CN106667598B - Metal reinforced ceramic oral implant - Google Patents

Metal reinforced ceramic oral implant Download PDF

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CN106667598B
CN106667598B CN201611233364.XA CN201611233364A CN106667598B CN 106667598 B CN106667598 B CN 106667598B CN 201611233364 A CN201611233364 A CN 201611233364A CN 106667598 B CN106667598 B CN 106667598B
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implant
metal
ceramic
reinforcing part
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CN106667598A (en
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汪昆
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First Affiliated Hospital of TMMU
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0012—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the material or composition, e.g. ceramics, surface layer, metal alloy
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0018—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools characterised by the shape
    • A61C8/0037—Details of the shape
    • A61C8/0045—Details of the shape with a stepped body
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0059—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with additional friction enhancing means
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0069—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers tapered or conical connection
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C8/00—Means to be fixed to the jaw-bone for consolidating natural teeth or for fixing dental prostheses thereon; Dental implants; Implanting tools
    • A61C8/0048—Connecting the upper structure to the implant, e.g. bridging bars
    • A61C8/005—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers
    • A61C8/0074—Connecting devices for joining an upper structure with an implant member, e.g. spacers with external threads
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
    • A61C—DENTISTRY; APPARATUS OR METHODS FOR ORAL OR DENTAL HYGIENE
    • A61C2201/00—Material properties

Abstract

The invention discloses a metal reinforced ceramic oral implant, which comprises a metal reinforcing part, a ceramic part and an implant crown. The metal reinforcing part comprises a limiting section, an intermediate section and a base section, wherein the limiting section and the intermediate section are of an integrated structure, and the base section and the lower part of the intermediate section are combined together through welding. The ceramic part is designed in an integrated manner and comprises a repairing section, a gum penetrating section, a taper section and a main body section from top to bottom. The metal reinforcing part is wrapped outside the taper section and the main body section of the ceramic part, and the dental implant crown is fixedly arranged at the repairing section of the ceramic part. The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an oral implant which can effectively overcome the defect of low strength of a ceramic implant, namely a metal reinforced ceramic implant, wherein the implant not only has the aesthetic advantages of the ceramic implant, but also has good strength of the metal implant, and is an ideal combination of aesthetics and strength.

