CN106679700A - Simple and rapid anchoring method and apparatus of distributive sensing optical cable - Google Patents
Simple and rapid anchoring method and apparatus of distributive sensing optical cable Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
- G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
- G01D5/268—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light using optical fibres
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- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种分布式传感光缆的简易快速锚固方法及装置，所述大圆筒套于法兰盘内，两端固定空心圆台。大圆筒内设有弹簧，弹簧的两端固定金属夹片，金属夹片的另一端与小圆筒连接，法兰盘、大圆筒、弹簧、金属夹片和小圆筒共轴。法兰盘周边的圆孔中穿过松套型分布式传感光缆，以起到温度补偿和瞄准对中的作用。该光缆锚固装置通过弹簧的劲度系数控制弹力，紧套型分布式传感光缆截面上应力分布均匀，光缆安装牢固，而且体积小巧，制作简单，易于操作，安装迅速，成本低廉，光路微弯损耗小，锚固效果可靠，适用于不同尺寸、结构和包层材料的分布式传感光缆，可将其牢固地固定在混凝土、岩土体内部或者钢结构、混凝土结构的表面。
The invention discloses a simple and fast anchoring method and device for a distributed sensing optical cable. The large cylinder is sleeved in a flange plate, and hollow circular platforms are fixed at both ends. A spring is arranged in the large cylinder, metal clips are fixed at both ends of the spring, and the other end of the metal clip is connected with the small cylinder, and the flange, the large cylinder, the spring, the metal clip and the small cylinder are coaxial. The loose sleeve type distributed sensing optical cable is passed through the round hole around the flange to play the role of temperature compensation and aiming centering. The optical cable anchoring device controls the elastic force through the stiffness coefficient of the spring, and the stress distribution on the section of the tight-sleeve distributed sensing optical cable is uniform, the optical cable is installed firmly, and the volume is small, the manufacture is simple, easy to operate, the installation is fast, the cost is low, and the optical path is slightly curved. The loss is small, the anchoring effect is reliable, and it is suitable for distributed sensing optical cables of different sizes, structures and cladding materials. It can be firmly fixed in concrete, rock and soil, or on the surface of steel structures and concrete structures.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及光纤监测和布设工艺领域，具体涉及一种分布式传感光缆简易快速锚固方法及装置。The invention relates to the field of optical fiber monitoring and laying technology, in particular to a simple and fast anchoring method and device for a distributed sensing optical cable.
背景技术Background technique
光纤传感技术作为一种新型的传感技术，近几十年来发展十分迅速，具有灵敏度高、体积小巧、抗干扰性强、绝缘性好、耐腐蚀、性价比高、监测距离长、易于集成等优点。其中布里渊光时域反射技术(BOTDR)、布里渊光时域分析技术(BOTDA)、布里渊光频域分析技术(BOFDA)等分布式光纤传感技术将“传”和“感”合二为一，可测量光纤、光缆沿线所有位置的应变和温度等参数，近年来在军事、国防、能源、医疗、家电和土木工程等领域的应用越来越广，尤其在岩土工程、地质灾害监测预警中具有很大的发展潜力。目前，国内外已经出现了不少应用分布式传感光缆监测隧道变形、滑坡位移、管道受力、堤坝渗流、路基沉降、地面塌陷、基坑稳定性的工程实例。As a new type of sensing technology, optical fiber sensing technology has developed rapidly in recent decades, with high sensitivity, small size, strong anti-interference, good insulation, corrosion resistance, high cost performance, long monitoring distance, easy integration, etc. advantage. Among them, Brillouin Optical Time Domain Reflectometry (BOTDR), Brillouin Optical Time Domain Analysis (BOTDA), Brillouin Optical Frequency Domain Analysis (BOFDA) and other distributed optical fiber sensing technologies will "transmit" and "sense "Combined into one, it can measure parameters such as strain and temperature at all positions along the optical fiber and optical cable. In recent years, it has been widely used in military, national defense, energy, medical, home appliances and civil engineering fields, especially in geotechnical engineering. , Geological disaster monitoring and early warning has great potential for development. At present, there have been many engineering examples at home and abroad that use distributed sensing optical cables to monitor tunnel deformation, landslide displacement, pipeline stress, dam seepage, roadbed settlement, ground subsidence, and foundation pit stability.
