CN106677926B - A kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water - Google Patents
A kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106677926B CN106677926B CN201611127520.4A CN201611127520A CN106677926B CN 106677926 B CN106677926 B CN 106677926B CN 201611127520 A CN201611127520 A CN 201611127520A CN 106677926 B CN106677926 B CN 106677926B
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- combustion engine
- water
- magnetic valve
- way magnetic
- cylinder
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
- F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
- F02M25/022—Adding fuel and water emulsion, water or steam
- F02M25/025—Adding water
- F02M25/03—Adding water into the cylinder or the pre-combustion chamber
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01N—GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01N5/00—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy
- F01N5/02—Exhaust or silencing apparatus combined or associated with devices profiting from exhaust energy the devices using heat
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B47/00—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines
- F02B47/02—Methods of operating engines involving adding non-fuel substances or anti-knock agents to combustion air, fuel, or fuel-air mixtures of engines the substances being water or steam
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Structures of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water, including internal combustion engine cylinders, air throttle, fuel injector, spark plug and spray nozzle, it further include condenser, heat exchanger, three-way magnetic valve, high pressure water rail and electronic control unit, condenser is connected to the exhaust output end of internal combustion engine cylinders, condenser output end connects the first input end of heat exchanger and three-way magnetic valve, second input terminal of the output end connection three-way magnetic valve of heat exchanger, the output end of three-way magnetic valve connects high pressure water rail, high pressure water rail connects spray nozzle, the present invention is by spraying into high pressure superheater water into cylinder, anxious boiling is dodged using superheated water, it forms high-temperature steam and further absorbs heat in cylinder, as extra work working medium, improve the internal-combustion engine system thermal efficiency；Realize that in-cylinder pressure temperature calculates in real time by establishing Controlling model, it is in an overheated state to guarantee to spray into water, improve the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of internal combustion engines, more particularly, to a kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water.
Background technique
The problems of energy consumption of motor vehicle receives significant attention, and the discharge standard of carbon dioxide and oil consumption is also more stringent.
In order to further increase motor vehicle working efficiency, reduction energy consumption is currently suggested supercharging of internal combustion engine and miniaturization technology,
After higher admission pressure, cylinder volume can be reduced in the case where not wasted power and torque export, to reduce
Fuel consumption, small displacement boosting internal combustion engine rely on this advantage, show and natural aspiration internal combustion engine is replaced to become motor-driven car owner
The trend of flowing power source.
But the thermal efficiency of small displacement boosting internal combustion engine is limited by pinking and pre-ignition phenomenon, in order to make full use of small displacement
The potentiality of boosting internal combustion engine, in-cylinder water injection technology are come into being, it is characterized in that heat is absorbed using cold water is sprayed into cylinder, from
And it reduces and compresses finishing temperature in cylinder and to avoid pinking and pre-ignition phenomenon can be further improved such as boost pressure and pressure
Internal-combustion engine parameter including contracting ratio, improves thermal efficiency performance.In-cylinder water injection technology has obtained the extensive pass of academia and industry
Note, such as German BMW group, group, German Bosch, Hyundai automobile group and FEV internal combustion engine consulting firm, Germany exist
More interior research institutions all start to optimize research to in-cylinder water injection technology.