Description

Metal reinforced ceramic oral implant
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of medical supplies, in particular to a metal reinforced ceramic oral implant.
Background
The aesthetic effect of dental implant restoration is an important indicator for the evaluation of the outcome of implant treatment, especially in the anterior dental area, where the aesthetic effect directly determines the success or failure of the treatment. At present, most of oral implants are made of titanium and titanium alloy, and the whole implant is metallic. The titanium implant is easy to have aesthetic defects after being implanted, namely, when bone tissues around the implant shrink and gum tissues shrink back, the neck of the titanium implant is exposed to present a black ring effect, or when the gum tissues of a patient are thin, the lower black metal neck can be seen through the gum tissues. Currently, there is a lack of effective solutions to the aforementioned aesthetic complications. In recent years, along with the improvement of the performance of ceramic materials, zirconia and alumina ceramic oral implants are gradually appeared. Animal experiments and clinical case follow-up prove that the ceramic implant has good biocompatibility, and the osseointegration performance has no obvious difference with that of a titanium implant. The ceramic implants have the greatest advantage that the color of the ceramic implants is similar to that of natural teeth, the aesthetic defect that the metal color of the neck of the traditional titanium implant is exposed can be effectively overcome, and the ceramic implants are popular among clinicians and patients. However, compared with the traditional titanium material, the strength of the ceramic itself is lower, and the mechanical processing, acid etching and sand blasting and other surface treatments also reduce the strength of the ceramic implant, and these factors determine that the mechanical strength of the ceramic implant is lower than that of the titanium material implant, so that mechanical complications such as fracture and the like are easy to occur, and the clinical application pace of the ceramic implant is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide an oral implant which can effectively overcome the defect of low strength of a ceramic implant, namely a metal reinforced ceramic implant, wherein the implant not only has the aesthetic advantages of the ceramic implant, but also has good strength of the metal implant, and is an ideal combination of aesthetics and strength.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: metal strenghthened type pottery oral cavity planting body, including ceramic portion, metal rib and planting the dental crown, ceramic portion includes from last to repairing section, the gum section of wearing, tapering section and the main part section that connects gradually down, plants dental crown and repairing section fixed connection, and metal rib cladding is outside tapering section and main part section, and metal rib and tapering section, main part section are fixed connection.
According to the metal reinforced ceramic oral implant adopting the technical scheme, the ceramic part is used as the main body part of the dental implant, the implanted dental crown is fixedly connected with the repair section, the ceramic part has good biocompatibility, can realize better bone combination with bone tissues, has a color similar to that of a natural tooth, and can effectively overcome the aesthetic problem of exposure of the metal color at the neck part of the titanium implant; after the implant is implanted into bone tissue, the edge of the implanted crown is positioned below the gingival margin, and the aesthetic effect is ensured. The tapered section refers to one end dimension being larger than the other end dimension. The metal reinforcement portion functions to reinforce the ceramic portion.
The invention has the following advantages:
first, the present invention has the aesthetic advantages of ceramic implants. Secondly, since the ceramic part of the present invention is not processed and treated with surface threads, it is possible to prevent the mechanical strength of the implant from being affected and to prevent the implant from being fatigue-broken.
Furthermore, the repairing section is in a round table shape, and the gum penetrating section is in a cylindrical shape; one end of the gum penetrating section is connected with the large-diameter end of the repairing section, the other end of the gum penetrating section is connected with the taper section, and the taper section, the main body section and the metal reinforcing part are in clearance fit or interference fit.
The restoration section is used for supporting the implanted dental crowns and is in a circular truncated cone shape, the connection position of the implanted dental crowns and the restoration section is also in an inner cavity in a circular truncated cone shape, and the connection mode of the conical surface is tighter, so that the circular truncated cone shape is tighter in connection with the implanted dental crowns. The gum penetrating section is connected with the repairing section and the taper section, and when bone tissues around the implant are absorbed and gum tissues retract, the gum penetrating section is exposed to the outside. Taper section, be interference fit and fixed connection with the metal reinforcement, avoid outside processing at ceramic portion, influence the intensity of ceramic portion, adopt clearance fit or interference fit when enough guaranteeing ceramic portion intensity, connect again closely, avoid becoming flexible.