近年来关于分布式传感光缆的研究逐渐增多，但主要还是集中在光纤传感精度、稳定性提高，新型光纤传感器的设计、组网，实测数据分析和挖掘，以及各种材料-光缆界面耦合性等方面，但很少涉及到分布式传感光缆锚固装置的设计和现场实施。由于传统分布式传感光缆表面十分光滑，若光缆表面无锚固装置固定，会使得监测点位三维坐标的控制变得异常困难，同时监测结果可靠性差，测试精度受到光缆和被测物体界面耦合性的极大影响。目前对于分布式传感光缆的锚固问题，国内外一直没有很好的解决方法。随着分布式光纤传感技术的工程应用越来越多，光缆锚固问题逐渐成为了一个限制光纤监测技术发展的瓶颈问题。In recent years, the research on distributed sensing optical cables has gradually increased, but it mainly focuses on the improvement of optical fiber sensing accuracy and stability, the design and networking of new optical fiber sensors, the analysis and mining of measured data, and the coupling of various materials-optical cable interfaces. performance, etc., but rarely involves the design and field implementation of distributed sensing optical cable anchorage devices. Because the surface of the traditional distributed sensing optical cable is very smooth, if there is no anchoring device on the surface of the optical cable, it will make it extremely difficult to control the three-dimensional coordinates of the monitoring point. great impact. At present, there has been no good solution to the anchoring problem of distributed sensing optical cables at home and abroad. With more and more engineering applications of distributed fiber optic sensing technology, the problem of fiber optic cable anchoring has gradually become a bottleneck problem that limits the development of fiber optic monitoring technology.
目前在工程现场，对于分布式传感光缆的固定，多采用环氧树脂等胶水黏贴，或者进行简单的物理锚固。胶水固定的方法操作起来较为复杂，且在实施时需等待胶水固化，影响施工进度，在安装标准化差、施工耗时、美观性等方面都有较大的局限性；另一方面，在长期监测过程中，胶水的性能又受温度、湿度、空气粉尘等环境因素的影响，存在固定不牢靠、变形耦合性差、耐久性差、容易老化脱落等诸多缺点。At present, at the engineering site, glue such as epoxy resin is often used to fix distributed sensing optical cables, or simple physical anchoring is carried out. The method of glue fixing is relatively complicated to operate, and it needs to wait for the glue to solidify during implementation, which affects the construction progress and has great limitations in terms of poor installation standardization, time-consuming construction, and aesthetics; on the other hand, in long-term monitoring During the process, the performance of the glue is affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and air dust. There are many shortcomings such as unreliable fixation, poor deformation coupling, poor durability, and easy aging and falling off.
简单的物理锚固一般利用铁丝绑扎，或者螺丝、螺帽和刚性夹片固定等，前者存在锚固方法简陋、光缆容易滑脱的缺陷，后者有施工步骤多，特制夹片结构复杂，造价昂贵，无法控制夹持力大小等缺点。还有一个重要的问题是，简单的物理锚固既不能完全满足锚固强度的要求，又会对光缆结构产生潜在的物理损伤，光路上容易发生较大的微弯损耗，降低光纤监测数据的准确性，严重时会无法获取监测读数。所以，急需研发一种结构简单，固定牢靠，锚固快速，价格低廉，适用范围广，对光缆无物理损伤的新型分布式传感光缆锚固方法及其装置，在不影响现场施工进度和监测效果的条件下，实现光缆在监测现场的快速锚固和埋设固定。Simple physical anchoring generally uses iron wire binding, or screws, nuts, and rigid clips to fix, etc. The former has the disadvantages of simple anchoring methods and easy slippage of optical cables, while the latter has many construction steps, and the special clip structure is complex and expensive. Control the size of the clamping force and other shortcomings. Another important problem is that simple physical anchoring can neither fully meet the anchoring strength requirements, but also cause potential physical damage to the optical cable structure, and large microbending losses are prone to occur on the optical path, reducing the accuracy of optical fiber monitoring data. , in severe cases, monitoring readings cannot be obtained. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a new distributed sensing optical cable anchoring method and device that has simple structure, firm fixation, fast anchoring, low price, wide application range, and no physical damage to the optical cable. Under certain conditions, the rapid anchoring and embedding of optical cables at the monitoring site can be realized.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对现有技术存在的缺点，提供一种分布式传感光缆简易快速锚固方法及装置，具有制作简单、锚固牢靠、美观、操作简便、省时省力、易于控制夹持力、对光缆无损伤、光路微弯损耗小等特点。该锚固方法及装置适用于不同尺寸、结构和包层材料的分布式传感光缆，可将其牢固地固定在混凝土、岩土体的内部或者钢结构、混凝土结构的表面。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a simple and fast anchoring method and device for distributed sensing optical cables in view of the shortcomings of the prior art, which has the advantages of simple manufacture, reliable anchoring, beautiful appearance, easy operation, time-saving and labor-saving, and easy control of clamping force. It has the characteristics of no damage to the optical cable and small microbending loss of the optical path. The anchoring method and device are suitable for distributed sensing optical cables of different sizes, structures and cladding materials, and can be firmly fixed on the inside of concrete and rock soil bodies or on the surface of steel structures and concrete structures.
