CN106672264B - For the deformation nose cone of aircraft and with its aircraft - Google Patents
For the deformation nose cone of aircraft and with its aircraft Download PDFInfo
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- CN106672264B CN106672264B CN201611148000.1A CN201611148000A CN106672264B CN 106672264 B CN106672264 B CN 106672264B CN 201611148000 A CN201611148000 A CN 201611148000A CN 106672264 B CN106672264 B CN 106672264B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of deformation nose cone and with its aircraft, the deformation nose cone includes: multiple annular body segments, telescoping mechanism, at least one elastic supporting mechanism and at least one bending mechanism, telescoping mechanism is connected and scalable along the longitudinal direction with multiple annular body segments, so that two adjacent annular body segments can move axially relatively；Each elastic supporting mechanism is connected between the annular body segment of adjacent two, is moved axially relatively suitable for limitation annular solid section and is often driven annular solid section mobile to straight position；Each bending mechanism is located between two annular body segments and is respectively provided at the radial both ends of annular body segment, bending mechanism flexible deformation when telescoping mechanism stretches, to drive annular solid section to move between straight position and bending position with elastic supporting mechanism.Deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention is able to achieve flexible and bending deformation, has many advantages, such as that simple and stable structure, deformation time are short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aerospace technology, more particularly, to a kind of deformation nose cone and tool for aircraft
There is its aircraft.
Background technique
Re-entry space vehicle is the course of new aircraft simultaneously with aircraft Yu spacecraft function.In flight course, empty day flies
Row device needs to undergo in atmosphere and too airflight, and the environmental change of atmospheric reentry, in each stage to its structure
There is different requirements in aerodynamic arrangement.Variable aerodynamic configuration can independently be realized by designing empty day morphing aircraft, be empty day
The future thrust of Flight Vehicle Structure.Realize re-entry space vehicle structurally variable, it can be from portions such as nose cone, nose of wing, swept-back wings
Divide and carries out.Can variant structure function if nose cone has, so that it may by the variation of the nose cone dullness of ascent stage and reentry stage improve by
Heat reduces drag due to shock wave, and then optimizes aircraft loading conditions.
Currently, the design of aircraft in the related technology is concentrated mainly on wing field, the variant technology in nose cone field is ground
Study carefully less.The deformation nose cone device of current existing aircraft only has Chinese patent CN105346702A, is connected using hydraulic-driven
Rod bending mechanism and motor driven folding rod telescoping mechanism realize the flexible and bending deformation of nose cone respectively.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to solve at least some of the technical problems in related technologies.For this purpose, the present invention mentions
A kind of deformation nose cone for aircraft is gone out, the deformation nose cone can be realized axial stretching and the bending of vertical direction becomes
Shape has many advantages, such as that simple and stable structure, deformation time are short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
The invention also provides a kind of aircraft with above-mentioned deformation nose cone.
Deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft, comprising: multiple annular body segments, telescoping mechanism, extremely
A few elastic supporting mechanism and at least one bending mechanism, multiple annular body segments are sequentially connected and coaxially along the longitudinal direction
Setting；The telescoping mechanism is connected and scalable along the longitudinal direction with multiple annular body segments, so that described in adjacent two
Annular body segment can move axially relatively；Each elastic supporting mechanism be connected to the annular body segment of adjacent two it
Between, the elastic supporting mechanism is suitable for limiting the annular body segment of adjacent two and moves axially relatively and often drive adjacent
Two annular body segments are mobile to straight position；Each bending mechanism is located between the annular body segment of adjacent two
And the radial both ends of the annular body segment are respectively provided at the elastic supporting mechanism, each bending mechanism is described flexible
Mechanism flexible deformation when flexible, to drive the annular body segment of adjacent two to move between straight position and bending position,
When the straight position, the axis of the annular body segment of adjacent two is overlapped, in the bending position, two adjacent institutes
The axis for stating annular body segment is angled relative to each other.
Deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft can be realized the curved of axial stretching and vertical direction
Song deformation, has many advantages, such as that simple and stable structure, deformation time are short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
In addition, deformation nose cone according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have the following additional technical features:
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the telescoping mechanism includes: active guide rail, and the active guide rail is located at latter
It is connected in a annular body segment and along the both ends that extend radially to of the annular body segment with the annular body segment；At least one from
Dynamic guide rail, at least one described driven guide rail correspond the other annular solids being located in front of annular body segment described in the latter
It is connected in section and along the both ends that extend radially to of the annular body segment with the annular body segment；At least one cross link component,
Each cross link component is located between the active guide rail and the driven guide rail or two neighboring described driven leads
Between rail, each cross link component includes two and pivotly intersects connected connecting rod and four sliding blocks, each described
The end of connecting rod is slidably disposed on the active guide rail or the driven guide rail by the sliding block, driven is led positioned at described
Two cross link components of rail two sides share two sliding blocks on the driven guide rail；Actuator, the actuator are suitable
It is close to each other or separate in two sliding blocks of the driving on the active guide rail, so that the friendship of multiple cross link components
It pitches angle to change, to realize the axial movement of the annular body segment.
