CN106658803B - Heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution - Google Patents
Heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution Download PDFInfo
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- CN106658803B CN106658803B CN201610914904.4A CN201610914904A CN106658803B CN 106658803 B CN106658803 B CN 106658803B CN 201610914904 A CN201610914904 A CN 201610914904A CN 106658803 B CN106658803 B CN 106658803B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B6/00—Heating by electric, magnetic or electromagnetic fields
- H05B6/64—Heating using microwaves
- H05B6/6402—Aspects relating to the microwave cavity
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- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, and discloses a heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution. The device comprises a microwave generator and a waveguide system, wherein the microwave generator is connected with the waveguide system, microwaves are transmitted to a microwave heating cavity through the waveguide system, a horn mouth of the waveguide system is communicated with a box-type oscillating cavity through a first flange, the box-type oscillating cavity is communicated with the microwave heating cavity through a second flange, an communicating part is sealed by engineering plastics, microwaves diffused through the horn mouth form a stable set microwave mode in the box-type oscillating cavity, and the height of the box-type oscillating cavity is not less than half wavelength of the set microwaves. According to the invention, the microwave regulator is arranged in the waveguide system, so that the energy distribution in the microwave heating cavity is changed, and different parts of food are heated in a targeted manner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the new technical field of food processing, and particularly relates to a heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution.
Background
Microwaves refer to electromagnetic waves having a frequency in the range of 300 MHz-300 GHz. Microwaves have been widely used in the field of modern radar and communication technology. In addition to being applied to communication, the heating characteristics of microwaves on dielectric substances make the dielectric substances a new technology for food heat processing. The traditional heat processing method uses hot water or steam as heat source by using high temperature sterilizing pot, and heats the packaged food in 121.1deg.C hot water or steam for 60-90 min to inactivate putrefying pathogenic bacteria and ensure food safety. During the heat treatment, along with the inactivation of pathogenic bacteria, the nutritional and organoleptic qualities of the food are degraded by the heat. In theory, the food quality can be improved on the premise of ensuring the microorganism mortality rate by improving the sterilization temperature and reducing the heating time, but the traditional hot water or steam heating method takes the temperature difference from outside to inside as power to transfer heat and is limited by the lower heat transfer coefficient of the food, and the method is uneven in heating and takes longer time, so that the quality of the food is difficult to be greatly improved while the food safety is ensured by the traditional hot processing method. With the acceleration of modern life pace, traditional processed foods cannot meet the demands of people for high-quality and convenient foods, so various new scientific technologies are tried to be applied to the food field to produce safe, high-quality and long-shelf-life products, wherein the microwave heating technology is regarded as the heating technology with the most industrialized prospect.
Although the microwave heating technology is widely applied to a household microwave oven, the technology and equipment are limited in the aspect of industrial sterilization, and the technology and equipment are not popularized until now. The microwave sterilization technology has a plurality of technical problems in industrial application, such as uneven heating, unfixed cold spot position and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution, which solves the problem of non-uniform microwave heating.
The invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a heating device of adjustable microwave energy distribution, includes microwave generator and waveguide system, microwave generator connects waveguide system, transmits microwave to microwave heating chamber through waveguide system, waveguide system's horn mouth communicates with box-type vibration chamber through first flange, box-type vibration chamber passes through second flange and microwave heating chamber to be connected, seals with plastics at the junction portion, and the microwave after the horn mouth diffusion forms stable setting for microwave mode in box-type vibration chamber, box-type vibration chamber's height is not less than the half wavelength of setting for microwave.
Further, box-type oscillating cavities are respectively connected above and below the microwave heating cavity, and then the waveguide system and the microwave generator are connected through the box-type oscillating cavities.
Further, a microwave regulator is provided inside the box-type oscillation cavity, and the microwave regulator regulates the area distribution of the heating degree in the microwave heating cavity by regulating the microwave energy distribution.
Further, the microwave regulator is arranged above the area which corresponds to the microwave heating cavity and needs to be enhanced in heating intensity.
Further, the microwave regulator is detachably fixed at an interface position in the box-type oscillation cavity, which is close to the microwave heating cavity.
Further, the microwave regulator is made of metal or engineering plastic materials.
