CN106678808B - A kind of incineration system - Google Patents
A kind of incineration system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106678808B CN106678808B CN201611018070.5A CN201611018070A CN106678808B CN 106678808 B CN106678808 B CN 106678808B CN 201611018070 A CN201611018070 A CN 201611018070A CN 106678808 B CN106678808 B CN 106678808B
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- combustion chamber
- flue gas
- burning
- reaction
- incineration system
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/08—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating
- F23G5/14—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor having supplementary heating including secondary combustion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/02—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material
- F23J15/022—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of purifiers, e.g. for removing noxious material for removing solid particulate material from the gasflow
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Incineration Of Waste (AREA)
Abstract
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of incineration system, for solving the technical issues of burning effect of incineration system of the prior art is poor.The incineration system includes：The flue gas caused by material to be burned that burns for carrying out primary combustion to the material to be burned of feeding, is discharged in first combustion chamber；Wherein, it is in preset parameter range comprising particulate matter, the relevant parameter of particulate matter in a flue gas, at least one particulate matter includes incendivity and/or incombustible particles object；Second combustion chamber, it is connect with the first combustion chamber, it is provided with flat-pushing flow structure, for a flue gas and the auxiliary fuel that burner provides of the first combustion chamber received mix burn form sustained response react flue gas, reaction flue gas flows through flat-pushing flow structure and reaction is sequentially promoted in flat-pushing flow structure, secondary flue gas is formed, at least one incombustible particles object is included in secondary flue gas；Dust-extraction unit, the secondary flue gas for being discharged to the second combustion chamber are dusted processing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environmental engineering, more particularly to a kind of incineration system.
Background technology
With economic rapid development, the yield of China's hazardous waste is increasing, type is various, property is complicated, and
Generating source distributed number is extensive, and serious harm is formed to ecological environment and human health.Burning is that processing hazardous waste most has
Effect and most thorough processing mode, and country is for the burning tailor of hazardous waste《Dangerous waste incineration contamination control
Standard (GB18484-2001)》, indicate that ensure that the effective of hazardous waste is burned, it is specified that burning furnace temperature >=1100 DEG C, cigarette
The residence time of gas answers >=2S, and ensures relevant art parameter, is the harmless burning disposal for safely and effectively realizing hazardous waste
Basis.Therefore, as the carrier of burning process, the structure of incinerator realizes with vital burning process process
Effect.
At present, fairly perfect incinerator system uses rotary kiln charging+large-scale combustion room (i.e. main chamber)+absorption dedusting more
The frame mode of+qualified discharge carries out final burning in a manner of large-scale combustion room, that is, it is mainly complete in large-scale combustion room to burn reaction
Into.It burns material and enters rotary kiln in the form of large granular materials, and as the process of overturning is realized in the rotation of system to burning material
In, the flue gas for including a large amount of particulate matters can be constantly generated, since the granular size of the burning material of entrance is extremely uneven, and
And in the rotary kiln rotary course with inclination angle material continuous reaction, with the propulsion step by step of reaction, particle also occurs therewith
Variation so as to cause the inhomogenous of reaction process, causes to react after large-scale combustion room is burnt not enough thoroughly, can in the tail gas of discharge
It can influence burning effect containing the complete incinerated matter of unreacted and byproduct of reaction etc., cause the heavy load of vent gas treatment.
Invention content
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of incineration system, relatively low for solving the burning ratio of incineration system of the prior art
The technical issues of.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of incineration system, including：
First combustion chamber, for carrying out primary combustion, material to be burned described in discharge burning to the material to be burned of feeding
A generated flue gas；Wherein, in a flue gas default ginseng is in comprising particulate matter, the relevant parameter of the particulate matter
In number range, at least one particulate matter includes incendivity and/or incombustible particles object；
Second combustion chamber is provided with flat-pushing flow structure, and second combustion chamber is connect with first combustion chamber, for inciting somebody to action
The auxiliary fuel that a flue gas for first combustion chamber received is provided with burner mix burning and formed continuing
The reaction flue gas of reaction, the reaction flue gas flow through the flat-pushing flow structure and are sequentially promoted in the flat-pushing flow structure anti-
Should, secondary flue gas is formed, at least one incombustible particles object is included in the secondary flue gas；
Dust-extraction unit, the secondary flue gas for being discharged to second combustion chamber are dusted processing.