Optionally, the actuator includes: two driving motors, and two driving motors are located in the annular body segment
And be connected respectively with two sliding blocks on the active guide rail, to drive the sliding block to slide on the active guide rail.
Further, the active guide rail is formed as lead screw, and the driving motor is integrated into step with the corresponding sliding block
Into motor, the stepper motor is axially movably located on the lead screw along the lead screw.
Optionally, the driven guide rail is formed as polished rod.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the internal diameter of multiple annular body segments is successively reduced and multiple institutes from the front to the back
The front end for stating the latter that annular body segment is successively arranged along the longitudinal direction in the annular body segment of connected, adjacent two is formed outside
Set portion and previous rear end formation portion inside, the elastic supporting mechanism and bending mechanism are respectively provided at the adjacent housing
Between portion and the portion inside.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, the portion inside is equipped with two fixations along its circumferentially spaced setting
Portion, each bending mechanism includes: rack gear, and the rack gear is mounted in the outer race section and along the axial direction of the annular body segment
Extend；First gear, the first gear and rack gear engaged transmission and two institutes are pivotably coupled to by pivotal axis
It states on fixed part, at least partly described pivotal axis is formed as gear shaft；Second gear, the second gear and two fixations
Portion is pivotly connected and the second gear and gear shaft engaged transmission.
Optionally, the outer peripheral surface of the portion inside is equipped with the mounting groove being recessed inwardly, a part of the second gear
It is located in the mounting groove, two fixed parts are respectively provided at the two sides of the mounting groove.
Optionally, the outer race section be equipped with set casing, the set casing includes: connecting plate, the connecting plate with it is described
Outer race section is connected and extends along the axis of the annular body segment, and the rack gear is located on the connecting plate；Two support portions, two
The support portion is respectively provided at the two sides of the connecting plate and is arranged in parallel, and divides on the opposite inner sidewall of two support portions
Not She You sliding slot, the free end of two fixed parts be respectively equipped with far from the mounting groove extend sliding part, the sliding
Portion is suitable for sliding in the sliding slot.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, each elastic supporting mechanism includes: outer base, and the outer base is located at
It is connected between the outer race section and the portion inside and with the inner wall of the outer race section；Interior base, the interior base are located at institute
It states the inside of outer base and is connected with the outside wall surface of the portion inside；Elastic component, the elastic component are telescopically connected to described
Between outer base and the interior base.
Optionally, the elastic component includes the spring of multiple settings spaced apart, the both ends of each spring respectively with institute
Outer base is stated to be connected with the interior base.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, it is round and smooth closed big to be formed as front end for the annular body segment positioned at front end
Body cone, other annular body segments are respectively formed as the hollow cylinder that radial dimension remains unchanged in the axial direction.
Aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention, including the deformation head according to the above embodiment of the present invention for aircraft
Cone.
Aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention can be with by the way that deformation nose cone according to the above embodiment of the present invention is arranged
It realizes the deformation of multi-pose, and the heated of aircraft can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, optimize the loading conditions of aircraft.
Additional aspect and advantage of the invention will be set forth in part in the description, and will partially become from the following description
Obviously, or practice through the invention is recognized.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the stereoscopic schematic diagram of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the cross-sectional view of the line A-A along Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the telescoping mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of a state of the telescoping mechanism of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the elastic supporting mechanism of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of an annular body segment of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the enlarged diagram in the portion B that Fig. 7 centre circle shows；
Fig. 9 is the perspective view of the bending mechanism of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the bending mechanism of deformation nose cone according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Appended drawing reference:
100: deformation nose cone；
1: annular body segment；11: outer race section；12: portion inside；111: set casing；1111: connecting plate；1112: support portion；
1113: sliding slot；121: fixed part；122: mounting groove；1211: sliding part；
2: telescoping mechanism；21: active guide rail；22: driven guide rail；23: cross link component；231: connecting rod；232: sliding block；
241: driving motor；
3: elastic supporting mechanism；31: outer base；32: interior base；33: elastic component；331: spring；
4: bending mechanism；41: rack gear；42: first gear；44: gear shaft；43: second gear.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described below in detail, examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings.Below with reference to
The embodiment of attached drawing description is exemplary, it is intended to is used to explain the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention, ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain can make changes, modifications, alterations, and variations to the above described embodiments within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, term " on ", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", " perpendicular
Directly ", the orientation or positional relationship of the instructions such as "horizontal", "inner", "outside", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumferential direction " is based on shown in attached drawing
Orientation or positional relationship, be merely for convenience of description of the present invention and simplification of the description, rather than the device of indication or suggestion meaning
Or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, therefore be not considered as limiting the invention.
