CN106672264A - Deformable nose cone used for air vehicle and air vehicle comprising same - Google Patents
Deformable nose cone used for air vehicle and air vehicle comprising same Download PDFInfo
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- CN106672264A CN106672264A CN201611148000.1A CN201611148000A CN106672264A CN 106672264 A CN106672264 A CN 106672264A CN 201611148000 A CN201611148000 A CN 201611148000A CN 106672264 A CN106672264 A CN 106672264A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B64—AIRCRAFT; AVIATION; COSMONAUTICS
- B64G—COSMONAUTICS; VEHICLES OR EQUIPMENT THEREFOR
- B64G1/00—Cosmonautic vehicles
- B64G1/22—Parts of, or equipment specially adapted for fitting in or to, cosmonautic vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a deformable nose cone used for an air vehicle and the air vehicle comprising the same. The deformable nose cone comprises a plurality of annular body segments, a telescopic mechanism, at least one elastic supporting mechanism and at least one bending mechanism. The telescopic mechanism is connected with the multiple annular body segments and can stretch out and draw back in the front-back direction so that every two adjacent annular body segments can move relatively in the axial direction. Each elastic supporting mechanism is connected between the two corresponding adjacent annular body segments and is suitable for limiting the relative motion of the annular body segments in the axial direction and normally driving the annular body segments to move to straight positions. Each bending mechanism is arranged between the two corresponding adjacent annular body segments, and each bending mechanism and the corresponding elastic supporting mechanism are arranged at the two radial ends of the corresponding annular body segment correspondingly. The bending mechanisms can bend and deform when the telescopic mechanism stretches out and draws back so as to drive the annular body segments to move between the straight positions and the bent positions. According to the deformable nose cone disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, telescoping, bending and deforming can be achieved, and the deformable nose cone has the advantages of being simple and stable in structure, short in deforming time, adjustable in deforming amount, precise in deforming control and the like.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of aerospace technology, more particularly, to a kind of deformation nose cone and tool for aircraft
There is its aircraft.
Background technology
Re-entry space vehicle is while having the course of new aircraft of aircraft and spacecraft function.In flight course, empty day flies
Row device needs experience in atmosphere and too airflight, and atmospheric reentry environmental change, in each stage to its structure
There are different requirements in aerodynamic arrangement.The empty day morphing aircraft of design can independently realize variable aerodynamic configuration, be empty day
The future thrust of Flight Vehicle Structure.Re-entry space vehicle structurally variable is realized, can be from portions such as nose cone, nose of wing, swept-back wings
Dividing is carried out.Can variant structure function if nose cone has, it is possible to improvement is changed by the nose cone dullness of ascent stage and reentry stage and is received
Heat, the drag due to shock wave that reduces, and then optimize aircraft loading conditions.
At present, the design of the aircraft in correlation technique is concentrated mainly on wing field, and the change body technique in nose cone field grinds
Study carefully less.The deformation nose cone device of current existing aircraft only has Chinese patent CN105346702A, is connected using hydraulic-driven
Rod bending mechanism drives folding rod telescoping mechanism to realize the flexible and flexural deformation of nose cone respectively with motor.
The content of the invention
It is contemplated that at least solving one of technical problem in correlation technique to a certain extent.Therefore, the present invention is carried
A kind of deformation nose cone for aircraft is gone out, the deformation nose cone can realize that the bending of axial stretching and vertical direction becomes
Shape, has the advantages that simple and stable structure, deformation time are short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
The invention allows for a kind of aircraft with above-mentioned deformation nose cone.
Deformation nose cone for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, including：Multiple annular body segments, telescoping mechanism, extremely
Few an elastic supporting mechanism and at least one bending mechanism, multiple annular body segments are sequentially connected and coaxially along the longitudinal direction
Set；The telescoping mechanism is connected and scalable along the longitudinal direction with the multiple annular body segment, so that described in adjacent two
Annular body segment can be moved axially relatively；Each described elastic supporting mechanism be connected to the annular body segment of adjacent two it
Between, the elastic supporting mechanism is suitable to two adjacent annular body segments of limitation and moves axially relatively and often drive adjacent
Two annular body segments are moved to straight position；Each described bending mechanism is located between the annular body segment of adjacent two
And the radial direction two ends of the annular body segment are respectively provided at the elastic supporting mechanism, each described bending mechanism is described flexible
Flexible deformation when mechanism is flexible, to drive the annular body segment of adjacent two to be moved between straight position and bending position,
During the straight position, the axis of two adjacent annular body segments overlaps, in the bending position, two adjacent institutes
The axis for stating annular body segment is angled relative to each other.
The deformation nose cone for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, can realize the curved of axial stretching and vertical direction
Song deformation, has the advantages that simple and stable structure, deformation time are short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
In addition, deformation nose cone according to the above embodiment of the present invention can also have following additional technical characteristic：
Some embodiments of the invention, the telescoping mechanism includes：Active guide rail, the active guide rail is located at latter
The individual annular body segment is interior and the two ends that extend radially to along the annular body segment are connected with the annular body segment；At least one from
Dynamic guide rail, driven guide rail corresponds other the described annular solids being located in front of the latter annular body segment described at least one
Section is interior and the two ends that extend radially to along the annular body segment are connected with the annular body segment；At least one cross link component,
Each described cross link component is located between the active guide rail and the driven guide rail or two neighboring described driven leads
Between rail, each described cross link component pivotly intersects connected connecting rod and four sliding blocks including two, described in each
The end of connecting rod is slidably disposed on the active guide rail or the driven guide rail by the sliding block, driven is led positioned at described
Two cross link components of rail both sides share two sliding blocks on the driven guide rail；Actuator, the actuator is fitted
In driving two sliding blocks on the active guide rail close to each other or away from so that the friendship of multiple cross link components
Fork angle changes, to realize the axial movement of the annular body segment.
