CN106670488A - Preparation device and method for high-activity metal powder - Google Patents
Preparation device and method for high-activity metal powder Download PDFInfo
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- CN106670488A CN106670488A CN201611224952.7A CN201611224952A CN106670488A CN 106670488 A CN106670488 A CN 106670488A CN 201611224952 A CN201611224952 A CN 201611224952A CN 106670488 A CN106670488 A CN 106670488A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
- B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
- B22F9/14—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes using electric discharge
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation device for metal powder. The preparation device for the metal powder comprises a furnace chamber, a furnace lid and a powdering system. The powdering system comprises a metal storing part used for storing metal bar materials, and a heating device is arranged on the outer side wall of the metal storing part. A cathode generator is arranged at the upper end of the metal storing part, and a fixing part used for fixing the metal bar materials is arranged on the cathode generator. The metal bar materials are located in a chamber body of the furnace chamber, and an anode generator is arranged below the metal storing part. The invention further provides a preparation method for the metal powder, and the technical problem that particle diameters of metal powder are uneven in the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to 3D printing material increasing field and field of powder metallurgy, and in particular to a kind of high activity metal powder
Last preparation facilities and method.
Background technology
Metal dust as the important raw material of industry of a class, in fields such as metallurgy, the energy, electronics, medical treatment, Aero-Space
Using expanding day by day.With the development and innovation of process technology, the property of the aspect such as granularity, degree of purity, pattern to metal dust
Can require to gradually step up, the especially development of 3D printing technique has further promoted metal dust technology of preparing to narrow granularity, height
Purity, the direction of low cost are developed.Metal dust is applied to 3D printing technique, and narrow granularity can ensure that the particle of melting keeps base
This identical state, otherwise, too big particle has been in solid-state in printing, and too small particle then evaporates already.High-purity is not
The quality of metal forming components is only influenceed, the reliability and stability of forming process are also facilitated ensuring that.Low cost is conducive to should
With the expansion in field, the large-scale production of industrial circle is advanced.
The need for adapt to this new situations, on the one hand people are devoted to improving and development for conventional metals atomization technique,
On the one hand new powder-making technique is constantly developed.Currently, in numerous metal dust preparation technologies, gases at high pressure atomization is system
The main method of standby metal 3D printing powder, applicants have discovered that：At least there is following technical problem in prior art：
1st, it is usually the aerosolization technology with crucible, it is difficult to prepare high activity metal powder, and be easily mixed into powder miscellaneous
Matter.
2nd, need to consume substantial amounts of gas in preparation process, therefore production cost is higher.
3rd, metal dust particle size range is big, size distribution is uneven.
4th, there are satellite ball and a number of hollow powders in metal powder granulates surface.
The content of the invention
One of purpose of the invention is to propose a kind of high activity metal powder preparing unit and method, is solved existing
The technical problem of the metal dust particle diameter inequality that technology is present.Optimal technical scheme in many technical schemes that the present invention is provided
Many technique effects (production cost is higher, metal dust size distribution the is uneven etc.) elaboration as detailed below that can be generated.
To achieve the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of high activity metal powder preparing unit, including furnace chamber, bell and pulverized coal preparation system, the pulverized coal preparation system include
Metal placement section, the metal placement section is used to place metal bar material, and the metal placement section lateral wall is provided with heater,
The metal placement section upper end is provided with negative electrode generator, is provided with for fixing the metal bar material on the negative electrode generator
Fixed part, the metal bar material is located at the inside cavity of the furnace chamber, and metal placement section lower section is provided with anode generation
Device.
Preferably, the pulverized coal preparation system also includes the piston rod being connected with the negative electrode generator, is arranged at the stove
The charging hopper of chamber upper end, the cylinder for being arranged at the charging hopper upper end, described piston rod one end is placed in the charging hopper, another
End is placed in the cylinder.
Preferably, the metal bar material bottom is reverse taper, and the heater is arranged at the metal bar material reverse taper
Lateral wall.
