CN106673485B - Waterproof agent, waterproof anti-cracking mortar and self-waterproof building structure - Google Patents

Waterproof agent, waterproof anti-cracking mortar and self-waterproof building structure Download PDF

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CN106673485B
CN106673485B CN201710014990.8A CN201710014990A CN106673485B CN 106673485 B CN106673485 B CN 106673485B CN 201710014990 A CN201710014990 A CN 201710014990A CN 106673485 B CN106673485 B CN 106673485B
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waterproof
parts
agent
component
water
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CN106673485A (en
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王冲
李治伟
邹胜斌
李光贵
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Keheng magnesium crystal (Chongqing) Construction Technology Co.,Ltd.
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Chongqing Zhong Gao Building Technology Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B40/00Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
    • C04B40/0028Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
    • C04B40/0039Premixtures of ingredients
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B28/00Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
    • C04B28/02Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
    • C04B28/04Portland cements
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2103/00Function or property of ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone
    • C04B2103/60Agents for protection against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2103/65Water proofers or repellants
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04BLIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B2111/00Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
    • C04B2111/20Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
    • C04B2111/27Water resistance, i.e. waterproof or water-repellent materials

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a waterproof agent, waterproof anti-cracking mortar and a self-waterproof building structure, wherein the waterproof agent is prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of a hydrophobic component, 10-20 parts of a nano material component, 1-5 parts of an air entraining component and 30-50 parts of a dispersing component; the waterproof agent can be mixed with mortar and concrete, so that the mortar and the concrete have waterproof and anti-permeability performances, the waterproof quality of constructional engineering is improved, the service life of the constructional engineering is prolonged, a waterproof layer and a protective layer are not separately arranged, the construction process is greatly simplified, the construction period is saved, and the engineering cost is reduced.