Optionally, the system also includes：
Feed device is connect with first combustion chamber, for the material to be burned to be sent into first combustion chamber.
Optionally, first combustion chamber further includes：
Compressed air blow gun for purging, stirring the burning material entered in the first combustion chamber, makes first combustion
Burn the burning material turning in room.
Optionally, the temperature of reaction flue gas that burning is formed is mixed in second combustion chamber and burns temperature more than or equal to default
Degree, the default incineration temperature are based on burning standard setting.
Optionally, the flat-pushing flow structure has default draw ratio, and the value range of the default draw ratio is [8,15].
Optionally, the duration that the reaction flue gas flows through the flat-pushing flow structure is more than or equal to preset duration, described default
Time is based on burning standard setting.
Optionally, it is set in the flat-pushing flow structure of second combustion chamber or has at least one disturbing flow device, for disturbing
The reaction flue gas.
Optionally, the incineration system further includes：
Quenching apparatus is sprayed, is set between device and second combustion chamber positioned at the dedusting, for the secondary fume
Gas carries out cooling treatment, and corresponding cooling extent and time used are based on burning standard setting.
Optionally, the spray quenching apparatus includes heat exchange interface and chilling tower；
Wherein, the heat exchange interface is for the chilling tower to be connect with second combustion chamber, in the heat exchange interface
It is equipped with to protect the heat exchanging fluid taken over；
The chilling tower, including spray-absorption liquid, available for absorbing part pernicious gas contained by the secondary flue gas, and it is right
The secondary flue gas is cooled down.
Optionally, the incineration system further includes fume extractor, is connect with the cleaner；
The fume extractor includes air-introduced machine and chimney, wherein, the air-introduced machine is used for will be after cleaner processing
Gas guide into the chimney discharged and be based on burn standard setting system operation negative pressure.
Incineration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber and dust-extraction unit, by the
One combustion chamber, which is treated, burns material progress primary combustion, and discharge discharge and burn caused by material to be burned comprising incendivity
And/or a flue gas of incombustible particles object, and the relevant parameter of particulate matter is in preset parameter range in a flue gas,
Such as the parameters such as particulate matter size, weight, therefore burning material is treated by the first combustion chamber and is burned, it can realize to particle
Degree is screened so that and it is smaller more uniform into the granularity in a flue gas of the second combustion chamber, it is set in the second combustion chamber
There is flat-pushing flow structure, therefore the flue gas that reacts that a flue gas with reactive fuel mix burning formation flows through flat-pushing flow structure progress
Abundant combustion reaction, the secondary flue gas of generation, and the flat-pushing flow structure in the second combustion chamber can realize the advanced of reaction mass
First go out, therefore can ensure the residence time of material, with to the complete incinerated matter of unreacted in a flue gas and byproduct of reaction into
Row fully burns reaction, so as to reduce the generation of fume amount and other harmful substances, improves the burn-off rate of incineration system, improves
The effect burned, thereby reduces in the pressure by dust-extraction unit to the second fume treatment.
Description of the drawings
Figure 1A-Figure 1B is the structure diagram of incineration system in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of the second combustion chamber in the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 A- Fig. 3 D are the schematic diagram of the laminar flow segment structure of the second combustion chamber in the embodiment of the present invention；
Specific embodiment
Purpose, technical scheme and advantage to make the embodiment of the present invention are clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, the technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
Part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
All other embodiments obtained without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the embodiment of the present invention, incineration system, which can be used for treating, burns material and is burned and to the residue after burning
And flue gas etc. is handled, and to realize cleaning discharge, reduces the pollution to environment.
