. The jack mainly provides the thrust to make the angle steel cross-slope produce pressure, and the corresponding load value is obtained through the pressure sensor; the horizontal stiffness of the device can be further ensured through the setting of the horizontal tie rod, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test; The cross-sections are all set to be H-shaped, and the side opposite the column and the reaction wall is evenly provided with a plurality of installation holes from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the beam is provided with evenly distributed installation holes in the length direction, which can improve the performance of the device. It can be used for the test of different types of angle steel cross-slope materials; through the horizontal and vertical adjustment of the upper steel beam, the versatility of the device can be improved; the servo actuator is fixed by the bracket, which better ensures the end The fixing effect of the part can ensure the accuracy of the test; the connection between the L-shaped steel plate and the upper chute of the jack sleeve and the fixed connection with the T-shaped support can further ensure the accuracy of the test; the operation process of the device Simple, wide applicability, high reliability, and reusable.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the device with fixing structures such as auxiliary columns.

Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 2;

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the position of the auxiliary column and the top beam;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of a jack and a sleeve;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the sleeve;

Fig. 7 is the front view of the second T-shaped support;

Fig. 8 is the left side view of the second T-shaped support;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the second T-shaped support;

Figure 10 is a front view of the support.

In the figure, 1. Reaction wall, 2. Actuator base, 3. Servo actuator, 4. Bracket, 5. First T-shaped support, 6. Horizontal tie rod, 7. Column, 71. Auxiliary column, 8. Angle steel cross slanting material, 9. Sleeve, 91. Longitudinal chute, 10. L-shaped steel plate, 11. Jack, 12. Load sensor, 13. The second T-shaped support, 14. The third T-shaped support , 15. Beam, 16. The first bolted member, 17. The fourth T-shaped support, 18. The ground fixed steel beam, 19. The oblique supporting steel beam, 20. The top fixed steel beam, 21. The second bolted member.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figure 1, the test device for the stable bearing capacity of angle steel crossed oblique members includes a reaction wall 1, a reaction frame and an electric control device, and the reaction frame and the reaction wall 1 are fixed on a level ground.

The reaction frame includes a column 7 and a crossbeam 15 horizontally fixed on the column 7 .

The reaction wall 1 facing the reaction frame is fixed with a horizontal servo actuator 3 through the actuator base 2. The servo actuator 3 has a built-in load sensor, and the servo actuator 3 is far away from the reaction force. One end of the force wall 1 is fixedly connected to one end of the first T-shaped support 5 , and the other end of the first T-shaped support 5 is provided with a fastening component of oblique material.

A fourth T-shaped support 17 is fixed on the cylindrical surface of the column 7 facing the reaction force wall 1 , and the end of the fourth T-shaped support 17 away from the column 7 is provided with a fastening part of oblique material.

The bottom surface of the beam 15 is fixed with a third T-shaped support 14 , and the end of the third T-shaped support 14 away from the cross beam 15 is provided with a fastening component of inclined material.

The position corresponding to the third T-shaped support 14 on the horizontal ground is also vertically provided with a jack 11, and the top of the jack 11 is fixedly provided with a second T-shaped support 13, and the top of the jack 11 is connected to the second T-shaped support 13. There is also a load sensor 12 between them, and the end of the second T-shaped support 13 away from the jack 11 is provided with an oblique material fastening part.

The electronic control device includes an industrial control computer, a load control loop, a load feedback loop and a data analysis output loop, and the industrial control computer is electrically connected to the built-in load sensor of the servo actuator 3 and the load sensor 12 respectively.

In order to facilitate the test of cross-slope materials with different crossing angles, as a further improvement of the present invention, the crossbeam 15 can be fixedly connected to the column 7 by bolts, and the column 7 needs to be provided with multiple mounting holes for adjusting the height position of the crossbeam 15 , the crossbeam 15 can also be connected with the column 7 through the chute, and its longitudinal position can be fixed by the fastener; similarly, this method can also be used to adjust the position for the adjustment of the third and fourth T-shaped supports.

And the fastening parts located at the head ends of all T-shaped supports can be fasteners of any common structure, and can also be hinged holes, which are hinged with the end of the oblique material through the hinged holes.

In order to ensure the accuracy of the test, as a further improvement of the present invention, as shown in FIGS. Fixed connection; through the setting of the horizontal tie rod 6, the horizontal stiffness of the device can be further ensured, thereby ensuring the accuracy of the test.

In order to increase the stability of the second T-shaped support 13 and ensure the accuracy of the test during the telescopic test of the jack 11, as a further improvement of the present invention, there is a sleeve 9 with an open top outside the jack 11. There are two longitudinal chute 91 on the surface, the longitudinal chute 91 is located on both sides of the sleeve 9 symmetry, and the longitudinal chute 91 does not penetrate the side wall of the sleeve 9, the two longitudinal chute 91 and the L-shaped steel plate 10 respectively Sliding connection, the top of the L-shaped steel plate 10 is fixedly connected with the second T-shaped support 13; during the action of the jack 11, the second T-shaped support 13 can slide up and down on the sleeve 9 through the L-shaped steel plate 10, and at the same time through the L-shaped The connection of the shaped steel plate with the chute on the jack sleeve and the fixed connection with the second T-shaped support can make the compressive stress produced by the jack 11 vertically upward along the chute to further ensure the accuracy of the test.