In addition, term " first ", " second " are used for descriptive purposes only and cannot be understood as indicating or suggesting relative importance
Or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Define " first " as a result, the feature of " second " can be expressed or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, fisrt feature in the second feature " on " or " down " can be with
It is that the first and second features directly contact or the first and second features pass through intermediary mediate contact.Moreover, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " can be fisrt feature and be directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or only table
Show that first feature horizontal height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature can be under the second feature " below ", " below " and " below "
Fisrt feature is directly under or diagonally below the second feature, or is merely representative of first feature horizontal height less than second feature.
The deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft is described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawing, wherein on
Lower direction, left and right directions and front-rear direction are subject to up and down direction, left and right directions and the front-rear direction of diagram respectively.
Referring to Fig.1 shown in-Fig. 3, the deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft may include: more
A annular body segment 1, telescoping mechanism 2, at least one elastic supporting mechanism 3 and at least one bending mechanism 4.Wherein, it needs to illustrate
, the meaning of " plurality " is at least two, such as two, three etc., and the quantity of annular body segment 1 is positive integer.Also
It is to say, annular body segment 1 can be two or more.For example, annular body segment 1 is five in example as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3.
Specifically, multiple annular body segments 1 can be sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, and multiple annular body segments 1 are coaxially disposed,
There can be deformation gap between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, to allow to deform two annular solids adjacent when nose cone 100 deforms
Relative motion occurs for section 1.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, telescoping mechanism 2 can be connected with multiple annular body segments 1, and telescoping mechanism 2 is along the longitudinal direction
It is scalable, so that two adjacent annular body segments 1 can move axially relatively, to realize the flexible of deformation nose cone 100.
Each elastic supporting mechanism 3 can connect between adjacent two annular body segments 1, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is suitable for
It limits the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two to move axially relatively, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 can often drive two adjacent annulars
Body segment 1 is mobile to straight position.In other words, elastic supporting mechanism 3 is connected between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, with support
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 has certain elasticity, can limit the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Between move axially, flexibly hinder adjacent two annular body segments 1 that relative displacements occur, so that two adjacent annulars
Body segment 1 is mobile to straight position.
Each bending mechanism 4 can be located between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, and bending mechanism 4 and resilient support
Mechanism 3 is respectively provided at the radial both ends of annular body segment 1, the flexible deformation when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches of each bending mechanism 4, with
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two is driven to move between straight position and bending position, in straight position, two adjacent rings
The axis of body section 1 is overlapped, and in bending position, the axis of adjacent two annular body segments 1 is angled relative to each other.
That is, the bending mechanism 4 positioned at radial one end of annular body segment 1 allows adjacent when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches
The elastic supporting mechanism 3 for deforming between two annular body segments 1, and being located at the radial other end of annular body segment 1 hinders adjacent
Two annular body segments 1 between deform.As a result, in the common work of telescoping mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3
Under, while flexible, the axis of the two can be coincided with one another or is angled relative to each other adjacent two annular body segments 1, thus
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two can move between straight position and bending position, and then deformation nose cone 100 may be implemented
Flexible and bending deformation.
Also, the flexible of telescoping mechanism 2 makes the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two that axially opposing movement occur, simultaneously, curved
Bent mechanism 4 occurs bending and deformation, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 provides assistant spring restriction effect, so that deforming the not only structure of nose cone 100
Simple and stable, and deformation time can be shortened.
It is understood that the stroke of control telescoping mechanism 2, the deformable amount of each bending mechanism 4 of adaptive settings,
And the elastic stiffness of each elastic supporting mechanism 3 is adjusted, the deflection of adjustable deformation nose cone 100, and can be to deformation
The deflection of nose cone 100 is accurately controlled.
Deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft, will telescopic telescopic machine along the longitudinal direction
Structure 2 is connected with multiple annular body segments 1, keeps the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two axially translatable using telescoping mechanism 2, will at least
One elastic supporting mechanism 3 and at least one bending mechanism 4 are connected between adjacent two annular body segments 1, and by bending machine
Structure 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 are respectively provided at the radial both ends of annular body segment 1, make bending mechanism 4 can when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches
With bending deformation, while the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two is limited along axial relative movement using elastic supporting mechanism 3, stretching
Under the collective effect of contracting mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3, adjacent two annular body segments 1 while flexible,
The axis of the two can be coincided with one another or is angled relative to each other, so that adjacent two annular body segments 1 can be in straight position and curved
It is moved between bent position, and then axial stretching and the bending deformation of deformation nose cone 100 may be implemented, and have structure simply steady
Calmly, the advantages that deformation time is short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the annular body segment 1 positioned at front end can be formed as
The round and smooth closed substantially cone in front end, other annular body segments 1 can be respectively formed as radial dimension and remain unchanged in the axial direction
Hollow cylinder, and the radial dimension of rear stage annular body segment 1 be greater than previous stage annular body segment 1 radial dimension, thus
The heated of deformation nose cone 100 can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, and then the loading conditions of deformation nose cone 100 can be optimized.
The telescoping mechanism 2 of deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described first below.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, in conjunction with shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 5, telescoping mechanism 2 may include: active guide rail 21,
At least one driven guide rail 22, at least one cross link component 23 and actuator.
As shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 can be located in the latter annular body segment 1, and active guide rail 21 can edge
Annular body segment 1 extends radially to both ends, and the both ends of active guide rail 21 can be connected with annular body segment 1.At least one driven guide rail
22 can be located at correspondingly in other annular body segments 1 in 1 front of the latter annular body segment, and driven guide rail 22 can be along ring
Body section 1 extends radially to both ends, and the both ends of driven guide rail 22 can be connected with annular body segment 1.
Each cross link component 23 can be located between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 or adjacent two from
Between dynamic guide rail 22, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, each cross link component 23 includes two and pivotly intersects connected connecting rod
231 and four sliding blocks 232, the end of each connecting rod 231 active guide rail 21 or driven can be slidably disposed in by sliding block 232
On guide rail 22, two cross link components 23 positioned at driven 22 two sides of guide rail can share two sliding blocks on driven guide rail 22
232.When two connecting rods 231 pivot as a result, with the change of the angle of the crossing between two connecting rods 231, drive connecting rod 231 with from
The distance between two follower links 231 of the distance between dynamic connecting rod 231 can change, and share setting for sliding block 232
The linkages of two adjacent cross link components 23 may be implemented in meter, thus between two adjacent annular body segments 1 it is axial away from
From can change, and then may be implemented flexible between the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two.
That is, between the active guide rail 21 of the latter annular body segment 1 and the driven guide rail 22 of previous annular body segment 1
Or a cross link component 23, cross link component are equipped between two driven guide rails 22 of two adjacent annular body segments 1
23 include two connecting rods 231 and four sliding blocks 232, and two connecting rods 231, which intersect, to be connected and can be pivoted relative to each other, and four sliding blocks 232 divide
It is not connected to the end of two connecting rods 231, four sliding blocks 232 are slidably disposed on active guide rail 21 or driven guide rail 22.From
And when two connecting rods 231 pivot, four sliding blocks 232 can slide on active guide rail 21 or driven guide rail 22；Similarly, when
When two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 slide, two connecting rods 231 can be pivoted relative to each other, in the case of two kinds, active guide rail 21
The distance between driven guide rail 22 and the distance between two driven guide rails 22 can all change, and thus can be realized adjacent
Two annular body segments 1 between axial stretching.
For example, driven guide rail 22 can be one, as shown in figure 5, being equipped with one between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22
A cross link component 23, four sliding blocks 232 are respectively provided on active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22.
For another example as shown in figure 4, driven guide rail 22 can be three, the ring where active guide rail 21 and active guide rail 21
A cross link component 23, and adjacent two are equipped between driven guide rail 22 on the previous annular body segment 1 of body section 1
A cross link component 23 is equipped between a driven guide rail 22, be all provided on active guide rail 21 and each driven guide rail 22 there are two
Sliding block 232, at this point, there are three cross link components 23, and it is located at two cross links of same driven 22 two sides of guide rail
Component 23 shares two sliding blocks 232 on the driven guide rail 22, so as to so that three realization linkages of cross link components 23, make
Obtaining active guide rail 21 can occur to change in linkage with the distance between driven guide rail 22 and adjacent two driven guide rails 22.
For actuator, actuator be suitable for drive be located at active guide rail 21 on two sliding blocks 232 it is close to each other or
It is separate, so that the angle of the crossing of multiple cross link components 23 changes, to realize the axial movement of annular body segment 1.
Specifically, actuator can drive two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 mobile, when on active guide rail 21
When two sliding blocks 232 are close to each other, two connecting rods 231 being connected with the sliding block 232 are pivoted, between two connecting rods 231
The angle of the crossing reduces, so that in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 between the active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 that are connected by two connecting rods 231
On distance increase, simultaneously, two sliding blocks 232 being located on driven guide rail 22 are also close to each other, drive with the sliding block 232
Connected two connecting rods 231 linkage, it is to be understood that in ring between the two driven guide rails 22 connected by two connecting rods 231
Distance in the axial direction of body section 1 also increases, so as to realize so that the axial distance between every two annular body segment 1 increases
Deform the axial elongation of nose cone 100.
And when two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 away from each other when, two connecting rods 231 being connected with the sliding block 232
Pivoted, the angle of the crossing between two connecting rods 231 increases, so that the active guide rail 21 that is connected by two connecting rods 231 and driven
Distance between guide rail 22 in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 reduces, simultaneously, two sliding blocks being located on driven guide rail 22
232 also away from each other, drives two connecting rods 231 being connected with the sliding block 232 to link, similarly, is connected by two connecting rods 231
Distance between two driven guide rails 22 in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 also reduces, so as to so that every two annular body segment 1 it
Between axial distance reduce, realize deformation nose cone 100 axial shortening.