In the prior art, one or more incinerators are generally included in incineration system, rotary kiln charging+large-scale combustion room is (i.e. main
Combustion chamber)+absorb dedusting+qualified discharge frame mode.
Burning is a complicated chemical process, is related to chemistry, heat transfer, mass transfer, hydrodynamics, chemical thermodynamics, chemistry
Many processes such as dynamics.Incinerator can be divided into three categories in terms of material is handled, i.e. solid waste incinerator, waste gas combustion furnace, useless
Liquid incinerator, and circulating fluid bed type incinerator, mechanical grate furnace incinerator, rotary kiln type can be divided into from the type of furnace and burned
The types such as stove, incinerator for thermal decomposition, direct-combustion furnace.
Optionally, material to be burned can be that junk or hazardous waste etc. carry out burning destruction, the present invention
Embodiment is not specifically limited this.In addition, the form of material to be burned can be solid-state, liquid or powder or even may be used also
By include it is other in the form of such as gaseous state, can be depending on actual conditions in actual mechanical process, the embodiment of the present invention is to this
It is not specifically limited.
In addition, the terms "and/or", only a kind of incidence relation for describing affiliated partner, represents there may be
Three kinds of relationships, for example, A and/or B, can represent：Individualism A exists simultaneously A and B, these three situations of individualism B.Separately
Outside, character "/" herein, it is a kind of relationship of "or" to typically represent forward-backward correlation object.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in Figure 1A, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of incineration system, the incineration system for treat burn material into
Row burns and the residue after burning is handled, and can mainly include the first combustion chamber, the second combustion chamber and dust-extraction unit.
Optionally, as shown in Figure 1A, it is also provided with spraying between the second combustion chamber and dust-extraction unit in incineration system
Quenching apparatus is drenched, for being pre-processed before dust-extraction unit to the flue gas of the second combustion chamber output, will subsequently be carried out herein
It is discussed in detail.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the first combustion chamber of incineration system can be used for carrying out the material to be burned of feeding first
The incinerator of burning, and the flue gas caused by material to be burned that burns is discharged, a flue gas includes incendivity and/or can not
Burning particles object, the relevant parameter of particulate matter is in preset parameter range, such as the parameters such as size and weight of particulate matter, if
The preset parameter range put can be the small, weight that can ensure particulate matter in a certain range, could be with a flue gas
The first combustion chamber is discharged into the second combustion chamber.
And then second combustion chamber can be used for by from the first combustion chamber a flue gas for reception with setting burner
The auxiliary fuel provided carries out mixing burning, mixes the reaction flue gas for the lasting burning that burning is formed, and reaction flue gas flows through flat
Plug-flow structure and sequence, which promote, reacts, and forms secondary flue gas, at least one incombustible particles object is included in secondary flue gas.
Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, contained particulate matters have been subjected to controlling before the second combustion chamber is entered in a flue gas
System is (including granular size, proportion etc.), when particulate matter is burnable granule, will in the second combustion chamber sustained response, can
Under the conditions of the effecting reaction of control, i.e. reaction temperature >=1100 DEG C in the second combustion chamber, reaction time >=2s can be pushed away sequentially
Into reaction consumption until disappearing；It and will be with the shape of flue dust for non-flammable particulate matter and the burnable granule not reacted completely yet
State is resided in the secondary flue gas after flowing through the flat-pushing flow structure.
Also, due to the reactive mode that sequence promotes, it is effectively guaranteed the reaction equilibrium for burning material, reliable and reaction
The validity of time so as to be effectively guaranteed the effect of burning, reduces the probability of the generation of dioxin harmful substance.
And then processing is dusted by the secondary flue gas that dust-extraction unit discharges the second combustion chamber, therefore by large-scale combustion room
(i.e. the first combustion chamber) structure is placed on before the second combustion chamber comprising special flat-pushing flow structure, and material is burned for treating
It is screened, and then promote reaction mass advanced using flat-pushing flow structure in the second combustion chamber to carrying out tentatively burning and granularity
First go out so that reaction mass can fully react, and burning ratio is higher, reduce later stage absorption dedusting, purification ensures the negative of processing
Load, realizes the qualified discharge to tail gas.