Further, the microwave regulator is arranged in different sizes and different shapes according to different foods to be heated, so that microwave energy distribution is regulated, the foods to be heated are intensively heated, and heating uniformity is promoted.
Further, the microwave regulator adopts a metal round tube or a square plastic rod.
The beneficial technical effects of the invention are as follows:
by arranging the box-type oscillating cavity behind the horn mouth of the waveguide system and arranging the microwave regulator in the box-type oscillating cavity, the energy distribution in the microwave heating cavity is changed, so that different parts of food can be heated in a targeted manner.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a heating chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the food loading device of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a microwave heating cavity according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic side view of a microwave heating chamber according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the horn mouth and oscillating cavity of the present invention in a perspective configuration;
the microwave oven comprises a 1-preheating cavity, a 2-microwave heating cavity, a 3-constant temperature sterilization cavity, a 4-cooling cavity, a 5-first water outlet, a 6-first water inlet, a 7-second water outlet, an 8-second water inlet, a 9-third water outlet, a 10-third water inlet, an 11-first water pump, a 12-first heat exchanger, a 13-second water pump, a 14-second heat exchanger, a 15-third water pump, a 16-third heat exchanger, a 17-food carrier, an 18-servo motor lifting flat pushing device, a 19-horizontal chain device, a 20-first vertical chain device, a 21-second vertical chain device, a 22-axon, a 23-metal shielding plate, a 24-chain, a 25-horn mouth, a 26-box type oscillator, a 27-microwave regulator and a 28-waveguide system.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the overall structure of the present invention is schematically shown. The intelligent microwave heating device includes microwave generator, waveguide system, heating cavity, food loading device and intelligent microwave system. The frequency of the microwave source is between 890-940MHz and 2400-2500MHz, and the frequency fluctuation is less than 2MHz.
As shown in fig. 2, the heating chamber is divided into four sections: a preheating cavity 1, a plurality of microwave heating cavities 2, a constant temperature sterilization cavity 3 and a cooling cavity 4. The whole cavity is made of stainless steel materials. The four parts are filled with water at different temperatures, packaged foods sequentially pass through the four parts in the water through the food loading device, the four parts are provided with independent water circulation systems, the water temperature of each part can be set according to the needs, each part is provided with a temperature monitoring point, the heat exchanger is externally matched with the heat exchanger to adjust the water temperature in real time, and the inside of the system can be provided with different pressures according to different water temperatures from 0 MPa to 0.3MPa.
The preheating cavity and the first microwave heating cavity are separated by a first partition board, the constant-temperature sterilization cavity and the cooling cavity are separated by a second partition board, the first partition board and the second partition board are fixed at the bottom of the cavity and are not contacted with the top of the cavity, and each microwave heating cavity is communicated with the constant-temperature sterilization cavity.
The lower part of the preheating cavity is provided with a preheating water inlet 5, the upper part of the preheating cavity is provided with a preheating water outlet 6, the preheating water inlet 5 and the preheating water outlet 6 are connected through a preheating water pump 11 and a preheating heat exchanger 12, and the water circulation system utilizes the preheating water pump 11 and the preheating heat exchanger 12 to finish the water circulation flow in the preheating cavity and keep the water temperature stable; a heating water inlet 7 is arranged at the lower part of the first microwave heating cavity, a heating water outlet 8 is arranged at the upper part of the constant-temperature sterilization cavity, the heating water inlet 7 and the heating water outlet 8 are connected with a heating heat exchanger 14 through a heating water pump 13, and a water circulation system utilizes the heating water pump 13 and the heating heat exchanger 14 to finish the water circulation flow in the microwave heating cavity and the constant-temperature sterilization cavity and keep the water temperature stable; the lower part of the cooling cavity is provided with a cooling water inlet 9, the upper part of the cooling cavity is provided with a cooling water outlet 10, the cooling water inlet 9 and the cooling water outlet 10 are connected through a cooling water pump 15 and a cooling heat exchanger 16, and the water circulation system utilizes the cooling water pump 15 and the cooling heat exchanger 16 to finish the water circulation flow in the cooling cavity and keep the water temperature stable.
The preheating chamber is to heat the water in the preheating chamber by using a preheating heat exchanger until reaching the preheating temperature (generally 30-60 ℃), then placing the food into the preheating chamber for preheating, and standing for a period of time (generally 15-40 minutes) to ensure that all parts of the food have uniform initial temperature.