Description

Waterproof agent, waterproof anti-cracking mortar and self-waterproof building structure
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building waterproofing, in particular to a waterproof agent, waterproof anti-crack mortar based on the waterproof agent and a self-waterproof building structure based on the waterproof anti-crack mortar.
Background
In order to ensure the comfort and functionality requirements of people in daily life and working space, waterproof and anti-permeability measures are carried out on the leveling layer on the bathroom ground, the inner wall surface, the kitchen ground, the wall surface and the roof structure layer and the flashing between the leveling layer and the parapet wall, normally, polymer waterproof mortar is coated on the surface of common reinforced concrete or SBS coiled materials are pasted, as time goes on, the common concrete is easy to crack and the waterproof measures attached to the surface of the common concrete are damaged, so that water seepage is caused, the indoor decorative layer is mildewed and falls off, in addition, most of the functional components of the waterproof layer attached to the material of the concrete are organic matters and are thin, and the waterproof layer is easy to age in the alkaline environment of the concrete and loses the waterproof function. According to the traditional structure, a waterproof measure needs to be carried out after concrete pouring is finished, and then a mortar protective layer needs to be laid on the surface of the traditional structure, so that the waterproof layer is prevented from being damaged in subsequent construction, the construction time is long in multiple times of construction, the construction process is complex, the quality control points are numerous, the engineering quality is not easy to guarantee, and the engineering cost performance is relatively low.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a waterproof agent which can be mixed with mortar and concrete, so that the mortar and the concrete have waterproof and anti-permeability performances, the waterproof quality of constructional engineering is improved, the service life of the constructional engineering is prolonged, a waterproof layer and a protective layer are not separately arranged, the construction process is greatly simplified, the construction period is saved, and the engineering cost is reduced.
Further, the invention provides waterproof anti-cracking mortar based on the waterproof agent.
Further, the present invention provides a self-waterproofing building structure based on the waterproof anti-crack mortar.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical means that:
the waterproof agent is characterized by being prepared from the following materials in parts by weight: 40-60 parts of a hydrophobic component, 10-20 parts of a nano material component, 1-5 parts of an air entraining component and 30-50 parts of a dispersing component.
Further, the hydrophobic component is one of emulsified asphalt, tung oil and silane emulsion, or any two or three of the emulsified asphalt, the tung oil and the silane emulsion are compounded with each other in any proportion.
Further, the nano material component is nano calcium carbonate or nano silicon dioxide.
Furthermore, the air-entraining component is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid air-entraining agent, a rosin thermopolymer air-entraining agent or a saponin air-entraining agent.
Still further, the dispersing component consists of ground calcium carbonate.
Further, the invention provides waterproof anti-crack mortar prepared by the waterproof agent, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 150-250 parts of common sand, 25-35 parts of water, 2-6 parts of a waterproof agent, 60-90 parts of Portland cement and 10-30 parts of fly ash; wherein the waterproof agent is prepared by adopting the formula disclosed by the invention.
Further, the waterproof anti-crack mortar also comprises one or more of the following components: 0.5-2.5 parts of a water reducing agent; 0.1-1 part of cellulose ether; 6-10 parts of an expanding agent; 0.1-1 part of polypropylene fiber; wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
Further, the invention provides a self-waterproof building structure, which comprises a concrete layer and a waterproof anti-crack mortar layer, wherein the waterproof anti-crack mortar layer is arranged on any surface of the concrete layer, and the waterproof anti-crack mortar layer is made of the waterproof anti-crack mortar according to the formula.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. in the technical scheme, a hydrophobic component is used as a main component of the waterproof agent, so that water is difficult to permeate even if micro cracks exist in concrete, and the self-waterproof effect is achieved. The nano material component has the function of filling concrete pores so as to increase the compactness of the concrete; the air entraining component has the function of improving the existing pore structure of the concrete; the dispersing component is mainly used for adsorbing the liquid emulsion to the surface of the dispersing component to form solid powder.
By adopting the component proportion, the waterproof agent can be mixed with mortar and concrete, changes the hydrophilic characteristics of common mortar and concrete, and ensures that the mortar and the concrete have waterproof and anti-permeability performances and good waterproof effects.
2. The waterproof agent is added into the mortar to form the waterproof anti-cracking mortar, the waterproof anti-cracking mortar has the functions of crack resistance, water resistance and hydrophobicity, can be plastered on the surface of concrete or masonry structure to form a waterproof anti-cracking mortar leveling layer or a protective layer, can replace flexible waterproof coiled materials or waterproof coatings, avoids the independent arrangement of the waterproof layer and the protective layer, greatly simplifies the construction process, saves the construction period and reduces the engineering cost.
3. The leveling layer or the protective layer of the waterproof anti-crack mortar has a certain thickness, so that the whole leveling layer or the protective layer of the waterproof anti-crack mortar has a waterproof function, the defect that a thin layer of waterproof material is not durable when the surface is finished is avoided, the waterproof quality of the building engineering is improved, and the service life of the building engineering is prolonged.
