CN106677756A

CN106677756A - Active fracturing device for coal rock softening and coal rock fracturing construction process

Info

Publication number: CN106677756A
Application number: CN201710132135.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 朱徽; 邓广哲; 贾光明; 郑锐; 孟杰
Original assignee: KORLA JINCHUAN MINING CO Ltd; Xian University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: KORLA JINCHUAN MINING CO Ltd; Xian University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2017-03-07
Filing date: 2017-03-07
Publication date: 2017-05-17
Anticipated expiration: 2037-03-07
Also published as: CN106677756B

Abstract

The invention discloses an active fracturing device for coal rock softening and a coal rock fracturing construction process. The active fracturing device comprises a conveying mechanism and a fracturing mechanism communicated with the conveying mechanism, wherein the conveying mechanism comprises a pipeline and a supply unit, a power unit and an adjusting unit sequentially arranged on the pipeline, and the fracturing mechanism is arranged at the output end of the pipeline. The construction process comprises the steps of fracturing fluid preparation and drilling, pre-compression, hole sealing, fracturing and pressure relief. The active fracturing device is simple in structure and reasonable in design, a dustproof water fracturing fluid or supercritical CO2 active fracturing fluid serves as a fracturing fluid for a coal rock to be fractured, the input cost is low, a fracturing effect is good, fracturing energy can be continuously increased through gas-fluid two-phase circulating conversion of the fracturing fluid, a good fracturing effect is achieved, clay mineral expansion in the coal rock is effectively prevented, the damage of the fracturing fluid to a stratum is decreased, further the permeability of the coal rock to be fractured is further improved, and the construction process is easy to control.

Description

A kind of coal petrography softens active fracturing device and coal petrography pressing crack construction technique

Technical field

The invention belongs to mining engineering and technology field, more particularly, to a kind of coal petrography active fracturing device and coal petrography pressure are softened Split construction technology.

Background technology

China's coal-mine mainly adopts pit mining, and mining conditions are complicated, and working environment is severe, Flood inducing factors are more, particularly Heavily stressed, low-permeable and the mechanical mining containing hard dirt band (tuberculosis) coal petrography, gas pumping, impact disaster and coal dust preventing and treating etc. It is difficult to obtain effect.Permeability Oe Coal And Porous Rock And Fractured Rock depend primarily on the porosity of medium, underbead crack geometric propertieses, fracture fractal dimension, Internal stress-strain state and pore pressure etc., these are considered as the principal element for affecting Permeability Oe Coal And Porous Rock And Fractured Rock, wherein first three It is individual to affect permeability by changing rock interior hole and crack for direct factor, stress-strain state and pore pressure.

Hydraulic fracturing and blast cracking technology are the anti-reflection effective ways of coal petrography, though the overall release of energy is anti-reflection, to a certain degree Raising coal seam breathability and percentage of damage, but its poor for applicability, complex process, workload are big, it is often more important that these are arranged Applying can not solve the hydrophobicity of hypotonic coal petrography, it is impossible to strengthen the permeability and the property of softening of hypotonic coal petrography.It is embodied in：Waterpower pressure Split technology and drilling is pressed into come pressure break coal petrography fracturing fluid by force (forcing) pump, this kind of mode is due to the discharge capacity and its process characteristic of pump Limit, its pressure rise time is oversize, loading velocity is slow, and surge pressure is low, so can be only formed a vertical minimum principal stress The crackle in direction, this crackle is easy to along primary Weak face extend, and is difficult to generate the new crackle perpendicular to aspect, is difficult crackle Communicate with each other, therefore the breathability of coal petrography can not be dramatically increased.Even if water under high pressure can pressure break coal body, with the increasing of crack's volume Plus, the pressure of fracturing fluid is also constantly reduced, rapid loss pressure break action potency.In addition pressure break night ratio is also difficult to control to, and is distributed Also uneven, hydrophilic of coal petrography etc. can also affect the breathability of coal petrography, and its fracturing unit is complicated, and cost is also high, therefore not It is adapted to raising drawing-off gas.Blast cracking technology is that colliery need to be placed in into drilling with safety explosive or high explosive, uses stemming Explosion is implemented in closure, and this mode pressure rise time is short, and surge pressure is high, can produce countless short seams, but due to its blast pressure Far above the yield strength of country rock, cause the wall of a borehole seriously to crush and collapse, residual pressure area " stress cage " is formed, so as to reduce Permeability.Other waterpower extruding measures, including：Hydrodynamic behavior, the release drainage beyond extending stress band, it is adaptable to cherry coal, It is anti-reflection by loosening coal petrography release, it is impossible to be explained with hydraulic fracturing principle；Hydraulic slotted liner technique, is cut by high-pressure water jet in coal petrography Seam release is anti-reflection；High pressure water injection, similar to hydraulic fracturing, but water injection pressure is limited with water injection rate, it is impossible to open big crack or Crack is effectively extended, insertion.

The content of the invention

The technical problem to be solved is for above-mentioned deficiency of the prior art, there is provided a kind of coal petrography softens Active fracturing device, it is its simple structure, reasonable in design and good using easy to operate, using effect, by by dust-proof water fracturing fluid Or supercritical CO₂Active fracturing liquid is used as the fracturing fluid for treating pressure break coal petrography, and input cost is relatively low, and fracturing effect is good, fracturing fluid Gas-liquid two-phase conversion and cycle can continue to increase pressure break energy, realize good fracturing effect, effectively prevent clay in coal petrography The expansion of mineral, reduces injury of the fracturing fluid to stratum, and then improves the permeability for treating pressure break coal petrography, and work progress is easy In control.

To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：Including conveying mechanism and with the conveyer The pressure break mechanism of structure connection, the conveying mechanism includes pipeline and the feeding unit, the power unit that are successively set on pipeline And adjustment unit, the pressure break mechanism is arranged on the outfan of pipeline；

The feeding unit includes first reactor, and pressure break agent feed tube and dust-proof water are provided with the first reactor Feed tube, the adjustment unit includes check valve and the three way cock connected with check valve；

The pressure break mechanism includes with pipeline communication and extend into the pressure break pipe treated in pressure break coal petrography pressure break hole and is arranged on Hole packer on the pressure break pipe, the hole packer includes the first sealing of hole capsule and the second hole sealing glue being arranged in pressure break hole Capsule.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：Also include that connect with first reactor second is anti- Device is answered, supercritical liq CO is provided with the second reactor₂Feed tube.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：The power unit be high pressure fracture pump, the height The rated pressure of pressure fracturing pump is 80MPa~120MPa, and the flow of the high pressure fracture pump is 6m³/ h~14m³/h。