Preferably, the heater is induction coil.
Preferably, the distance between the metal bar material bottom and described anode generator are 0~5mm.
Preferably, the anode generator is annular, the anode generator home position and the metal bar material back taper
Body cone position is correspondingly arranged.
Preferably, the furnace chamber includes upper furnace chamber and lower furnace chamber, and the lower furnace chamber is reverse taper.
Preferably, the furnace chamber bottom is provided with powder collecting pot, and ball valve is provided between the powder collecting pot and the furnace chamber.
Preferably, sealed by seal cover board between the bell and the charging hopper, realize completing to reload in charging hopper
Continuous production.
Preferably, also including carrying out the vacuum extractor of vacuumize process, the vacuum extractor and the stove to furnace chamber
Chamber connects.
Preferably, the vacuum extractor includes mechanical pump, lobe pump, diffusion pump.
Preferably, also including by detecting in the furnace chamber based on the vacuum detecting of vacuum, the vacuum detecting meter and institute
State furnace chamber connection.
Present invention also offers a kind of metal powder preparation method, methods described is applied to above-mentioned metal dust and prepares dress
Put, including：
S10, metal bar material is positioned in charging hopper；
S20, by piston rod by metal bar material push body of heater in；
S30, metal bar material is molten into by molten metal by heater；
S40, by negative electrode generator to metal be input into adjustable negative pressure, make molten metal powered；
S50, metal drop is crushed, disperse and is accelerated by high-strength electrostatic field.
Preferably, also include being evacuated to 6.63 × 10 to furnace chamber before step S20-3Pa。
The present invention places metal bar material in metal placement section, is provided with negative electrode generator for fixing the metal bar
The fixed part of material, heating fusing is carried out by the heater in metal bar material lateral wall to the metal in metal bar material, is passed through
The negative electrode generator of metal placement section upper end is input into adjustable negative high voltage to metal, makes metal material belt negative electricity, and anode generator
Positively charged, forms high-strength electrostatic field between negative electrode generator and anode generator.Under high-strength electrostatic field, in metal bar material
Lower end reverse taper cone forms the lasting jet with metal charge adhesion.Molten metal forms molten drop after coming off, then by electrostatic field point
Dissipate and be broken into extremely fine broken droplet, Coulomb force causes that charged drop repels each other, and be accelerated in electrostatic field, in stove
Flown in chamber, cooled and solidified is into the metal dust with sphericity high under surface tension effects.By on metal placement section
End is provided with negative electrode generator and anode generator is provided with below metal placement section, high-strength electrostatic field is formed, in coulomb
In the presence of power, metal powder granulates will not reunite, and solve the uneven technical problem of metal dust particle diameter.
Brief description of the drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the part of the application, this hair
Bright schematic description and description does not constitute inappropriate limitation of the present invention for explaining the present invention.In the accompanying drawings：
The schematic diagram of the apparatus for preparing metal powder that Fig. 1 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
The schematic diagram of the apparatus for preparing metal powder that Fig. 2 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the partial enlarged drawing at I positions in Fig. 1；
The flow chart of the metal powder preparation method that Fig. 4 is provided by the embodiment of the present invention.
Reference：Furnace chamber 1；Upper furnace chamber 1-1；Lower furnace chamber 1-2；Bell 2；Vacuum detecting meter 3；Pulverized coal preparation system 4；Metal is put
Put portion 4-1；Heater 4-2；Anode generator 4-3；Cylinder 4-4；Piston rod 4-5；Charging hopper 4-6；Negative electrode generator 4-7；
Cover plate for sealing 4-8；Electrostatic field 4-9；Metal bar material reverse taper 4-10；Mechanical pump 5；Lobe pump 6；Diffusion pump 7；Jet 8-1；Molten drop
8-2；Broken droplet 8-3；Valve 9；Powder collecting pot 10.
