A kind of catalysis high-pressure decomposing reactor handling industrial waste gas
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of catalysis high-pressure decomposing reactors for handling industrial waste gas, belong at the exhaust gas in environmental protection
Reason field.
Background technique
Atmosphere pollution is China's one of environmental problem most outstanding at present, and volatile organic waste gas is the weight of atmosphere pollution
Want source.With the fast development of China's Petrochemical, the volatile organic waste gas that is discharged into production process in atmospheric environment
Also it is being continuously increased, these pollutants mainly include arene compound (benzene homologues), aldoketones, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols etc..Its
In, the discharge amount of arene compound is relatively large, and it is again relatively prominent to the harm of ecological environment and human health, therefore,
The purified treatment of arene compound is increasingly valued by people.
Since the volatility of arene compound is very strong, it is exposed to and is easy to spread in air.Humans and animals pass through sucking
Or the aromatic hydrocarbon of skin contact excess intake, acute and chronic benzene poisoning can be caused.There is research report to show to cause benzene poisoning
Phenol is generated in part because of intracorporal benzene.Benzene meeting Central nervous system generates paralysis effect, causes acute poisoning.
Severe one will appear headache, Nausea and vomiting, in a certain state of delirium, unconsciousness, stupor, twitch, even death;A small amount of benzene can also make one
Sleepiness is generated, giddy, increased heart rate, has a headache, tremble, Bewu βtseinstrubung, the symptoms such as obnubilation.Normal person sucks 20000ppm's
It will be in peril of one's life within benzene vapour 5 ~ 10 minutes.
Long Term Contact benzene can cause great damage to blood, cause neurasthenia syndrome.Benzene can damage marrow, make red
Blood cell, leucocyte, platelet counts are reduced, and make chromosome aberration, and so as to cause leukaemia, or even aplastic occur poor
Blood.Benzene can cause to bleed profusely, to inhibit the function of immune system, disease be made to have an opportunity to take advantage of.There is research report to point out, benzene
It is in intracorporal incubation period 12 ~ 15 years in people.
Currently, the production. art process and exhaust gas discharging modes of China's Petrochemical enterprise are different, exhaust emission control
Technology processed is also far from each other.In general, the processing method of the wide use in China mainly has: absorption method, heat damage method, cold
Solidifying method, absorption process etc..
(1) absorption method:
With porous solid treatment fluid mixture, one or more of components contained therein is made to be enriched in the surface of solids,
And the process separated with other components is known as adsorbing.Absorption method is mainly used for the purification of low concentration high throughput aromatic hydrocarbon.
(2) heat damage method:
Heat damage method is current application than aromatic hydrocarbon administering method wide, that research is more, especially suitable for containing low
The exhaust gas of concentration aromatic hydrocarbon.This method can be divided into direct flame combustion and catalysis burning, and process is complicated and may include one
Series of decomposition, polymerization and radical reaction.And most important aromatic hydrocarbon heat damage method mechanism includes oxidation, thermal cracking and heat point
Solution, heat damage method are based on the progress of this mechanism.
(3) condensation method:
Condensation method is that have this property of different saturated vapor pressures at different temperatures using substance, using reduction system temperature
Degree improves system pressure, the process for condensing the aromatic hydrocarbon in steam condition and separating from exhaust gas.
(4) absorption process:
The characteristics of absorption process can mainly be dissolved each other using aromatic hydrocarbon with most of oily substance, with higher boiling, low-steam pressure
Oils absorbs the aromatic hydrocarbon in exhaust gas as absorbent, and common absorber is padding washing absorption tower.
(5) biofilm:
Microorganism is exactly fixedly attached to porous medium filler surface by so-called biofilm, and is filling out polluted gas
Biological treatment is carried out in material bed, can be by contaminant removal therein, and be allowed to degrade in gap.Volatile organic contaminant
It is attracted to apparent gap, is consumed by the Institute of Micro-biology in gap, and be degraded into CO2、H2O and neutral salt.