Alternatively, the actuator includes：Two motors, two motors are located in the annular body segment
And be connected with two sliding blocks on the active guide rail respectively, to drive the sliding block to be slided on the active guide rail.
Further, the active guide rail is formed as leading screw, and the motor is integrated into step with the corresponding sliding block
Stepper motor, the stepper motor is axially movably located on the leading screw along the leading screw.
Alternatively, the driven guide rail is formed as polished rod.
Some embodiments of the invention, the internal diameter of multiple annular body segments is reduced and multiple institutes successively from the front to the back
The front end for stating latter that annular body segment is arranged in the annular body segment of connected, adjacent two successively along the longitudinal direction forms outer
Set portion and previous rear end formation portion inside, the elastic supporting mechanism and bending mechanism are respectively provided at the adjacent overcoat
Between portion and the portion inside.
Some embodiments of the invention, the portion inside is provided with and circumferentially-spaced opens up two fixations putting along its
Portion, each described bending mechanism includes：Tooth bar, the tooth bar is arranged in the outer race section and along the axial direction of the annular body segment
Extend；First gear, the first gear is pivotably coupled to two institutes with the tooth bar engaged transmission and by pivotal axis
State on fixed part, at least part of pivotal axis is formed as gear shaft；Second gear, the second gear and two fixations
Portion is pivotly connected and the second gear and the gear shaft engaged transmission.
Alternatively, the outer peripheral face of the portion inside is provided with the mounting groove for caving inward, a part for the second gear
It is located in the mounting groove, two fixed parts are respectively provided at the both sides of the mounting groove.
Alternatively, the outer race section is provided with set casing, and the set casing includes：Connecting plate, the connecting plate with it is described
Outer race section is connected and the axis along the annular body segment extends, and the tooth bar is located on the connecting plate；Two supporting parts, two
The supporting part is respectively provided at the both sides of the connecting plate and be arranged in parallel, divides on two relative madial walls of the supporting part
Chute is not provided with, and the free end of two fixed parts is respectively equipped with the sliding part extended away from the mounting groove, the slip
Portion is suitable to be slided in the chute.
Some embodiments of the invention, each described elastic supporting mechanism includes：Outer base, the outer base is located at
It is connected between the outer race section and the portion inside and with the internal face of the outer race section；Interior base, the interior base is located at institute
State the inner side of outer base and be connected with the outside wall surface of the portion inside；Elastic component, the elastic component is telescopically connected to described
Between outer base and the interior base.
Alternatively, the elastic component includes multiple springs for being spaced apart and setting, the two ends of each spring respectively with institute
Outer base is stated to be connected with the interior base.
Some embodiments of the invention, the big of the round and smooth closing in front end is formed as positioned at described annular body segment foremost
Body cone, other annular body segments are respectively formed as the hollow circular cylinder that radial dimension keeps constant in the axial direction.
Aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, including the change forming head for aircraft according to the above embodiment of the present invention
Cone.
Aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, by setting deformation nose cone according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can be with
The deformation of multi-pose is realized, and being heated for aircraft can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, optimize the loading conditions of aircraft.
Additional aspect of the invention and advantage will be set forth in part in the description, and will partly become from the following description
Obtain substantially, or recognized by practice of the invention.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic perspective view of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the line A-A along Fig. 2；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of the telescoping mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram for state of the telescoping mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the elastic supporting mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram for annular body segment of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the enlarged diagram in the B portions that Fig. 7 centre circles show；
Fig. 9 is the stereogram of the bending mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention；
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the bending mechanism of deformation nose cone according to embodiments of the present invention.
Reference：
100：Deformation nose cone；
1：Annular body segment；11：Outer race section；12：Portion inside；111：Set casing；1111：Connecting plate；1112：Supporting part；
1113：Chute；121：Fixed part；122：Mounting groove；1211：Sliding part；
2：Telescoping mechanism；21：Active guide rail；22：Driven guide rail；23：Cross link component；231：Connecting rod；232：Sliding block；
241：Motor；
3：Elastic supporting mechanism；31：Outer base；32：Interior base；33：Elastic component；331：Spring；
4：Bending mechanism；41：Tooth bar；42：First gear；44：Gear shaft；43：Second gear.
Specific embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, the example of the embodiment is shown in the drawings.Below with reference to
The embodiment of Description of Drawings is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and be not considered as limiting the invention, ability
The those of ordinary skill in domain can be changed to above-described embodiment, change, replacing and modification within the scope of the invention.
In the description of the invention, it is to be understood that term " on ", it is D score, "front", "rear", "left", "right", " perpendicular
Directly ", the orientation or position relationship of the instruction such as " level ", " interior ", " outward ", " axial direction ", " radial direction ", " circumference " are based on shown in accompanying drawing
Orientation or position relationship, be for only for ease of the description present invention and simplify and describe, rather than indicating or imply signified device
Or element with specific orientation, with specific azimuth configuration and operation, therefore must be not considered as limiting the invention.