Specific embodiment
Be referred to accompanying drawing Fig. 1~Fig. 4 below and word content understand present disclosure and the present invention with it is existing
Distinctive points between technology.Hereafter accompanying drawing and by way of enumerating some alternative embodiments of the invention, to of the invention
Technical scheme (including optimal technical scheme) is described in further detail.It should be noted that：Any skill in the present embodiment
Art feature, any technical scheme are one or more in the technical characteristic or optional technical scheme of plurality of optional, in order to
Cannot exhaustive all alternative technical characteristics of the invention and alternative technical side in presents the need for description is succinct
Case, the implementation method for being also not easy to each technical characteristic emphasizes that it is one of optional numerous embodiments, so this area
Technical staff should know：Any two for any technological means that the present invention is provided being replaced or providing the present invention
Individual or more technological means or technical characteristic are combined and obtain new technical scheme mutually.Any skill in the present embodiment
Art feature and any technical scheme are not limited the scope of the invention, and protection scope of the present invention should include this area
Technical staff does not pay the thinkable any alternate embodiments of creative work institute and those skilled in the art by the present invention
Any two of offer or more technological means or technical characteristic technical scheme new obtained from being combined mutually.
A kind of high activity metal powder preparing unit and method are the embodiment of the invention provides, prior art presence is solved
The big technical problem of metal dust particle size range.
The technical scheme that the present invention is provided is illustrated in more detail with reference to Fig. 1~Fig. 4.
As shown in FIG. 1 to 3, a kind of apparatus for preparing metal powder that the embodiment of the present invention is provided, including furnace chamber 1, stove
Lid 2 and pulverized coal preparation system 4, pulverized coal preparation system 4 include that metal placement section 4-1, metal placement section 4-1 are used to place metal bar material, this
The space that invention will place metal turns into metal placement section 4-1, is not to say that must set the tangible part such as housing puts
Put metal.Metal bar material is located at the inside cavity of furnace chamber 1, and metal placement section 4-1 upper ends are provided with negative electrode generator 4-7, negative electrode
The fixed part for fixing metal bar material is provided with generator 4-7, metal bar material is fixed on into negative electrode by fixed part occurs
On device 4-7, negative electrode generator 4-7 can drive metal bar material to move, and metal bar material Basolateral wall is provided with heater 4-2,
Metal placement section 4-1 bottoms lower section is provided with anode generator 4-3.The present invention places metal bar material in metal placement section 4-1,
The fixed part for fixing the metal bar material is provided with negative electrode generator 4-7, by metal bar material Basolateral wall
Heater 4-2 carries out heating fusing to metal bar material bottom, and the negative electrode generator 4-7 by metal placement section 4-1 upper ends is defeated
Enter adjustable negative high voltage, make metal material belt negative electricity, and anode generator 4-3 positively chargeds, negative electrode generator 4-7 and anode generator
Electrostatic field 4-9 is formed between 4-3, electrostatic field 4-9 voltages are 0~30kV, and are the DC voltage of continuously adjustabe.
As shown in Fig. 2 under high-strength electrostatic field 4-9 effect, formed in metal bar material bottom and continued with metal charge adhesion
Jet 8-1.Molten metal forms molten drop 8-2 after coming off, then is broken into extremely fine broken droplet 8- by electrostatic field 4-9 dispersions
3, Coulomb force causes that charged drop repels each other, and is accelerated in electrostatic field 4-9, the flight in furnace chamber 1, makees in surface tension
With lower cooled and solidified into the metal dust with sphericity high.Negative electrode generator is provided with by metal placement section 4-1 upper ends
4-7 and metal placement section 4-1 bottom part downs are provided with anode generator 4-3, high-strength electrostatic field 4-9 are formed, in Coulomb force
In the presence of, metal powder granulates will not reunite, and solve the uneven technical problem of metal dust particle diameter.
