CN106679027B - Evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and parameter determination method thereof - Google Patents

Evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and parameter determination method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106679027B
CN106679027B CN201710140046.7A CN201710140046A CN106679027B CN 106679027 B CN106679027 B CN 106679027B CN 201710140046 A CN201710140046 A CN 201710140046A CN 106679027 B CN106679027 B CN 106679027B
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ventilation
channel
evaporative cooling
plate
wet
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CN106679027A (en
Inventor
郝小礼
张开通
黄敏华
郭晨星
代圣军
杨柯
邢庆伟
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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Hunan University of Science and Technology
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0007Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning
    • F24F5/0035Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater cooling apparatus specially adapted for use in air-conditioning using evaporation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/30Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F13/00Details common to, or for air-conditioning, air-humidification, ventilation or use of air currents for screening
    • F24F13/30Arrangement or mounting of heat-exchangers
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F2110/00Control inputs relating to air properties
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24FAIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F11/00Control or safety arrangements
    • F24F11/70Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof
    • F24F11/80Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air
    • F24F11/83Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers
    • F24F11/84Control systems characterised by their outputs; Constructional details thereof for controlling the temperature of the supplied air by controlling the supply of heat-exchange fluids to heat-exchangers using valves
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02BCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B30/00Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
    • Y02B30/70Efficient control or regulation technologies, e.g. for control of refrigerant flow, motor or heating

Abstract

The invention discloses an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and a parameter determination method thereof, wherein the evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device comprises an evaporative cooling device and an exhaust pipeline; the evaporative cooling device is of a hollow cuboid structure, and a group of side walls opposite to the evaporative cooling device respectively adopt a heat insulation plate and a heat conduction plate; a metal plate is arranged in the evaporative cooling device in parallel to the heat insulation plate, and the hollow cuboid structure is divided into two communicated ventilation dry channels and ventilation wet channels; the inlet of the ventilation and drying channel is communicated with the air-conditioning room, the outlet of the ventilation and wet channel is connected with the exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected with the outside; the inner surfaces of the metal plate and the heat conducting plate in the ventilation wet channel are respectively covered with a pure cotton fiber layer, a plurality of porous hoses are embedded in the pure cotton fiber layer, and the porous hoses are connected with the water storage tank. The invention utilizes the evaporative cooling technology to process indoor exhaust air, thereby achieving the effect of radiation cooling; the comfort of the room is better; the comfort and the air quality of the air-conditioned room are ensured.