Further, the tapering section be the round platform form, the main part section is cylindricly, the metal reinforcing part include spacing section, interlude and base section, spacing section and tapering section interference fit, interlude and main part section upper portion clearance fit, the lower part clearance fit of base section and main part section. The spacing section of metal reinforcing part is a cavity that the upper end internal diameter is little, the lower extreme internal diameter is big, and the tapering section of ceramic portion just forms interference fit with spacing section to can guarantee the fastening of ceramic portion, avoid becoming flexible.
Furthermore, one side of the repair section is provided with an anti-rotation surface. The implanted dental crown and the repair section are prevented from rotating, and the anti-rotation surface is arranged to ensure that the connection is firmer.
Furthermore, the outer wall of the metal reinforcing part is a rough surface which is subjected to acid etching and sand blasting treatment, and the outer wall is provided with threads. The contact area of the implant and the bone tissue can be increased through the thread design, the occlusion stress can be effectively dispersed, the surface roughening treatment is favorable for the healing speed of the interface bone tissue, and the bone combination rate of the implant and the bone interface is increased.
Furthermore, a repair shoulder is formed at the joint of the repair section and the gum penetrating section, and the lower end of the implanted dental crown is stopped at the repair shoulder. The repair shoulder is for repairing the section and wearing the junction of gum section, wear the outside extension of gum section, the diameter of wearing the gum section promptly is greater than the diameter of repairing the section, after implanting dental implant, repair the shoulder and exceed bone surface 2.0mm, the edge of planting the dental crown will be located gingival margin below like this, aesthetic effect has been guaranteed, bone tissue takes place to absorb around the implant, when gum tissue is to the root side retraction, the coronal margin can be more and more close gingival margin, even exceed gingival margin, at this moment, the aesthetic effect of planting the crown can receive negative effects. At the moment, the shoulder can be repaired by polishing with a dental needle, the position of the shoulder is moved downwards and is positioned below the gum again, and the implanted dental crown is manufactured again, so that an ideal beautiful effect can be obtained.
Further, the height of the repair section is 4.0-6.0 mm, and the taper angle is 6-10 degrees;
the height of the gum penetrating section is 3.0-4.0 mm, and the diameter of the gum penetrating section is consistent with the diameter of the upper end of the taper section;
the size of the limiting section of the metal reinforcing part is consistent with that of the taper section, the diameters of the inner walls of the middle section of the metal reinforcing part and the base section are consistent with that of the main body section, and the sum of the heights of the inner walls of the middle section of the metal reinforcing part and the base section is consistent with that of the main body section;
the height I of the limiting section12.0-3.0 mm, the outer diameter of the inner wall is consistent with the outer diameter of the middle section, the inner wall is in a circular truncated cone shape, the inner diameter of the lower end is consistent with the inner diameter of the middle section, and the taper angle theta is 6-8 degrees;
the thickness of the outer wall of the middle section is 0.3mm, and the height I21.0-3.0 mm, 4.0-5.0 mm inner diameter;
height I of the base section3The thickness of the bottom wall of the base section is 1mm, 3.0 mm.
According to clinical design, the implant has the best aesthetic effect and the highest strength of the ceramic part when the parameters are above.
Furthermore, the thread pitch of the thread on the outer wall of the metal reinforcing part is 0.8-1.25 mm, the cross section of the thread is triangular, and the tooth height of the thread is 0.2 mm.
Further, the width of the repair shoulder was 0.3 mm. The width of the repair shoulder is proper, which is beneficial to grinding and manufacturing the implant crown again.
Furthermore, the limiting section and the middle section of the metal reinforcing part are integrally formed, and the middle section and the base section are formed by welding. The processing is convenient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a metal reinforced ceramic dental implant according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic front view of a metal reinforcing portion according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic front view of a ceramic part according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view illustrating a state of being implanted into an alveolar bone according to an embodiment of the present invention;
wherein: the implant comprises a ceramic part 1, a metal reinforcing part 2, an implanted dental crown 3, a repair shoulder 4, a gum 5, a bone 6, a repair section 11, a gum penetrating section 12, a main body section 13, a taper section 14, a limiting section 21, an intermediate section 22 and a base section 23.
Detailed Description
In the first to third embodiments of the metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of the present invention, the dimensional parameters of the prosthetic section, the transgingival section, the tapered section and the metal reinforcing part are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0001194108220000041
The structure of the metal reinforced ceramic oral implant and the clinical operation method thereof will be described in detail by taking an example of an embodiment.