本发明提供的一种分布式传感光缆的简易快速锚固装置，包括法兰盘、大圆筒、小圆筒、空心圆台、金属夹片、弹簧，所述大圆筒套于法兰盘内，两端固定空心圆台，大圆筒内设有弹簧，弹簧的两端设有金属夹片，金属夹片的另一端与小圆筒连接，法兰盘、大圆筒、弹簧、金属夹片和小圆筒共轴；光缆安装夹可拆卸连接在两端的小圆筒上；所述的金属夹片在弹簧压缩状态下为张开状态，弹簧伸展状态下为闭合状态。A simple and fast anchoring device for a distributed sensing optical cable provided by the present invention includes a flange, a large cylinder, a small cylinder, a hollow round platform, a metal clip, and a spring. The large cylinder is set in the flange, and the two The hollow round table is fixed at one end, and there is a spring in the large cylinder, and a metal clip is provided at both ends of the spring, and the other end of the metal clip is connected with the small cylinder, and the flange, the large cylinder, the spring, the metal clip and the small cylinder Coaxial; the optical cable installation clip is detachably connected to the small cylinders at both ends; the metal clip is in an open state when the spring is compressed, and is closed when the spring is stretched.
所述法兰盘周边的圆孔穿入一根用于温度补偿和瞄准对中的松套型分布式传感光缆。A loose-tube distributed sensing optical cable used for temperature compensation and aiming alignment is passed through a round hole around the flange.
所述的金属夹片的张开和闭合通过光缆安装夹来控制，当光缆安装夹将锚固装置两端的小圆筒压入大圆筒中，则弹簧压紧，金属夹片相互分开，呈张开状态，此时将待锚固的紧套型分布式传感光缆轴向插入锚固装置中；当松开光缆安装夹时，金属夹片在弹簧力的作用下弹回，金属夹片呈闭合状态，使得紧套型分布式传感光缆被夹紧。The opening and closing of the metal clips are controlled by the optical cable installation clips. When the optical cable installation clips press the small cylinders at both ends of the anchoring device into the large cylinders, the springs are pressed tightly, and the metal clips are separated from each other and are in an open state. , at this time insert the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable to be anchored into the anchoring device axially; The tight-buried distributed sensing optical cable is clamped.
所述金属夹片至少设有三瓣，夹片能够开合实现自锁功能。The metal clip is provided with at least three petals, and the clip can be opened and closed to realize the self-locking function.
所述金属夹片表面设有橡胶垫片。Rubber pads are provided on the surface of the metal clip.
所述简易快速锚固装置根据监测要求，直接固定在安装底座上，安装底座与被测结构体的表面固定连接；或者直埋于被测混凝土或岩土体的内部。According to monitoring requirements, the simple and fast anchoring device is directly fixed on the installation base, and the installation base is fixedly connected with the surface of the structure to be tested; or directly buried inside the concrete or rock and soil body to be tested.