Description

Evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and parameter determination method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of ventilation and heat exchange devices, and particularly relates to an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and a parameter determination method thereof.
Background
Thermal comfort and air quality are the two most important factors for people in the room. People in modern society spend most of their time indoors, achieving better thermal comfort and higher air quality results in more air conditioning energy consumption, and therefore, it is very essential to select a reasonable refrigeration and ventilation system. The replacement ventilation is widely applied to office buildings as a high-efficiency ventilation mode capable of providing fresh air for the indoor space, and the evaporative cooling air conditioning technology has the characteristics of high efficiency and energy conservation and is also widely applied to buildings. The combination of evaporative cooling technology and replacement ventilation not only meets the indoor thermal comfort and air quality, but also reduces the building energy consumption.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device which is simple in structure and low in cost and can process indoor exhaust air by using an evaporative cooling technology to achieve the effect of radiation cooling and a parameter determination method thereof.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device comprises an evaporative cooling device and an exhaust pipeline; the evaporative cooling device is of a hollow cuboid structure, one side wall of the evaporative cooling device is provided with a heat insulation plate, the side wall opposite to the heat insulation plate is provided with a heat conduction plate, and the other side surfaces of the evaporative cooling device except the heat conduction plate are insulated; a metal plate is arranged in the evaporative cooling device in parallel to the heat insulation plate, and the hollow cuboid structure is divided into two communicated ventilation dry channels and ventilation wet channels; a channel between the metal plate and the insulating plate surface is a ventilation dry channel; the inlet of the ventilation and drying channel is communicated with the air-conditioning room, the outlet of the ventilation and wet channel is connected with the exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected with the outside; the inner surfaces of the metal plate and the heat conducting plate in the ventilation wet channel are respectively covered with a pure cotton fiber layer, a plurality of porous hoses are embedded in the pure cotton fiber layers, the porous hoses are respectively connected with a diversion water pipeline, the diversion water pipeline is connected with a main water pipeline, and the main water pipeline is connected with a water storage tank; the joint of the porous hose and the diversion water pipeline is provided with a signal induction device and a switch valve, and the signal induction device and the switch valve are respectively connected with the power controller through induction signal cables.
In the evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device, two sides of the inlet of the wet ventilation channel are respectively provided with a drainage pipeline.
In the evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device, the heat conducting plate is made of gypsum boards; the metal plate is made of aluminum alloy; the heat insulation plate is made of heat insulation protective layer materials.
A method for determining parameters of the evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device comprises the following steps:
(1) several parameters determining the specific shape of the evaporative cooling apparatus were determined, respectively: the sizes of the inlet of the ventilation dry channel and the outlet of the ventilation wet channel, the widths, the lengths and the heights of the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel, the thicknesses of the metal plate, the heat conducting plate and the pure cotton fiber layer, the sizes of the main water flow pipeline, the shunt water flow pipeline and the porous hose and the number of the porous hoses;
(2) determining the height and the length of the ventilation and rheumatism passage and the ventilation and dry passage according to the size of the house; determining the widths of a ventilation dry channel and a ventilation wet channel according to the energy conservation and mass conservation relation learned by heat and mass exchange and heat transfer science and the length and height of the ventilation dry channel of the evaporative cooling device; determining the size and the number of the inlet of the ventilation dry channel and the outlet of the ventilation wet channel according to the width and the length of the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel of the device; determining the thicknesses of the metal plate, the heat conducting plate and the pure cotton fiber layer according to the heat conducting property; determining the sizes of the main diversion water pipeline, the diversion water pipeline and the porous hose and the number of the porous hoses according to the area of the pure cotton fiber layer;
in the above method for determining parameters of an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device, the step (2) further includes a step of optimizing width parameters of a dry ventilation channel and a wet ventilation channel, and the specific operations are as follows:
