CN106673119B - 一种强化光催化降解污染物装置 - Google Patents

一种强化光催化降解污染物装置 Download PDF

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CN106673119B
CN106673119B CN201611224855.8A CN201611224855A CN106673119B CN 106673119 B CN106673119 B CN 106673119B CN 201611224855 A CN201611224855 A CN 201611224855A CN 106673119 B CN106673119 B CN 106673119B
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冯婷
马建锋
赵文昌
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Changzhou University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/30—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by irradiation
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
    • C02F1/725—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation by catalytic oxidation
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    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/72—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by oxidation
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract

本发明公开一种强化光催化降解污染物装置，包括：一个斜板，其固定于水面以上；纤维编织物，覆盖在所述斜板远离水面的一端并垂下，接触水面；所述斜板表面还负载有具有可见光活性的催化剂；凸透镜，其通过支架支撑固定于斜板的上方；所述凸透镜由径向对称的两部分构成，所述两部分通过铰链可转动地链接为一体。优选的技术方案中，所述的凸透镜的两端设有热敏弹簧，控制所述的凸透镜的两部分以铰链为轴心进行转动；当热敏弹簧受热膨胀，凸透镜的两部分成为一体，拼成完整的凸透镜。无需任何动力即可形成一个持续流动的薄膜体系，从而获得更好的催化效果，而且无需通过附加手段分离催化剂。

Description

一种强化光催化降解污染物装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种强化光催化降解污染物装置，属于环境保护中污水处理技术领域。
背景技术
传统的水处理方法效率低、成本高、存在二次污染等问题，污水治理一直得不到好的解决。纳米技术的发展和应用很可能彻底解决这一难题。1972年，A.Fujishima和K.Honda在n型半导体TiO2电极上发现了水的光电催化分解作用，TiO2氧化活性较高，化学稳定性好，对人体无毒害，成本低，无污染，应用范围广，因而最受重视，是目前应用最广泛的纳米光催化材料，也是最具有开发前途的绿色环保型催化剂。
研究表明，纳米TiO2能处理多种有毒化合物，可以将水中的烃类、卤代烃、酸、表面活性剂、染料、含氮有机物、有机磷杀虫剂、木材防腐剂和燃料油等很快地完全氧化为CO2、H2O等无害物质。但到目前为止纳米光催化TiO2技术仍未在废水处理方面得到广泛应用，主要是因为纳米颗粒分离困难，没有简单适用的处理设备。
通过纳米颗粒在载体表面负载，可以解决颗粒分离的问题。但负载有纳米颗粒的载体浸泡于水中的时候，激发光必须透过较厚(往往是数厘米以上)的溶液才能照射到催化剂上。而事实上，无论是在紫外光区还是可见光区，有机物溶液(尤其是带色有机物废水)都会有不同程度的光吸收，这势必会引起激发光不同程度的光损失，使得到达催化剂表面的光强度下降，从而使得光生电子和空穴的产率下降，最终使得污染物的降解效率降低。
专利CN 102515303A公开了一种河道有机污染光催化治理装置，可以获得较好的水处理效果，但需要电力及水的流动。同样，CN104609571B，CN104609572B等几个专利公开的方法都是需要河水的流动才可以获得光催化效果。如果河水的流动能力不足以推动装置转动，则可能使处理设施失效。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提出一种强化光催化降解污染物装置，该装置简单，无动力消耗，只利用太阳光作用，即可达到较好的处理效果。
本发明公开的一种强化光催化降解污染物装置，包括：
一个斜板，其固定于水面以上，所述斜板与水平面夹角为10～30°；
纤维编织物，覆盖在所述斜板远离水面的一端，且所述纤维编织物的一条边从斜板边缘垂下，接触水面；
所述斜板表面还负载有具有可见光活性的催化剂；
凸透镜，其通过支架支撑固定于斜板的上方；所述凸透镜由径向对称的两部分构成，所述两部分通过铰链可转动地链接为一体。
优选的技术方案中，所述的凸透镜的两端设有热敏弹簧，控制所述的凸透镜的两部分以铰链为轴心进行转动；当热敏弹簧受热膨胀，凸透镜的两部分成为一体，拼成完整的凸透镜。
本发明的有益效果是：利用纤维编织物的毛细作用，水被从纤维编织物的和水接触的一端毛细吸上来，在斜板表面湿润，形成薄薄的液层，在太阳光的照射下，污染物获得光催化剂降解效果。
无需任何动力即可形成一个持续流动的薄膜体系，从而获得更好的催化效果，而且无需通过附加手段分离催化剂。
上方的凸透镜可以聚光，当早晨太阳升起的时候，温度较低，太阳斜射，而此时凸透镜的一半可以正对太阳，随着太阳继续升起，温度升高，热敏弹簧将凸透镜两部分推向水平，大面积接受太阳照射并把光聚集到催化剂表面，提高催化效率。
试验证明：对于含金橙II浓度在25mg/L的废水，经过该设备持续处理24h之后的金橙II的去除率达98.3％。
附图说明
图1是本发明的结构示意图
具体实施方式
参照图，一个斜板1，其固定于水面以上，所述斜板1与水平面夹角为10～30°；纤维编织物2，覆盖在所述斜板1远离水面的一端，且所述纤维编织物2的一条边从斜板边缘垂下，接触水面；所述斜板1表面还负载有具有可见光活性的催化剂磷酸银3。
一个凸透镜4通过其圆心径向分为对称的两部分，凸透镜4的两部分通过一侧铰链5链接为一体，但可以以铰链5为轴心转动；凸透镜4的两部分以铰链5为轴心的转动由两端分别固定于凸透镜4两部分的热敏弹簧6控制，当热敏弹簧6受热，则膨胀，可以将凸透镜的两部分拼成完整的凸透镜；凸透镜4的两部分通过支架支撑7固定于斜板1的上方。操作时将装置固定在河道表面，在太阳光的照射下即可完成河道水中有机物降解。

Claims (1)

1.一种强化光催化降解污染物装置，其特征是包括：
一个斜板，其固定于水面以上，所述斜板与水平面夹角为10～30°；
纤维编织物，覆盖在所述斜板远离水面的一端，且所述纤维编织物的一条边从斜板边缘垂下，接触水面；
所述斜板表面还负载有具有可见光活性的催化剂；
凸透镜，其通过支架支撑固定于斜板的上方；所述凸透镜由径向对称的两部分构成，所述两部分通过铰链可转动地链接为一体；
所述的凸透镜的两端设有热敏弹簧，控制所述的凸透镜的两部分以铰链为轴心进行转动；当热敏弹簧受热膨胀，凸透镜的两部分成为一体，拼成完整的凸透镜。
CN201611224855.8A 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 一种强化光催化降解污染物装置 Active CN106673119B (zh)

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