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：The pressure break pipe is located at the first sealing of hole capsule and the Pipeline between two sealing of hole capsules is the releasing section of the pressure break pipe, and multiple release aperture, Duo Gesuo are provided with the releasing section Helically line is laid on the releasing section to state release aperture, and between the releasing section and the inwall in pressure break hole cavity is provided with, and notes Liquid pipe one end is exposed outside pressure break hole, and the liquid injection pipe other end is extend in the cavity through the first sealing of hole capsule.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：The pipeline be wire spirally-wound hose, the steel wire A diameter of 30mm~135mm of spiral rubber hose, the comprcssive strength of the wire spirally-wound hose is all higher than 120MPa；

Two joints of the three way cock with the pipeline communication, another joint of three way cock is provided with Manual voltage regulation is switched.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：It is additionally provided with the pipeline described for discharging The release of pipeline pressure.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterized in that：Also include pressure and stream to the power unit The monitoring means that amount is monitored, the monitoring means include controller and the power module powered for controller, the control The input of device is connected with pressure monitoring module and flow monitoring module, and the outfan of the controller is connected with display module, Power control switch is serially connected between the power module and the controller.

A kind of coal petrography softens active fracturing device carries out the construction technology of pressure break to coal petrography, it is characterised in that the technique bag Include following steps：

Step one, the preparation of fracturing fluid and drilling：

The preparation of step 101, fracturing fluid：

When fracturing fluid is dust-proof water fracturing fluid, the preparation process of the dust-proof water fracturing fluid is：By pressure break agent by pressure Split agent feed tube and send into first reactor, while dust-proof water is sent into into first reactor, mix homogeneously by dust-proof water feed tube After obtain dust-proof water fracturing fluid；Pressure in the first reactor is not less than 7.8MPa, and temperature is 31 DEG C~32 DEG C, the pressure The flow for splitting agent is 0.1L/h~0.5L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 5L/h~6000L/h, the pressure break agent and dust-proof water Incorporation time in the first reactor is no less than 1min；

When fracturing fluid is supercritical CO₂During active fracturing liquid, the supercritical CO₂The preparation process of active fracturing liquid is：Will Pressure break agent sends into first reactor by pressure break agent feed tube, while dust-proof water is sent into into first by dust-proof water feed tube reacting Device, obtains dust-proof water fracturing fluid after mix homogeneously, then the dust-proof water fracturing fluid is sent into into second reactor, while facing super Boundary liquid CO₂By supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube sends into second reactor, and supercritical CO is obtained after mix homogeneously₂Active fracturing Liquid；The supercritical CO₂Supercritical liq CO in active fracturing liquid₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 1%~5%；First reaction Pressure in device and second reactor is not less than 7.8MPa, and temperature is 31 DEG C~32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.1L/h~0.5L/h, the flow of the dust-proof water is 5L/h~6000L/h, and the pressure break agent and dust-proof water are anti-described first Answer the incorporation time and the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO in device₂Incorporation time in the second reactor It is no less than 1min；

Step 102, drilling：Drilled at the pressure break position for treating pressure break coal petrography using drilling tool, obtained multiple pressure break holes, Drilled at pressure break hole 4.5m~5.5m away from each described simultaneously, obtained multiple detection holes, the pressure break hole and detection hole Aperture and depth all same, multiple detection holes with pressure break hole be the center of circle in concentric circular annular lay；

Step 2, precompressed：The second sealing of hole capsule will be arranged on and treat the pressure break between the bottom hole of pressure break coal petrography pressure break hole Pipe one end mounting spray head, the shower nozzle starts power unit away from pressure break hole bottom hole 10m~300m, pressure break hole is carried out pre- Pressure；

Step 3, sealing of hole：The first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule are advanced in pressure break hole, to described first Sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule are inflated respectively, and the pressure break hole is carried out into sealing of hole；

Step 4, pressure break：Fracturing fluid is passed through into pressure break hole by pressure break pipe from feeding unit, the mistake of fracturing fluid is being passed through Cheng Zhong, power unit pressurizes to fracturing fluid, and the fracturing fluid after pressurization is entered by the pressure break hole that pressure break pipe treats pressure break coal petrography Row pressure break；

Step 5, pressure release：After pressure break terminates in step 4, stop power unit and fracturing fluid is pressurizeed, the pipe The release for discharging the pipeline pressure is provided with road, two joints of the three way cock connect with the pipeline Connect, another joint is provided with joint switch, open the joint switch and the release, discharge fracturing fluid.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device carries out the construction technology of pressure break to coal petrography, it is characterized in that：Step 4 Before middle pressure break, when fracturing fluid is dust-proof water fracturing fluid, pressure testing is carried out to first reactor and high pressure fracture pump, when the first reaction After pressure >=7.8MPa in device, the pressure test pressure in first reactor, time is kept to be no less than 10min；When high pressure fracture pump After interior pressure test pressure is more than or equal to the rated pressure of high pressure fracture pump, kept for the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump, time No less than 10min；

In step 4 before pressure break, when fracturing fluid is supercritical CO₂During active fracturing liquid, to first reactor, the second reaction Device and high pressure fracture pump carry out pressure testing, when the pressure in first reactor and second reactor >=7.8MPa after, keep first Pressure test pressure in reactor and second reactor, the time is no less than 10min；When the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump be more than or After rated pressure equal to high pressure fracture pump, the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump, time is kept to be no less than 10min；

In step 4 in fracturing process, when high pressure fracture pump reaches high pressure fracture pump to the frac pressure that fracturing fluid applies After rated pressure, the frac pressure of high pressure fracture pump, time is kept to be no less than 30min.

A kind of above-mentioned coal petrography softens active fracturing device carries out the construction technology of pressure break to coal petrography, it is characterized in that：The pressure Pipe is split positioned at the releasing section that the pipeline between the first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule is the pressure break pipe, on the releasing section It is provided with multiple release aperture, multiple release aperture helically line laying, the releasing section and pressure break hole on the releasing section Inwall between be provided with cavity, liquid injection pipe one end is exposed outside pressure break hole, and the liquid injection pipe other end is stretched through the first sealing of hole capsule Enter in the cavity；

In step 3 sealing of hole, after being inflated respectively to the first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule, by release Hole or liquid injection pipe inject sealing of hole serosity to the cavity.

The present invention has compared with prior art advantages below：

1st, the coal petrography softening active fracturing apparatus structure for being adopted is simple and simple for production, and input cost is relatively low.

2nd, it is reasonable in design that the coal petrography that adopted softens active fracturing apparatus structure, including conveying mechanism and with the conveyer Structure connection pressure break mechanism, the conveying mechanism include pipeline, the power unit being successively set on pipeline, adjustment unit and The feeding unit being connected at the entrance, the pressure break mechanism is connected to the outlet of the pipeline, and connection is easy.