according to the air speed in the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel of the given evaporative cooling device, the width of the channels is changed continuously, a plurality of models of the evaporative cooling device are designed, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on each model, and the model with the best cooling effect is selected, so that the width of the ventilation dry channel and the width of the ventilation wet channel are determined.
In the above method for determining parameters of the evaporative cooling displacement ventilation apparatus, the boundary conditions of the calculated heat value exchange principle and the analysis of the heat transfer science are as follows: the pressure adopted in the whole exhaust process of the evaporative cooling device is equal to the atmospheric pressure; the influence of horizontal heat conduction of the metal plate, the pure cotton fiber layer and the heat conducting plate is ignored, and the enthalpy balance of the wet air in the ventilation wet channel can be independently expressed by sensible heat balance and latent heat balance.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the evaporative cooling device comprises a dry ventilation channel and a wet ventilation channel, wherein during air exhaust, heat exchange is carried out between exhaust air and the metal plate in the dry channel, the temperature of the metal plate is lower than that of the exhaust air, and heat in the exhaust air is transferred to the metal plate from air, so that the air temperature is gradually reduced until the initial end of the wet channel; in the wet channel, the exhaust air and the water-containing cotton fiber layer are subjected to heat-mass exchange, water vapor in the water-containing cotton fiber layer can enter the exhaust air to increase the humidity of the exhaust air, meanwhile, because the temperature of the exhaust air of the wet channel is lower, heat in the wet channel can enter the exhaust air from the metal plate and the heat conduction plate through the water-containing cotton fiber layer, and the temperatures of the metal plate and the heat conduction plate can be reduced; the invention utilizes the evaporative cooling technology to process indoor exhaust air, thereby achieving the effect of 'radiation cooling'; the comfort of the room is better.
2) The invention combines the replacement ventilation and the evaporative cooling, thereby ensuring the comfort and the air quality of the air-conditioned room.
3) The invention effectively reduces the mechanical energy consumption of the air conditioner and saves the energy consumption of the building; the invention has simple structure, low cost and easy maintenance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a view showing the installation structure in an air-conditioned room according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a structural end view of the evaporative cooling apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a structural view of a pure cotton fiber layer of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the present invention includes an evaporative cooling device and an exhaust duct 18; the evaporative cooling device is of a hollow cuboid structure, a heat insulation plate 8 is adopted on one side wall of the evaporative cooling device, and a heat conduction plate 3 is adopted on the side wall opposite to the heat insulation plate 8. The heat conducting plate 3 is made of a gypsum board with excellent heat conducting performance; the heat insulation plate 8 is made of a heat insulation protective layer material. The evaporative cooling unit is insulated on all sides except the heat-conducting plate 3.
A metal plate 7 is arranged in the evaporative cooling device in parallel to the heat insulation plate 8 and is made of aluminum alloy, and the hollow cuboid structure is divided into two communicated ventilation dry channels 9 and ventilation wet channels 10 by the metal plate 7; the channel between the metal plate 7 and the insulating plate 8 is a ventilation dry channel 9, and the other channel is a ventilation wet channel 10. The inlet 2 of the dry ventilation channel 9 is communicated with an air-conditioned room, the outlet 11 of the wet ventilation channel 10 is connected with an exhaust duct 18, and the exhaust duct 18 is connected outdoors; the inner surfaces of the metal plate 7 and the heat conducting plate 3 in the ventilation wet channel 10 are respectively covered with a pure cotton fiber layer 4 with strong water absorption. As shown in figure 4, a plurality of porous hoses 5 are embedded in the pure cotton fiber layer 4, and the pure cotton fiber layer 4 and the porous hoses 5 are fixed by a metal net fence 6.
The porous hoses 5 are respectively connected with a branch water pipeline 13, the branch water pipeline 13 is connected with a main water pipeline 14, and the main water pipeline 14 is connected with the water storage tank. A signal induction device 16 and a switch valve 12 are installed at the joint of the porous hose 5 and the water diversion pipeline 13, the signal induction device 16 and the switch valve 12 are respectively connected with a power controller 17 through induction signal cables 15, and the power controller 17 controls the supplement of water. Two sides of the inlet of the wet ventilation channel 10 are respectively provided with a drainage pipeline 1 for draining redundant water.