基于所述的分布式传感光缆的简易快速锚固装置的锚固方法，先用光缆安装夹将简易快速锚固装置两端的小圆筒压入大圆筒中，使得弹簧压紧，金属夹片相互分开，此时将待锚固的紧套型分布式传感光缆沿轴向插入简易快速锚固装置中；然后松开光缆安装夹，金属夹片在弹簧力的作用下弹回，使得紧套型分布式传感光缆被夹紧；再将松套型分布式传感光缆穿入法兰盘上的圆孔中；重复以上方法，将简易快速锚固装置按照一定的间距安装在待锚固的分布式传感光缆上，再将分布式传感光缆通过安装底座固定在被测结构体的表面，或者直埋于被测混凝土或岩土体的内部，松套型和紧套型分布式传感光缆与光纤解调仪连接，进行监测读数。Based on the anchoring method of the simple and fast anchoring device of the distributed sensing optical cable, the small cylinders at both ends of the simple and fast anchoring device are first pressed into the large cylinder with the cable installation clip, so that the spring is compressed and the metal clips are separated from each other. Insert the tight-sleeve distributed sensing optical cable to be anchored into the simple and fast anchoring device in the axial direction; then loosen the cable installation clip, and the metal clip springs back under the action of the spring force, so that the tight-sleeved distributed sensing The optical cable is clamped; then insert the loose-type distributed sensing optical cable into the round hole on the flange; repeat the above method, and install the simple and fast anchoring device on the distributed sensing optical cable to be anchored according to a certain distance , and then fix the distributed sensing optical cable on the surface of the measured structure through the installation base, or directly bury it in the interior of the measured concrete or rock and soil body, and the loose-buffered and tight-buried distributed sensing optical cables are demodulated with optical fibers Meter connection for monitoring readings.
有益效果：Beneficial effect:
本发明经过以上的改进，可实现便捷、高效的分布式传感光缆锚固，极大地提高了施工效率，同时又能实现温度补偿，起到校准对中的作用，填补了光纤传感技术领域中分布式传感光缆锚固方式的空白。特制的光缆安装夹根据锚固装置的自身结构特制而成，使得紧套型分布式传感光缆能轻易地穿过锚固装置。所述金属夹片表面设有橡胶垫片，可以避免光缆与金属夹片的硬接触，减小光缆在锚固时产生的应力集中，同时光缆受到的弹性力大小可通过弹簧的劲度系数控制，且在光缆截面上应力分布均匀，光缆安装牢固，而且微弯损耗小。本发明克服了以往分布式传感光缆锚固方式的众多缺点，同时又兼具众多其它功能，方便实用，具有广阔的市场推广和应用价值。Through the above improvements, the present invention can realize convenient and efficient anchoring of distributed sensing optical cables, greatly improve the construction efficiency, and at the same time realize temperature compensation, play the role of calibration and alignment, and fill the gap in the field of optical fiber sensing technology. The blank of the anchoring method of the distributed sensing optical cable. The special optical cable installation clip is specially made according to the structure of the anchoring device, so that the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable can easily pass through the anchoring device. The surface of the metal clip is provided with a rubber gasket, which can avoid the hard contact between the optical cable and the metal clip, and reduce the stress concentration of the optical cable when it is anchored. At the same time, the elastic force on the optical cable can be controlled by the stiffness coefficient of the spring. Moreover, the stress distribution on the cross-section of the optical cable is even, the installation of the optical cable is firm, and the microbending loss is small. The invention overcomes many shortcomings of the previous distributed sensing optical cable anchoring method, and simultaneously has many other functions, is convenient and practical, and has broad market promotion and application value.
根据胡可定律F＝kx和光纤光缆本身性质，通过调整弹簧的劲度系数来控制光缆夹持力的大小，使得不同尺寸、结构和包层材料的紧套型分布式传感光缆表面所受夹持力能任意调整，达到最佳的锚固效果。According to Hu Ke's law F=kx and the nature of the optical fiber cable itself, the clamping force of the optical cable is controlled by adjusting the stiffness coefficient of the spring, so that the clamping force on the surface of the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable with different sizes, structures and cladding materials The holding force can be adjusted arbitrarily to achieve the best anchoring effect.