Optionally, on the basis of incineration system as shown in Figure 1A, which can also include feed device, remove
Dirt device, washing absorption foam removal demister and fume extractor etc., as shown in Figure 1B, wherein, feed device is in incineration system
Before the first combustion chamber, (treating for feed device feeding is only shown in figure for material to be burned to be sent into the first combustion chamber
Burn material), washing absorption foam removal demister can between dust-extraction unit and fume extractor, for secondary flue gas into
Row processing, fume extractor can be connect with washing absorption foam removal demister, be discharged for carrying out tail gas, smoke evacuation dress
Putting can be based on the operation negative pressure for burning standard setting system.
In the following, the embodiment of the present invention will describe to each section of incineration system in detail.
In the embodiment of the present invention, feed device can the automation control based on incineration system, by material to be burned be sent into
First combustion chamber carries out primary combustion, which can be that hazardous waste waits for the material burned.
First combustion chamber can treat to burn material progress burning disposal as the large-scale combustion room in incineration system.In reality
In the application of border, the first combustion chamber can be fluidized bed furnace, therefore can treat burning material by the first combustion chamber and tentatively be fired
The processing procedures such as burning, gasification, and the particulate matter in the flue gas generated to primary combustion carries out the screening of particle.Due to by
The burning for burning material and the screening to particulate matter are treated in one combustion chamber, it (is, for example, less than to be equal to that system, which only allows grain size smaller,
Predetermined size) and/or weight be less than or equal to the particulate matter of default proportion and could be discharged with a flue gas, therefore the cigarette discharged
The size or weight of particulate matter in gas can it is small to a certain extent, wherein predetermined size can be used for according to material to be burned
Property to the threshold value that large particulate matter discharges with flue gas can be avoided set by system.
In general, the granularity of air floating dust is less than 10 μm, and the granularity of depositing dust is more than 10 μm, the object of different grain size particulate matter
Rationality matter (as it is optical, electromagnetism) and chemical composition be very different, therefore, with its granularity the characteristics of particulate matter
It is different and different.Wherein, granularity is used to indicate the size of particulate matter, and the granularity of spheric granules represents referred to as " grain with his diameter
Diameter ", aspherical particle do not have diameter that can say, just using its granularity of the conceptual description of " equivalent grain size ", i.e. grain size is to compare granularity
Specifically more accurate physical concept.
Due to being discharged into the pollutant of air in city, it is largely focused in small size particle object, some venomous injurants
Matter, such as cadmium, lead, nickel and BaP carcinogenic substance are concentrated in the little particle that granularity is 0.1~2 μm, then, in order to such
Grain object is further processed, therefore corresponding predetermined size can be 2um, 4um etc., and the embodiment of the present invention does not make this to have
Body limits.
In practical applications, the first combustion chamber is when screening the particulate matter in a flue gas, if the first combustion chamber
For fluidized bed furnace, then, system can pass through the control to cloth wind system and ebullated bed in fluidized bed furnace so that fluidized bed furnace is normally transported
Wind speed during row is bigger than critical boiling wind speed, and the bed of material is expanded into certain altitude at this time, and the fuel of volume is in boiling in fluidized bed furnace
State, grain size is less than or equal to set the little particle of grain size and/or weight can come out of the stove less than the particulate matter of preset weight with air-flow band
Outside, the flue dust in a flue gas is formed.
Therefore, the first combustion chamber of incineration system provided in an embodiment of the present invention can carry out for the first time treating incinerated matter
Particulate matter is screened accordingly caused by burning, i.e., in the first combustion chamber hazardous waste it is low into, be higher by, and centainly drawing
Under the conditions of air quantity, the only particulate matter of the small low weight to corresponding granularity size could be entered from large-scale combustion cell structure
The second combustion chamber with flat-pushing flow structure carries out burning reaction, is generated so as to accurately protect the first combustion chambers burn material to be burned
Harm small particle can enter the second combustion chamber carry out adequately burn reaction.