3rd, the dust-proof water fracturing fluid that the fracturing fluid for being adopted mixes for pressure break agent with dust-proof water, or for dust-proof water fracturing fluid With supercritical liq CO₂The supercritical CO of mixing₂Active fracturing liquid, input cost is relatively low, and fracturing effect is good, fracturing fluid gas-liquid Biphase conversion and cycle can continue to increase pressure break energy, realize good fracturing effect.Fracturing fluid injection coal petrography pressure break hole, pressure break During the vaporization of a part of expanded by heating, make frac pressure continue to increase, pressure break crack is constantly extended；With fracturing fluid vapour Change, the increase of caloric receptivity, partial open liquid is changed into low viscous water barrier film, into coal petrography crack proppant is played a part of, The closure in pressure break crack is effectively prevented, and the three-state cycle conversion of fracturing fluid promotes frac pressure to continue to increase, and makes coal petrography Pressure break crack scope constantly extends, until fracturing fluid majority is converted into gaseous state, or free state is present in coal petrography crack or competition is inhaled Invest coal petrography；Face activating agent is dissolved in water, and generates weakly acidic carbonic acid with water reaction, and the reaction can reduce the pH of fracturing fluid Value, effectively prevent the expansion of coal petrography CLAY MINERALS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANCE, reduce injury of the fracturing fluid to stratum, and then pressure break coal petrography is treated in raising Permeability；Meanwhile, the construction technology that coal petrography softening active fracturing device carries out pressure break to coal petrography is simple relative to hydraulic fracturing, Simultaneously there is preferable cooling-down effect to coal petrography, and promote coal petrography CH₄Decompose and absorb, effectively prevent the generation of security incident.

4th, the technique cannot be only used for heavily stressed, low-permeable and the pressure break containing hard dirt band (tuberculosis) coal petrography, but also can For impacting the aspects such as diaster prevention and control, gas pumping.

5th, the coal petrography that adopted softens active fracturing device carries out the construction technology of pressure break to coal petrography, easy construction, quick, Work progress is easily controllable, and can efficiently solve that hydraulic fracturing and blast cracking technology be present with property is poor, complex process, The problems such as workload is big.

6th, the construction technology step is simple, reasonable in design and easy construction, using effect are good, excellent with following several respects Point：Firstth, efficiency of construction is high：Precompressed was carried out before sealing of hole, makes to produce orientation crack in pressure break hole, efficiently control guiding pressure Fracturing fluid pressure break direction in ceasma, is conducive to the softening pressure break of coal petrography, improves the permeability of coal petrography；Secondth, low cost：Pressure break is complete Cheng Hou, carries out pressure release, coal petrography is softened into the fracturing fluid in active fracturing device and is reclaimed, while coal petrography softens active fracturing dress Put and can be repeatedly utilized so that, it is cost-effective, economize on resources；3rd, construction quality can control, and control mixed in fracturing fluid preparation process Conjunction time and flow, it is ensured that the quality of fracturing fluid；Can control what motivation of adjustment unit applied to fracturing fluid by monitoring means Pressure, while by detecting the fracturing fluid whether penetrated in the hole of hole or being judged using portable gas mass concentration detector Pressure break termination whether；4th, working security is high, and the pressure break pipe between the first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule is pressure break The releasing section of pipe, is provided with multiple release aperture on releasing section, multiple release aperture on releasing section helically lay by line；First sealing of hole Be arranged with liquid injection pipe on capsule, one end of liquid injection pipe is arranged on the aperture in pressure break hole, the other end be arranged on the first sealing of hole capsule and Between second sealing of hole capsule, the part between the first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule is sealed, using double hole sealing glues The form of capsule (between the first sealing of hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule)+sealing of hole serosity carries out sealing of hole, it is therefore intended that in pressure break hole Fracturing fluid carry out pressurize (alloing the pressure in pressure break hole persistently to raise), fracturing fluid is from pressure break hole when preventing pressure rise Overflow, the operating personnel of surrounding is damaged.

In sum, present configuration is simple, reasonable in design and good using easy to operate, using effect, can be easy, effective The work progress that coal petrography softens pressure break is completed, and work progress is easily controllable.

Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme is described in further detail.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 2 is the use state schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1.

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Fig. 4 is the use state schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 2.

Fig. 5 is the schematic block circuit diagram of the monitoring means in Example 1 and Example 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is the construction technology process block diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is supercritical CO of the present invention₂FB(flow block) prepared by active fracturing liquid.

Description of reference numerals:

1-1-first reactor；1-2-second reactor；2-pressure break agent feed tube；

3-1-dust-proof water feed tube；3-2-supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube；

4-high pressure fracture pump；5-pipeline；6-pressure break pipe；

7-1-the first sealing of hole capsule；7-2-the second sealing of hole capsule；8-liquid injection pipe；

9-check valve；10-three way cock；11-snap joint；

12-release；13-pressure break hole；14-detection hole；

15-treat pressure break coal petrography；16-pressure monitoring module；17-flow monitoring module；

18-controller；19-power module；20-power control is switched；

21-display module.

Specific embodiment

A kind of coal petrography of the present invention is softened active fracturing device and is described in detail by embodiment 1 and embodiment 2：

Embodiment 1

A kind of coal petrography as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2 softens active fracturing device, including conveying mechanism and with the conveying mechanism The pressure break mechanism of connection, the conveying mechanism includes pipeline 5 and the feeding unit, the power unit that are successively set on pipeline 5 And adjustment unit, the pressure break mechanism is arranged on the outfan of pipeline 5；

The feeding unit includes first reactor 1-1, and pressure break agent feed tube 2 is provided with first reactor 1-1 With dust-proof water feed tube 3-1, the adjustment unit includes check valve 9 and the three way cock 10 that connects with check valve 9；

The pressure break mechanism include connecting with pipeline 5 and extend into the pressure break pipe 6 treated in the pressure break hole 13 of pressure break coal petrography 15 and The hole packer being arranged on the pressure break pipe 6, the hole packer include being arranged on the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 in pressure break hole 13 and Second sealing of hole capsule 7-2.

In the present embodiment, after pressure break agent is mixed with dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1, enter dynamic by pipeline 5 Power unit, after power unit pressurizes to fracturing fluid, fracturing fluid enters pressure break pipe 6 by pipeline 5, treats pressure break coal petrography 15 and enters Row pressure break, softens coal petrography, and then improves the permeability of coal petrography.

When actually used, the power unit is arranged on the input of the pipeline 5.

