CN106674944A - 一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法 - Google Patents

一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法 Download PDF

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CN106674944A
CN106674944A CN201611107966.0A CN201611107966A CN106674944A CN 106674944 A CN106674944 A CN 106674944A CN 201611107966 A CN201611107966 A CN 201611107966A CN 106674944 A CN106674944 A CN 106674944A
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unsaturated polyester
polyester composite
separating medium
expansion
temperature
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句红兵
刘剑
谭立
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YUNNAN PHOTOELECTRIC AUXILIARY MATERIAL CO Ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J11/00—Recovery or working-up of waste materials
    • C08J11/04—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers
    • C08J11/06—Recovery or working-up of waste materials of polymers without chemical reactions
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/14—Glass
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00—Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/06—Unsaturated polyesters
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62—Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法。这种不饱和聚酯复合材料含有一定量的分离剂。加热分解回收时,分离剂体积膨胀，以膨胀之力导致不饱和聚酯复合材料强度下降，便于不饱和聚酯复合材料分解回收。

Description

一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法
技术领域
本发明涉及树脂基复合材料废弃物处理及回收利用领域，尤其是一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法。
背景技术
复合材料是由两种或两种以上物理和化学性质不同的物质组合而成的一种多相固体材料。复合材料的组分材料虽然保持其相对独立性，但复合材料的性能却不是组分材料性能的简单加和，而是有着重要的改进。在复合材料中，通常有一相为连续相，称为基体;另一相为分散相，称为增强相(增强材料)。分散相是以独立的形态分布在整个连续相中的，两相之间存在着相界面。分散相可以是增强纤维，也可以是颗粒状或弥散的填料。不饱和聚酯复合材料以不饱和聚酯树脂为基体，以碳纤维、玻璃纤维、玄武岩纤维等纤维为增强材料而组成。
不饱和聚酯复合材料广泛应用于体育休闲、游艇等行业，因为不饱和聚酯复合材料常采用玻璃纤维为增强材料，故又称之为玻璃钢。
工业材料的回收再利用有助于整个工业进程的可持续发展。玻璃纤维等增强材料及不饱和聚酯树脂回收利用及处理技术非常成熟，但增强材料与不饱和聚酯树脂强强联合性能互补后，强度提高，很难回收利用与处理，增强材料与不饱和聚酯树脂分离是不饱和聚酯复合材料废弃物回收利用及处理的关键。
目前，欧美日等发达国家处理不饱和聚酯复合材料废弃物的方法不尽相同，总的来说，可以分为下面三类方法:化学回收、能量回收和物理回收，但无论那种方法都需将废弃物进行粉碎。目前，我国对不饱和聚酯复合材料废弃物主要处理方法:先通过收集废弃物，采取集中填埋和焚烧的方法。填埋原则上通常选择在山沟或荒地，也有些单位采取就近掩埋。这种方法造成土壤的破坏和大量土地的浪费。焚烧一般采用直接燃烧，这种方法比较简单，不会造成土地浪费，但由于燃烧中产生大量毒气，造成环境污染。近几年来，随着社会对环保意识的增强，我国已开始着手对复合材料废弃物回收再利用进行研究分析。北京玻璃钢研究设计院承担了国家科技部“热固性树脂基复合材料综合处理与再生技术研究项目”的研究工作，并研制生产了SCP -640型玻璃钢专用破碎机中，在对以不饱和聚酯复合材料为代表的树脂基复合材料粉碎的基础上，通过与水泥、电厂联合采用焚烧的方式处理废弃物，一定程度缓解了不饱和聚酯复合材料对环境的污染，但不饱和聚酯复合材料中的还有利用价值的玻璃纤维等增强材料还是得不到再利回收运用。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于，解决现有不饱和聚酯复合材料回收利用处理成本高、存在二次污染风险的问题，提供一种低成本无污染的不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法。
本发明公开了一种不饱和聚酯复合材料，这种由不饱和聚酯树脂、促进剂、引发剂、增强材料的组成不饱和聚酯复合材料，还含有分离剂。分离剂包括但不限于发泡微胶囊、发泡剂；分离剂达到敏感温度时，发生膨胀，膨胀之后体积为膨胀之前体积的2倍以上；分离剂敏感温度较不饱和聚酯复合材料最高工艺温度及最高工作温度两者中最高温度高15℃以上；分离剂质量为不饱和聚酯树脂与固化剂质量之和的0.5%—100%。分解本发明不饱和聚酯复合材料的方法如下：
(1)加热不饱和聚酯复合材料至分离剂敏感温度以上；
(2)分离剂体积膨胀，以膨胀之力致不饱和聚酯复合材料强度下降；
(3) 不饱和聚酯复合材料降至室温后分解回收。
具体实施方式
下面结合具休实施事例，进一步阐述本发明。应理解为，这些实施例仅用于说明本发明而不用于限制本发明的范围。此外应理解，在阅读了本发明讲授的内容之后，本领域技术人员可以对本发明做出的各种改动或修改，这些等价形式仍属于本发明申请所附权利要求书所限定的范围。
实施例1
将100克191#不饱和聚酯树脂、1.5克过氧化环己酮、2克环烷酸钴、4克F-30发泡微胶囊混合均匀，通过手糊成型法渗透3层碳纤维布（3K）,完全固化，制备成碳纤维复合材料试样。
将碳纤维复合材料试样，放入烘箱中于110℃下烘烤2小时，F-30可膨胀微胶囊膨胀，以膨胀之力破坏不饱和聚酯树脂固化物，导致碳纤维布与不饱和聚酯树脂固化物分离，实现碳纤维布的回收。
实施例2
将200克3301不饱和聚酯树脂、7克过氧化环己酮、4克环烷酸钴、50克AC发泡剂混合均匀，制成不饱和聚酯树脂胶备用。通过真空灌注方法将配好不饱和聚酯树脂胶渗透3层碳纤维布（3K）,完全固化，制备成碳纤维复合材料试样。
将碳纤维复合材料试样，放入烘箱中于180℃下烘烤2小时，AC发泡剂发泡膨胀，以膨胀之力破坏环氧固化物，导致碳纤维布与环氧固化物分离，实现碳纤维布的回收。
实施例3
将20克191#不饱和聚酯树脂、0.1克过氧化甲酮、0.4克环烷酸钴、5克DU980发泡微胶囊机械搅拌混合均匀，制成不饱和聚酯胶备用。通过手糊成型法将不饱和聚酯胶渗透3层玻璃纤维布，完全固化，制备成玻璃纤维复合材料试样。
将玻璃纤维复合材料试样，放入烘箱中于200℃下烘烤3小时，DU980发泡微胶囊发泡膨胀，以膨胀之力破坏不饱和聚酯固化物，导致玻璃纤维布与不饱和聚酯固化物分离，实现玻璃纤维布的回收。

