CN106679416A - Commercial efficient high-speed-combustion infrared pressure casting crucible aluminum smelting furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a commercial high-efficiency and high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace, which comprises a shell, an upper cover, a crucible, a base, and a high-speed rotary fire combustion head. The high-speed rotary fire combustion head is fixed on the base, the crucible is set in the upper casing of the high-speed rotary fire combustion head, and the upper cover covers the crucible. The high-speed rotary fire combustion head is provided with a combustion chamber, and the high-speed rotary fire combustion head is provided with an input fire channel and several rotary flame nozzles, and the input fire channel and the rotary flame nozzles are respectively connected with the combustion chamber. The commercial high-efficiency and high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention has reasonable overall design, good heat preservation effect, long crucible life, high heating efficiency, and can make full use of the waste heat of flue gas. The combustion heat efficiency in actual use is as high as 78.2-86%. , the thermal efficiency of combustion is very high.

Description

Commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of aluminum melting furnaces, and relates to a commercial high-efficiency and high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace.

Background technique

Aluminum melting furnace is the main energy-consuming equipment. Due to the backward technology in our country, most enterprises still adopt the traditional and backward production process. The energy consumption is generally around 107kg standard coal/t aluminum, and generally lower than 78.65kg standard coal/t aluminum in foreign countries. The actual heat required to melt 1t of aluminum ingot (850°C) is 327.2kw.h/t (281,000 kcal/t=40.2kg standard coal/t), and the combustion thermal efficiency of domestic medium melting aluminum furnace is only about 37.6%. 51% or more. Domestic centralized melting furnaces are 54.5% to 81.8% higher. Therefore, there is still a lot of room for energy-saving potential and technology research and development of domestic aluminum melting furnaces.

The flue gas temperature of domestic aluminum melting furnaces can reach more than 1,000 degrees. In order to reduce the heat loss taken away by the flue gas, the early aluminum melting furnaces installed heat recovery devices on the exhaust pipes to preheat the combustion-supporting air, but the temperature of the exhaust flue gas remained the same. Above 500 degrees. Over the years, there has been no good solution to the waste heat of high-temperature flue gas, resulting in a great waste of energy.

Die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace and die-casting machine are configured one-to-one. Due to the narrow production workshop, most aluminum melting furnaces are designed with simple structure, small and exquisite, and ordinary burners are used. Therefore, there are common problems such as unreasonable combustion heat transfer mode, low combustion efficiency, simple heat preservation structure, and serious heat loss. The energy consumption is generally above 75kg diesel oil/t aluminum, and the combustion thermal efficiency is less than 36%.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace with reasonable structure and high combustion efficiency.

In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace, including a shell, an upper cover, a crucible, a base, a high-speed rotary fire combustion head, and the high-speed rotary fire The combustion head is fixed on the base, the crucible is arranged in the shell on the high-speed rotary fire combustion head, the upper cover covers the crucible, and the high-speed rotary fire combustion head is provided with a combustion chamber , The high-speed rotary fire combustion head is provided with an input fire channel and several rotary flame nozzles, and the input fire channel and rotary flame nozzles are respectively connected to the combustion chamber.

Further, the cross-section of the combustion chamber is circular, the center line of the combustion chamber is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the high-speed rotary fire combustion head is provided with six to eight rotating nozzles along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber. burner.

Further, the cross-section of the input fire channel is circular with a diameter of 120mm and an elevation angle of 7° to 15°.

Further, an ascending ramp is provided in the combustion chamber of the high-speed rotary fire combustion head.

Further, refractory castables, lightweight refractory bricks, and ceramic fiber felts are sequentially arranged between the shell and the crucible, and a front flue is formed between the crucible and the refractory castables, and the inside of the shell A rear flue is also provided, and a rotatable chimney is arranged on the casing, one end of the front flue is connected to the combustion chamber, and the other end is connected to one end of the rear flue, and the rear flue The other end of the channel is connected with the chimney.

Further, the side of the refractory castable close to the crucible is coated with infrared paint.

Further, an aluminized water sump is also provided inside the shell.