Optionally, actuator may include: two driving motors 241, and as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, two driving motors 241 can
To be located in annular body segment 1, and two driving motors 241 can be connected with two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 respectively, with
Driving sliding block 232 slides on active guide rail 21.In other words, two driving motors 241 respectively with two on active guide rail 21
Sliding block 232 is connected, and two driving motors 241 respectively drive two sliding blocks 232 and move on active guide rail 21, to connect to intersect
Bar assembly 23 provides power and changes the angle of the crossing, and drives two sliding blocks 232 on driven guide rail 22 mobile, the setting that links it is driven
Sliding block 232 and cross link component 23 on guide rail 22 can be realized simultaneously linkage, and then stretching for deformation nose cone 100 may be implemented
Compression deformation.
Also, the adjustability and controllability of driving motor 241 are good, can drive sliding block 232 by control driving motor 241
Movement speed, the initial angle of the crossing of cross link component 23 is set as suitably being worth, can accurately control each annular body segment 1 it
Between telescopic level.
In some embodiments, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 can be formed as lead screw, and driving motor 241 can be with
Corresponding sliding block 232 is integrated into stepper motor, and stepper motor is axially movably located on lead screw along lead screw.Thus, it is possible to
Deformation 100 gesture stability of nose cone can be improved in the dilatability for accurately to control annular solid section 1 by adjusting stepper motor process
Flexibility.
Advantageously, screw thread can be equipped on the outer peripheral surface of lead screw, which is designed to self-locking function, in this way,
After the telescopic deformation for having adjusted deformation nose cone 100, self-locking thread can provide reversed fixed function, will not become because of bearing capacity
Change and inverse metamorphism occurs, so as to improve the stability and reliability that deformation nose cone 100 deforms, so that controllability and control essence
Exactness is higher.
Optionally, driven guide rail 22 can be formed as polished rod, i.e., driven guide rail 22 is formed as smooth guide, by will be driven
Guide rail 22 is set as smooth guide, can reduce the frictional force between driven guide rail 22 and sliding block 232, convenient for control.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the internal diameter of multiple annular body segments 1 can from the front to the back according to
Secondary reduction, and multiple annular body segments 1 can successively be arranged along the longitudinal direction it is latter in the annular body segments 1 of connected, adjacent two
A front end can form outer race section 11, and previous rear end can form portion inside 12, elastic supporting mechanism 3 and bending
Mechanism 4 can be respectively provided between adjacent outer race section 11 and portion inside 12, with when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, common realize is deformed
The bending deformation of nose cone 100.
It is retouched in detail below with reference to bending mechanism 4 of Fig. 7-Figure 10 to deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention
It states.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9, two fixed parts being equipped with along its circumferentially spaced setting be can be in portion inside 12
121, each bending mechanism 4 may include: rack gear 41, first gear 42 and second gear 43, wherein rack gear 41 may be mounted at
In outer race section 11, rack gear 41 can along the axially extending of annular body segment 1, first gear 42 can with 41 engaged transmission of rack gear, and the
One gear 42 can be pivotably coupled on two fixed parts 121 by pivotal axis, and at least partly pivotal axis can be formed as
Gear shaft 44, second gear 43 is pivotly connected with two fixed parts 121, and second gear 43 engages biography with gear shaft 44
It is dynamic.
When telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, rack gear 41 can be engaged with first gear 42, will be between adjacent two annular body segments 1
Movement be converted into the relative movement of rack gear 41 Yu first gear 42, first gear 42 and 41 engagement rotation of rack gear, and with movable tooth
Wheel shaft 44 rotates, at the same time, 43 engaged transmission of gear shaft 44 and second gear, since second gear 43 and fixed part 121 can
Pivotally be connected, thus by rack gear 41 and first gear 42 engage and gear shaft 44 is with engaging for second gear 43 to permit
Perhaps the axial stretching between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, cooperates subsequent elastic supporting mechanism 3 to hinder to make in the elasticity of the other end
With adjacent two annular body segments 1 can be made mobile to bending position, realize the bending deformation of deformation nose cone 100.
As shown in Fig. 7-Figure 10, the mounting groove 122 being recessed inwardly, second gear can be equipped on the outer peripheral surface of portion inside 12
43 a part of can be located in mounting groove 122, and two fixed parts 121 can be respectively provided at the two sides of mounting groove 122, a side
Face can make simple and compact for structure, on the other hand can optimize the structure of bending mechanism 4, improve force stability.
Optionally, set casing 111 can be equipped in outer race section 11, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, set casing 111 may include: to connect
Fishplate bar 1111 and two support portions 1112, connecting plate 1111 can be connected with outer race section 11, and connecting plate 1111 can be along annular solid
The axis of section 1 extends, and rack gear 41 can be located on connecting plate 1111, rack gear 41 is connected with outer race section 11.Two support portions
1112 can be respectively provided at the two sides of connecting plate 1111 and be arranged in parallel, and can distinguish on the opposite inner sidewall of two support portions 1112
Equipped with sliding slot 1113, the free end of two fixed parts 121 is respectively equipped with the sliding part 1211 extended far from mounting groove 122, sliding
Portion 1211 is suitable for sliding in sliding slot 1113.In this way, passing through rack gear 41 and the first tooth when two adjacent annular body segments 1 stretch
The engaged transmission of wheel 42, the engaged transmission of cooperating teeth wheel shaft 44 and second gear 43 can make the sliding part in portion inside 12
1211 slide in the sliding slot 1113 in outer race section 11, to further increase stability and reliability.