At the same time, the tail gas of cylinder discharge has about taken away the heat of cylinder one third, sprays into cold water in cylinder at present
It can reduce and compress finishing temperature in cylinder, avoid pinking and pre-ignition phenomenon, but still without solving a large amount of of cylinder inner exhaust gas heat
Loss problem, the discharge of cylinder tail gas waste many energy consumptions, limit the raising of internal combustion engine thermal efficiency.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and provides a kind of cylinder injection for improving internal combustion engine thermal efficiency
The Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of superheated water.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water, including internal combustion engine cylinders, the internal combustion engine cylinders are equipped with section
Valve, fuel injector, spark plug and spray nozzle, the structure further include condenser, heat exchanger, three-way magnetic valve, high pressure water rail and
Electronic control unit, the condenser are connected to the exhaust output end of internal combustion engine cylinders, and condenser output end connects heat exchanger
Input terminal and three-way magnetic valve first input end, heat exchanger output end connection three-way magnetic valve the second input terminal,
The output end of three-way magnetic valve connects high pressure water rail, and high pressure water rail connects spray nozzle, the air throttle, fuel injector, spark
Plug, spray nozzle and three-way magnetic valve are all connected with electronic control unit, and when work, the condenser arranges internal combustion engine cylinders
Vapor condensing recovery in gas, is transported to heat exchanger and high-temperature exhaust air exchanges heat, and the superheated water after heat exchange passes through three-way magnetic valve
It is stored in high pressure water rail, is most sprayed into IC engine cylinder body through spray nozzle afterwards.
High-pressure hydraulic pump is equipped between the condenser and heat exchanger, the water outlet of condenser is forced into 15- by high-pressure hydraulic pump
25MPa is transported to heat exchanger.
The high pressure water rail is equipped with thermocouple and rail pressure sensor, and pressure sensor is equipped in IC engine cylinder body, described
Thermocouple, rail pressure sensor with pressure sensor connect electronic control unit.
The electronic control unit is equipped with the control program that three-way magnetic valve opening and closing is controlled according to target injection water temperature.
Target injection water temperature in the control program presses formula Ttarget=-0.0078P4+0.3173P3-4.9057P2+
41.769P+144.33 is calculated, T in formulatargetIndicate that target injection water temperature, P indicate in-cylinder pressure, surveyed by pressure sensor
?.
It can be obtained by the first law of thermodynamics, the known in-cylinder pressure and volume the case where, equation for ideal gases can be passed through
Cylinder temperature is calculated in PV=nRT, then by water and vapor enthalpy table, establishes fit equation Ttarget=-
0.0078P4+0.3173P3-4.9057P2+ 41.769P+144.33, the model are implanted into electronic control unit, for right in real time
The water temperature of high pressure water rail is compared with target water temperature, high-temperature tail gas of the heat energy from internal combustion engine, high pressure after heating
Water is entered in high pressure water rail by three-way solenoid valve to be saved, and the water temperature and pressure in high pressure water rail are passed by thermocouple and rail pressure respectively
Sensor measures, and electronic control unit generates pulse width modulation (PWM) control signal control after obtaining Current Temperatures and pressure
The opening and closing of three-way magnetic valve, three-way magnetic valve connect condensate line, can control specific gravity of the normal-temperature water in high pressure water rail, from
And realize the adjusting to water temperature in heat-insulated high pressure water rail.In order to guarantee that cylinder injection working medium is in an overheated state, passed using pressure
Sensor acquires in-cylinder combustion pressure process in real time, and the Controlling model by establishing in electronic control unit obtains in real time
Target injection water temperature under different operating conditions.