As shown in fig. 2, when the present invention is used, the heat insulating plate 8 of the present invention is closely attached to the inner wall of the air-conditioned room. In order to better play the role of the invention, the air inlet 19 of the air-conditioning room is arranged at the lower part of the space room, and the invention is arranged on the side wall or/and the ceiling of the air inlet 19 of the air-conditioning room. The outdoor fresh air supply port 19 is fed into the room, indoor exhaust air enters the ventilation dry channel through the inlet 2 of the ventilation dry channel 9, is transferred into the ventilation wet channel 10 through the ventilation dry channel 9, is fed into the exhaust duct 18 from the outlet 11 of the ventilation wet channel, and is finally exhausted to the outside through the exhaust duct 18.
As shown in fig. 2, the working principle of the present invention is as follows: when the room air conditioner operates in summer, outdoor fresh air enters the room through the air supply opening 19, the air in the room is distributed totally, hot air is arranged on the upper portion, cold air is arranged on the lower portion, and hot air on the upper portion enters the ventilation dry channel 9 through the inlet 2 of the ventilation dry channel. In the ventilation dry channel 9, since the temperature of the metal plate 7 is lower than that of the hot air, heat exchange occurs between the hot air and the metal aluminum plate 7, and the temperature of the air gradually decreases as the air flows until the air enters the ventilation wet channel 10. In the wet passageway 10 of ventilation, the temperature of air is lower, and the air can take place heat and mass exchange with the moisture pure cotton fiber layer 4 of upper and lower both sides, and vapor in the water film can get into the air, and the heat in metal sheet 7 and the heat-conducting plate 3 can lead to the temperature of heat-conducting plate 3 to reduce in can spreading into the air through moisture pure cotton fiber layer 4 simultaneously to the indoor effect that forms a "radiation cooling" in the room, the thermal comfort of human upper part of the body part can be better.
As shown in fig. 3, the ventilation dry channel 9 of the present invention is provided with a plurality of inlets 2, the ventilation wet channel 10 is provided with a plurality of outlets 11, and the ventilation dry channel 9 and the ventilation wet channel 10 are separated by the metal plate 7.
A method of determining parameters for an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation unit, comprising the steps of:
(1) several parameters determining the specific shape of the evaporative cooling device were determined, respectively: the sizes of the inlet 2 of the dry ventilation channel 9 and the outlet 11 of the wet ventilation channel 10, the widths, lengths and heights of the dry ventilation channel 9 and the wet ventilation channel 10, the thicknesses of the metal plate 7, the heat conducting plate 3 and the pure cotton fiber layer 4, the sizes of the main water flow pipeline 14, the branch water flow pipeline 13 and the porous hose 5 and the number of the porous hoses 5;
(2) determining the height and the length of the ventilation wet channel 9 and the ventilation dry channel 10 according to the size of a house, and determining the width of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the ventilation wet channel 10 according to the energy conservation and mass conservation relation learned by heat and mass exchange and heat transfer science and the length of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the ventilation wet channel 10 of the evaporative cooling device; the optimization of the width parameter operates as follows:
according to the length and the height of a ventilation dry channel 9 and a ventilation wet channel 10 of a given evaporative cooling device and the air speed in the ventilation dry channel 9 and the ventilation wet channel 10, the width of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the width of the ventilation wet channel 10 are continuously changed, a plurality of models of the evaporative cooling device are designed, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on each model, and the model with the best cooling effect is selected, so that the width of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the width of the ventilation wet channel 10 are determined.
The boundary conditions of the heat exchange principle calculation and the heat transfer analysis are as follows: the pressure adopted in the whole exhaust process of the evaporative cooling device is equal to the atmospheric pressure; the influence of the horizontal heat conduction of the metal plate 7, the pure cotton fiber layer 4 and the heat conducting plate 3 is negligible, and the enthalpy balance of the humid air in the ventilation wet channel 10 can be independently expressed by sensible heat balance and latent heat balance.
The size and number of the inlet 2 of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the outlet 11 of the ventilation wet channel 10 are determined according to the width and length dimensions of the ventilation dry channel 9 and the ventilation wet channel 10 of the device. The thicknesses of the metal plate 7, the heat conduction plate 3 and the pure cotton fiber layer 4 are determined according to the heat conduction property, and the sizes of the main diversion water pipeline 14, the diversion water pipeline 13 and the porous hose 5 and the number of the porous hoses 5 are determined according to the area of the pure cotton fiber layer 4.