Additionally, term " first ", " second " are only used for describing purpose, and it is not intended that indicating or implying relative importance
Or the implicit quantity for indicating indicated technical characteristic.Thus, define " first ", the feature of " second " can express or
Implicitly include at least one this feature.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, fisrt feature second feature " on " or D score can be with
It is the first and second feature directly contacts, or the first and second features are by intermediary mediate contact.And, fisrt feature exists
Second feature " on ", " top " and " above " can be fisrt feature directly over second feature or oblique upper, or only table
Show that fisrt feature level height is higher than second feature.Fisrt feature second feature " under ", " lower section " and " below " can be
Fisrt feature is immediately below second feature or obliquely downward, or is merely representative of fisrt feature level height less than second feature.
Describe the deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein, on
Lower direction, left and right directions and fore-and-aft direction are defined by the above-below direction, left and right directions and the fore-and-aft direction that illustrate respectively.
Shown in reference picture 1- Fig. 3, the deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention can include：It is many
Individual annular body segment 1, telescoping mechanism 2, at least one elastic supporting mechanism 3 and at least one bending mechanism 4., wherein it is desired to illustrate
, " multiple " is meant that at least two, such as two, three etc., and the quantity of annular body segment 1 is positive integer.Also
It is to say, annular body segment 1 can be two or more.For example, in example as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, annular body segment 1 is five.
Specifically, multiple annular body segments 1 can be sequentially connected along the longitudinal direction, and multiple annular body segments 1 are coaxially disposed,
There can be deformation gap between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, to allow to deform two annular solids adjacent when nose cone 100 deforms
There is relative motion in section 1.
As shown in figures 1 and 3, telescoping mechanism 2 can be connected with multiple annular body segments 1, and telescoping mechanism 2 is along the longitudinal direction
It is scalable, so that two adjacent annular body segments 1 can be moved axially relatively, so as to realize deforming the flexible of nose cone 100.
Each elastic supporting mechanism 3 can be connected between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is suitable to
Two adjacent annular body segments 1 of limitation are moved axially relatively, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 can often drive two adjacent annulars
Body segment 1 is moved to straight position.In other words, elastic supporting mechanism 3 is connected between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, to support
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 has certain elasticity, can limit the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Between move axially, flexibly hinder adjacent two annular body segments 1 that relative displacements occur, so that two adjacent annulars
Body segment 1 is moved to straight position.
Each bending mechanism 4 can be located between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, and bending mechanism 4 and resilient support
Mechanism 3 is respectively provided at the radial direction two ends of annular body segment 1, the flexible deformation when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches of each bending mechanism 4, with
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two is driven to be moved between straight position and bending position, in straight position, two adjacent rings
The axis of body section 1 overlaps, and in bending position, the axis of two adjacent annular body segments 1 is angled relative to each other.
That is, when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, the bending mechanism 4 positioned at radial direction one end of annular body segment 1 allows adjacent
Deformed between two annular body segments 1, and the elastic supporting mechanism 3 for being located at the radial direction other end of annular body segment 1 hinders adjacent
Two annular body segments 1 between deform.Thus, in the common work of telescoping mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3
Under, while flexible, the axis of the two can coincide with one another or be angled relative to each other two adjacent annular body segments 1, so that
The annular body segment 1 of adjacent two can be moved between straight position and bending position, and then can realize deforming nose cone 100
Flexible and flexural deformation.
Also, the flexible of telescoping mechanism 2 makes the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two that axially opposing movement to occur, simultaneously, curved
Bent mechanism 4 occurs bending and deformation, the provided auxiliary of elastic supporting mechanism 3 elasticity restriction effect so that deform the not only structure of nose cone 100
Simple and stable, and deformation time can be shortened.
It is understood that the stroke of control telescoping mechanism 2, the deformable amount of adaptive settings each bending mechanisms 4,
And the elastic stiffness of each elastic supporting mechanism 3 is adjusted, the deflection of deformation nose cone 100 can be adjusted, and can be to deformation
The deflection of nose cone 100 carries out precise control.
The deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, will telescopic telescopic machine along the longitudinal direction
Structure 2 is connected with multiple annular body segments 1, makes the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two axially translatable using telescoping mechanism 2, will at least
One bending mechanism 4 of elastic supporting mechanism 3 and at least one is connected between the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two, and by bending machine
Structure 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 are respectively provided at the radial direction two ends of annular body segment 1, make the bending mechanism 4 can when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches
With flexural deformation, while limiting the relative movement vertically of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two using elastic supporting mechanism 3, stretching
Under the collective effect of contracting mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3, adjacent two annular body segments 1 while flexible,
The axis of the two can coincide with one another or be angled relative to each other, so that adjacent two annular body segments 1 can be in straight position and curved
Moved between bent position, and then can realize deforming axial stretching and the flexural deformation of nose cone 100, and it is steady with simple structure
Calmly, the advantages of deformation time is short, deflection is adjustable, Deformation control is accurate.
Some embodiments of the invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, can be formed as positioned at annular body segment 1 foremost
The substantially cone of the round and smooth closing in front end, other annular body segments 1 can be respectively formed as radial dimension and keep constant in the axial direction
Hollow circular cylinder, and rear stage annular body segment 1 radial dimension more than previous stage annular body segment 1 radial dimension so that
Being heated for deformation nose cone 100 can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, and then the loading conditions of deformation nose cone 100 can be optimized.