Figure 10 is the side view of 4 horizontal direction of bending mechanism, as shown in Figure 10, when telescoping mechanism 2 extends, first gear 42
With shown in the curve arrow of the rotation direction of second gear 43 such as in figure, at this point, previous in two adjacent annular body segments 1
It is moved forward relative to the latter, as shown in the straight arrows in figure, it is hereby achieved that biggish transmission ratio, makes second gear
43 rotational angle is smaller, so that stability and reliability of the two adjacent annular body segments 1 in flexible and bending deformation are more
It is excellent.
It is understood that bending mechanism 4 move during, elastic supporting mechanism 3 with bending mechanism 4 relative to
Radial one end be that adjacent two annular body segments 1 provide elastic restraint, to limit the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two along axial direction
Relative movement, and often drive the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two mobile to straight position, to realize the curved of deformation nose cone 100
Song deformation.
Elastic supporting mechanism 3 according to an embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to Fig. 6.
According to some embodiments of the present invention, as shown in fig. 6, each elastic supporting mechanism 3 may include: outer base 31,
Interior base 32 and elastic component 33, outer base 31 can be located between outer race section 11 and portion inside 12, and outer base 31 can with it is outer
The inner wall in set portion 11 is connected, and interior base 32 can be located at the inside of outer base 31, and interior base 32 can be outer with external connection portion
Wall surface is connected, and elastic component 33 is telescopically connected between outer base 31 and interior base 32.That is, elastic supporting member for supporting optical member
Outer base 31 is connected with the outer race section 11 of the latter annular body segment 1,12 phase of portion inside of interior base 32 and previous annular body segment 1
Even, interior base 32 is connected with outer base 31 by being located at elastic component 33 between the two, and elastic component 33 is scalable.
The scalability of elastic component 33 allows the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two a certain range of opposite in generation as a result,
Displacement to adapt to flexible and bending mechanism 4 the bending deformation of telescoping mechanism 2, and can limit two adjacent annular solids
Large-scale relative displacement occurs between section 1, so as to so that two adjacent annular body segments 1 are mobile to straight position.
As described above, when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, 4 bending deformation of bending mechanism, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is flexibly
It limits the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two to relatively move in the axial direction, since bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 are located at
The radial both ends of annular body segment 1 can make the side equipped with bending mechanism 4 of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two hair when flexible
Raw bending deformation, so as to realize the bending deformation of deformation nose cone 100.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 6, elastic component 33 may include the spring 331 of multiple settings spaced apart, each spring 331
Both ends can be connected respectively with outer base 31 and interior base 32, be used to support outer base 31 and interior base 32 and adapt to adjacent two
Axial stretching and bending deformation between a annular body segment 1.
For example, in the example shown in fig. 6, elastic component 33 includes being arranged at intervals between outer base 31 and interior base 32
Eight springs 331, eight 331 uniform intervals of spring setting, to improve stability and realize deformation.Certainly, knot of the invention
Structure is without being limited thereto, and spring 331 can also be other quantity, this will be understood by for a person skilled in the art,
This is not described in detail.
It is understood that one of them in bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is located at two adjacent annular solids
The upper end of section 1, another is located at lower end.For example, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, bending mechanism 4 is located at the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Top, elastic supporting mechanism 3 is located at the lower part of adjacent two annular body segments 1, the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two can be made to exist
Bending is realized in vertical plane, realizes bending deformation of the deformation nose cone 100 in vertical plane.
It should be noted that bending mechanism 4 and the imaginary line of elastic supporting mechanism 3 are orthogonal with active guide rail 21, and
Active guide rail 21 is parallel with driven guide rail 22, to guarantee freedom of the deformation nose cone 100 in dilatation and bending deformation process
Degree improves stability and reliability.For example, in example as Figure 1-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 and the equal edge of driven guide rail 22
Left and right directions extends, and deformation nose cone 100 is allowed to realize bending deformation in vertical plane.
The motion mode and deformation process of the deformation nose cone 100 of specific embodiment according to the present invention are retouched in detail below
It states.
Deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention, two stepping electricity of the main drive in telescoping mechanism 2
Machine, when deformation nose cone 100 is in undeformed state, multiple annular body segments 1 are located at straight position, the axis of multiple annular body segments 1
Line is overlapped, and after deformation instruction issues, the symmetrical inwardly movement on lead screw of two stepper motors of telescoping mechanism 2 drives and intersects
The sliding block 232 of link assembly 23 is drawn close from end to centre, and the angle of the crossing of cross link component 23 becomes smaller, two 231 ends of connecting rod
The sliding block 232 in portion is synchronous close to driven 22 middle part of guide rail, the distance between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 and adjacent
The distance between two driven guide rails 22 increase, multiple annular body segments 1 extend in the axial direction, and entirety occurs for deformation nose cone 100
Elongation strain.