锚固装置上的法兰盘厚度和直径可以根据现场监测的实际需要来进行设计，以满足一定的锚固承载力，保证光缆和被测物体之间不会滑脱。锚固装置的间距也根据监测需要来确定。The thickness and diameter of the flange on the anchoring device can be designed according to the actual needs of on-site monitoring to meet a certain anchoring bearing capacity and ensure that the optical cable and the measured object will not slip. The spacing of anchoring devices is also determined according to monitoring needs.
安装底座可以根据测量结构的不同而选取不同的形状,可以实现黏接、焊接、螺栓连接等不同的安装方式。The installation base can choose different shapes according to the different measurement structures, and can realize different installation methods such as bonding, welding, and bolting.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本发明的锚固装置实施的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the implementation of the anchoring device of the present invention.
图2为本发明的锚固装置处于张开和闭合两种状态示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the anchoring device of the present invention in two states of opening and closing.
图3为本发明锚固安装在被测结构体表面的示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the present invention being anchored and installed on the surface of the structure to be tested.
图4为本发明锚固埋设在被测混凝土或岩土体内部的示意图。Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the anchorage of the present invention buried inside the measured concrete or rock and soil mass.
法兰盘1、大圆筒2、小圆筒3、空心圆台4、金属夹片5、弹簧6，紧套型分布式传感光缆7，松套型分布式传感光缆8，光缆安装夹9，锚固装置10，安装底座11，被测结构体12，光纤解调仪13，被测混凝土或岩土体14。Flange 1, Large cylinder 2, Small cylinder 3, Hollow round table 4, Metal clip 5, Spring 6, Tight sleeve type distributed sensing optical cable 7, Loose sleeve type distributed sensing optical cable 8, Optical cable installation clamp 9 , an anchoring device 10 , an installation base 11 , a measured structure 12 , an optical fiber demodulator 13 , and a measured concrete or rock-soil body 14 .
具体实施方式detailed description
分布式传感光缆简易快速锚固方法及装置，包括法兰盘、大圆筒、小圆筒、空心圆台、金属夹片、弹簧。所述法兰盘和大圆筒相互焊接，两端固定空心圆台。大圆筒内设有弹簧，弹簧的两端固定金属夹片，金属夹片的另一端与小圆筒连接。金属夹片为扁平长条状，至少设有三瓣，夹片能够开合实现自锁功能。在金属片表面附有一层橡胶垫片，使得锚固光纤或光缆时不会产生应力集中，以防止分布式传感光缆结构损伤，或者光路损耗过大。法兰盘、大圆筒、弹簧、金属夹片和小圆筒共轴；光缆安装夹可拆卸连接在两端的小圆筒上。A simple and fast anchoring method and device for a distributed sensing optical cable, including a flange, a large cylinder, a small cylinder, a hollow round platform, a metal clip, and a spring. The flange plate and the large cylinder are welded to each other, and the hollow round platform is fixed at both ends. A spring is arranged in the large cylinder, metal clips are fixed at both ends of the spring, and the other end of the metal clip is connected with the small cylinder. The metal clip is flat and long, and has at least three petals. The clip can be opened and closed to realize the self-locking function. A layer of rubber gasket is attached to the surface of the metal sheet, so that there will be no stress concentration when anchoring the optical fiber or optical cable, so as to prevent the structure damage of the distributed sensing optical cable, or the optical path loss is too large. The flange, the large cylinder, the spring, the metal clip and the small cylinder are coaxial; the optical cable installation clips are detachably connected to the small cylinders at both ends.