Compared with prior art, the present invention maintains the injection water temperature moment in an overheated state, and high-temperature high pressure water is sprayed into cylinder
Interior, superheated water dodges anxious boiling, is evaporated to high temperature and high pressure steam rapidly, increases acting working medium, and fully absorb in-cylinder combustion heat release,
Then piston acting is pushed, internal combustion engine thermal efficiency is improved；At the same time, spraying into the ability issued additional rapidly of superheated water in cylinder can be with
It effectively avoids the problem that oil dilution, improves the service life of in-cylinder water injection internal combustion engine, avoid pinking, pre-ignition, and heat water
Heat recycles tail gas energy from heat exchanger, realizes that the acting working medium in combustion process increases, reaches and recycle,
The loss for reducing heat, improves the thermal efficiency of internal combustion engine.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine schematic diagram of cylinder injection superheated water of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is control flow chart of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the corresponding relationship of in-cylinder pressure of the present invention and target injection water temperature；
In figure: 1- air throttle；2- fuel injector；3- pressure sensor；4- spark plug；5- spray nozzle；6- thermocouple；7- rail
Pressure sensor；8- high pressure water rail；9- three-way magnetic valve；10- electronic control unit；11- heat exchanger；12- condenser；13- high pressure
Water pump；14- internal combustion engine cylinders.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig.1, a kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water, including air throttle 1, fuel injector 2, pressure sensor
3, spark plug 4, spray nozzle 5, thermocouple 6, rail pressure sensor 7, high pressure water rail 8, three-way magnetic valve 9, electronic control unit 10,
Heat exchanger 11, condenser 12, high-pressure hydraulic pump 13, internal combustion engine cylinders 14, condenser 12 are connected to the exhaust output of internal combustion engine cylinders
End, 12 output end of condenser connect heat exchanger 11 input terminal and three-way magnetic valve 9 first input end, heat exchanger 11 it is defeated
Outlet connects the second input terminal of three-way magnetic valve 9, and the output end of three-way magnetic valve 9 connects high pressure water rail 8, and high pressure water rail 8 connects
Spray nozzle 5 is connect, the vapor in exhaust gas is condensed into liquid water and recycled by condenser 12, and is pressurizeed by high-pressure hydraulic pump 13
Be transmitted in heat exchanger 11 and heated after to 15-25MPa, heat energy from internal combustion engine high-temperature tail gas, after heating
High pressure water by three-way solenoid valve 9 enter heat-insulated high pressure water rail 8 in save, the temperature and pressure in high pressure water rail 8 are by thermoelectricity
Even 6 and rail pressure sensor 7 acquire, after temperature collection, in electronic control unit 10 by with after the comparison of target injection water temperature, it is real
When control three-way magnetic valve opening and closing, to control the temperature of heat-insulated 8 high temperature high pressure water of high pressure water rail.Maintain the master of injection water temperature
Being in the combustion process under different engine conditions for syllabus, sprays into cylinder for moment high-temperature high pressure water in an overheated state
Interior, superheated water dodges anxious boiling, is evaporated to high temperature and high pressure steam rapidly, increases acting working medium, and fully absorb in-cylinder combustion heat release,
Then piston acting is pushed, internal combustion engine thermal efficiency is improved；At the same time, spraying into the ability issued additional rapidly of superheated water in cylinder can be with
It effectively avoids the problem that oil dilution, improves the service life of in-cylinder water injection internal combustion engine, pass through superheated water in Waste Heat Recovery and cylinder
Injection significantly improves internal combustion engine thermal efficiency.
Fig. 2 determines that the control flow chart of target injection water temperature, pressure sensor sense in cylinder based on real-time pressure in cylinder
Pressure calculates target temperature T by electronic control unittarget=-0.0078P4+0.3173P3-4.9057P2+41.769P+
144.33, target temperature is compared with the actual temperature of superheated water in high pressure water rail, if actual temperature TrailLess than target temperature
Degree, then solenoid valve first input end is closed, if actual temperature is greater than target temperature, solenoid valve first input end is opened, injection
Condensed water, wherein fit equation Ttarget=-0.0078P4+0.3173P3-4.9057P2+ 41.769P+144.33 is by Fig. 3
Target water temperature and cylinder pressure signal relational graph obtain, which is implanted in electronic control unit 10, in real time to high pressure
Water temperature in water rail 8 is compared with target temperature, to generate the opening and closing of pwm control signal control three-way magnetic valve 9, threeway
Solenoid valve 9 is connected to condensate line, can control specific gravity of the normal-temperature water in heat-insulated high pressure water rail 8, thus realize to every
The adjusting of water temperature in thermal high water rail 8.