In order to optimize the program, metal bar material bottom can be set to metal bar material reverse taper 4-10, bell 2 and charging
Sealed by seal cover board 4-8 between the 4-6 of storehouse.Heater 4-2 is arranged at the lateral wall of back taper body region, such metal bar material
In the fusing of back taper body portion, the lasting inverted cone shape jet with metal body adhesion is formed in cone.And heater 4-2 can be
Induction coil, is melted by control coil power to different metals.
Equally, furnace chamber includes that upper furnace chamber 1-1 and lower furnace chamber 1-2, lower furnace chamber 1-2 are designed as in the embodiment that the present invention is provided
Reverse taper, is easy to collecting for metal dust.The bottom of lower furnace chamber 1-2 is provided with powder collecting pot 10, powder collecting pot 10 and lower furnace chamber 1-2
Between be provided with valve 9, the valve can be ball valve.
As shown in Fig. 2 anode generator 4-3 is annular in embodiments of the present invention, can be stainless steel electrode, wherein,
Anode generator 4-3 home positions are correspondingly arranged with metal bar material reverse taper cone position.Annular more can compared to other shapes
Ensure the uniformity of metal dust, while solving the problems, such as to need to consume a large amount of gases realization atomizations in the prior art, reduce
Cost.In order to be further ensured that the uniformity of metal dust so that metal dust is in the presence of Coulomb force in electrostatic field 4-9
Will not reunite, but balling-up is shunk under surface tension effects by the drop of single powder particle, overcome satellite ball, hollow powder
Be arranged on for the distance between metal bar material bottom and anode generator 4-3 by after a large amount of analyses by the defect at end, the present invention
0~5mm, so as to ensure the uniformity coefficient highest of metal dust, if using the metal bar material as negative electrode, its bottom and the sun
The distance between pole generator 4-3 is 0~5mm, and negative electrode produces negative high voltage, with anode shape generator 4-3 formed voltage 0~
In the range of 30kV and the high-strength electrostatic field of continuously adjustabe.If metal bar material bottom is reverse taper, by metal bar material reverse taper bottom
The distance between cone position and anode generator 4-3 are arranged on 0~5mm.
As shown in figure 3, pulverized coal preparation system 4 also includes the piston rod 4-5 being connected with negative electrode generator 4-7, is arranged at furnace chamber
The charging hopper 4-6 of upper end, the cylinder 4-4 for being arranged at charging hopper 4-6 upper ends, piston rod 4-5 one end are placed in charging hopper 4-6, separately
One end is placed in cylinder 4-4.The piston rod 4-5 bottoms are connected with negative electrode generator 4-7 tops, and metal charge occurs mounted in negative electrode
Device 4-7 bottoms, when not feeding, piston rod 4-5 is in highest order, namely piston rod is contracted in cylinder 4-4 completely.After charging,
Piston rod 4-5 is sent into furnace chamber 1 metal charge by negative electrode generator 4-7, wherein, metal charge is preferably metal bar material.This hair
Bright middle use can avoid metal or alloy without crucible Induction Melting Technology, especially high activity metal or alloy and crucible or ring
Domestic other elements react, and so as to avoid impurity from being mixed into powder, improve the purity of metal dust.
As shown in figure 1, the apparatus for preparing metal powder that the preferred embodiment of the present invention is provided also includes furnace chamber is carried out to take out true
The vacuum extractor of vacancy reason, vacuum extractor is connected with furnace chamber.Wherein, vacuum extractor includes mechanical pump 5, lobe pump 6, expands
Pump 7 is dissipated, 6.63 × 10 will be evacuated in furnace chamber 1 by vacuum extractor-3After Pa, the inert gas of reversely charging high-purity, lazy
Can avoid the oxidation of metal under property protective atmosphere, and pass through mechanical pump 5, lobe pump 6, diffusion pump 7 these three pumps combination it is right
Furnace chamber 1 carries out vacuumize process, and the control hence for the air pressure after vacuumizing is more precisely and controllable, reduces to greatest extent
The oxidized possibility of metal dust.