When actually used, first reactor 1-1 (such as tank reactor and injection reactor) is for realizing liquid-liquid The device of course of reaction.

When actually used, pressure break pipe 6 adopts internal diameter for 50mm, the seamless steel pipe of wall thickness 5mm.

When actually used, pipeline 5 is connected with pressure break pipe 6 by snap joint 11.

The transport establishment and pressure break mechanism to move tank car or mobile tank car as operating platform, when needing to treat pressure break When coal petrography 15 carries out pressure break, coal petrography is softened into active fracturing device and is connected on the operating platform of mobile tank car or mobile tank car Connect, after the completion of connection mobile tank car or mobile tank car are moved to and treat that the work surface of pressure break coal petrography 15 is treated pressure break coal petrography 15 and pressed Split, easy construction and motility is strong.

In the present embodiment, the power unit is high pressure fracture pump 4, and the rated pressure of the high pressure fracture pump 4 is 80MPa ~120MPa, the range of flow of the high pressure fracture pump 4 is 6m³/ h~14m³/h。

In the present embodiment, the pressure break pipe 6 is located at the pipeline between the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 For the releasing section of the pressure break pipe 6, multiple release aperture are provided with the releasing section, multiple release aperture are in the releasing section On helically line lay, cavity is provided between the releasing section and the inwall in pressure break hole 13, the one end of liquid injection pipe 8 is exposed in pressure break Outside hole 13, the other end of liquid injection pipe 8 is extend in the cavity through the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1.

When actually used, before pressure break is carried out to pressure break hole 13, sealing of hole is carried out to pressure break hole 13, first to the first hole sealing glue Capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 is inflated, and then the cavity is sealed, and the mode of sealing has two kinds：Release aperture and note Liquid pipe 8, when carrying out fluid injection using release aperture, sealing serosity is dust-proof water fracturing fluid, easy to use；Noted using liquid injection pipe 8 During liquid, sealing serosity is with the good serosity of sealing, hydrophilic, alternatively dust-proof water fracturing fluid.

When actually used, there is auto-lock function on the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2, when to When one sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 is inflated, the gas in the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 When pressure reaches 5MPa, the auto-lock function of the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 is opened, and is stopped to the first envelope Hole capsule and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are inflated.

The effect of liquid injection pipe 8：One is that the cavity is sealed；Two discharge the sealing slurry in the cavity when being pressure release Liquid.

The purpose of sealing of hole is carried out to pressure break hole 13：Using double sealing of hole capsules (the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule The form of 7-2)+sealing of hole serosity carries out sealing of hole, it is therefore intended that carrying out pressurize to the dust-proof water fracturing fluid in pressure break hole 13 (makes pressure break Pressure in hole 13 can be raised persistently), dust-proof water fracturing fluid overflows from hole when preventing the pressure rise of dust-proof water fracturing fluid, The operating personnel of surrounding is damaged.

Meanwhile, the sealing of hole intensity of hole packer have to be larger than the maximum recoil strength produced in fracturing process, and maximum recoil strength is pressed Following formula is calculated：F_max=0.25 π D2P × 10^-3, in formula：F_max- maximum recoil strength, unit is kN；D-bore diameter, unit is mm；The rated pressure of P-high pressure fracture pump, unit is MPa.

When actually used, treating the pressure break hole 13 of pressure break coal petrography 15 can pass through two kinds of pressure break sides of staged fracturing and full section pressure break Formula：

When staged fracturing, by the distance between the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 and the second sealing of hole The distance between capsule 7-2 and the bottom hole of pressure break hole 13 carry out Discrete control, according to the pressure break demand in actual pressure break hole 13, arrange the After one sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2, to filling after setting the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 Gas, seals the cavity arranged between the releasing section and the inwall in pressure break hole 13, to the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 to the hole of pressure break hole 13 Part between bottom carries out pressure break, and pressure break now is segmented into：The cavity, the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are to the bottom hole of pressure break hole 13 Between part, the cavity realizes the pressure break hole 13 for the treatment of pressure break coal petrography 15 not only as seal section but also as fracturing section Staged fracturing；

When full section pressure break, the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are arranged on into the aperture in pressure break hole 13 Place, after sealing to the cavity, full section pressure is carried out to the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 to the part between the bottom hole of pressure break hole 13 Split, now the cavity is only as seal section.

In the present embodiment, the pipeline 5 is wire spirally-wound hose, a diameter of 30mm of the wire spirally-wound hose~ 135mm, the comprcssive strength of the wire spirally-wound hose is all higher than 120MPa.

Two joints of the three way cock 10 are connected with the pipeline 5, and another joint is provided with tune manually Compress switch.

When actually used, the wire spirally-wound hose of a diameter of 30mm~135mm of the pipeline 5, it is therefore an objective to increase pipeline 5 Intensity, prevent in fracturing process because the pressure of dust-proof water fracturing fluid causes the explosion of pipeline 5.

Two joints of the three way cock 10 are connected with pipeline 5, and another joint is provided with manual voltage regulation and opens Close, in fracturing process, manual voltage regulation switch is closed, and dust-proof water fracturing fluid is treated by pipeline 5 into pressure break pipe 6 Pressure break coal petrography 15 carries out pressure break, and after pressure break terminates, open manual voltage regulation switch carries out pressure release to the dust-proof water fracturing fluid in pipeline 5 The dust-proof water fracturing fluid of discharge line 5 afterwards.

In the present embodiment, the release 12 for discharging the pressure of the pipeline 5 is additionally provided with the pipeline 5.

When actually used, the release 12 is arranged on the pipeline 5 between feeding unit and the power unit, release The effect of device 12 is that after the completion of pressure break, opening release 12 is discharged the pressure of dust-proof water fracturing fluid in pipeline 5, is easy to The recovery of dust-proof water fracturing fluid.

In the present embodiment, the pressure break agent feed tube 2 is provided with the control of the control pressure of pressure break agent feed tube 2 and flow Valve processed, the dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 is provided with the control valve of the control dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 pressure and flow.

The control valve purpose that control pressure and flow are arranged at the pressure break agent feed tube 2, dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 is control Pressure break agent processed and the pressure and flow of dust-proof water, to ensure the content of pressure break agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 and anti- Between seasonable, the dust-proof water fracturing fluid of required mass concentration is finally given.

When actually used, it is again provided with controlling valve, Neng Gougen on the pipeline 5 between feeding unit and the power unit During according to practice of construction, when the pressure break of pressure break coal petrography 15 starts or terminates, pressure break agent and the supply of dust-proof water are controlled.