Beneficial effects of the present invention: the commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention has a reasonable overall design and good heat preservation effect. When working, the high-speed rotating flame ejected from the high-speed rotating fire combustion head is "wrapped" and "scoured". "The bottom of the crucible conducts efficient convective heat transfer to realize rapid and uniform heating of the crucible. The flue gas generated during heating enters the front flue and continues to evenly "wrap" the outer surface of the crucible to rotate and rise, and continues to reheat the crucible. The inner wall of the lining refractory castable is coated with infrared coating, which can greatly increase the energy of infrared radiation, and the flue gas discharged from the chimney continues to heat the cold aluminum ingot to make full use of the waste heat. Therefore, the commercial high-efficiency and high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention has high heating efficiency and fully utilizes the waste heat of flue gas. In actual use, the combustion thermal efficiency is as high as 78.2-86%, and the combustion thermal efficiency is very high.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view of the high-speed rotating flame combustion head.

Explanation of reference signs:

Upper cover 1, shell 2, crucible 3, triangular support plate 4, connecting flange 5, base 6, high-speed rotary fire burner 7, aluminized water sump 8, lightweight refractory brick 9, refractory castable 10, ceramics Fiber felt 11, front flue 12, rear flue 13, chimney 14;

Combustion chamber 71, input fire channel 72, rotating flame nozzle 73.

detailed description

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

As shown in FIG. 1 , a commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of this embodiment includes a casing 2 , an upper cover 1 , a crucible 3 , a base 6 , and a high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7 . The base 6 is welded by channel steel, and the installation is very convenient. The shell 2 is fixed on the base 6 through the triangular support plate 4 . The high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7 is fixed on the base 6, and the high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7 is processed with a combustion chamber 71 with a circular cross section. The center line of the combustion chamber 71 is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and an ascending ramp is processed in the combustion chamber 71. Referring to Fig. 2, eight rotating flame nozzles 73 are processed on the high-speed rotating fire combustion head 7 along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber 71, and the rotating flame nozzles 73 are connected with the combustion chamber 71. The high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7 is also processed with an input fire channel 72 connected with the combustion chamber 71. The cross section of the input fire channel 72 is circular, with a diameter of 120mm and an elevation angle of 7° to 15°. A connection flange 5 is fixed at one end of the burner, and the fire outlet of the burner is connected with the connection flange 5, and the flame is input to the combustion chamber 71 through the input fire channel 72. The crucible 3 is designed as a graphite crucible, and the crucible 3 is located in the upper casing 2 of the high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7, and the upper cover 1 covers the crucible 3. Between the shell and the crucible 3, refractory castable 10, lightweight refractory brick 9, and ceramic fiber felt 11 are sequentially arranged, and the refractory castable 10, lightweight refractory brick 9, and ceramic fiber felt 11 form an insulation layer, wherein the ceramic fiber The thickness of the felt 11 is greater than 20 mm, and the surface temperature of the furnace body is less than 50° C. due to the insulation layer. A front flue 12 with a width of 30 to 50 mm is formed between the crucible 3 and the refractory castable 10. The rear flue 13 is processed on the refractory castable 10 and the lightweight refractory brick 9 in the shell 2, and the top of the shell 2 is installed with a Rotating chimney 14, the lower end of front flue 12 is connected with combustion chamber 71, the upper end of front flue 12 is connected with the lower end of rear flue 13, and the upper end of rear flue 13 is connected with chimney 14. Since the chimney 14 is rotatable, the chimney 14 is rotated so that the outlet of the chimney 14 is aligned with the cold aluminum ingot in the crucible 3, so that the residual heat of the flue gas at about 500 degrees is sprayed onto the newly added cold aluminum ingot, and the total convective heat transfer efficiency is further improved. heat. In an optimal design, the side of the refractory castable 10 close to the crucible 3 is coated with infrared coating, which can greatly increase the energy of infrared radiation. In a preferred design, an aluminized water sump 8 is formed between the high-speed rotating fire combustion head 7 and the refractory castable 10 in the shell 2, which is used to collect the oozing aluminum water.

The working principle of the commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention: the flame of the short-flame combustion head or the burner is tangentially injected into the combustion chamber 71 of the high-speed rotary fire combustion head 7 through the input fire channel 5, and is formed by high-speed rotation. High-speed combustion, the furnace temperature of the combustion chamber 71 quickly rises to above 1300 degrees, rapidly "scours" the bottom of the crucible 3 for efficient convective heat transfer, and at the same time, the hot combustion chamber 71 radiates infrared rays to the bottom of the crucible 3, and the high-heat rotating flame flows from The eight rotating flame nozzles 73 on the furnace rapidly rotate and spray out, and always keep the rapidly rotating flame "wrapping" the bottom of the crucible 3 for heating, and the flue gas generated during heating enters the front flue 12 and continues to evenly "wrap" the outside of the crucible 3 The surface rotates and rises, and finally goes out from the rear flue 13.