The microwave heating cavity is provided with two symmetrical heating windows up and down, microwaves are transmitted from the microwave generator to the microwave heating cavity through the waveguide system 28, the microwaves are divided into two parts by the horizontal power distributor, each part is divided into an upper part and a lower part by the vertical power distributor, the two parts penetrate through the heating windows of the microwave heating cavity from top to bottom respectively to enter the microwave heating cavity, the heating windows are sealed by engineering plastics, and water in the microwave heating cavity is prevented from being shunted out when the microwaves enter the microwave heating cavity. The food is heated by microwaves and the temperature is rapidly raised to the target heat sterilization temperature (90 to 125 degrees). The arrangement of each microwave heating cavity requires that the inner wall is smooth, the window material of the microwave cavity is high pressure resistant, and the window size is adjustable.
Constant temperature sterilization chamber: after microwave heating, the food is kept in water at the heat sterilization temperature for a certain period of time (generally 3-15 minutes) to achieve the expected sterilization effect, i.e., microbial mortality.
The cooling cavity is used for heating water in the cooling cavity by using the cooling heat exchanger until reaching the cooling temperature (0-25 ℃), and the food which has reached the sterilization effect is rapidly cooled in the cooling cavity, generally for 5-10 minutes.
The invention aims at industrial production, and the food flowing of the whole device is realized by a food loading device. The device adopts a non-conveyor belt design, utilizes a specially designed food carrier to finish a heating process of N foods at one time, and can realize continuous operation. As shown in fig. 3, the food loading device comprises a food carrier 17, a servo motor lifting flat pushing device 18 arranged in the preheating cavity 1, a horizontal chain device 19 arranged in the microwave heating cavity 2, a sterilizing chain device 20 arranged in the constant-temperature sterilizing cavity 3 and a cooling chain device 21 arranged in the cooling cavity 4, wherein the moving directions of the sterilizing chain device 20 and the cooling chain device 21 are opposite.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, in order to eliminate the influence of the chain on the microwave distribution, metal shielding plates 23 are provided on both sides of the inside of each microwave heating chamber 2 in the length direction. The metal shielding plate 23 is movably fixed at the bottom of the microwave heating cavity 2 and is not higher than the top of the microwave heating cavity. The chains of the horizontal chain device are arranged between the cavities on two sides of the microwave heating cavity and the metal shielding plates 23, a plurality of axons 22 are arranged on two sides of the food carrier 17, the food carrier is connected with the chains 24 through the axons 22, a plurality of notches are arranged on the chains, and the axons penetrate through the upper parts of the metal shielding plates 23 and the notches on the chains to detachably fix the food carrier.
The food flows in the whole device of the invention are as follows:
preheating chamber: firstly, putting foods to be heated into food carriers, then stacking the food carriers one by one, and putting the food carriers into a preheating cavity for preheating; when the preheating time is reached, the servo motor lifts the horizontal pushing device to lift the plurality of food carriers which are overlapped together, then the long air cylinders in the device are utilized to horizontally push the food carriers to pass through the first partition plate to enter the first microwave heating cavity one by one, and the food carriers are placed on the horizontal chain device in the microwave heating cavity;
microwave heating cavity: the notch on the chain of the horizontal chain device is matched and fixed with the axon of the food carrier, so that the chain drives the food carrier to move in the cavity, and the general running speed is 2-10m/min; after heating is completed, the food carrier is driven by the chain to reach the joint of the last microwave heating cavity and the constant-temperature sterilizing cavity, and the long cylinder of the horizontal chain device is utilized to horizontally push the food carrier to the sterilizing chain device of the constant-temperature sterilizing cavity;
constant temperature sterilization chamber: the food carrier falls on the chain of the sterilization chain device and slowly moves in the cavity under the drive of the chain; after sterilization is completed, the food carrier moves to the joint of the constant-temperature sterilization cavity and the cooling cavity, at the moment, the food carrier is separated from a flat plate on which a chain falls, the food carrier is lifted to the position above the second partition plate by using a cylinder arranged below the flat plate in the sterilization chain device, and then is horizontally pushed across the second partition plate by using another cylinder to enter the cooling chain device of the cooling cavity;
cooling cavity: the food carrier falling on the chain of the cooling chain device is driven by the chain to slowly move in the cavity until cooling and moving out of the cavity are completed, and finally, food heating is completed.