Currently, the aromatic hydrocarbon waste gases processing method that China generallys use, generally existing initial investment is big, operation and maintenance cost
High, the disadvantages of technology is complicated, and its treatment effect is also difficult to meet increasingly strict emission request.For this reason, it may be necessary to find new
Method and approach solve this problem.
Summary of the invention
A kind of catalysis high-pressure decomposing reactor handling industrial waste gas, left lower are equipped with air intake valve, and right upper portion is set
There are ultra-fine strainer and drain tap, reactor bottom has been mounted side by side 5 ultraviolet generaters, has been equipped with above ultraviolet generater
1 paillon protective net, paillon protective net top arranged on left and right sides are separately installed with 1 piston limit device, and inside reactor uniformly floats
Several Ni-Pd alloy paillons are floated, reactor head is equipped with 1 set of gas compression piston, and gas compression piston is by telescopic transmission
Bar is connected to the hydraulic compression device positioned at reactor top.
Wherein, the petrochemical industry exhaust gas containing arene compound, which passes through, is located at catalysis high-pressure decomposing reactor left lower
Air intake valve enter inside reactor, the hydraulic compression device positioned at reactor top is first begin to work, by telescopic
Drive rod driving gas compression piston does downward motion, compresses exhaust gas volume, other than making to gradually rise in it, may be used also
So that the Ni-Pd alloy paillon of exhaust gas and inside reactor is sufficiently mixed, it will when gas compression piston reaches at piston limit device
Stop compression movement and stops certain time in the position, at this point, 5 ultraviolet generaters for being located at reactor bottom start,
Emit ultraviolet light to compressed exhaust gas, under conditions of the excitation of ultraviolet light prolonged exposure, virtue contained in the exhaust gas of high interior energy
Phenyl ring chemical conjugate key in fragrant hydrocarbon molecule can be broken in Ni-Pd alloy foil surfaces, and fragrant hydrocarbon molecule can gradually crack life
At H2O and CO2Equal inorganic molecules, thereafter, gas compression piston begin to ramp up and at the top of Returning reactors, after resolution process
Exhaust gas by be located at reactor right upper portion ultra-fine strainer filter out Ni-Pd alloy paillon after, pass through the row of ultra-fine strainer rear end
Reactor is discharged in air valve, and enters next treatment process;Wherein, the effect of paillon protective net is to stop Ni-Pd alloy paillon
It falls, prevents it to be in contact with ultraviolet generater, to avoid the damage of ultraviolet generater.
Wherein, the dischargeable capacity for being catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor is 375m3, working pressure range is 7.0 ~ 29.0MPa,
Exhaust gas in reactor can be compressed to 125m by gas compression piston3, gas compression ratio is 3:1.
Wherein, be catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor, the operating voltage of ultraviolet generater is 65V, can generation wavelength be
The ultraviolet radiation of 295nm, service life are generally 6500h.
Wherein, it is catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor, the hydraulic oil of hydraulic compression device is exquisite dormant oil, and oil cylinder internal diameter is
140mm, working pressure range are 12.0 ~ 18.0MPa, and hydraulic oil maximum stream flow is 165L/min.
By this system treated exhaust gas, the removal efficiency of arene compound is up to 99.3%.
The present invention has the advantages that
(1) this reactor gets rid of the governance model of arene compound in existing petrochemical industry exhaust gas, creative
The characteristic that the phenyl ring in fragrant hydrocarbon molecule is catalyzed vulnerable to metal surface under its in vivo higher state of energy and is decomposed is utilized, it is right
Exhaust gas, which carries out volume compression, to be made to increase in it, and occurs that it under conditions of the excitation of ultraviolet light prolonged exposure with Ni-Pd alloy
Surface contacts, and the chemical conjugate key of phenyl ring can be broken on Ni-Pd alloy surface in fragrant hydrocarbon molecule, and gradually be cracked into H2O
And CO2Equal inorganic molecules.This method has preferable catalytic decomposition effect to arene compound, is a kind of very targeted
Processing method, treatment effeciency is up to 99.3%.
(2) on the one hand this reactor greatly reduces without using any chemical agent as processing material and purchases processed material
On the other hand cost caused by expecting also has prevented to introduce the risk for endangering bigger pollutant.