4. Building overall structure waterproof function is more durable, more effectively keeps the interior decoration layer dry, and decorative effect and service function keep for a longer time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of waterproof anti-crack mortar used for a basement retaining wall structure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a raft or anti-floating plate structure in which waterproof anti-cracking mortar is used to contact the soil ground;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of waterproof anti-crack mortar applied to roof, kitchen floor, toilet floor and interlayer floor.
Wherein, 1 is a concrete layer; 2 is a waterproof anti-crack mortar layer; and 3 is a decorative layer.
Detailed Description
The following examples are given to further illustrate the invention. It should be noted that the following examples are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention, and that the skilled person in this field could make modifications and variations of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.
Formula 1:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 45 kg of emulsified asphalt, 15 kg of nano calcium carbonate, 3 kg of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (2) formula:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 55 kg of tung oil, 20 kg of nano calcium carbonate, 5 kg of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and 40 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (3) formula:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 35 kg of silane emulsion, 25 kg of tung oil, 10 kg of nano silicon dioxide, 3 kg of alkylbenzene sulfonic acid and 45 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (4) formula:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 45 kg of emulsified asphalt, 10 kg of nano silicon dioxide, 5 kg of rosin thermopolymer and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (5) formula:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 25 kg of emulsified asphalt, 25 kg of tung oil, 20 kg of nano calcium carbonate, 2 kg of saponin and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (6) formula:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 25 kg of emulsified asphalt, 15 kg of silane emulsion, 10 kg of nano silicon dioxide, 5 kg of rosin thermopolymer and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (3) formula 7:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 15 kg of emulsified asphalt, 10 kg of tung oil, 15 kg of silane emulsion, 20 kg of nano calcium carbonate, 2 kg of saponin and 45 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
And (4) formula 8:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 15 kg of emulsified asphalt, 20 kg of tung oil, 15 kg of silane emulsion, 10 kg of nano silicon dioxide, 5 kg of alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
Comparative formulation 1:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 10 kg of emulsified asphalt, 10 kg of tung oil, 10 kg of silane emulsion, 10 kg of nano silicon dioxide and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
Comparative formulation 2:
the water-proofing agent is solid powder prepared from the following components: 15 kg of emulsified asphalt, 15 kg of tung oil, 0 kg of nano silicon dioxide, 2 kg of saponin and 50 kg of heavy calcium carbonate powder.
The waterproof agent prepared by the formula 1-8 is used for preparing waterproof anti-cracking mortar, and the specific mixing ratio is as follows:
formula 9:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 35 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 75 kg of Portland cement and 20 kg of fly ash.
Formula 10:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 75 kg of Portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash and 1 kg of a naphthalene water reducing agent.
Formula 11:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 65 kg of Portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 10 kg of an expanding agent and 1 kg of a naphthalene water reducing agent.
Formula 12:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 75 kg of portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 1 kg of a poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.5 kg of cellulose ether.
Formula 13:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 75 kg of Portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 0.5 kg of polypropylene fiber and 1 kg of a naphthalene water reducing agent.
Formula 14:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 65 kg of portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 1 kg of a poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.5 kg of cellulose ether, 10 kg of an expanding agent and 0.5 kg of polypropylene fiber.
Formula 15:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 25 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 85 kg of portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 1.5 kg of a poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent, 0.5 kg of cellulose ether, 10 kg of an expanding agent and 0.5 kg of polypropylene fiber.
Formula 16:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 35 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 85 kg of Portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 0.5 kg of cellulose ether, 10 kg of an expanding agent and 0.5 kg of polypropylene fiber.
The waterproof agent prepared by the comparative formula 1 and the comparative formula 2 is used for preparing waterproof anti-cracking mortar, and the specific mixing ratio is as follows:
comparative formulation 3:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 4 kg of a waterproof agent, 75 kg of portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash, 1 kg of a poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent and 0.5 kg of cellulose ether.
Comparative formulation 4:
the waterproof anti-crack mortar is prepared by stirring and mixing the following components: 200 kg of common sand, 28 kg of water, 0 kg of waterproof agent, 75 kg of portland cement, 20 kg of fly ash and 1 kg of poly carboxylic acid water reducing agent.
The waterproof anti-crack mortar prepared by the formulas 9 to 16 and the comparative formulas 3 and 4 are detected, and the detection standard is as follows: JC474-2008 about mortar and concrete waterproofing agent. The detection results are as follows:
table 1:
TABLE 2
Figure GDA0001863650420000071
According to the detection results, the water-proofing agents of the invention are adopted in the formulas 9 to 16, so that the water-proofing agent has the following indexes related to water resistance and impermeability: the shrinkage ratio, the penetration height ratio, the water absorption ratio and the like are excellent, and the waterproof and anti-permeability performance meets the technical requirements of first-class products of national inspection standards. In the above formulas, the waterproof anti-crack mortar prepared by the formulas 15 and 16 has better waterproof effect due to the lower water-to-gel ratio.