The operation of the whole system is controlled by an intelligent microwave system: the method comprises the steps of power setting during operation, food moving speed, valve opening and closing and real-time monitoring of temperatures of all parts. The continuity of the main controller MCU is monitored by a fault diagnosis module. The main controller MCU is connected with the microwave generator and used for controlling microwave power; the main controller MCU is respectively connected with the preheating water pump, the heating water pump and the cooling water pump and is used for controlling the water flow speed of the preheating cavity, the plurality of microwave heating cavities, the constant-temperature sterilization cavity and the cooling cavity;
the main controller MCU is respectively connected with the preheating heat exchanger, the heating heat exchanger and the cooling heat exchanger and is used for controlling the water temperatures of the preheating cavity, the plurality of microwave heating cavities, the constant-temperature sterilization cavity and the cooling cavity;
the main controller MCU is connected with a servo motor of the servo motor lifting flat pushing device and is used for lifting a plurality of food carriers stacked together to be horizontally pushed onto a horizontal chain device which spans the upper part of the first partition plate and is placed into the microwave heating cavity; the main controller MCU is connected with a servo motor of the horizontal chain device and is used for pushing the food carriers into the sterilizing chain device of the constant-temperature sterilizing cavity one by one; the main controller MCU is connected with a servo motor of the sterilization chain device and is used for lifting the food carriers one by one to cross over the upper side of the second partition plate and horizontally pushing the food carriers into the cooling chain device of the cooling cavity. The main controller MCU is connected with a servo motor of the cooling chain device and is used for moving the food carriers out of the cooling cavity one by one.
The main controller MCU controls the water temperature to maintain at the preheating temperature according to feedback of a preheating temperature sensor arranged in the preheating cavity; the main controller MCU controls the water temperature to maintain at the heating sterilization temperature according to the feedback of a heating temperature sensor arranged in the constant-temperature sterilization cavity; the main controller MCU controls the water temperature to be maintained at the cooling temperature according to feedback of a cooling temperature sensor arranged in the cooling cavity.
The main controller MCU controls the preheating time according to feedback of a timer arranged in the preheating cavity;
the water flow velocity in the preheating cavity, the constant-temperature sterilization cavity, the one or more microwave heating cavities and the cooling cavity is uniform; the speed of movement of the food carrier within the one or more microwave heating chambers, thermostatic sterilizing chambers and cooling chambers is also uniform and is set differently according to the food item.
The conventional horn mouth design is to disperse and guide microwaves into the microwave heating cavity, and the horn mouth 25 is connected with the microwave heating cavity 2 through a flange. The horn mouth-box type oscillating cavity is designed, as shown in fig. 6, the horn mouth 25 is communicated with the box type oscillating cavity 26 through a first flange, the box type oscillating cavity 26 is communicated with the microwave heating cavity 2 through a second flange, the communicating part is sealed by engineering plastics, and microwaves diffused through the horn mouth form stable design microwave modes such as TE10, TE20, TE30 and the like in the box type oscillating cavity 26. The height of the box-type oscillation cavity 26 is not less than half the wavelength of the set microwaves, the width is less than the distance between the metal shielding plates 23 in the microwave heating cavity 2, and the length is not greater than the length of the metal shielding plates 23 in the microwave heating cavity 2.
A microwave regulator 27 is arranged in the oscillation chamber 26, which regulator regulates the microwave energy distribution inside the microwave heating chamber. It has been found through experimentation that the material may be metal or engineering plastic, and that the metal or plastic conditioner is capable of causing microwave energy to be concentrated directly beneath the conditioner, thereby conditioning the microwave energy distribution. Due to the fact that the food is different in size and thickness, non-uniform heating inside the food can be formed during microwave heating, microwave regulators with different sizes and shapes can be arranged according to different foods to adjust the distribution of microwave energy, such as a metal round tube, a plastic round tube or a square plastic rod, heating degree of a low-temperature area can be improved, heating uniformity is promoted, and accordingly food heating quality is improved.