In order to detect whether vacuum reaches 6.63 × 10 in furnace chamber-3Pa, apparatus for preparing metal powder is also examined including vacuum
Meter 3 is surveyed, vacuum detecting meter 3 is connected with furnace chamber 1.
Present invention also offers a kind of metal powder preparation method, method is applied to above-mentioned apparatus for preparing metal powder, such as
Shown in Fig. 4, including：
S10, metal bar material is positioned in charging hopper 4-6；
S20, by piston rod 4-5 by metal bar material push body of heater in；
S30, metal bar material is molten into by molten metal by heater 4-2；
S40, by negative electrode generator 4-7 to metal be input into adjustable negative pressure, make molten metal powered；
S50, metal drop is crushed, disperse and is accelerated by high-strength electrostatic field.
The metal powder preparation method that the present invention is provided opens charging hopper 4-6, and metal is positioned in charging hopper 4-6,
When metal is metal bar material, the full-size specification of metal bar is Φ 100mm × 1000mm.Negative electrode generator 4-7 top with
The piston rod 4-5 of cylinder 4-4 is connected.Piston rod 4-5 extends in charging hopper 4-6, by piston rod 4-5 by high activity metal rod
In material feeding furnace chamber 1.The back taper body portion of metal bar material bottom is heated using heater 4-2 and causes metal bar material reverse taper 4-
10 tip melts, and the position and coil power by metal bar material reverse taper 4-10 control, obtain with bar body
The inverted cone shape jet 8-1 of adhesion.Adjustable negative high voltage-V is input into high activity metal bar by negative electrode generator 4-7, its value is most
Big reachable 30kV, makes inverted cone shape jet 8-1 powered.Anode generator 4-3 positively chargeds, negative electrode generator 4-7 and anode generator
The high-strength electrostatic field 4-9 for possessing radiation electric field line in Fig. 2 is formed between 4-3, under electrostatic field 4-9 effects, with bar body
The inverted cone shape jet 8-1 of adhesion comes off from bar, and molten metal forms molten drop 8-2 after coming off, then broken by electrostatic field 4-9 dispersions
Into extremely fine broken droplet 8-3, Coulomb force causes that charged drop repels each other, and is accelerated in electrostatic field 4-9, in stove
Flight in chamber 1, cooled and solidified is into the metal dust with sphericity high under surface tension effects.The metal flown in furnace chamber
After droplet solidification, by the folding of bottom of furnace body valve 9, powder collecting pot 10 is imported.
Preferably, also include being evacuated to 6.63 × 10 to furnace chamber before step S20-3Pa.Using mechanical pump 5, lobe pump
6th, diffusion pump 7 is vacuumized to furnace chamber 1, and vacuum is detected by vacuum detecting meter 3, and vacuum is evacuated to 6.63 × 10-3Pa.It is true by taking out
Empty device will be evacuated to 6.63 × 10 in furnace chamber 1-3After Pa, the inert gas of reversely charging high-purity can under inert protective atmosphere
To avoid the oxidation of metal, and pass through mechanical pump 5, lobe pump 6, the combination of diffusion pump 7 these three pumps and furnace chamber 1 is vacuumized
Treatment, the control hence for the air pressure after vacuumizing is more precisely and controllable, metal dust is reduced to greatest extent and is oxidized
Possibility.
Any technical scheme disclosed in the invention described above unless otherwise stated, if it discloses number range, then
Disclosed number range is preferred number range, it is any it should be appreciated by those skilled in the art：Preferred number range
The only obvious or representative numerical value of technique effect in many enforceable numerical value.Because numerical value is more, it is impossible to
Exhaustion, so just open component values of the invention are to illustrate technical scheme, also, the above-mentioned numerical value enumerated is not
The limitation to the invention protection domain should be constituted.
If the words such as " first ", " second " are used herein to limit parts, those skilled in the art should
This knows：" first ", the use of " second " are intended merely to facilitate in description and parts are distinguished such as no Stated otherwise
Outward, above-mentioned word does not have special implication.