Claims (7)

1.一种不饱和聚酯复合材料，由不饱和聚酯树脂、促进剂、引发剂、增强材料组成，其特征在于：所述不饱和聚酯复合材料还含有分离剂。
2.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：所述的分离剂达到敏感温度时，发生膨胀，膨胀之后体积为膨胀之前体积的2倍以上。
3.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：所述的分离剂敏感温度较不饱和聚酯复合材料最高工艺温度及最高工作温度两者中最高温度高15℃以上。
4.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：分离剂包括发泡微胶囊。
5.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：分离剂包括发泡。
6.根据权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：所述的分离剂质量为不饱和聚酯树脂与固化剂质量之和的0.5%—100%。
7.分解回收如权利要求1所述的不饱和聚酯复合材料，其特征在于：
(1)加热不饱和聚酯复合材料至分离剂敏感温度以上；
(2)分离剂体积膨胀，以膨胀之力致不饱和聚酯复合材料强度下降；
(3) 不饱和聚酯复合材料降至室温后分解回收。
CN201611107966.0A 2016-12-06 2016-12-06 一种不饱和聚酯复合材料及其分解回收方法 Pending CN106674944A (zh)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1095909A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-14 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物及び不飽和ポリエステル樹脂成形体の製造方法
CN101679828A (zh) * 2007-04-11 2010-03-24 陶氏环球技术公司 耐热性结构环氧树脂

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH1095909A (ja) * 1996-09-25 1998-04-14 Sekisui Chem Co Ltd 不飽和ポリエステル樹脂組成物及び不飽和ポリエステル樹脂成形体の製造方法
CN101679828A (zh) * 2007-04-11 2010-03-24 陶氏环球技术公司 耐热性结构环氧树脂

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Application publication date: 20170517