Simultaneously, 42 engaged transmission of the rack gear 41 in bending mechanism 4 and first gear, while gear shaft 44 and the second tooth
43 engaged transmission of wheel, slides the sliding part 1211 on fixed part 121 in the sliding slot 1113 on set casing 111, bending mechanism 4
With the flexible realization flexure operation of adjacent two annular body segments 1, and multiple springs 331 in elastic supporting mechanism 3 make it is adjacent
The lower parts of two annular body segments 1 only generate the axial relative movement of slight amplitude, but hinder the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two it
Between occur significantly to deform so that deformation nose cone 100 synchronously complete specific elongation and bending deformation, to reach deformation nose cone
100 deformation requirements.
It is understood that two stepper motors in telescoping mechanism 2 when symmetrically moving out on lead screw, deform nose cone
100 deformation direction and deformation described above are rectangular on the contrary, the shortening and bending deformation of deformation nose cone 100 may be implemented.
In short, deformation nose cone 100 can be divided into two states according to whether it deforms: when in straight position, each annular
Body segment 1 is coaxially disposed；When in elongation bending deformation state, the axis of each annular body segment 1 is no longer overlapped, and is extended synchronous with bending
It carries out, adjacent two annular 1 axial distances of body segment increase and rotate down certain angle.
To sum up, for deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention when being deformed, expanding-contracting action is synchronous with flexure operation
It carries out, according to practical distortion demand, adjusts stepper motor Process flowchart collapsing length, under same collapsing length, adjust tooth
The number of teeth of item 41 can control the angle of the rotation of second gear 43, can finally control the opposite of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Rotational angle realizes the bending deformation of the axial stretching and vertical direction of deformation nose cone 100, and simple and stable structure, deflection can
It adjusts, and the degree of modularity is high, is conveniently replaceable part, due to being driven using lead screw and stepper motor, also there is driving force
Greatly, the advantages that loaded protection, deformation velocity are fastly, form control is accurate.
Deformation nose cone 100 according to an embodiment of the present invention for aircraft, passes through telescoping mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and bullet
Property supporting mechanism 3 Union Movement, can the bending deformation in the axial stretching and vertical plane to multiple annular body segments 1 carry out essence
Quasi- control, in the specific wide application prospect in Aerospace Engineering field.
The invention also discloses a kind of aircraft.Aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention, including it is above-mentioned according to the present invention
The deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft of embodiment.
Aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention can by the way that deformation nose cone 100 according to the above embodiment of the present invention is arranged
To realize the deformation of multi-pose, and the heated of aircraft can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, optimize the loaded feelings of aircraft
Condition.
Other of aircraft according to an embodiment of the present invention constitute and operate to come for those of ordinary skill in the art
It says it is known, is not described in detail herein.
In the present invention unless specifically defined or limited otherwise, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, it may be being fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, or integral；It can be mechanical connect
It connects；It can be directly connected, the connection or two members inside two elements can also be can be indirectly connected through an intermediary
The interaction relationship of part, unless otherwise restricted clearly.It for the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific
Situation understands the concrete meaning of above-mentioned term in the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " specific embodiment ", " example " or " specific example " etc.
Description mean particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described in conjunction with this embodiment or example be contained in it is of the invention extremely
In few one embodiment or example.In the present specification, schematic expression of the above terms are necessarily directed to identical
Embodiment or example.Moreover, particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described can in any one or more embodiments or
It can be combined in any suitable manner in example.In addition, without conflicting with each other, those skilled in the art can illustrate this
The feature of different embodiments or examples and different embodiments or examples described in book is combined.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of deformation nose cone for aircraft characterized by comprising
Multiple annular body segments, multiple annular body segments are sequentially connected and are coaxially disposed along the longitudinal direction；
Telescoping mechanism, the telescoping mechanism are connected and scalable along the longitudinal direction with multiple annular body segments, so that adjacent
Two annular body segments can move axially relatively；
At least one elastic supporting mechanism, each elastic supporting mechanism be connected to the annular body segment of adjacent two it
Between, the elastic supporting mechanism is suitable for limiting the annular body segment of adjacent two and moves axially relatively and drive adjacent two
A annular body segment is mobile to straight position；
At least one bending mechanism, each bending mechanism be located between the annular body segment of adjacent two and with the bullet
Property supporting mechanism be respectively provided at the radial both ends of the annular body segment, each bending mechanism is when the telescoping mechanism is flexible
Flexible deformation, to drive the annular body segment of adjacent two to move between straight position and bending position, in the straight position
When setting, the axis of the annular body segment of adjacent two is overlapped, in the bending position, the annular body segment of adjacent two
Axis be angled relative to each other.,
Wherein, the telescoping mechanism includes:
Active guide rail, the active guide rail are located in annular body segment described in the latter and along the annular body segment and extend radially to
Both ends are connected with the annular body segment；
At least one driven guide rail, at least one described driven guide rail one-to-one correspondence are located in front of annular body segment described in the latter
It is connected in other annular body segments and along the both ends that extend radially to of the annular body segment with the annular body segment；
At least one cross link component, each cross link component be located at the active guide rail and the driven guide rail it
Between or the two neighboring driven guide rail between, each cross link component include two pivotly intersect be connected
Connecting rod and four sliding blocks, the end of each connecting rod by the sliding block be slidably disposed in the active guide rail or it is described from
On dynamic guide rail, two cross link components positioned at the driven guide rail two sides share two cunnings on the driven guide rail
Block；
Actuator, the actuator are suitable for driving two sliding blocks being located on the active guide rail close to each other or separate, so that
The angle of the crossing of multiple cross link components changes, to realize the axial movement of the annular body segment.