In order to ensure the stability of the output load of the servo actuator 3, as a further improvement of the present invention, a bracket 4 is fixed on the outer surface of the servo actuator 3, and the pole of the bracket 4 is fixedly connected with the reaction wall 1; The actuator 3 is fixed on the reaction wall 1 through the bracket 4, which can ensure the stability of the stress generation direction of the servo actuator 3, and will not cause problems such as vibration or displacement due to increased stress.

In order to facilitate installation and be applicable to the test of different types of angle steel cross slanting materials, as a further improvement of the present invention, the cross-sections of the column 7 and the beam 15 are both H-shaped, and the side of the column 7 opposite to the reaction wall 1 is from A plurality of mounting holes are uniformly arranged from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the beam 15 is provided with uniformly distributed mounting holes in the length direction.

In order to increase the overall stability of the reaction force frame, as a further improvement of the present invention, the column 7 also includes two auxiliary columns 71, and the contact points between the auxiliary columns 71 and the column 7 and the horizontal ground form an isosceles triangle, The bottom of the isosceles triangle is parallel to the opposite side of the reaction wall 1 and the column 7, and the tops of the two auxiliary columns 71 on the base of the isosceles triangle are connected by a top beam 20, and the column 7 on the apex of the isosceles triangle The top of the top is connected with the top beam 20 through the beam 15; the three uprights are distributed in a triangle, which can improve the stability of the reaction frame and ensure the accuracy of the test.

In order to further increase the overall stability of the reaction force frame, as a further improvement of the present invention, a ground-fixed steel beam 18 is fixed at the bottom of the column 7, and an inclined oblique direction is fixed between the ground-fixed steel beam 18 and the column 7. Support steel beam 19.

During the test, by changing the direction of the loading force of the servo actuator 3, it is possible to test the stable bearing capacity of the angle steel cross inclined material 8 in compression-compression and tension-compression, and the servo actuator 3 fixed on the reaction wall 1 can be The pressure and tension are applied, and the load value is automatically obtained by the built-in sensor. The horizontal jack 11 placed in the jack sleeve 9 on the ground mainly provides thrust to make the angle steel cross-slope produce pressure, and the corresponding load value is obtained by the pressure sensor; The operation process of the device is simple, its applicability is wide, its reliability is high, and it can be reused.

When using the device for testing, step 1: each end of the angle steel cross slanting material 8 is fixedly connected with the first to fourth T-shaped supports 5, 13, 14, 17;

Step 2: Control the servo actuator 3 and the jack 11 to apply pressure to the angle steel cross slant material 8, and obtain the average value of the two ends of the angle steel cross slant material 8 through the built-in sensor in the servo actuator 3 and the load sensor 12 connected with the jack 11. Load values under pressure;

Step 3: When the load value of the built-in sensor in the servo actuator 3 or one of the load sensors 12 connected to the jack 11 in step 2 cannot be kept stable and shows a downward trend, the test in step 2 is stopped, and the first drop The load value is the maximum pressure that the angle steel cross-slope material 8 can bear;

Step 4: Control the servo actuator 3 to apply tension to the horizontal angle steel in the angle steel cross slanting material 8, control the jack 11 to apply pressure to the vertical angle steel in the angle steel cross slanting material 8, through the built-in sensor in the servo actuator 3 and communicate with The load sensor 12 connected to the jack 11 can obtain the load value when one end of the angle steel cross slanting material 8 is under pressure and the other end is under tension;

Step 5: When the load value of the load sensor 12 connected to the jack 11 in step 4 cannot be kept stable and shows a downward trend, the test is terminated, and the corresponding load value is recorded, and the load value that drops first is the angle steel cross slanting material 8 The maximum pressure that can be tolerated.

In this way, the numerical value of the bearing capacity of the angle steel crossed oblique members can be quickly obtained, and the stability of the structure can be quickly analyzed, which is convenient to use and strong in practicability.