Optionally, the first combustion chamber is also provided with compressed air blow gun, can be used for purging, stirs and described enter
Burning material in one combustion chamber makes the burning material turning in first combustion chamber, burns, and makes the burning material
It is all or part of to be in fluidized state.
Certainly, in practical applications, incineration system can also use the mating frequency converter of large capacity air-introduced machine to meet system
Negative pressure and different material burn the requirement to air capacity, provide necessary burning environment, improve burning effect.
Next, the second combustion chamber being connect with the first combustion chamber can receive the flue gas of the first combustion chamber one time, and to one
Particulate matter in secondary flue gas carries out burning reaction again, i.e., using the second combustion chamber as the main chamber in incineration system, with right
Danger is fully burned.
As shown in Fig. 2, its structure diagram for the second combustion chamber in the embodiment of the present invention, according to the combustion to reaction mass
The progradation of reaction is burnt, can be divided into mixing burning zone, laminar flow section, ascent stage and interface section.
When the first flue gas is had just enter into the second combustion chamber, you can think that it is in the mixer section of the second combustion chamber, second
It can be useful for providing the burner of auxiliary fuel in combustion chamber, the mixer section in the second combustion chamber can be by a flue gas of entrance
The auxiliary fuel provided with burner is mixed and is burnt, and forms the secondary flue gas persistently burned, meanwhile, combustion process release
Heat the temperature of the second combustion chamber can be promoted to increase, formed be conducive to burn reaction carry out hot environment so that second combustion
The temperature for burning room is more than or equal to default incineration temperature, which can be set based on burning standard, such as can be
《Dangerous waste incineration contamination control standard》Defined incineration temperature, i.e., 1100 DEG C, to ensure the active combustion of material and reaction.
Then, the reaction flue gas persistently burned can be flowed in the laminar flow section of the second combustion chamber with air-flow and sequence
Promote reaction.In the embodiment of the present invention, the flat-pushing flow structure that the second combustion chamber has can refer to the second combustion from a structural point
Burning room has preset draw ratio, i.e. the ratio of the second chamber length and internal diameter is default ratio, internal diameter and the second combustion chamber
Area of section it is related.
As shown in Figure 3A, the schematic cross-section for laminar flow section in the second combustion chamber, the laminar flow of combustion chamber herein
Section is also long flow laminar flow section.As seen from the figure, the shell that is followed successively by from outside to inside in the structure of the second combustion chamber, insulating layer,
Working face flame retardant coating, in practical applications can root for this shape for sentencing the second combustion chamber can not be regular circular
It is configured according to actual demand.
In practical applications, the material of flame retardant coating can be using the material of high temperature resistant, fire resisting, and flame retardant coating forms combustion chamber
Working face, provide to burn reaction and reliable burn environment.Protective layer can be between housing and flame retardant coating, for burning
Burn the hot environment that combustion chamber is maintained in reaction process.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the shape of combustion chamber is regular circle shapes or irregular shape, is designing the second combustion chamber
During draw ratio, the internal diameter of combustion chamber can be calculated according to the cross-sectional area of combustion chamber, if the shape of combustion chamber is rule circle
Shape, then it is believed that combustion chamber internal diameter be section circle diameter, if alternatively, the shape of combustion chamber be irregular shape,
It can be using the equivalent diameter of section circle as the internal diameter of combustion chamber.
For example, if cross-sectional shape in the second combustion chamber is dome-shaped as shown in fig. 3, the dome-shaped it is corresponding
Parameter as shown in Figure 3B, wherein letter a represents the profile height of combustion chamber, alphabetical b represents the width of combustion chamber, and R is circular arch
The radius of shape (sector), n are the corresponding angle of dome-shaped.So, the process for calculating draw ratio can be as follows：
1) area of section of calculating laminar flow section is：
A=a*b+ π R2n/180-R2The formula 1 of sin (n)/2
2) equivalent diameter (D) is calculated：
3) draw ratio (H) is calculated：
H=L:D formula 3
Wherein, the L in formula 3 represents the length of the second combustion chamber.