Meanwhile, if the invention described above is open or relate to the parts or structural member of connection fastened to each other, then, except another
There is statement outer, be fixedly connected and can be understood as：Can releasably be fixedly connected (for example use bolt or mode connects for screw), it is also possible to
It is interpreted as：Non-removable to be fixedly connected (such as rivet, weld), certainly, connection fastened to each other can also be integral type structure
(for example being manufactured using casting technique is integrally formed) replaces (substantially cannot be using except integrally formed technique).
In addition, the art for representing position relationship or shape applied in any technical scheme disclosed in the invention described above
Its implication includes approximate with its, similar or close state or shape to language unless otherwise stated.The either component that the present invention is provided
Both can be to be assembled by multiple individually parts, it is also possible to the separate part that the technique that is one of the forming is manufactured.
Finally it should be noted that:The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment to the present invention, and those of ordinary skill in the art should be understood：Still
Specific embodiment of the invention can be modified or equivalent is carried out to some technical characteristics；Without deviating from this hair
The spirit of bright technical scheme, it all should cover in the middle of claimed technical scheme scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high activity metal powder preparing unit, including furnace chamber, bell and pulverized coal preparation system, it is characterised in that the system
Powder system includes metal placement section, and the metal placement section is used to place metal bar material, and the metal placement section lateral wall is set
There is heater, the metal placement section upper end is provided with negative electrode generator, is provided with for fixing on the negative electrode generator
The fixed part of the metal bar material, the metal bar material is located at the inside cavity of the furnace chamber, and the metal placement section lower section sets
It is equipped with anode generator.
2. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pulverized coal preparation system also includes
The piston rod being connected with the negative electrode generator, the charging hopper for being arranged at the furnace chamber upper end, it is arranged on the charging hopper
The cylinder at end, described piston rod one end is placed in the charging hopper, and the other end is placed in the cylinder.
3. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the metal bar material bottom is
Reverse taper, the heater is arranged at the lateral wall of the metal bar material reverse taper.
4. the high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1 or 3, it is characterised in that the heater is
Induction coil.
5. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the metal bar material is used as the moon
The distance between pole, its bottom and described anode generator are 0~5mm, and negative electrode produces negative high voltage, formed with anode shape generator
Voltage is in the range of 0~30kV and the high-strength electrostatic field of continuously adjustabe.
6. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the anode generator is ring
Shape, the anode generator home position is correspondingly arranged with the metal bar material reverse taper cone home position.
7. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bell and the charging
Sealed by seal cover board between storehouse, realize the continuous production for completing to reload in charging hopper.
8. high activity metal powder preparing unit according to claim 1, it is characterised in that also including being taken out to furnace chamber
The vacuum extractor of application of vacuum, the vacuum extractor is connected with the furnace chamber, and the vacuum extractor includes mechanical pump, sieve
Thatch pump, diffusion pump.
9. a kind of high activity metal powder preparation method, it is characterised in that methods described is applied to any one of claim 1 to 8
Described high activity metal powder preparing unit, including：
S10, metal bar material is positioned in charging hopper；
S20, by piston rod by metal bar material push body of heater in；
S30, metal bar material is molten into by molten metal by heater；
S40, by negative electrode generator to metal be input into adjustable negative pressure, make molten metal powered；
S50, metal drop is crushed, disperse and is accelerated by high-strength electrostatic field.
10. metal powder preparation method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that
Also include being evacuated to 6.63 × 10 to furnace chamber before step S20-3Pa。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611224952.7A CN106670488A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Preparation device and method for high-activity metal powder |
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611224952.7A CN106670488A (en) | 2016-12-27 | 2016-12-27 | Preparation device and method for high-activity metal powder |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109482893A (en) * | 2018-12-30 | 2019-03-19 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | A kind of preparation method of increasing material manufacturing globular metallic powder |
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