The telescoping mechanism 2 of deformation nose cone 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is described first below.
Some embodiments of the invention, with reference to shown in Fig. 2-Fig. 5, telescoping mechanism 2 can include：Active guide rail 21,
At least one driven guide rail 22, at least one cross link component 23 and actuator.
As shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 can be located in latter annular body segment 1, and active guide rail 21 can edge
Annular body segment 1 extends radially to two ends, and the two ends of active guide rail 21 can be connected with annular body segment 1.At least one driven guide rail
22 can be located in latter other annular body segments 1 in the front of annular body segment 1 correspondingly, and driven guide rail 22 can be along ring
Body section 1 extends radially to two ends, and the two ends of driven guide rail 22 can be connected with annular body segment 1.
Each cross link component 23 can be located between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 or adjacent two from
Between dynamic guide rail 22, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, each cross link component 23 pivotly intersects connected connecting rod including two
231 and four sliding blocks 232, the end of each connecting rod 231 can be slidably disposed in active guide rail 21 or driven by sliding block 232
On guide rail 22, two cross link components 23 positioned at the both sides of driven guide rail 22 can share two sliding blocks on driven guide rail 22
232.Thus, when two connecting rods 231 are pivoted, with the change of the angle of the crossing between two connecting rods 231, drive connecting rod 231 with from
The distance between dynamic connecting rod 231 and the distance between two follower links 231 can change, and share setting for sliding block 232
Meter can realize two adjacent linkages of cross link component 23, thus between adjacent two annular body segments 1 axially away from
From can change, and then can realize flexible between the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two.
That is, between the latter annular active guide rail 21 of body segment 1 and the driven guide rail 22 of previous annular body segment 1
Or it is provided with a cross link component 23, cross link component between two adjacent two driven guide rails 22 of annular body segment 1
23 include two connecting rods 231 and four sliding blocks 232, and two connecting rods 231 intersect and are connected and can be pivoted relative to each other, four 232 points of sliding blocks
Two ends of connecting rod 231 are not connected to, and four sliding blocks 232 are slidably disposed on active guide rail 21 or driven guide rail 22.From
And when two connecting rods 231 are pivoted, four sliding blocks 232 can be slided on active guide rail 21 or driven guide rail 22；Similarly, when
When two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 are slided, two connecting rods 231 can be pivoted relative to each other, in the case of two kinds, active guide rail 21
Can all be changed with the distance between the distance between driven guide rail 22 and two driven guide rails 22, be thus capable of achieving adjacent
Two annular body segments 1 between axial stretching.
For example, driven guide rail 22 can be one, as shown in figure 5, being provided with one between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22
Individual cross link component 23, four sliding blocks 232 are respectively provided on active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22.
Again for example, as shown in figure 4, driven guide rail 22 can be three, the ring where active guide rail 21 and active guide rail 21
A cross link component 23, and adjacent two are provided between driven guide rail 22 on the previous annular body segment 1 of body section 1
A cross link component 23 is provided between individual driven guide rail 22, two are equipped with active guide rail 21 and each driven guide rail 22
Sliding block 232, now, cross link component 23 has three, and positioned at two cross links of the same both sides of driven guide rail 22
Component 23 shares two sliding blocks 232 on the driven guide rail 22, such that it is able to make three cross link components 23 realize linkage, makes
Obtaining active guide rail 21 can occur to change in linkage with the distance between driven guide rail 22 and two adjacent driven guide rails 22.
For actuator, actuator be suitable to drive two sliding blocks 232 on the active guide rail 21 close to each other or
Away from, so that the angle of the crossing of multiple cross link components 23 changes, to realize the axial movement of annular body segment 1.
Specifically, actuator can drive two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 to move, when on active guide rail 21
When two sliding blocks 232 are close to each other, two connecting rods 231 being connected with the sliding block 232 are pivoted, between two connecting rods 231
The angle of the crossing reduces so that in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 between the active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 that are connected by two connecting rods 231
On distance increase, simultaneously, two sliding blocks 232 being located on driven guide rail 22 are also close to each other, drive with the sliding block 232
Two connected connecting rods 231 link, it is to be understood that in ring between the two driven guide rails 22 connected by two connecting rods 231
Distance in the axial direction of body section 1 also increases, and such that it is able to increase the axial distance between each two annular body segment 1, realizes
Deform the axial elongation of nose cone 100.
And when two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 away from each other when, two connecting rods 231 being connected with the sliding block 232
It is pivoted, the angle of the crossing between two connecting rods 231 increase so that the active guide rail 21 that is connected by two connecting rods 231 and driven
Distance between guide rail 22 in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 reduces, and simultaneously, is located at two sliding blocks on driven guide rail 22
232 also away from each other, and two connecting rods 231 that drive is connected with the sliding block 232 link, and similarly, are connected by two connecting rods 231
Distance between two driven guide rails 22 in the axial direction of annular body segment 1 also reduces, such that it is able to make each two annular body segment 1 it
Between axial distance reduce, realize deformation nose cone 100 axial shortening.