Usually, when the draw ratio of combustion chamber reaches certain ratio, thus it is possible to vary it is anti-in the combustion chamber to burn material
Corresponding device model is answered, is more than certain numerical value in draw ratio, corresponding reactor computation model is similar to laminar flow
Model.And plug flow model typically refers to reaction mass in the flowing direction completely without back-mixing, and perpendicular to flow direction
Plane on reach the model mixed to the greatest extent.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the value range of the default draw ratio of the second combustion chamber can be [8,15], such as formula 3
The value of middle H can be 9,11,14,15 or other ratios.At this point, the structure of the second combustion chamber is equivalent to piston flow reactor mould
Type, i.e., under constant volume state, the mean residence time of reaction mass and reaction time are all identical, without difference.
Due in the reaction process of laminar flow section, with reaction it is continuous carry out until reaction complete and furnace body in itself
Heat dissipation, laminar flow section certainly exist corresponding temperature gradient, and draw ratio is not the bigger the better, meanwhile, also it is unfavorable for manufacturing cost
Control and operation economy.Therefore, in the case where considering burn-off rate of cost and reaction mass etc., preferred draw ratio
Value range can be [12,15].
It is more than or equal at a high temperature of 1100 DEG C in addition, reacting flue gas in the second combustion chamber and being in, with the promotion of air-flow, combustion
More than 2m/s can be reached by burning the flow velocity of burner hearth flue gas in room, it might even be possible to reach 7m/s.In the embodiment of the present invention, if with pre-
If in the second combustion chamber in draw ratio, reaction flue gas can be [3m/s, 5m/s] in the flow rates of laminar flow section, bulk flow
Speed is more steady, can ensure the stay time of reaction mass laminar flow section in the second combustion chamber, i.e., effective in incinerator
The ratio between volume and incineration flue gas volume flow rate in stove, the residence time can be more than or equal to 2 seconds, that is, meet national regulation to danger
The burning standard of dangerous object.
In the embodiment of the present invention, temperature (the characterization combustion chamber of flue gas is reacted in the second combustion chamber with the progress for burning reaction
Interior temperature) can be more than or equal to preset temperature, and react flue gas flow through laminar flow section time be more than or equal to preset duration,
In, the preset temperature and preset duration can be based on burning standard setting.
For example, if the burning material that combustion chamber is burned is hazardous waste, according to the burning system currently for hazardous waste
Fixed《Dangerous waste incineration contamination control standard》Specified in order to ensure that the effective of hazardous waste is burned, it is specified that burning furnace temperature
>=1100 DEG C of degree, the residence time of flue gas answer >=2S, and therefore, the preset temperature in the embodiment of the present invention can be 1100 DEG C, in advance
If between duration can be 2s or can also be other numerical value under the premise of burning standard is met, for example, preset temperature 1200
DEG C, preset duration for 3s, etc., the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited this, and value disclosure satisfy that corresponding standard.
In the prior art, incineration system is usually and is developed on the basis of the industrial furnace based on heat energy utilization, and
And the still more large-scale combustion cell structure for laying particular emphasis on making full use of for the energy, using more combustion chambers mostly in structure, that is, it burns
The main process of burning is completed in large-scale combustion room, and the residence time of incinerator smoke is actually flat under preferable complete mixed state
The equal residence time.
And in the embodiment of the present invention, by the adjustment of the draw ratio to the second combustion chamber so that have default draw ratio
Second combustion chamber is similar to piston flow reactor model.Accordingly, with respect in the prior art using large-scale combustion room as main chamber
Complete mixing flow pattern for, mean residence time cannot represent the true residence time of all materials, into the material of system,
Some particles flow out rapidly, some particles may then be detained the long period；Secondly, what complete mixing flow mode of the prior art designed
Its residence time of reactor measured mostly as unit of hour, and the residence time burned is counted as unit of being the second
Amount, the residence time for illustrating to calculate in this way certainly exist very big error.And under flat-pushing stream mode, reaction time and object
The residence time of material maintains consistency, the residence time be it is effective, it is also more reliable, so as to solve to use in the prior art
Large-scale combustion room with ideal complete mixing flow state determining reaction mass residence time error it is larger the technical issues of.