The comparative formula 4 showed poor water-proofing effect because no water-proofing agent was added.
The waterproof agent added in the comparative formula 3 is prepared from the comparative formula 1 and the comparative formula 2, and is not strictly matched according to the waterproof agent disclosed by the invention, so that the waterproof and anti-permeability performance of the waterproof agent does not meet the technical requirements of national relevant standards.
The waterproof anti-cracking mortar prepared by the formula can be used for leveling floors and inner wall surfaces of kitchen buildings, leveling floors and wall surfaces of toilet buildings, leveling floors and wall surfaces of roofs, flashing between roofs and parapets, leveling layers of outer walls of buildings and the inner and outer surfaces of functional facilities needing water storage according to design requirements. After a leveling layer or a protective layer formed by the waterproof anti-crack mortar is cured, the crack of the obtained building structure with the functions of impermeability, self-waterproofness and hydrophobicity is well controlled.
Referring to fig. 1: the waterproof anti-crack mortar is used for a basement retaining wall, and the waterproof anti-crack mortar layer 2 is vertically arranged on the side surface of the concrete layer 1 to form a self-waterproof retaining wall structure and prevent water seepage on the side surface of the self-waterproof retaining wall structure.
Referring to fig. 2: the waterproof anti-crack mortar is used for contacting with a soil ground raft or an anti-floating plate, and the lower side surface of the concrete layer 1 is transversely provided with a waterproof anti-crack mortar layer 2 to prevent water seepage from the ground.
The waterproof anti-cracking mortar has the functions of cracking resistance, water resistance and hydrophobicity, can be directly plastered on the surface of concrete or other structures to replace flexible waterproof coiled materials or waterproof coatings, does not need to be independently provided with waterproof layers, and enables the building to achieve the waterproof effect required by the specification.
Referring to fig. 3: the waterproof anti-crack mortar is used for a roof, a kitchen floor, a toilet floor and an interlayer floor structural system, the upper side surface of the concrete layer 1 is transversely provided with a waterproof anti-crack mortar layer 2, and the inner side surface of the concrete layer 1 is transversely provided with a decorative layer 3.
When the waterproof anti-crack mortar is used for a roof construction system, the decorative layer 3 is an indoor decorative layer.
When the waterproof anti-crack mortar is used for a kitchen floor slab, a toilet floor slab and an interlayer floor slab structural system, the decorative layer 3 is a ceiling decorative layer.
Because the waterproof anti-crack mortar leveling layer or the protective layer has a certain thickness, after the crack is well controlled and has the functions of self-waterproofing and hydrophobic, the whole concrete wall body achieves a better long-term effective waterproof effect, the service life of the indoor decorative structure is prolonged, and the indoor design and use functions are kept for a long time.
Finally, the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, and all of them should be covered in the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The waterproof agent is characterized by being prepared from the following materials in parts by weight:
40-60 parts of a hydrophobic component,
10-20 parts of nano material components,
1-5 parts of an air-entraining component,
30-50 parts of a dispersing component;
wherein the hydrophobic component is one of emulsified asphalt, tung oil and silane emulsion, or any two or three of the emulsified asphalt, the tung oil and the silane emulsion are compounded with each other in any proportion;
the nano material component is nano calcium carbonate or nano silicon dioxide;
the air-entraining component is an alkylbenzene sulfonic acid air-entraining agent, a rosin thermopolymer air-entraining agent or a saponin air-entraining agent;
the dispersed component is heavy calcium carbonate.
2. The waterproof anti-crack mortar is characterized by comprising the following components in parts by weight:
150-250 parts of common sand,
25 to 35 parts of water,
2-6 parts of a water-proofing agent,
60-90 parts of Portland cement,
10-30 parts of fly ash;
the water repellent according to claim 1.
3. The waterproof anti-crack mortar of claim 2, wherein the waterproof anti-crack mortar further comprises one or more of the following components:
0.5-2.5 parts of a water reducing agent;
0.1-1 part of cellulose ether;
6-10 parts of an expanding agent;
0.1-1 part of polypropylene fiber;
wherein the water reducing agent is a naphthalene water reducing agent or a polycarboxylic acid water reducing agent.
4. A self-waterproofing building structure comprising a concrete layer and a waterproof anti-crack mortar layer provided on either side of the concrete layer, the waterproof anti-crack mortar layer being made of the waterproof anti-crack mortar described in claim 2 or 3.
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CN107235697A (en) * 2017-07-05 2017-10-10 合肥市片叶装饰工程有限公司 A kind of high performance concrete waterproofing agent and preparation method thereof
CN110467406A (en) * 2019-09-23 2019-11-19 中国十七冶集团有限公司 A kind of microdilatancy waterproof mortar and preparation method thereof
CN115819013A (en) * 2022-11-24 2023-03-21 杨凯 Concrete waterproof agent, waterproof concrete and preparation method thereof
CN116477864B (en) * 2023-03-23 2024-02-23 万舟伟业(北京)科技集团有限公司 Anti-cracking waterproof compacting agent, preparation method and use method
CN116239327B (en) * 2023-03-30 2024-02-23 万舟伟业(北京)科技集团有限公司 Mortar waterproof adhesive, preparation method and use method

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CN103224366A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-07-31 广东科顺化工实业有限公司 Monocomponent polymer cement waterproof slurry containing slurry microcrystalline powder

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TWI581965B (en) * 2011-10-25 2017-05-11 Gcp應用技術有限公司 Waterproofing membrane

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CN103224366A (en) * 2013-04-24 2013-07-31 广东科顺化工实业有限公司 Monocomponent polymer cement waterproof slurry containing slurry microcrystalline powder

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