A kind of coal petrography as shown in Figure 5 softens active fracturing device, also includes pressure and flow to the power unit The monitoring means being monitored, the monitoring means include controller 18 and the power module 19 for the power supply of controller 18, described The input of controller 18 is connected with pressure monitoring module 16 and flow monitoring module 17, the outfan connection of the controller 18 There is display module 21, power control switch 20 is serially connected between the power module 19 and the controller 18.

During practice of construction, the pressure monitoring module 16 can be carried out to the pressure of high pressure fracture pump 4 and flow Real-time monitoring, when carrying out pressure testing and carrying out pressure break to pressure break hole to the high pressure fracture pump 4, it is ensured that in high pressure fracture pump 4 Rated pressure of the pressure test pressure more than or equal to high pressure fracture pump 4；The high pressure pressure is monitored by the flow monitoring module 17 Split the flow of dust-proof water fracturing fluid in pump 4, it is ensured that the supply of dust-proof water fracturing fluid during pressure break is carried out to pressure break hole 13.

Embodiment 2

The present embodiment is as different from Example 1：A kind of coal petrography as shown in Figure 3, Figure 4 softens active fracturing device, institute Using coal petrography soften active fracturing device in, second reactor 1-2 that the feeding unit is connected with first reactor 1-1, Pressure break agent feed tube 2 and dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 are provided with first reactor 1-1, are set in second reactor 1-2 It is equipped with supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube 3-2.

When actually used, first reactor 1-1 (such as tank reactor or injection reactor) and second reactor 1-2 (such as tank reactor or injection reactor) is the device for realizing liquid-liquid course of reaction.

In the present embodiment, the pressure break agent feed tube 2 is provided with the control of the control pressure of pressure break agent feed tube 2 and flow Valve processed, the dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 is provided with the control valve of the control dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 pressure and flow, described Supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube 3-2 is provided with the control supercritical liq CO₂The control valve of feed tube 3-2 pressure and flow.

The control valve purpose that control pressure and flow are arranged at the pressure break agent feed tube 2, dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 is control Pressure break agent processed and the pressure and flow of dust-proof water, to ensure the content of pressure break agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 and anti- Between seasonable, the dust-proof water fracturing fluid of required mass concentration, the supercritical liq CO are finally given₂Feed tube 3-2 is provided with control Make the supercritical liq CO₂The control valve of feed tube 3-2 pressure and flow, it is therefore an objective to control supercritical liq CO₂Pressure and Flow, to ensure the agent of dust-proof water pressure break and supercritical liq CO₂Content and response time in second reactor 1-2, finally Obtain the supercritical CO of required mass concentration₂Active fracturing liquid.

In the present embodiment, after pressure break agent is uniformly mixed with dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1, dust-proof hydraulic pressure is obtained Liquid is split, then by the dust-proof water fracturing fluid for obtaining and supercritical liq CO₂After uniformly being mixed in second reactor 1-2, Obtain supercritical CO₂Active fracturing liquid, supercritical CO₂Active fracturing liquid enters power unit by pipeline 5, and power unit is to pressure Split after liquid pressurizeed, fracturing fluid enters pressure break pipe 6 by pipeline 5, and treating pressure break coal petrography 15 carries out pressure break, softens coal petrography, And then the permeability of raising coal petrography.

A kind of coal petrography pressing crack construction technique of the present invention is described in detail by implementing 3- embodiments 12, wherein, pressure break agent Using the application for a patent for invention of Patent No. 201010107229.7《A kind of active fracturing reagent for softening coal rock》Disclosed in coal Rock softens active fracturing agent：

Embodiment 3

As shown in fig. 6, softening active fracturing device using the coal petrography of embodiment 1 carries out the construction technology of pressure break to coal petrography, The technique is comprised the following steps：

Step one, the preparation of fracturing fluid and drilling：

The preparation process of step 101, dust-proof water fracturing fluid：Pressure break agent is sent into into the first reaction by pressure break agent feed tube 2 Device 1-1, while dust-proof water is sent into into first reactor 1-1 by dust-proof water feed tube 3-1, obtains dust-proof hydraulic pressure after mix homogeneously Split liquid；Pressure in first reactor 1-1 is 7.8MPa, and temperature is 31 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.1L/h, institute The flow for stating dust-proof water is 5L/h, and the incorporation time of the pressure break agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is 1min；

Step 102, drilling：Drilling：Drilled at the pressure break position for treating pressure break coal petrography 15 using drilling tool, obtained multiple Pressure break hole 13, while being drilled at pressure break hole 134.5m~5.5m away from each described, obtains multiple detection holes 14, the pressure Aperture and depth all same of the ceasma 13 with detection hole 14, multiple detection holes 14 are the center of circle in the annular cloth of concentric circular with pressure break hole 13 If；

Step 2, precompressed：The second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 will be arranged on and treat the institute between the bottom hole of 15 pressure break hole of pressure break coal petrography 13 One end mounting spray head of pressure break pipe 6 is stated, the shower nozzle starts power unit, to pressure break away from bottom hole 10m of the pressure break hole 13~300m Hole 13 carries out precompressed；

Step 3, sealing of hole：The first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are advanced in pressure break hole 13, it is right The first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are inflated respectively, and the pressure break hole 13 is carried out into sealing of hole；

Step 4, pressure break：Fracturing fluid is passed through into the pressure break hole 13 of step 102 by pressure break pipe 6 from feeding unit, logical During entering fracturing fluid, power unit pressurizes to fracturing fluid, and the fracturing fluid after pressurization treats pressure break coal by pressure break pipe 6 The pressure break hole 13 of rock 15 carries out pressure break；

Step 5, pressure release：After pressure break terminates in step 4, stop power unit and fracturing fluid is pressurizeed, the pipe Be provided with the release 12 for discharging the pressure of the pipeline 5 on road 5, two joints of the three way cock 10 with the pipe Road 5 connects, and another joint is provided with joint switch, opens the joint switch and the release 12, discharges pressure break Liquid.

In the present embodiment, the dust-proof water is the waste water that domestic water or bank were processed.

Coal petrography softens active fracturing device carries out the construction technology of the construction technology relative to hydraulic fracturing of pressure break to coal petrography Simply, while having preferable cooling-down effect to coal petrography, and coal petrography CH is promoted₄Decompose the advantages such as absorption, effectively prevent gas Blast, reduces coal mining accident protection miner's personal safety.

In the present embodiment step 102, during actual borehole, the diameter and hole depth in pressure break hole 13 and detection hole 14 is by treating pressure break coal The structure type of rock 15, thickness and face length parameter determination, in the present embodiment, pressure break hole 13 is with the depth in detection hole 14 10m~300m, a diameter of 5m.