法兰盘周边的圆孔可穿入一根松套型分布式传感光缆，一方面起到温度补偿的作用，另一方面将其拉直能发挥对中作用，提高光缆安装的准确度。当用光缆安装夹将锚固装置两端的小圆筒压入大圆筒中，使得弹簧压紧，金属夹片相互分开，此时可将光缆沿轴向插入锚固装置中；当松开光缆安装夹时，金属夹片会在弹簧力的作用下弹回，使得光缆被夹紧，以此来达到锚固光缆的作用。所述金属夹片5表面设有橡胶垫片，可以避免光缆与金属夹片的硬接触，减小光缆在锚固时产生的应力集中，同时光缆受到的弹性力大小可通过弹簧的劲度系数控制，且在截面上分布均匀，光缆安装牢固，而且微弯损耗小。The round holes around the flange can be inserted into a loose-type distributed sensing optical cable. On the one hand, it plays the role of temperature compensation. On the other hand, straightening it can play a centering role and improve the accuracy of optical cable installation. When the small cylinders at both ends of the anchoring device are pressed into the large cylinder with the cable installation clip, the spring is pressed tightly and the metal clips are separated from each other. At this time, the optical cable can be inserted into the anchor device in the axial direction; when the cable installation clip is loosened, The metal clip will spring back under the action of the spring force, so that the optical cable is clamped, so as to achieve the effect of anchoring the optical cable. The surface of the metal clip 5 is provided with a rubber gasket, which can avoid the hard contact between the optical cable and the metal clip, and reduce the stress concentration generated when the optical cable is anchored. At the same time, the elastic force on the optical cable can be controlled by the stiffness coefficient of the spring. , and evenly distributed on the cross-section, the optical cable is firmly installed, and the microbending loss is small.
当需将分布式传感光缆埋入混凝土或岩土体中进行变形监测时，将锚固装置按照一定的间距安装在分布式应变传感光纤或光缆上，以保证光纤或光缆与周围介质的变形耦合。When the distributed sensing optical cable needs to be buried in concrete or rock and soil for deformation monitoring, the anchoring device should be installed on the distributed strain sensing optical fiber or optical cable at a certain distance to ensure the deformation of the optical fiber or optical cable and the surrounding medium coupling.
当需将分布式应变传感光纤或光缆安装在混凝土结构或钢结构表面上进行变形监测时，将光纤光缆锚固装置按照一定的间距(l1、l2、l3……、ln)安装在分布式应变传感光纤或光缆上，再通过安装底座与被监测结构物固定。When the distributed strain sensing optical fiber or optical cable needs to be installed on the surface of the concrete structure or steel structure for deformation monitoring, the optical fiber cable anchoring device should be installed at a certain distance (l 1 , l 2 , l 3 ..., l n ) On the distributed strain sensing optical fiber or optical cable, it is fixed with the monitored structure through the installation base.
根据胡可定律F＝kx和光纤本身性质，通过调整弹簧的劲度系数来控制光缆夹持力的大小，使得不同尺寸、结构和包层材料的紧套型分布式传感光缆表面所受夹持力能任意调整，达到最佳的锚固效果。According to Hooke's law F=kx and the properties of the optical fiber itself, the clamping force of the optical cable is controlled by adjusting the stiffness coefficient of the spring, so that the clamping force on the surface of the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable with different sizes, structures and cladding materials The force can be adjusted arbitrarily to achieve the best anchoring effect.
实施例：Example:
如图1和图2所示，本发明结构包括：法兰盘1、大圆筒2、小圆筒3、空心圆台4、金属夹片5、弹簧6。主体结构包括法兰盘和大圆筒相互焊接，两端固定空心圆台。大圆筒内设有弹簧，弹簧的两端固定金属夹片，金属夹片的另一端与小圆筒连接。金属夹片为扁平长条状，并在金属片表面附有一层橡胶垫片，使得锚固光纤或光缆时不会产生应力集中。法兰盘、大圆筒、弹簧、金属夹片和小圆筒共轴；光缆安装夹可拆卸连接在两端的小圆筒上。As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , the structure of the present invention includes: a flange 1 , a large cylinder 2 , a small cylinder 3 , a hollow circular platform 4 , a metal clip 5 , and a spring 6 . The main structure includes a flange plate and a large cylinder welded to each other, and a hollow round table is fixed at both ends. A spring is arranged in the large cylinder, metal clips are fixed at both ends of the spring, and the other end of the metal clip is connected with the small cylinder. The metal clip is flat and long, and a layer of rubber gasket is attached on the surface of the metal sheet, so that there will be no stress concentration when anchoring the optical fiber or cable. The flange, the large cylinder, the spring, the metal clip and the small cylinder are coaxial; the optical cable installation clips are detachably connected to the small cylinders at both ends.