Optionally, in the embodiment of the present invention, at least one disturb is also provided in the flat-pushing flow structure of the second combustion chamber
Device is flowed, for increasing the disturbance to reacting flue gas, improves the turbulent extent of reaction flue gas, improves and burns effectively touching for reaction
It hits, so as to promote the effect for burning reaction.
As shown in Figure 3 C, it is the second combustion chamber vertical view equipped with disturbing flow device, this sentences laminar flow section setting flow-disturbing
For device includes multiple spoilers, and multiple spoilers with the formal distribution organized in laminar flow section.Such as dotted line frame can in figure
It to be expressed as one in disturbing flow device, can be made of 3 spoilers, 3 spoilers can be in angular distribution, and two-by-two
Parallel, when particulate matter flows through flat-pushing section with air-flow, multiple impacts can occur between spoiler for particulate matter, peomote anti-
The collision probability between particulate matter in flue gas is answered, reaction speed is promoted, improves reaction process.
Certainly, between each disturbing flow device can have corresponding spacing, the spacing can be according in reaction process not
It is set with the stage of reaction, the embodiment of the present invention is not specifically limited this.As shown in Figure 3D, it is the equipped with disturbing flow device
Side view in two combustion chambers.
Optionally, the spray quenching apparatus in incineration system can be used for carrying out the secondary flue gas that the second combustion chamber exports
Cooling treatment, corresponding cooling extent and time used can be based on burning standard setting.For example, according to《Dangerous waste incineration
Contamination control standard》For flue gas chilling control condition, current standard is：The time for dropping to 200 DEG C from 550 DEG C is less than 1s, then
Incineration system can be configured and control to the related work component for spraying quenching apparatus according to the standard.
In practical applications, spray quenching apparatus can specifically include heat exchange interface and chilling tower；
Wherein, heat exchange interface is equipped with heat exchanging fluid in the interface that exchanges heat, is somebody's turn to do for chilling tower to be connect with the second combustion chamber
Heat exchanging fluid, which can be used for protecting during heat exchange interface transmits the high temperature secondary flue gas of the second combustion chamber discharge, to be taken over, should
Heat exchanging fluid can be hot water or other liquid.
Chilling tower is connect with heat exchange interface, including spray-absorption liquid can absorb the heat of secondary flue gas institute band, and
Secondary flue gas is cooled down.In practical applications, it sprays the chilling tower in quenching apparatus and can also absorb in secondary flue gas and contain
Some part pernicious gases.
In practical applications, when handling tail gas, the dedustings such as venturi wet dust removal, semidry method can also be used
Mode selects more preferable, more inexpensive while can meet requirement to tail gas absorption and dedusting simultaneously qualified discharge, reduce to air and
The pollution of environment.
Optionally, the fume extractor in incineration system can include air-introduced machine and chimney, wherein, air-introduced machine is used for dedusting
Treated that gas guides chimney into is discharged for equipment, in practical applications, when handling tail gas, can also use text
The modes such as wet dust removal, atomizing spray absorption in mound, more preferable, the more inexpensive requirement met to tail gas absorption and dedusting is simultaneously
Qualified discharge reduces the pollution to air and environment.In practical applications, fume extractor can be based on burning standard setting system
Run negative pressure.
In the embodiment of the present invention, by improving the structure of incinerator, hazardous waste is carried out just first in large-scale combustion room
Step is burned, granularity screening, thoroughly realizes innoxious burning subsequently into the long flow section of laminar flow, it is ensured that dangerous waste incineration
Effective stay time, improve reflection condition, greatly improve firing efficiency, reduce the generation of flue dust, in certain situations
Under dependence to bag-type dust can be broken away from (such as the burning of fluid, semifluid organic hazardous waste), so as to significantly
Reduction equipment manufacture cost and operating cost.