(3) this reactor uses Ni-Pd alloy paillon as metal surface catalysis material, and creative uses paillon
Formula configuration design, considerably increases contact area, improves catalysis reaction efficiency.
(4) this reactor technology route is advanced, and occupation area of equipment is smaller, and treatment effect is good, operation and maintenance at
This is very low, is conducive to promote and apply on a large scale.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram for being catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor.
61- air intake valve, 62- ultraviolet generater, 63- paillon protective net, 64- piston limit device, 65- Ni-Pd alloy foil
Piece, 66- gas compression piston, the telescopic drive rod of 67-, 68- hydraulic compression device, the ultra-fine strainer of 69-, 610- drain tap.
Specific embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of catalysis high-pressure decomposing reactor for handling industrial waste gas, using stainless steel material, left side
Lower part is equipped with air intake valve 61, and right upper portion is equipped with ultra-fine strainer 69 and drain tap 610, and reactor bottom has been mounted side by side 5
Branch ultraviolet generater 62,1 paillon protective net 63 is equipped with above ultraviolet generater 62, and 63 top of paillon protective net is left and right
Two sides are separately installed with 1 piston limit device 64, the uniform adrift several Ni-Pd alloy paillons 65 of inside reactor, reactor top
Portion is equipped with 1 set of gas compression piston 66, and gas compression piston 66 is connected to by telescopic drive rod 67 positioned at reactor top
Hydraulic compression device 68;Wherein, the petrochemical industry exhaust gas containing arene compound, which passes through, is located at catalysis high-pressure decomposing reaction
The air intake valve 61 of 6 left lower of device enters inside reactor, and the hydraulic compression device 68 positioned at reactor top is first begin to
Work drives gas compression piston to do downward motion, compresses exhaust gas volume, in addition to making in it by telescopic drive rod 67
Outside capable of gradually rising, the Ni-Pd alloy paillon 65 of exhaust gas and inside reactor can also be made to be sufficiently mixed, when gas compression piston
It will stop compression movement when at 66 arrival piston limit devices 64 and stop certain time in the position, at this point, being located at reactor bottom
5 ultraviolet generaters 62 in portion start, and emit ultraviolet light to compressed exhaust gas, in the condition of ultraviolet light prolonged exposure excitation
Under, the phenyl ring chemical conjugate key in fragrance hydrocarbon molecule contained in the exhaust gas of high interior energy can occur on 65 surface of Ni-Pd alloy paillon
Fracture, fragrant hydrocarbon molecule can gradually be cracked to form H2O and CO2Equal inorganic molecules, thereafter, gas compression piston 66 is begun to ramp up simultaneously
At the top of Returning reactor, the exhaust gas after resolution process filters out nickel palladium by being located at the ultra-fine strainer 69 of reactor right upper portion
After alloy foil sheet 65, reactor is discharged by the drain tap 610 of ultra-fine 69 rear end of strainer, and enter next treatment process;Its
In, the effect of paillon protective net 63 is the whereabouts for stopping Ni-Pd alloy paillon 65, prevents it from connecing with ultraviolet generater 62
Touching, to avoid the damage of ultraviolet generater 62;Wherein, the dischargeable capacity for being catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor 6 is 375m3, work
Making pressure limit is 7.0 ~ 29.0MPa, and the exhaust gas in reactor can be compressed to 125m by gas compression piston 663, gas pressure
Contracting is than being 3:1;Wherein, it is catalyzed high-pressure decomposing reactor 6, the operating voltage of ultraviolet generater 62 is 65V, can generate wave
The ultraviolet radiation of a length of 295nm, service life are generally 6500h;Wherein, high-pressure decomposing reactor 6, hydraulic pressure are catalyzed
The hydraulic oil of compression apparatus 68 is exquisite dormant oil, and oil cylinder internal diameter is 140mm, and working pressure range is 12.0 ~ 18.0MPa, hydraulic
Oily maximum stream flow is 165L/min.
By this system treated exhaust gas, the removal efficiency of arene compound is up to 99.3%.