当用光缆安装夹将锚固装置两端的小圆筒压入大圆筒中，使得弹簧压紧，金属夹片相互分开，此时可将紧套型分布式传感光缆沿轴向插入锚固装置中；当松开光缆安装夹时，金属夹片会在弹簧力的作用下弹回，使得紧套型分布式传感光缆被夹紧。When the small cylinders at both ends of the anchoring device are pressed into the large cylinder with the cable installation clip, the spring is pressed tightly and the metal clips are separated from each other. At this time, the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable can be inserted into the anchoring device along the axial direction; when When the optical cable installation clamp is released, the metal clip will spring back under the action of the spring force, so that the tight sleeve type distributed sensing optical cable is clamped.
图3将光缆7和8通过本发明的锚固装置10固定在安装底座11上，安装底座11固定在被测结构体12的表面，再将光缆7和8连接到光纤解调仪13上，即可进行监测读数。图4将锚固装置10按照一定的间距埋设于岩土体14的内部，最后将光缆7和8连接到光纤解调仪13上进行读数。两种光缆布置方式都能显著增强光缆与被测物体之间的变形耦合性，提高分布式传感光缆的监测精度。Fig. 3 fixes the optical cables 7 and 8 on the installation base 11 through the anchoring device 10 of the present invention, the installation base 11 is fixed on the surface of the measured structure 12, and then the optical cables 7 and 8 are connected to the optical fiber demodulator 13, namely Monitoring readings are available. As shown in FIG. 4 , the anchoring devices 10 are buried inside the rock and soil mass 14 at a certain interval, and finally the optical cables 7 and 8 are connected to the optical fiber interrogator 13 for reading. The two optical cable layout methods can significantly enhance the deformation coupling between the optical cable and the measured object, and improve the monitoring accuracy of the distributed sensing optical cable.
根据胡可定律F＝kx和光纤本身性质，通过调整弹簧的劲度系数来控制光缆夹持力的大小，使得不同尺寸、结构和包层材料的紧套型分布式传感光缆表面所受夹持力能任意调整，达到最佳的锚固效果。According to Hooke's law F=kx and the properties of the optical fiber itself, the clamping force of the optical cable is controlled by adjusting the stiffness coefficient of the spring, so that the clamping force on the surface of the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable with different sizes, structures and cladding materials The force can be adjusted arbitrarily to achieve the best anchoring effect.
光缆的锚固间距(l1、l2、l3……、ln)根据实际要求进行设计，当选取最优锚固间距后，在光缆上做好标记。然后使用光缆安装夹将锚固装置松开，使得紧套式分布式传感光缆得以顺利穿过。当锚固装置到达设计锚固位置时，使得锚固装置闭合，便可达到最佳的锚固效果。然后，将松套式分布式传感光缆穿过法兰盘上的圆孔。下一步再使用光缆安装夹将下一个锚固装置和光缆连接。以此类推，按顺序使得所有锚固装置到达设计锚固位置即可完成整根光缆的锚固。The anchoring distances (l 1 , l 2 , l 3 ..., l n ) of the optical cables are designed according to actual requirements. After selecting the optimal anchoring distances, mark them on the optical cables. Then use the optical cable installation clip to loosen the anchoring device, so that the tight-sleeved distributed sensing optical cable can pass through smoothly. When the anchoring device reaches the designed anchoring position, the anchoring device is closed to achieve the best anchoring effect. Then, pass the loose-tube distributed sensing optical cable through the round hole on the flange. In the next step, use the optical cable installation clip to connect the next anchoring device to the optical cable. By analogy, the anchoring of the entire optical cable can be completed by making all the anchoring devices reach the designed anchoring positions in sequence.
锚固装置上的法兰盘厚度和直径可以根据现场监测的实际需要来进行设计，以满足一定的锚固承载力，保证光缆和被测物体之间不会滑脱。锚固装置的间距也根据监测需要来确定。The thickness and diameter of the flange on the anchoring device can be designed according to the actual needs of on-site monitoring to meet a certain anchoring bearing capacity and ensure that the optical cable and the measured object will not slip. The spacing of anchoring devices is also determined according to monitoring needs.
除上述实施例外，本发明还可以有其他实施方式。凡采用等同替换或等效变换形成的技术方案，均落在本发明要求的保护范围。In addition to the above-mentioned embodiments, the present invention can also have other implementations. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.
Claims (7)
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