In the present embodiment step 2, the purpose of precompressed is that the initial pressure break for being conducive to pressure break is produced in pressure break hole 13 Gap, even if treating pressure break coal petrography 15 is oriented pressure break, has saved the consumption and pressure break energy of dust-proof water fracturing fluid, improves pressure Split quality.

In the present embodiment step 3, the pressure break pipe 6 is located between the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 Pipeline be the pressure break pipe 6 releasing section, multiple release aperture are provided with the releasing section, multiple release aperture are described Helically line is laid on releasing section, and cavity is provided between the releasing section and the inwall in pressure break hole 13, and the one end of liquid injection pipe 8 is exposed Outside pressure break hole 13, the other end of liquid injection pipe 8 is extend in the cavity through the first sealing of hole capsule 7-1；To first sealing of hole After capsule 7-1 and the second sealing of hole capsule 7-2 are inflated respectively, sealing of hole is injected by release aperture or the cavity of liquid injection pipe 8 pairs Serosity, the liquid injection port of liquid injection pipe 8 is provided with valve, when needing the cavity to be sealed, opens valve by liquid injection port and institute The service 5 that serosity need to be sealed connects, and after sealing terminates valve is closed, and after the completion of pressure break, opens valve, by sealing slurry Liquid is discharged.

In the present embodiment step 4, during actual pressure break, treat pressure break coal petrography 15 pressure break hole 13 can by staged fracturing and Two kinds of pressure break modes of full section pressure break：

The present embodiment, the condition of pressure release can be carried out in step 5 three kinds of determination methods：

The first determination methods is：There is the coal petrography that fracturing fluid overflows explanation institute pressure break to reach at the aperture in detection hole 14 Fracturing effect；

Second determination methods be：Before step 4 pressure break, at the detection aperture of hole 14 Portable gas weight is adopted Concentration detector, CO at the detection detection aperture of hole 14₂And CH₄Mass concentration, work as CO in the concrete fracturing process of step 4₂ And CH₄Mass concentration increase by 1%；

The third determination methods is：It is monitored by the pressure to high pressure fracture pump 4 of mechanism for monitoring, in pressure break pore pressure During splitting, the pressure value bust of high pressure fracture pump 4；

There is any one in three cases above, closes power unit, and stopping presses to fracturing fluid, stops pressure break, Carry out pressure release.

In the present embodiment, pressure break coal petrography is treated as pressure break using the dust-proof water fracturing fluid after pressure break agent and dust-proof water hybrid reaction 15 medium, is transported dust-proof water fracturing fluid to mine using mobile tank car or mobile tank car, will be anti-using high pressure fracture pump 4 Dirt water fracturing fluid injection pressure break hole 13, and dust-proof water fracturing fluid in pressure break hole 13 is pressed, in the orientation pressure that precompressed is produced Intrinsic pressure effect is produced to the wall surface of the hole in pressure break hole 13 in the plane of weakness of crack, cause the plane of weakness generation of directional fracturing crack extend, extend, So that there is connection insertion each other, the insertion Fracture Networks being interweaved are formed, realize big to coal petrography hardness factor and contain The safe pressure break of hard dirt band (tuberculosis) coal petrography, increases the cranny development of coal petrography, reaches raising Permeability Oe Coal And Porous Rock And Fractured Rock, mine volume increase and carries The purpose of high lump coal output capacity.

In the present embodiment, the power unit is high pressure fracture pump 4, and the rated pressure of the high pressure fracture pump 4 is 80MPa ~120MPa, the range of flow of the high pressure fracture pump 4 is 6m³/ h~14m³/h；

In step 4 before pressure break, when fracturing fluid is dust-proof water fracturing fluid, to first reactor 1-1 and high pressure fracture pump 4 Pressure testing is carried out, after pressure >=7.8MPa in first reactor 1-1, is kept for the pressure test pressure in first reactor 1-1, time No less than 10min；After rated pressure of the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump 4 more than or equal to high pressure fracture pump 4, keep high Pressure test pressure in pressure fracturing pump 4, the time is no less than 10min；

In step 4 in fracturing process, the pressure of high pressure fracture pump 4 is monitored by the pressure monitoring module 16, After high pressure fracture pump 4 reaches the rated pressure of high pressure fracture pump 4 to the frac pressure that fracturing fluid applies, high pressure fracture pump is kept 4 frac pressure, the time is no less than 30min.

During practice of construction, to adopting portable pressure pump to carry out adding to first reactor 1-1 during the pressure testing of first reactor 1-1 Pressure, after making the pressure >=7.8MPa in first reactor 1-1, keeps the pressure test pressure in first reactor 1-1, time to be no less than 10min, it is therefore an objective to check first reactor 1-1 with the presence or absence of defect, prevent the pressure break on later stage pressure break hole 13 from producing impact.

During practice of construction, when pressure testing is carried out to the high pressure fracture pump 4, by the pressure monitoring module 16 to high pressure The pressure test pressure of fracturing pump 4 is monitored, and pressure break high pressure pressure when pressure break coal petrography 15 is to determine to the pressure testing purpose of high pressure fracture pump 4 The pressure pressure limit of pump 4 is split, while detecting that coal petrography softens safety, the suitability and the sealing of the connection of active fracturing device.

Embodiment 4

The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is：Pressure in step 101, in first reactor 1-1 is 15MPa, temperature is 31 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 100L/h, the pressure break agent It is 1.5min with incorporation time of the dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1.

Embodiment 5

The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is：Pressure in step 101, in first reactor 1-1 is 20MPa, temperature is 31.5 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.5L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 1000L/h, the pressure The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is split for 3min.

Embodiment 6

The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is：Pressure in step 101, in first reactor 1-1 is 20MPa, temperature is 32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 3000L/h, the pressure break The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is 4min.

Embodiment 7

The present embodiment difference from Example 3 is：Pressure in step 101, in first reactor 1-1 is 40MPa, temperature is 32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 6000L/h, the pressure break The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is 3min.