Obviously, various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from essence of the invention by those skilled in the art
God and range.In this way, if these modifications and changes of the present invention belongs to the range of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies
Within, then the present invention is also intended to include these modifications and variations.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of incineration system, which is characterized in that including：
First combustion chamber, for carrying out primary combustion to the material to be burned of feeding, material to be burned described in discharge burning is produced
A raw flue gas；Wherein, in a flue gas parameter preset model is in comprising particulate matter, the relevant parameter of the particulate matter
In enclosing, the particulate matter includes incendivity and/or incombustible particles object；
Second combustion chamber is main chamber, is provided with the flat-pushing flow structure for meeting piston flow reactor model, second burning
Room is connect with first combustion chamber, for provide a flue gas for first combustion chamber received with burner
Auxiliary fuel mix burning and forms the reaction flue gas of sustained response, the reaction flue gas flow through the flat-pushing flow structure and
Reaction is sequentially promoted in the flat-pushing flow structure, forms secondary flue gas, is included in the secondary flue gas at least one incombustible
Particulate matter, the duration that the reaction flue gas flows through the flat-pushing flow structure are more than or equal to preset duration, and the preset time is base
In burning standard setting；
Second combustion chamber has default draw ratio, and the value range of the default draw ratio is [8,15]；Wherein, it is described pre-
If draw ratio is the ratio between the length of second combustion chamber and internal diameter, the internal diameter and the area of section phase of second combustion chamber
It closes；Dust-extraction unit, the secondary flue gas for being discharged to second combustion chamber are dusted processing.
2. the incineration system as described in right will require 1, which is characterized in that the system also includes：
Feed device is connect with first combustion chamber, for the material to be burned to be sent into first combustion chamber.
3. incineration system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that first combustion chamber further includes：
Compressed air blow gun for purging, stirring the burning material entered in the first combustion chamber, makes first combustion chamber
In burning material turning.
4. incineration system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the temperature of the reaction flue gas is more than or equal to default burn
Temperature, the default incineration temperature are based on burning standard setting.
5. the incineration system as described in any claims of claim 1-4, which is characterized in that the laminar flow knot of second combustion chamber
At least one disturbing flow device is provided in structure, for disturbing the reaction flue gas.
6. incineration system as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the incineration system further includes：
Quenching apparatus is sprayed, between the dust-extraction unit and second combustion chamber, for being carried out to the secondary flue gas
Cooling treatment, corresponding cooling extent and time used are based on burning standard setting.
7. incineration system as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the spray quenching apparatus includes heat exchange interface and chilling
Tower；
Wherein, the heat exchange interface houses for the chilling tower to be connect with second combustion chamber in the heat exchange interface
It is useful for the heat exchanging fluid that protection is taken over；
The chilling tower, including spray-absorption liquid, available for absorbing part pernicious gas contained by the secondary flue gas, and to described
Secondary flue gas is cooled down.
8. incineration system as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the incineration system further includes fume extractor, and described
Dust-extraction unit connects；
The fume extractor includes air-introduced machine and chimney, wherein, the air-introduced machine is used for the dust-extraction unit treated gas
Body is guided the chimney into and is discharged, and based on burning standard setting system operation negative pressure.
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| CN201611018070.5A CN106678808B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | A kind of incineration system |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611018070.5A CN106678808B (en) | 2016-11-18 | 2016-11-18 | A kind of incineration system |
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| CN106678808B true CN106678808B (en) | 2018-06-15 |
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| CN114151817A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-03-08 | 四川九洲环保科技有限责任公司 | Flue gas treatment system and treatment method |
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| JPH08110164A (en) * | 1994-10-12 | 1996-04-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Rotary kiln |
| CN2606262Y (en) * | 2003-02-26 | 2004-03-10 | 华南理工大学 | Low-pollution refuse burning systems |
| CN2634307Y (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2004-08-18 | 清华大学 | Multistage incineration equipment of rotary kiln garbage gasifying and carbon ash cosmelting |
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| CN106678808A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
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