Alternatively, actuator can include：Two motors 241, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, two motors 241 can
To be located in annular body segment 1, and two motors 241 can be connected with two sliding blocks 232 on active guide rail 21 respectively, with
Sliding block 232 is driven to be slided on active guide rail 21.In other words, two motors 241 respectively with active guide rail 21 on two
Sliding block 232 is connected, and two motors 241 drive two sliding blocks 232 to be moved on active guide rail 21 respectively, so as to connect to intersect
Bar assembly 23 provides power and changes the angle of the crossing, and drives two sliding blocks 232 on driven guide rail 22 to move, and it is driven that linkage is set
Sliding block 232 and cross link component 23 on guide rail 22 can simultaneously realize linkage, and then can realize deforming stretching for nose cone 100
Compression deformation.
Also, the adjustability and controllability of motor 241 are good, sliding block 232 can be driven by controlling motor 241
Translational speed, the initial angle of the crossing of cross link component 23 is set to suitable value, can with each annular body segment 1 of precise control it
Between telescopic level.
In certain embodiments, as shown in Figure 3-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 can be formed as leading screw, and motor 241 can be with
Corresponding sliding block 232 is integrated into stepper motor, and stepper motor is axially movably located on leading screw along leading screw.Thus, it is possible to
By adjusting stepper motor process come the dilatability of precise control annular body segment 1, the deformation gesture stability of nose cone 100 can be improved
Flexibility.
Advantageously, screw thread can be provided with the outer peripheral face of leading screw, the screw thread is designed to auto-lock function, so,
After the telescopic shape change for having adjusted deformation nose cone 100, self-locking thread can provide reverse fixation, will not become because of bearing capacity
Change and inverse metamorphism occurs, such that it is able to improve the stability and reliability of the deformation deformation of nose cone 100 so that controllability and control essence
Exactness is higher.
Alternatively, driven guide rail 22 can be formed as polished rod, i.e., driven guide rail 22 is formed as smooth guide, by will be driven
Guide rail 22 is set to smooth guide, can reduce the frictional force between driven guide rail 22 and sliding block 232, is easy to control.
Some embodiments of the invention, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the internal diameter of multiple annular body segments 1 can from the front to the back according to
Secondary reduction, and multiple annular body segment 1 can be arranged successively along the longitudinal direction it is latter in the annular body segments 1 of connected, adjacent two
Individual front end can form outer race section 11, and previous rear end can form portion inside 12, elastic supporting mechanism 3 and bending
Mechanism 4 can be respectively provided between adjacent outer race section 11 and portion inside 12, common to realize deformation with when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches
The flexural deformation of nose cone 100.
The bending mechanism 4 of deformation nose cone 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is retouched in detail with reference to Fig. 7-Figure 10
State.
As shown in Figure 7, Figure 8 and Figure 9, can be provided with portion inside 12 along its circumferentially-spaced two fixed part putting of opening up
121, each bending mechanism 4 can include：Tooth bar 41, first gear 42 and second gear 43, wherein, tooth bar 41 may be mounted at
In outer race section 11, tooth bar 41 can be with the engaged transmission of tooth bar 41, and along the axially extending of annular body segment 1, first gear 42
One gear 42 can be pivotably coupled on two fixed parts 121 by pivotal axis, and at least part of pivotal axis can be formed as
Gear shaft 44, second gear 43 is pivotly connected with two fixed parts 121, and second gear 43 engages biography with gear shaft 44
It is dynamic.
When telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, tooth bar 41 can be engaged with first gear 42, by between adjacent two annular body segments 1
Movement be converted into the relative movement of tooth bar 41 and first gear 42, first gear 42 and the engagement rotation of tooth bar 41, and drive tooth
Wheel shaft 44 is rotated, at the same time, gear shaft 44 and the engaged transmission of second gear 43, because second gear 43 and fixed part 121 can
Pivotally be connected, thus by tooth bar 41 and first gear 42 engage and gear shaft 44 can be permitted with engaging for second gear 43
Perhaps the axial stretching between the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two, coordinates follow-up elastic supporting mechanism 3 to hinder to make in the elasticity of the other end
With, the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two can be made to be moved to bending position, realize the flexural deformation of deformation nose cone 100.
The mounting groove 122 for caving inward, second gear can be provided with as shown in Fig. 7-Figure 10, on the outer peripheral face of portion inside 12
43 a part of can be located in mounting groove 122, and two fixed parts 121 can be respectively provided at the both sides of mounting groove 122, a side
Face can make simple and compact for structure, on the other hand can optimize the structure of bending mechanism 4, improve force stability.
Alternatively, set casing 111 can be provided with outer race section 11, as shown in Figure 8 and Figure 9, set casing 111 can include：Even
Fishplate bar 1111 and two supporting parts 1112, connecting plate 1111 can be connected with outer race section 11, and connecting plate 1111 can be along annular solid
The axis of section 1 extends, and tooth bar 41 can be located on connecting plate 1111, tooth bar 41 is connected with outer race section 11.Two supporting parts
1112 both sides that can be respectively provided at connecting plate 1111 and it be arranged in parallel, can be respectively on two relative madial walls of supporting part 1112
Chute 1113 is provided with, the free end of two fixed parts 121 is respectively equipped with the sliding part 1211 extended away from mounting groove 122, slides
Portion 1211 is suitable to be slided in chute 1113.So, when the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two stretches, by the tooth of tooth bar 41 and first
The engaged transmission of wheel 42, cooperating teeth wheel shaft 44 and the engaged transmission of second gear 43, can make the sliding part in portion inside 12
Slided in 1211 chute 1113 in outer race section 11, so as to further improve stability and reliability.