Embodiment 8

As shown in fig. 6, in the present embodiment, soften active fracturing device using the coal petrography of embodiment 2 carries out pressure break to coal petrography Construction technology be：

Step one, the preparation of fracturing fluid and drilling：

The preparation process of step 101, dust-proof water fracturing fluid：Supercritical CO₂The preparation process of active fracturing liquid：By pressure break agent First reactor 1-1 is sent into by pressure break agent feed tube 2, while it is anti-that dust-proof water is sent into into first by dust-proof water feed tube 3-1 Device 1-1 is answered, dust-proof water fracturing fluid is obtained after mix homogeneously, then the dust-proof water fracturing fluid is sent into into second reactor 1-2, together When by supercritical liq CO₂By supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube 3-2 sends into second reactor 1-2, is surpassed after mix homogeneously Critical CO₂Active fracturing liquid；The supercritical CO₂Supercritical liq CO in active fracturing liquid₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 1%；Institute State the pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 and be 7.8MPa, temperature is 31 DEG C, the stream of the pressure break agent Measure as 0.1L/h, the flow of the dust-proof water is 5L/h, and the pressure break agent and dust-proof water are mixed in first reactor 1-1 Conjunction time and the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂Incorporation time in second reactor 1-2 is 1min, refers to Fig. 7；

Supercritical CO₂The characteristic of active fracturing liquid：Supercritical CO₂Active fracturing liquid is being waited to press compared with traditional fracturing fluid Splitting the diffusibility in coal petrography 15 increases by 100 times, and viscosity reduces by 20~100 times, and severe reduces by 2~3 times；Supercritical CO₂Activity pressure The viscosity of liquid is split close to gas, surface tension is very low, close to zero, easily flow and the coefficient of friction resistance is low, be not result in coal petrography Expansion, can avoid water-blocking effect and wettability reversal, reduce supercritical CO₂Injury of the active fracturing liquid to stratum, and then Improve the permeability of coal storage layer；Meanwhile, supercritical CO₂Anti- row is rapid and thorough for active fracturing liquid, is a kind of cleaning of Low Damage Fracturing fluid.

Supercritical CO₂Active fracturing liquid diffusivity in pressure break coal petrography 15 is treated is strong, and penetrating power is strong, easily produces a large amount of Microfissure network, it is possible to increase permeability and CH₄Deaeration ability, reduces supercritical CO₂The sensitivity of active fracturing liquid, is reduced Supercritical CO₂The aequum of active fracturing liquid, reduces supercritical liq CO₂Demand, it is therefore prevented that caused by coal petrography pressure break The secondary emission pollution of greenhouse gases, meanwhile, it is capable to pre- protecting against shock disaster, reduces coal dust, prevents gas and coal petrography spontaneous combustion Deng.

In step 4 before pressure break, when fracturing fluid is supercritical CO₂During active fracturing liquid, to first reactor 1-1, second anti- Answer device 1-2 and high pressure fracture pump 4 to carry out pressure testing, when the pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 >=7.8MPa Afterwards, first reactor 1-1 and the pressure test pressure in second reactor 1-2, time is kept to be no less than 10min；When high pressure fracture pump 4 After interior pressure test pressure is more than or equal to the rated pressure of high pressure fracture pump 4, the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump 4 is kept, when Between be no less than 10min；

During practice of construction, to when first reactor 1-1 and the pressure testing of second reactor 1-2 using portable pressure pump to the One reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 are pressurizeed, make the pressure of first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 >= After 7.8MPa, first reactor 1-1 and the pressure test pressure in second reactor 1-2, time is kept to be no less than 10min, it is therefore an objective to Inspection first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 whether there is defect, prevent the pressure break to later stage pressure break hole 13 from producing shadow Ring.

Embodiment 9

The present embodiment difference from Example 8 is：In step 101, the supercritical CO₂Surpass in active fracturing liquid and face Boundary liquid CO₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 3%；Pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 is 15MPa, temperature is 31 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 100L/h, the pressure break The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 and the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂ Incorporation time in second reactor 1-2 is 1.5min.

Embodiment 10

The present embodiment difference from Example 8 is：In step 101, the supercritical CO₂Surpass in active fracturing liquid and face Boundary liquid CO₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 5%；Pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 is 20MPa, temperature is 32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.5L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 1000L/h, the pressure The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is split with the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂ Incorporation time in second reactor 1-2 is 3min.

Embodiment 11

The present embodiment difference from Example 8 is：In step 101, the supercritical CO₂Surpass in active fracturing liquid and face Boundary liquid CO₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 3%；Pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 is 30MPa, temperature is 31.5 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 3000L/h, described The incorporation time of pressure break agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 and the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂Incorporation time in second reactor 1-2 is 4min.

Embodiment 12

The present embodiment difference from Example 8 is：In step 101, the supercritical CO₂Surpass in active fracturing liquid and face Boundary liquid CO₂Weight/mass percentage composition be 5%；Pressure in first reactor 1-1 and second reactor 1-2 is 40MPa, temperature is 32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.3L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 6000L/h, the pressure The incorporation time of agent and dust-proof water in first reactor 1-1 is split with the dust-proof water fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂ Incorporation time in second reactor 1-2 is 3min.

The above, is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and not the present invention is imposed any restrictions, every according to the present invention Any simple modification, change and equivalent structure change that technical spirit is made to above example, still fall within skill of the present invention In the protection domain of art scheme.

Claims

1. a kind of coal petrography softens active fracturing device, it is characterised in that：Connect including conveying mechanism and with the conveying mechanism Pressure break mechanism, the conveying mechanism include pipeline (5) and be successively set on pipeline (5) feeding unit, power unit and Adjustment unit, the pressure break mechanism is arranged on the outfan of pipeline (5)；

The feeding unit includes first reactor (1-1), and on the first reactor (1-1) pressure break agent feed tube is provided with (2) and dust-proof water feed tube (3-1), the adjustment unit includes check valve (9) and the three way cock connected with check valve (9) (10)；

The pressure break mechanism includes the pressure break pipe treated in pressure break coal petrography (15) pressure break hole (13) is connected and extend into pipeline (5) (6) and the hole packer that is arranged on the pressure break pipe (6), the hole packer includes the first sealing of hole being arranged in pressure break hole (13) Capsule (7-1) and the second sealing of hole capsule (7-2).

2. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Also include and the first reaction The second reactor (1-2) of device (1-1) connection, on the second reactor (1-2) supercritical liq CO is provided with₂Feed tube (3-2)。

3. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The power unit For high pressure fracture pump (4), the rated pressure of the high pressure fracture pump (4) is 80MPa~120MPa, the high pressure fracture pump (4) Range of flow be 6m³/ h~14m³/h。

4. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The pressure break pipe (6) Pipeline between the first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) and the second sealing of hole capsule (7-2) for the pressure break pipe (6) releasing section, institute State and be provided with releasing section multiple release aperture, multiple release aperture on the releasing section helically lay by line, the release Be provided with cavity between section and the inwall of pressure break hole (13), liquid injection pipe (8) one end it is exposed in pressure break hole (13) outward, liquid injection pipe (8) The other end is extend in the cavity through the first sealing of hole capsule (7-1).

5. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that：The pipeline (5) is Wire spirally-wound hose, a diameter of 30mm~135mm of the wire spirally-wound hose, the comprcssive strength of the wire spirally-wound hose is equal More than 120MPa；

Two joints of the three way cock (10) are connected with the pipeline (5), another joint of three way cock (10) Place is provided with manual voltage regulation switch.

6. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 1, it is characterised in that：Set on the pipeline (5) It is equipped with the release (12) for discharging the pipeline (5) pressure.

7. active fracturing device is softened according to a kind of coal petrography described in claim 3, it is characterised in that：Also include to the power The monitoring means that the pressure and flow of unit is monitored, the monitoring means include controller (18) and supply for controller (18) The power module (19) of electricity, the input of the controller (18) is connected with pressure monitoring module (16) and flow monitoring module (17), the outfan of the controller (18) is connected with display module (21), the power module (19) and the controller (18) power control switch (20) is serially connected between.

8. a kind of a kind of utilization coal petrography as claimed in claim 7 softens active fracturing device carries out the construction work of pressure break to coal petrography Skill, it is characterised in that the technique is comprised the following steps：

Step one, the preparation of fracturing fluid and drilling：

The preparation of step 101, fracturing fluid：

When fracturing fluid is dust-proof water fracturing fluid, the preparation process of the dust-proof water fracturing fluid is：Pressure break agent is passed through into pressure break agent Feed tube (2) sends into first reactor (1-1), while dust-proof water is sent into into first reactor by dust-proof water feed tube (3-1) (1-1), dust-proof water fracturing fluid is obtained after mix homogeneously；Pressure in the first reactor (1-1) is not less than 7.8MPa, temperature For 31 DEG C~32 DEG C, the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.1L/h~0.5L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 5L/h~6000L/ H, the incorporation time of the pressure break agent and dust-proof water in the first reactor (1-1) is no less than 1min；

When fracturing fluid is supercritical CO₂During active fracturing liquid, the supercritical CO₂The preparation process of active fracturing liquid is：By pressure break Agent sends into first reactor (1-1) by pressure break agent feed tube (2), while dust-proof water is sent by dust-proof water feed tube (3-1) Enter first reactor (1-1), dust-proof water fracturing fluid is obtained after mix homogeneously, then the dust-proof water fracturing fluid is sent into into second anti- Device (1-2) is answered, while by supercritical liq CO₂By supercritical liq CO₂Feed tube (3-2) sends into second reactor (1-2), Supercritical CO is obtained after mix homogeneously₂Active fracturing liquid；The supercritical CO₂Supercritical liq CO in active fracturing liquid₂Quality Percentage composition is 1%~5%；Pressure in the first reactor (1-1) and second reactor (1-2) is not less than 7.8MPa, temperature is 31 DEG C~32 DEG C, and the flow of the pressure break agent is 0.1L/h~0.5L/h, and the flow of the dust-proof water is 5L/h~6000L/h, the incorporation time of the pressure break agent and dust-proof water in the first reactor (1-1) and the dust-proof water Fracturing fluid and supercritical liq CO₂Incorporation time in the second reactor (1-2) is no less than 1min；

Step 102, drilling：Drilled at the pressure break position for treating pressure break coal petrography (15) using drilling tool, obtained multiple pressure break holes (13), while being drilled at pressure break hole (13) 4.5m~5.5m away from each described, multiple detection holes (14), the pressure are obtained Aperture and depth all same of the ceasma (13) with detection hole (14), multiple detection holes (14) are the center of circle in concentric with pressure break hole (13) Annular is laid；

Step 2, precompressed：The second sealing of hole capsule (7-2) will be arranged on and treated between pressure break coal petrography (15) pressure break hole (13) bottom hole Described pressure break pipe (6) one end mounting spray head, the shower nozzle starts power unit away from pressure break hole (13) bottom hole 10m~300m, Precompressed is carried out to pressure break hole (13)；

Step 3, sealing of hole：The first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) and the second sealing of hole capsule (7-2) are advanced in pressure break hole (13), The first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) and the second sealing of hole capsule (7-2) are inflated respectively, the pressure break hole (13) is sealed Hole；

Step 4, pressure break：Fracturing fluid is passed through into pressure break hole (13) by pressure break pipe (6) from feeding unit, fracturing fluid is being passed through During, power unit pressurizes to fracturing fluid, and the fracturing fluid after pressurization treats pressure break coal petrography (15) by pressure break pipe (6) Pressure break hole (13) carry out pressure break；

Step 5, pressure release：After pressure break terminates in step 4, stop power unit and fracturing fluid is pressurizeed, the pipeline (5) On be provided with release (12) for discharging the pipeline (5) pressure, two joints of the three way cock (10) are and institute Pipeline (5) connection is stated, another joint is provided with joint switch, opens the joint switch and the release (12), Discharge fracturing fluid.

9. according to the technique described in claim 8, it is characterised in that：In step 4 before pressure break, when fracturing fluid is dust-proof water pressure break During liquid, pressure testing is carried out to first reactor (1-1) and high pressure fracture pump (4), when the pressure in first reactor (1-1) >= After 7.8MPa, the pressure test pressure in first reactor (1-1), time is kept to be no less than 10min；When in high pressure fracture pump (4) After pressure test pressure is more than or equal to the rated pressure of high pressure fracture pump (4), the pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump (4) is kept, when Between be no less than 10min；

In step 4 before pressure break, when fracturing fluid is supercritical CO₂During active fracturing liquid, to first reactor (1-1), the second reaction Device (1-2) and high pressure fracture pump (4) carry out pressure testing, when the pressure in first reactor (1-1) and second reactor (1-2) >= After 7.8MPa, first reactor (1-1) and the pressure test pressure in second reactor (1-2), time is kept to be no less than 10min；When After pressure test pressure in high pressure fracture pump (4) is more than or equal to the rated pressure of high pressure fracture pump (4), high pressure fracture pump is kept (4) pressure test pressure in, the time is no less than 10min；

In step 4 in fracturing process, when high pressure fracture pump (4) reaches high pressure fracture pump (4) to the frac pressure that fracturing fluid applies Rated pressure after, keep high pressure fracture pump (4) frac pressure, the time be no less than 30min.

10. according to the technique described in claim 8, it is characterised in that：The pressure break pipe (6) is positioned at the first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) And second the pipeline between sealing of hole capsule (7-2) be the releasing section of the pressure break pipe (6), multiple releasing is provided with the releasing section Discharge hole, multiple release aperture on the releasing section helically lay by line, the inwall in the releasing section and pressure break hole (13) it Between be provided with cavity, liquid injection pipe (8) one end it is exposed in pressure break hole (13) outward, liquid injection pipe (8) other end passes through the first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) it extend in the cavity；

In step 3 sealing of hole, after being inflated respectively to the first sealing of hole capsule (7-1) and the second sealing of hole capsule (7-2), lead to Cross release aperture or liquid injection pipe (8) and sealing of hole serosity is injected to the cavity.