The diameter range of the metal round tube is 5-100mm, the width range of the square plastic rod is 10-50mm, and the thickness range is 10-100mm.
The invention realizes the circulating flow of water in the cavity by combining the unique design of the heating cavity with the water pump and the heat exchanger, thereby improving the food heating quality; the industrial application of microwave heating is realized by means of the food loading device and the intelligent control system; by arranging the box-type oscillating cavity behind the horn mouth of the waveguide system and arranging the microwave regulator in the box-type oscillating cavity, the energy distribution in the microwave heating cavity is changed, so that different parts of food can be heated in a targeted manner.
While particular embodiments of the present invention have been described above, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that these are merely illustrative, and that many changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims.
Claims (3)
1. A heating device capable of adjusting microwave energy distribution, comprising a microwave generator and a waveguide system, wherein the microwave generator is connected with the waveguide system, and microwaves are transmitted to a microwave heating cavity through the waveguide system, and the heating device is characterized in that: the horn mouth of the waveguide system is communicated with the box-type oscillating cavity through a first flange, the box-type oscillating cavity is communicated with the microwave heating cavity through a second flange, the communicating part is sealed by using plastic, microwaves diffused through the horn mouth form a stable set microwave mode in the box-type oscillating cavity, and the height of the box-type oscillating cavity is not less than half wavelength of the set microwaves;
a microwave regulator is arranged in the box-type oscillation cavity, and the microwave regulator regulates the area distribution of the heating degree in the microwave heating cavity by regulating the microwave energy distribution;
the microwave regulator is arranged above a region which corresponds to the microwave heating cavity and needs to enhance the heating intensity; the microwave regulator is made of metal or engineering plastic materials; the microwave regulator is arranged in different sizes and different shapes according to different foods to be heated, so that the microwave energy distribution is regulated, the foods to be heated are intensively heated, and the heating uniformity is promoted;
the microwave regulator adopts a metal round tube or a square plastic rod; the diameter range of the metal round tube is 5-100mm, the width range of the square plastic rod is 10-50mm, and the thickness range is 10-100mm.
2. The adjustable microwave energy distribution heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the upper part and the lower part of the microwave heating cavity are respectively connected with a box-type oscillating cavity, and then the box-type oscillation cavity is used for connecting the waveguide system and the microwave generator.
3. The adjustable microwave energy distribution heating apparatus of claim 1, wherein: the microwave regulator is detachably fixed at the interface position, close to the microwave heating cavity, in the box-type oscillating cavity.
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| US9681500B2 (en) | 2012-03-14 | 2017-06-13 | Microwave Materials Technologies, Inc. | Enhanced microwave system employing inductive iris |
| AU2016331303B2 (en) | 2015-10-01 | 2019-09-12 | 915 Labs, LLC | Convey line carrier for microwave heating |
| CN110313219A (en) | 2016-10-03 | 2019-10-08 | 915 实验室公司 | Transmission line bracket for microwave heating |
| KR102559694B1 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2023-07-25 | 915 랩스, 엘엘씨 | Energy control element for improved microwave heating of packaged goods |
| CA3056407A1 (en) | 2017-03-15 | 2018-09-20 | 915 Labs, LLC | Multi-pass microwave heating system |
| CN110771261B (en) | 2017-04-17 | 2023-02-17 | 915 实验室公司 | Microwave-assisted sterilization and pasteurization system using cooperative packaging, carrier and emitter configurations |
| CN109496003A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-19 | 成都赛纳微波科技有限公司 | Modularization microwave heating equipment |
| CN109548212A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-03-29 | 成都赛纳微波科技有限公司 | Basic mode microwave heating equipment |
| CN109587862A (en) * | 2018-11-20 | 2019-04-05 | 成都赛纳微波科技有限公司 | Relevant modularization microwave heating equipment entirely |
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| FI122204B (en) * | 2008-09-11 | 2011-10-14 | Raute Oyj | Device for microwave heating of flat products |
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| CN102258970A (en) * | 2010-05-25 | 2011-11-30 | 罗代洪 | Microwave reaction kettle |
| CN201860474U (en) * | 2010-09-30 | 2011-06-08 | 中国农业机械化科学研究院 | Microwave heating energy-feedback antenna and microwave vacuum drying device equipped with the same |
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