Figure 10 is the side view of the horizontal direction of bending mechanism 4, as shown in Figure 10, when telescoping mechanism 2 extends, first gear 42
It is now, previous in two adjacent annular body segments 1 with the rotation direction of second gear 43 as shown in the curve arrow in figure
Moved forward relative to latter, as shown in the straight arrows in figure, it is hereby achieved that larger gearratio, makes second gear
43 rotational angle is smaller so that stability and reliability of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two in flexible and flexural deformation are more
It is excellent.
It is understood that bending mechanism 4 move during, elastic supporting mechanism 3 with bending mechanism 4 relative to
Radial direction one end be that adjacent two annular body segments 1 provide elastic restraint, to limit the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two vertically
Relative movement, and often drive the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two to be moved to straight position, so as to realize deforming the curved of nose cone 100
Song deformation.
Elastic supporting mechanism 3 according to embodiments of the present invention is described in detail with reference to Fig. 6.
Some embodiments of the invention, as shown in fig. 6, each elastic supporting mechanism 3 can include：Outer base 31,
Interior base 32 and elastic component 33, outer base 31 can be located between outer race section 11 and portion inside 12, and outer base 31 can with it is outer
The internal face in set portion 11 is connected, and interior base 32 can be located at the inner side of outer base 31, and interior base 32 can be outer with external connection portion
Wall is connected, and elastic component 33 is telescopically connected between outer base 31 and interior base 32.That is, elastic supporting member for supporting optical member
Outer base 31 is connected with the outer race section 11 of latter annular body segment 1, the phase of portion inside 12 of interior base 32 and previous annular body segment 1
Even, the elastic component 33 that interior base 32 passes through to be located at therebetween with outer base 31 is connected, and elastic component 33 is scalable.
Thus, the scalability of elastic component 33 allows the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two a range of relative in generation
Displacement, to adapt to the flexural deformation of the flexible and bending mechanism 4 of telescoping mechanism 2, and can limit two adjacent annular solids
There is large-scale relative displacement between section 1, such that it is able to make the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two be moved to straight position.
As described above, when telescoping mechanism 2 stretches, the flexural deformation of bending mechanism 4, and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is flexibly
Two adjacent annular body segments 1 of limitation are relatively moved in the axial direction, because bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 are located at
The radial direction two ends of annular body segment 1, can be such that the side for being provided with bending mechanism 4 of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two is sent out when flexible
Raw flexural deformation, such that it is able to realize deforming the flexural deformation of nose cone 100.
Alternatively, as shown in fig. 6, elastic component 33 can include multiple springs 331 for being spaced apart and setting, each spring 331
Two ends can be connected with outer base 31 and interior base 32 respectively, for supporting outer base 31 and interior base 32 and adapting to adjacent two
Axial stretching and flexural deformation between individual annular body segment 1.
For example, in the example shown in fig. 6, elastic component 33 includes being disposed between outer base 31 and interior base 32
Eight springs 331, eight uniform intervals of spring 331 are set, to improve stability and realize deformation.Certainly, knot of the invention
Structure not limited to this, spring 331 can also be other quantity, and this will be understood by for a person skilled in the art,
This is not described in detail.
It is understood that one of them in bending mechanism 4 and elastic supporting mechanism 3 is located at two adjacent annular solids
The upper end of section 1, another is located at lower end.For example, as shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, bending mechanism 4 is located at the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Top, elastic supporting mechanism 3 is located at adjacent two bottoms of annular body segment 1, the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two can be made to exist
Bending is realized in vertical plane, flexural deformation of the deformation nose cone 100 in vertical plane is realized.
It should be noted that bending mechanism 4 is orthogonal with active guide rail 21 with the imaginary line of elastic supporting mechanism 3, and
Active guide rail 21 is parallel with driven guide rail 22, to ensure to deform freedom of the nose cone 100 in dilatation and bending deformation process
Degree, improves stability and reliability.For example, in example as Figure 1-Figure 5, active guide rail 21 and the equal edge of driven guide rail 22
Left and right directions extends so that deformation nose cone 100 can realize flexural deformation in vertical plane.
The motion mode and deformation process to the deformation nose cone 100 according to the specific embodiment of the invention are retouched in detail below
State.
Deformation nose cone 100 according to embodiments of the present invention, main drive is from two stepping electricity in telescoping mechanism 2
Machine, when nose cone 100 is deformed in undeformed state, multiple annular body segments 1 are located at straight position, the axle of multiple annular body segments 1
Line overlaps, and after deformation instruction sends, two stepper motors symmetrical inwardly motion on leading screw of telescoping mechanism 2 drives and intersects
The sliding block 232 of link assembly 23 is drawn close from end to centre, and the angle of the crossing of cross link component 23 diminishes, two ends of connecting rod 231
The sliding block 232 in portion is synchronous close to the middle part of driven guide rail 22, the distance between active guide rail 21 and driven guide rail 22 and adjacent
The increase of the distance between two driven guide rails 22, multiple annular body segments 1 extend in the axial direction, and deformation nose cone 100 occurs entirety
Elongation strain.