This hair can be understood and applied the above description of the embodiments is intended to facilitate those skilled in the art
It is bright.Person skilled in the art obviously easily can make various modifications to the embodiment, and described herein one
As principle be applied in other embodiments without having to go through creative labor.Therefore, the present invention is not limited to embodiment here,
Those skilled in the art's announcement according to the present invention, improvement and modification made without departing from the scope of the present invention all should be in this hairs
Within bright protection scope.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water, including internal combustion engine cylinders (14), the internal combustion engine cylinders (14)
Equipped with air throttle (1), fuel injector (2), spark plug (4) and spray nozzle (5), which is characterized in that the structure further includes condenser
(12), heat exchanger (11), three-way magnetic valve (9), high pressure water rail (8) and electronic control unit (10),
The condenser (12) is connected to the exhaust output end of internal combustion engine cylinders (14), the connection heat exchange of condenser (12) output end
The output end of the input terminal of device (11) and the first input end of three-way magnetic valve (9), heat exchanger (11) connects three-way magnetic valve
(9) output end of the second input terminal, three-way magnetic valve (9) connects high pressure water rail (8), and high pressure water rail (8) connects spray nozzle
(5), the air throttle (1), fuel injector (2), spark plug (4), spray nozzle (5) and three-way magnetic valve (9) are all connected with electricity
Sub-control unit (10),
The high pressure water rail (8) is equipped with thermocouple (6) and rail pressure sensor (7), is equipped with pressure sensor in IC engine cylinder body
(3), the thermocouple, rail pressure sensor and pressure sensor connect electronic control unit, and the electronic control unit is set
The control program of with good grounds target injection water temperature control three-way magnetic valve (9) opening and closing, the target controlled in program are sprayed water warm
Degree presses formula Ttarget=-0.0078P4+0.3173P3-4.9057P2+ 41.769P+144.33 is calculated, T in formulatargetIt indicates
Target injection water temperature, P expression in-cylinder pressure, is measured by pressure sensor (3),
When work, the vapor condensing recovery in internal combustion engine cylinders (14) exhaust is transported to heat exchange by the condenser (12)
Device (11) and high-temperature exhaust air exchange heat, and the superheated water after heat exchange is stored in high pressure water rail (8) by three-way magnetic valve (9), finally
It is sprayed into internal combustion engine cylinders (14) through spray nozzle (5).
2. a kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the condensation
High-pressure hydraulic pump (13) are equipped between device (12) and heat exchanger (11), it is defeated that the water outlet of condenser is forced into 15-25MPa by high-pressure hydraulic pump
It is sent to heat exchanger.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611127520.4A CN106677926B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611127520.4A CN106677926B (en) | 2016-12-09 | 2016-12-09 | A kind of Structure of Internal-Combustion Engine of cylinder injection superheated water |
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| CN106677926A CN106677926A (en) | 2017-05-17 |
| CN106677926B true CN106677926B (en) | 2019-03-01 |
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| CN108049940B (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2020-10-02 | 同济大学 | Separation recovery unit of water in internal-combustion engine tail gas |
| CN107989717A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-05-04 | 同济大学 | A kind of diesel engine sprayed water outside cylinder |
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| CN108049987A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-05-18 | 同济大学 | The natural gas engine structure of the double injections of hot water mixing in a kind of outer cold water tank of cylinder |
| CN108049991A (en) * | 2017-09-07 | 2018-05-18 | 同济大学 | The engine block of the double injections of hot water mixing in a kind of outer cold water tank of cylinder |
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| DE102018200091A1 (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2019-07-04 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Water injection device for an internal combustion engine and method for water injection |
| CN108518276A (en) * | 2018-03-26 | 2018-09-11 | 陈平武 | External internal combustion engine |
| DE102018003025A1 (en) * | 2018-04-13 | 2019-10-17 | Mann+Hummel Gmbh | Water distributor for an internal combustion engine |
| CN110219752B (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2021-02-19 | 重庆大学 | HCCI engine combustion cycle fluctuation closed-loop control system based on ionic current and in-cylinder water injection |
| CN111237037B (en) * | 2020-01-14 | 2021-06-29 | 高长生 | High-efficient recycle engine block of heat energy |
| CN113389624A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-09-14 | 重庆大学 | Wankel engine and high-temperature water spraying based tail gas waste heat recovery efficient engine structure |
| CN114673610A (en) * | 2022-03-21 | 2022-06-28 | 东风柳州汽车有限公司 | Air supply system of engine |
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