Claims (6)

1. An evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device comprises an evaporative cooling device and an exhaust duct; the method is characterized in that: the evaporative cooling device is of a hollow cuboid structure, one side wall of the evaporative cooling device is made of a heat insulation plate, the side wall opposite to the heat insulation plate is made of a heat conduction plate, and the other side surfaces of the evaporative cooling device except the heat conduction plate are all insulated; a metal plate is arranged in the evaporative cooling device in parallel to the heat insulation plate, and the hollow cuboid structure is divided into two communicated ventilation dry channels and ventilation wet channels; a channel between the metal plate and the insulating plate surface is a ventilation dry channel; the inlet of the ventilation and drying channel is communicated with the air-conditioning room, the outlet of the ventilation and wet channel is connected with the exhaust pipeline, and the exhaust pipeline is connected with the outside; the inner surfaces of the metal plate and the heat conducting plate in the ventilation wet channel are respectively covered with a pure cotton fiber layer, a plurality of porous hoses are embedded in the pure cotton fiber layers, the porous hoses are respectively connected with a diversion water pipeline, the diversion water pipeline is connected with a main water pipeline, and the main water pipeline is connected with a water storage tank; the joint of the porous hose and the diversion water pipeline is provided with a signal induction device and a switch valve, and the signal induction device and the switch valve are respectively connected with the power controller through induction signal cables.
2. The evaporative cooling displacement ventilation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: two sides of the inlet of the ventilation wet channel are respectively provided with a drainage pipeline.
3. The evaporative cooling displacement ventilation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the heat conducting plate is made of gypsum boards; the metal plate is made of aluminum alloy; the heat insulation plate is made of heat insulation protective layer materials.
4. The evaporative cooling displacement ventilation apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the ventilation dry channel is provided with a plurality of inlets, and the ventilation wet channel is provided with a plurality of outlets.
5. A method of determining parameters of an evaporative cooling displacement ventilation unit as defined in any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the steps of:
(1) several parameters determining the specific shape of the evaporative cooling device were determined, respectively: the sizes of the inlet of the ventilation dry channel and the outlet of the ventilation wet channel, the widths, the lengths and the heights of the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel, the thicknesses of the metal plate, the heat-conducting plate and the pure cotton fiber layer, the sizes of the main water flow pipeline, the branch water flow pipeline and the porous hose and the number of the porous hoses;
(2) determining the height and the length of the ventilation and air-humidification channel according to the size of a house, and determining the width of the ventilation and air-humidification channel according to the relationship between energy conservation and mass conservation learned by heat and mass exchange and heat transfer science and the length and the height of the ventilation and air-humidification channel of the evaporative cooling device;
determining the size and the number of the inlet of the ventilation dry channel and the outlet of the ventilation wet channel according to the width and the length of the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel of the device;
determining the thicknesses of the metal plate, the heat conducting plate and the pure cotton fiber layer according to the heat conducting property; and determining the sizes of the main diversion water pipeline, the diversion water pipeline and the porous hose and the number of the porous hoses according to the area of the pure cotton fiber layer.
6. The method for determining parameters of an evaporative cooling displacement ventilator as claimed in claim 5, wherein the step (2) further comprises the step of optimizing the width parameters of the dry ventilation channel and the wet ventilation channel, and the specific operation is as follows:
according to the air speed in the ventilation dry channel and the ventilation wet channel of the given evaporative cooling device, the width of the channels is changed continuously, a plurality of models of the evaporative cooling device are designed, numerical simulation calculation is carried out on each model, and the model with the best cooling effect is selected, so that the width of the ventilation dry channel and the width of the ventilation wet channel are determined.
CN201710140046.7A 2017-03-10 2017-03-10 Evaporative cooling displacement ventilation device and parameter determination method thereof Active CN106679027B (en)

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CN111097562B (en) * 2019-12-31 2021-04-09 西安交通大学 Flat plate heating comprehensive experiment bench and method based on small reactor PAS system
CN115096017B (en) * 2022-05-30 2023-03-17 南京航空航天大学 Dew point evaporative cooler combined with capillary tube and method

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CN2594353Y (en) * 2002-09-06 2003-12-24 中国科学院化学研究所 Ventilating air source radiating heat cold supplying suspended ceiling plates
CN203628897U (en) * 2013-11-21 2014-06-04 西安工程大学 Air cooler composite refrigerating and heating air conditioning unit with direct and indirect expansion-type heat pipe
CN204240508U (en) * 2014-10-21 2015-04-01 西安工程大学 The evaporative cooling displacement ventilation air-conditioning system of underground water Multi-class propagation

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