Claims (6)

1. A stable bearing capacity test device for angle steel crossed oblique materials comprises a reaction wall (1), a reaction frame and an electric control device, wherein the reaction frame and the reaction wall (1) are fixed on a horizontal ground; it is characterized in that the preparation method is characterized in that,

the reaction frame comprises an upright post (7) and a cross beam (15) horizontally fixed on the upright post (7), and the cross beam (15) is fixedly connected with the upright post (7) through a mobile positioning mechanism;

a horizontally arranged servo actuator (3) is fixedly arranged on the wall surface of the reaction wall (1) facing the reaction frame through an actuator base (2), a load sensor is arranged in the servo actuator (3), one end, far away from the reaction wall (1), of the servo actuator (3) is fixedly connected with one end of a first T-shaped support (5), and the other end of the first T-shaped support (5) is provided with an inclined material fastening part;

a fourth T-shaped support (17) is fixedly arranged on the cylindrical surface of the upright post (7) facing the reaction wall (1), the fourth T-shaped support (17) is fixedly connected with the upright post (7) through a mobile positioning mechanism, and an inclined material fastening part is arranged at one end, far away from the upright post (7), of the fourth T-shaped support (17);

a third T-shaped support (14) is fixedly arranged on the bottom surface of the cross beam (15), the third T-shaped support (14) is fixedly connected with the cross beam (15) through a mobile positioning mechanism, and an inclined material fastening part is arranged at one end, far away from the cross beam (15), of the third T-shaped support (14);

a jack (11) is vertically arranged at a position corresponding to the third T-shaped support (14) on the horizontal ground, a second T-shaped support (13) is fixedly arranged at the top end of the jack (11), a load sensor (12) is arranged between the top end of the jack (11) and the second T-shaped support (13), and an inclined material fastening part is arranged at one end, far away from the jack (11), of the second T-shaped support (13); the jack (11) is externally provided with a sleeve (9) with an opening at the top end, the outer surface of the jack is provided with two longitudinal sliding chutes (91), the longitudinal sliding chutes (91) are positioned at two symmetrical sides of the sleeve (9), the longitudinal sliding chutes (91) do not penetrate through the side wall of the sleeve (9), the two longitudinal sliding chutes (91) are respectively in sliding connection with an L-shaped steel plate (10), and the top end of the L-shaped steel plate (10) is fixedly connected with a second T-shaped support (13);

the cross sections of the upright post (7) and the cross beam (15) are both H-shaped, a plurality of mounting holes are uniformly formed in the surface, opposite to the reaction wall (1), of the upright post (7) from top to bottom, and the bottom surface of the cross beam (15) is provided with uniformly distributed mounting holes in the length direction;

the electric control device comprises an industrial control computer, a load control loop, a load feedback loop and a data analysis output loop, wherein the industrial control computer is respectively and electrically connected with a built-in sensor of the servo actuator (3) and a load sensor (12) connected with the jack (11).

2. The angle iron cross slope stable bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, wherein the upright column (7) is fixedly connected with the reaction wall (1) through a horizontal pull rod (6), a first bolt fixing member (16) and a second bolt fixing member (21).

3. The angle iron cross diagonal stable bearing capacity test device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that a bracket (4) is fixed on the outer surface of the servo actuator (3), and a strut of the bracket (4) is fixedly connected with the reaction wall (1).

4. The angle iron cross diagonal member stable bearing capacity test device according to claim 1, wherein the upright column (7) further comprises two auxiliary upright columns (71), contact points of the auxiliary upright columns (71) and the upright column (7) with the horizontal ground (22) form an isosceles triangle, the bottom of the isosceles triangle is parallel to the side face, opposite to the upright column (7), of the reaction wall (1), the top ends of the two auxiliary upright columns (71) located on the bottom side of the isosceles triangle are connected through a top end cross beam (20), and the top end of the upright column (7) located on the top point of the isosceles triangle is connected with the top end cross beam (20) through a cross beam (15).

5. The angle iron cross diagonal stable bearing capacity test device according to claim 4, wherein a ground fixing steel beam (18) is fixed at the bottom end of the upright column (7), and an inclined oblique supporting steel beam (19) is fixed between the ground fixing steel beam (18) and the upright column (7).

6. A test method of the angle steel cross inclined material stable bearing capacity test device based on claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps:

the method comprises the following steps: fixedly connecting each end of the angle steel cross diagonal member (8) with the first to fourth T-shaped supports (5), (13), (14) and (17) respectively;

step two: controlling a servo actuator (3) and a jack (11) to apply pressure to the angle steel cross inclined material (8), and obtaining a load numerical value when the two ends of the angle steel cross inclined material (8) bear the pressure through a sensor arranged in the servo actuator (3) and a load sensor (12) connected with the jack (11);

step three: when the load value of one of the built-in sensors in the servo actuator (3) or the load sensors (12) connected with the jack (11) in the step two cannot be kept stable and is in a descending trend, the test in the step two is stopped, and the first descending load value is the maximum pressure which can be borne by the angle steel cross inclined material (8);

step four: controlling a servo actuator (3) to apply tension to horizontal angle steel in the angle steel cross inclined material (8), controlling a jack (11) to apply pressure to vertical angle steel in the angle steel cross inclined material (8), and obtaining load values when one end of the angle steel cross inclined material (8) bears pressure and the other end bears tension through a sensor arranged in the servo actuator (3) and a load sensor (12) connected with the jack (11);

step five: when the load value of the load sensor (12) connected with the jack (11) in the fourth step cannot be kept stable and is in a descending trend, the test is terminated, the corresponding load value is recorded, and the first descending load value is the maximum pressure which can be borne by the angle steel crossed diagonal member (8).

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