2. the deformation nose cone according to claim 1 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the actuator includes:
Two driving motors, two driving motors be located in the annular body segment and respectively with two on the active guide rail
A sliding block is connected, to drive the sliding block to slide on the active guide rail.
3. the deformation nose cone according to claim 2 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the active guide rail is formed as silk
Thick stick, the driving motor are integrated into stepper motor with the corresponding sliding block, and the stepper motor can along the axial direction of the lead screw
It is movably located on the lead screw.
4. the deformation nose cone according to claim 1 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the driven guide rail is formed as light
Sliding guide rail.
5. the deformation nose cone according to claim 1 for aircraft, which is characterized in that multiple annular body segments it is interior
Diameter is successively reduced from the front to the back and multiple annular body segments are successively arranged two connected, adjacent annulars along the longitudinal direction
The front end of the latter in body segment forms outer race section and previous rear end forms portion inside, the elastic supporting mechanism and bending
Mechanism is respectively provided between the adjacent outer race section and the portion inside.
6. the deformation nose cone according to claim 5 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the portion inside is equipped with along it
Two fixed parts of circumferentially spaced setting, each bending mechanism include:
Rack gear, the rack gear are mounted in the outer race section and along the axially extending of the annular body segment；
It first gear, the first gear and rack gear engaged transmission and is pivotably coupled to described in two by pivotal axis
On fixed part, at least partly described pivotal axis is formed as gear shaft；
Second gear, the second gear is pivotly connected with two fixed parts and the second gear and the gear
Axis engaged transmission.
7. the deformation nose cone according to claim 6 for aircraft, which is characterized in that on the outer peripheral surface of the portion inside
Equipped with the mounting groove being recessed inwardly, a part of the second gear is located in the mounting groove, two fixed part difference
It is located at the two sides of the mounting groove.
8. the deformation nose cone according to claim 6 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the outer race section, which is equipped with, fixes
Shell, the set casing include:
Connecting plate, the connecting plate are connected with the outer race section and extend along the axis of the annular body segment, and the rack gear is located at
On the connecting plate；
Two support portions, two support portions are respectively provided at the two sides of the connecting plate and are arranged in parallel, two supports
Sliding slot is respectively equipped on the opposite inner sidewall in portion, the free end of two fixed parts is respectively equipped with prolongs far from the mounting groove
The sliding part stretched, the sliding part are suitable for sliding in the sliding slot.
9. the deformation nose cone according to claim 5 for aircraft, which is characterized in that each elastic supporting mechanism
Include:
Outer base, the outer base are located at the inner wall phase between the outer race section and the portion inside and with the outer race section
Even；
Interior base, the interior base are located at the inside of the outer base and are connected with the outside wall surface of the portion inside；
Elastic component, the elastic component are telescopically connected between the outer base and the interior base.
10. the deformation nose cone according to claim 9 for aircraft, which is characterized in that the elastic component includes multiple
It is spaced apart the spring of setting, the both ends of each spring are connected with the outer base and the interior base respectively.
11. the deformation nose cone according to claim 1 to 10 for aircraft, which is characterized in that before being located at most
The annular body segment at end is formed as the round and smooth closed substantially cone in front end, and other annular body segments are respectively formed as radial ruler
The very little hollow cylinder remained unchanged in the axial direction.
12. a kind of aircraft, which is characterized in that including the deformation head of any of claims 1-11 for aircraft
Cone.
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| CN201611148000.1A CN106672264B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | For the deformation nose cone of aircraft and with its aircraft |
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| CN107651169B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-07-28 | 清华大学 | Bionic variant aircraft nose cone device based on hydropneumatic drive |
| CN108466705A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Steel Belt Transmission multilevel sleeve type Zhan Shou mechanisms |
| CN108910011B (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2020-11-13 | 清华大学 | Space-expandable aircraft deformation nose cone with embedded segmented shell |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN205022854U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-02-10 | 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 | Deformable compound aircraft |
| CN105346702A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | Deformation nose cone of aircraft |
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| US9073647B2 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2015-07-07 | Biosphere Aerospace Llc | Space shuttle orbiter and return system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN205022854U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-02-10 | 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 | Deformable compound aircraft |
| CN105346702A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | Deformation nose cone of aircraft |
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