The first embodiment is as follows:
as shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of the present invention comprises a ceramic part 1, a metal reinforcing part 2 and an implanted crown 3, wherein the ceramic part comprises a repairing section 11, a transgingival section 12, a taper section 14 and a main body section 13, and the implanted crown 3 is fixedly connected with the repairing section 11. The repair section 11 is in a circular truncated cone shape, the diameter of the bottom surface of the repair section 11 is 3mm, the height is 4mm, the cone angle is 6 degrees, one side of the repair section 11 is provided with an anti-rotation surface, the anti-rotation surface is a plane arranged on one side of the circular truncated cone shape, certainly, the anti-rotation surface sets up the arch for one side at the round platform form, it can also be realized, it is cylindric to wear gum section 12, the diameter of wearing gum section 12 is 3.6mm, highly be 3mm, the one end of wearing gum section 12 is connected with the major diameter end of repairing section 11, the junction of repairing section 11 and wearing gum section 12 forms and restores shoulder 4, the width 0.3mm of restoring shoulder 4, the edge of planting dental crown 3 ends in restoring shoulder 4, the other end of wearing gum section 12 is connected with tapering section 14, tapering section 14 is the round platform form, minor diameter end diameter is 3.6mm, the taper angle is 6, highly be 2mm, major diameter end diameter is 4mm, main part section 13 is cylindric, its diameter is 4mm, highly be 1 mm.
Metal reinforcement 2 includes spacing section 21, interlude 22 and base section 23, spacing section 21 highly is 2mm, the external diameter is 5mm, path end internal diameter is 3.6mm, path end internal diameter is 4mm, taper angle is 6, spacing section 21 and interlude 22 are integrated into one piece, interlude 22 forms for the welding with base section 23, interlude 22 height is 1mm, the internal diameter is 4mm, the external diameter is 5mm, the wall thickness is 0.3mm, spacing section 21 is interference fit with tapering section 14, screw up together ceramic portion and metal reinforcement through certain moment of torsion promptly, interlude 22 and 13 upper portion clearance fit of main part section, base section 23 and main part 13's lower part clearance fit, base section 23's lateral wall height is 2mm, lateral wall thickness is 0.3mm, the thickness of diapire is 1 mm.
The material of the metal reinforcing part 2 can be various biocompatible metals or alloy materials thereof, and can be: pure titanium, pure tantalum, titanium-aluminum-vanadium alloy, tantalum-titanium alloy, and the like; the ceramic part is made of common biocompatible ceramic materials, and can be zirconia, alumina, zirconia/alumina composite materials, and ceramic materials added with stabilizing agents, such as yttria-stabilized zirconia materials, although other materials with similar properties are also within the protection range.
In clinical operation, incise the gum tissue of the edentulous area, turn up the mucoperiosteal flap, position with the ball drill, then go on planting the nest preparation step by step with the bone drill until its diameter is unanimous with the diameter of metal reinforcement 2, and the height is unanimous with the sum of the height of metal reinforcement 2 and the section of wearing gum 12, does not include the height of restoration section 11 and planting dental crown 3. The implant provided by the embodiment of the invention is screwed into the implant nest by using the implant connecting wrench, and the implant implantation depth is determined as follows: the prosthetic shoulder 4 of the ceramic part 1 is 2.0mm above the surface of the bone 6 after implantation (this determination of the implantation depth is referred to the biological width of the soft tissue around the implant). Studies have shown that the height of the crest of the alveolar ridge (the surface of the bone 6) to the base of the gingival sulcus is constant, approximately 2.0mm, referred to as the biological width. The crown with the biological width is a free gingival sulcus (the height is about 1.0mm), and the aesthetic effect of repairing can be achieved by clinically placing the crown edge in the gingival sulcus. After the implant is implanted, the repair shoulder 4 is 2.0mm higher than the surface of the bone 6, namely the repair shoulder 4 and the edge of the implanted crown 3 are positioned in a free gingival sulcus (subgingival). When the gum 5 of the patient is thin, the implantation depth can be correspondingly increased, namely, the distance between the repair shoulder 4 of the ceramic part 1 and the surface of the bone 6 is less than 2.0mm after the implantation.
After the implant is in place, the gingiva 5 is sutured closed, and the operation is finished. When the implant is implanted with high initial stability, the temporary crown can be manufactured, and the form of the temporary crown is adjusted according to the occlusion relation with the jaw teeth, so that the temporary crown is in a proper low occlusion state, the implant is prevented from bearing excessive occlusion force, and the bone 6 of the implant is favorably healed.
And (3) the patient is subjected to a re-diagnosis after 3 months of operation, the healing condition of the implant is checked, the temporary crown is removed, the model is horizontally taken from the repair section 11 of the implant, the permanent all-ceramic crown is manufactured and worn at a selected period, and the treatment is finished. If the patient receives the guided bone regeneration operation in the 1 st operation, the above procedures of taking the model, making the crown and wearing should be performed again after 6 months of the operation. The implant restoration final completion state is shown in fig. 4.