The advantages of the commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention are as follows:

1. It adopts a low-table, large-volume graphite crucible suitable for the manipulator of a 350-400T aluminum casting machine, and the overall channel steel bracket structure is easy to install and use;

2. Optimize the furnace lining structure and furnace building materials. The insulation layer adopts: the inner lining is prefabricated with refractory castables, the middle layer uses lightweight refractory bricks, and the outer layer is larger than 20mm ceramic fiber felt, so that the surface temperature of the furnace body is less than 50 °C;

3. Efficient heating method. The flame ejected from the high-speed rotating combustion head is "wrapped" and "washes" the bottom of the crucible, heating the crucible quickly and evenly;

4. Adopt gap flue and infrared radiation coating. The front flue with a narrow gap of 30-50mm forces the high-temperature flue gas to be close to the crucible, which is beneficial to improve the convective heat transfer effect. Infrared coating is applied to the inner wall of the lining refractory castable, which can greatly increase the infrared radiation energy;

5. Reuse of flue gas waste heat. Spray the waste heat of the flue gas at about 500 degrees to the newly added cold aluminum ingot, realize the use of the waste heat of the flue gas to heat the cold aluminum ingot, and further increase the total convective heat transfer heat;

6. Extend the service life of the crucible. Because the bottom of the crucible is evenly heated, it not only improves the heating efficiency, but also eliminates the common problem of "short life" of the crucible for 6 to 8 months, and doubles the life of the crucible. In practical applications, the life of the crucible can completely exceed 1.5 years;

7. Using the self-developed high-speed short-flame combustion head, the combustion efficiency can be increased by more than 3%. Commercial oil, gas, methanol burners can also be used.

In summary, the commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace of the present invention has high combustion efficiency and short heating time. On the premise of reducing the heating time by about 50%, the power of the burner is reduced, and the smoke at the flue outlet is reduced. The gas temperature further improves the combustion efficiency. The measured combustion thermal efficiency is as high as 78.2-86%, which is far ahead of the indicators of similar domestic products.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included in the scope of the present invention. within the scope of protection.

Claims (7)

1. A commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace, comprising a shell (2), a loam cake (1), a crucible (3), a base (6), a high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7), the The high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7) is fixed on the base (6), the crucible (3) is arranged in the shell (2) on the high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7), and the upper cover (1) Cover the crucible (3), characterized in that the high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7) is provided with a combustion chamber (71), and the high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7) is provided with an input fire Road (72) and several rotating flame nozzles (73), the input fire channel (72) and rotating flame nozzles (73) are connected with the combustion chamber (71) respectively. 2. A commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the combustion chamber (71) is circular, and the center of the combustion chamber (71) The line is perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and six to eight rotating flame nozzles (73) are arranged on the high-speed rotating fire combustion head (7) along the circumferential direction of the combustion chamber (71). 3. A kind of commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, the cross-section of the input fire path (72) is circular, its diameter is 120mm, and the elevation angle is 7° to 15°. 4. A commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, the combustion chamber (71) on the high-speed rotary fire combustion head (7) is provided with Ascent ramp. 5. A commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that refractory castables (10 ), lightweight refractory bricks (9), ceramic fiber felts (11), a front flue (12) is formed between the crucible (3) and the refractory castable (10), and a There is a rear flue (13), the shell (2) is provided with a rotatable chimney (14), one end of the front flue (12) is connected to the combustion chamber (71), and the other end is connected to the combustion chamber (71). One end of the rear flue (13) is connected, and the other end of the rear flue (13) is connected with the chimney (14). 6. A commercial high-efficiency high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 5, characterized in that, the side of the refractory castable (10) close to the crucible (3) is coated with an infrared coating . 7. A commercial high-efficiency and high-speed combustion infrared die-casting crucible aluminum melting furnace according to claim 1, characterized in that, an aluminized water collection tank (8) is also provided in the outer casing (2).