Simultaneously, the tooth bar 41 in bending mechanism 4 and the engaged transmission of first gear 42, while the tooth of gear shaft 44 and second
43 engaged transmissions are taken turns, makes to be slided in chute 1113 of the sliding part 1211 on fixed part 121 on set casing 111, bending mechanism 4
Flexible with adjacent two annular body segments 1 realizes flexure operation, and the multiple springs 331 in elastic supporting mechanism 3 make it is adjacent
The bottom of two annular body segments 1 only produce the moving axially relative of slight amplitude, but hinder the annular body segments 1 of adjacent two it
Between occur significantly to deform so that deformation nose cone 100 synchronously complete specific elongation and flexural deformation, to reach deformation nose cone
100 deformation requirements.
It is understood that when two stepper motors in telescoping mechanism 2 are symmetrically moved out on leading screw, deforming nose cone
100 deformation direction is square with deformation mentioned above opposite, it is possible to achieve the shortening and flexural deformation of deformation nose cone 100.
In short, deformation nose cone 100 can be divided into two states according to whether it deforms：During in straight position, each annular
Body segment 1 is coaxially disposed；During in elongation flexural deformation state, the axis of each annular body segment 1 no longer overlaps, and extends synchronous with bending
Carry out, two adjacent annular axial distances of body segment 1 increase and rotate down certain angle.
To sum up, deformation nose cone 100 according to embodiments of the present invention is when being deformed, and expanding-contracting action is synchronous with flexure operation
Carry out, according to practical distortion demand, adjust stepper motor Process flowchart collapsing length, under same collapsing length, adjust tooth
The number of teeth of bar 41 can control the angle that second gear 43 is rotated, and can finally control the relative of the annular body segment 1 of adjacent two
Rotational angle, realizes the flexural deformation of the axial stretching and vertical direction of deformation nose cone 100, and simple and stable structure, deflection can
Adjust, and the degree of modularity is high, is conveniently replaceable part, due to being driven using leading screw and stepper motor, also with driving force
Greatly, the advantages of stand under load is protected, deformation velocity is fast, morphology Control is accurate.
Deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, by telescoping mechanism 2, bending mechanism 4 and bullet
Property supporting mechanism 3 Union Movement, essence can be carried out to the flexural deformation in the axial stretching and vertical plane of multiple annular body segments 1
Quasi- control, in the specific wide application prospect in Aerospace Engineering field.
The invention also discloses a kind of aircraft.Aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, including it is above-mentioned according to the present invention
The deformation nose cone 100 for aircraft of embodiment.
Aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention, by setting deformation nose cone 100 according to the above embodiment of the present invention, can
To realize the deformation of multi-pose, and being heated for aircraft can be improved, reduce drag due to shock wave, optimize the stand under load feelings of aircraft
Condition.
Other of aircraft according to embodiments of the present invention constitute and operate to come for one of ordinary skill in the art
Say it is knowable, be not described in detail herein.
In the present invention, unless otherwise clearly defined and limited, term " installation ", " connected ", " connection ", " fixation " etc.
Term should be interpreted broadly, for example, it may be fixedly connected, or be detachably connected, or integrally；Can be that machinery connects
Connect；Can be joined directly together, it is also possible to be indirectly connected to by intermediary, can be two element internals connection or two units
The interaction relationship of part, unless otherwise clearly restriction.For the ordinary skill in the art, can be according to specific
Situation understands above-mentioned term concrete meaning in the present invention.
In the description of this specification, reference term " embodiment ", " specific embodiment ", " example " or " specific example " etc.
Description mean the specific features described with reference to the embodiment or example, structure, material or feature be contained in it is of the invention extremely
In few one embodiment or example.In this manual, the schematic representation to above-mentioned term is necessarily directed to identical
Embodiment or example.And, the specific features of description, structure, material or feature can in any one or more embodiments or
Combined in an appropriate manner in example.Additionally, in the case of not conflicting, those skilled in the art can illustrate this
The feature of different embodiments or example and different embodiments or example described in book is combined and combines.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of deformation nose cone for aircraft, it is characterised in that including：
Multiple annular body segments, multiple annular body segments are sequentially connected and are coaxially disposed along the longitudinal direction；
Telescoping mechanism, the telescoping mechanism is connected and scalable along the longitudinal direction with the multiple annular body segment, so that adjacent
Two annular body segments can be moved axially relatively；
At least one elastic supporting mechanism, each described elastic supporting mechanism be connected to the annular body segment of adjacent two it
Between, the elastic supporting mechanism is suitable to two adjacent annular body segments of limitation and moves axially relatively and often drive adjacent
Two annular body segments are moved to straight position；
At least one bending mechanism, each described bending mechanism be located between the annular body segment of adjacent two and with the bullet
Property supporting mechanism be respectively provided at the radial direction two ends of the annular body segment, each described bending mechanism is when the telescoping mechanism is flexible
Flexible deformation, to drive the annular body segment of adjacent two to be moved between straight position and bending position, in the straight position
When putting, the axis of two adjacent annular body segments overlaps, in the bending position, two adjacent annular body segments
Axis be angled relative to each other.
2. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the telescoping mechanism includes：
Active guide rail, the active guide rail is located in the latter annular body segment and extending radially to along the annular body segment
Two ends are connected with the annular body segment；
At least one driven guide rail, driven guide rail described at least one is corresponded and is located in front of the latter annular body segment
Other described annular body segments are interior and the two ends that extend radially to along the annular body segment are connected with the annular body segment；
At least one cross link component, each described cross link component be located at the active guide rail and the driven guide rail it
Between or the two neighboring driven guide rail between, each described cross link component include two pivotly intersect be connected
Connecting rod and four sliding blocks, the end of each connecting rod by the sliding block be slidably disposed in the active guide rail or it is described from
On dynamic guide rail, two cross link components positioned at the driven guide rail both sides share two cunnings on the driven guide rail
Block；
Actuator, the actuator be suitable to drive two sliding blocks on the active guide rail close to each other or away from so that
The angle of the crossing of multiple cross link components changes, to realize the axial movement of the annular body segment.
3. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the actuator includes：
Two motors, two motors be located in the annular body segment and respectively with the active guide rail on two
The individual sliding block is connected, to drive the sliding block to be slided on the active guide rail.
4. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the active guide rail is formed as silk
Thick stick, the motor is integrated into stepper motor with the corresponding sliding block, and the stepper motor can along the axial direction of the leading screw
Movably it is located on the leading screw.
5. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the driven guide rail is formed as light
Bar.
6. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 1, it is characterised in that multiple annular body segments it is interior
Footpath is reduced successively from the front to the back and multiple annular body segments are arranged two connected, adjacent annulars successively along the longitudinal direction
Latter individual front end in body segment forms outer race section and previous rear end forms portion inside, the elastic supporting mechanism and bending
Mechanism is respectively provided between the adjacent outer race section and the portion inside.
7. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the portion inside is provided with along it
Circumferentially-spaced to open up two fixed parts put, each described bending mechanism includes：
Tooth bar, the tooth bar is arranged in the outer race section and along the axially extending of the annular body segment；
First gear, the first gear is pivotably coupled to described in two with the tooth bar engaged transmission and by pivotal axis
On fixed part, at least part of pivotal axis is formed as gear shaft；
Second gear, the second gear is pivotly connected and the second gear and the gear with two fixed parts
Axle engaged transmission.
8. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 7, it is characterised in that on the outer peripheral face of the portion inside
The mounting groove for caving inward is provided with, a part for the second gear is located in the mounting groove, two fixed part difference
It is located at the both sides of the mounting groove.
9. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the outer race section is provided with fixation
Shell, the set casing includes：
Connecting plate, the connecting plate is connected with the outer race section and the axis along the annular body segment extends, and the tooth bar is located at
On the connecting plate；
Two supporting parts, two supporting parts are respectively provided at the both sides of the connecting plate and be arranged in parallel, two supports
Chute is respectively equipped with the relative madial wall in portion, the free end of two fixed parts is respectively equipped with prolongs away from the mounting groove
The sliding part stretched, the sliding part is suitable to be slided in the chute.
10. the deformation nose cone for aircraft according to claim 6, it is characterised in that each described resilient support machine
Structure includes：
Outer base, the outer base be located between the outer race section and the portion inside and with the internal face phase of the outer race section
Even；
Interior base, the interior base is located at the inner side of the outer base and is connected with the outside wall surface of the portion inside；
Elastic component, the elastic component is telescopically connected between the outer base and the interior base.
The 11. deformation nose cones for aircraft according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the elastic component includes multiple
The spring for setting is spaced apart, the two ends of each spring are connected with the outer base and the interior base respectively.
The 12. deformation nose cone for aircraft according to any one of claim 1-11, it is characterised in that before most
The described annular body segment at end is formed as the substantially cone of the round and smooth closing in front end, and other annular body segments are respectively formed as radial ruler
It is very little to keep constant hollow circular cylinder in the axial direction.
13. a kind of aircraft, it is characterised in that including the change forming head for aircraft any one of claim 1-12
Cone.
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| CN201611148000.1A CN106672264B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | For the deformation nose cone of aircraft and with its aircraft |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611148000.1A CN106672264B (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2016-12-13 | For the deformation nose cone of aircraft and with its aircraft |
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| CN107651169A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-02 | 清华大学 | A kind of bionical morphing aircraft nose cone device based on hydropneumatic driving |
| CN108466705A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Steel Belt Transmission multilevel sleeve type Zhan Shou mechanisms |
| CN108910011A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-30 | 清华大学 | It is a kind of containing can the aircraft that can open up of space of nested merogenesis shell deform nose cone |
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| US20150284110A1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2015-10-08 | Biosphere Aerospace Llc | Space shuttle orbiter and return system |
| CN205022854U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-02-10 | 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 | Deformable compound aircraft |
| CN105346702A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | Deformation nose cone of aircraft |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US20150284110A1 (en) * | 2013-04-25 | 2015-10-08 | Biosphere Aerospace Llc | Space shuttle orbiter and return system |
| CN205022854U (en) * | 2015-08-28 | 2016-02-10 | 武汉捷特航空科技有限公司 | Deformable compound aircraft |
| CN105346702A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-24 | 清华大学 | Deformation nose cone of aircraft |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107651169A (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2018-02-02 | 清华大学 | A kind of bionical morphing aircraft nose cone device based on hydropneumatic driving |
| CN107651169B (en) * | 2017-08-31 | 2020-07-28 | 清华大学 | Bionic variant aircraft nose cone device based on hydropneumatic drive |
| CN108466705A (en) * | 2018-03-28 | 2018-08-31 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of Steel Belt Transmission multilevel sleeve type Zhan Shou mechanisms |
| CN108910011A (en) * | 2018-05-08 | 2018-11-30 | 清华大学 | It is a kind of containing can the aircraft that can open up of space of nested merogenesis shell deform nose cone |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106672264B (en) | 2018-12-11 |
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