The operation modes of the second embodiment and the third embodiment are consistent with the embodiments.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made without departing from the structure of the invention, and it is intended to cover all modifications and equivalents of the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant is characterized by comprising a ceramic part, a metal reinforcing part and an implanted dental crown, wherein the ceramic part comprises a repairing section, a gum penetrating section, a taper section and a main body section which are sequentially connected from top to bottom;
the metal reinforcing part comprises a limiting section, a middle section and a base section, the limiting section is in interference fit with the taper section, the middle section is in clearance fit with the upper part of the main body section, and the base section is in clearance fit with the lower part of the main body section;
the limiting section of the metal reinforcing part is a cavity with a small inner diameter at the upper end and a large inner diameter at the lower end, the repairing section is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the gum penetrating section is in a cylindrical shape; one end of the gum penetrating section is connected with the large-diameter end of the repairing section, and the other end of the gum penetrating section is connected with the taper section.
2. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 1, wherein: the taper section is in a circular truncated cone shape, and the main body section is in a cylindrical shape.
3. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 1, wherein: and one side of the repair section is provided with an anti-rotation surface.
4. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 1, wherein: the outer wall of the metal reinforcing part is a rough surface which is subjected to acid etching and sand blasting treatment, and the outer wall is provided with threads.
5. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the joint of the repairing section and the gum penetrating section forms a repairing shoulder, and the lower end of the implanted dental crown is stopped at the repairing shoulder.
6. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 5, wherein: the height of the repair section is 4.0-6.0 mm, and the taper angle is 6-10 degrees;
the height of the gum penetrating section is 3.0-4.0 mm, and the diameter of the gum penetrating section is consistent with the diameter of the upper end of the taper section;
the size of the limiting section of the metal reinforcing part is consistent with that of the taper section, the diameters of the inner walls of the middle section of the metal reinforcing part and the base section are consistent with that of the main body section, and the sum of the heights of the inner walls of the middle section of the metal reinforcing part and the base section is consistent with that of the main body section;
the height I of the limiting section12.0-3.0 mm, the outer diameter of the inner wall is consistent with the outer diameter of the middle section, the inner wall is in a round platform shape, the inner diameter of the lower end is consistent with the inner diameter of the middle section, and the taper angle isθ＝6°～8°；
The thickness of the outer wall of the middle section is 0.3mm, and the height I21.0-3.0 mm, 4.0-5.0 mm inner diameter;
height I of the base section3The thickness of the bottom wall of the base section is 1mm, 3.0 mm.
7. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 4, wherein: the thread pitch of the thread on the outer wall of the metal reinforcing part is 0.8-1.25 mm, the cross section of the thread is triangular, and the tooth height of the thread is 0.2 mm.
8. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 4, wherein: the width of the repair shoulder is 0.3 mm.
9. The metal reinforced ceramic oral implant of claim 8, wherein: the limiting section and the middle section of the metal reinforcing part are integrally formed, and the middle section and the base section are formed by welding.
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CN107773315A (en) * 2017-11-10 2018-03-09 山东工业陶瓷研究设计院有限公司 A kind of attachment structure and tooth implant for connecting ceramic component

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CN1557264A (en) * 2004-02-06 2004-12-29 吴大怡 Titanium ceramet collar composite teeth implant
CN201192385Y (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-02-11 宝元科技股份有限公司 Artificial tooth root
CN102715961A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-10 唐志辉 Individualized anatomical type tooth root implant
CN202892117U (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-04-24 浙江工业大学 Natural tooth root-imitation multi-tooth root implant
CN204033515U (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-24 重庆润泽医药有限公司 A kind of Dental implantion dummy

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JP4321635B2 (en) * 2007-07-27 2009-08-26 セイコーエプソン株式会社 Method for producing dental implant

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1557264A (en) * 2004-02-06 2004-12-29 吴大怡 Titanium ceramet collar composite teeth implant
CN201192385Y (en) * 2008-03-27 2009-02-11 宝元科技股份有限公司 Artificial tooth root
CN202892117U (en) * 2012-05-31 2013-04-24 浙江工业大学 Natural tooth root-imitation multi-tooth root implant
CN102715961A (en) * 2012-07-11 2012-10-10 唐志辉 Individualized anatomical type tooth root implant
CN204033515U (en) * 2014-08-15 2014-12-24 重庆润泽医药有限公司 A kind of Dental implantion dummy

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