CN106656321B - The method for real-time measurement and system of the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier - Google Patents
The method for real-time measurement and system of the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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Abstract
The present invention relates to the method for real-time measurement and system of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of the signal of light carrier spectrum, including continuous light source, the first Polarization Controllers, first photo-coupler, the first nonlinear device, the first optical filter, first image intensifer, ultrashort pulse source, the first big dispersion element, second Polarization Controller, the second photo-coupler, the second nonlinear device, second optical filter, the second largest dispersion element, the second image intensifer, optical detector, real-time oscilloscope.The present invention directly radio-frequency spectrum amplitude information of detectable signal in the time domain, is able to achieve real-time measurement frame frequency rate of the radio-frequency spectrum of signal from MHz to GHz；The radio frequency spectrometry of light carrier is directly converted directly into full area of light from electrical domain measurement and measures by the present invention, and the bandwidth of photodetector is avoided to limit, and has the advantages that the big radio frequency bandwidth of measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of photoelectric detection, the in particular to real-time survey of the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier
Amount.
Background technique
Radio-frequency spectrum refers to the Fourier spectrum of the intensity envelope of electromagnetic field, and light is also a kind of electromagnetic wave, can regard a kind of load
Wave has many advantages, such as with roomy, electromagnetism interference.As the technologies such as optical communication technique and Microwave photonics technology rapidly develop,
The radio frequency spectrometry of light carrier be widely deployed the signal quality monitoring in optic communication, radio communication, radar system,
In the scientific researches such as electronics integrated chip.In these scientific researches, usually information to be detected is loaded by certain way
In the radio-frequency spectrum of the big bandwidth of light carrier, therefore the precise measurement of the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of light carrier is the base of these applications
Plinth.Currently, the scheme for having many measurement accuracy high can all realize the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier to a certain extent
Measurement, is broadly divided into two class methods.The first kind is the electronic measurement technique scheme based on electricity field, wherein than more typical side
Case is frequency sweep tuner-type and fast Fourier varying type.Both methods is all by the way that optical carrier is passed through photodetector
Its radio frequency spectrum information is measured by electricity processing technique mature in electrical domain after being converted to electric signal.This method is based on more
Mature electronic technology, Measurement Resolution are higher.But its measurable radio frequency spectrum width is limited to the limit of photodetector bandwidth
System, generally in 100GHz hereinafter, being furthermore limited to electronic signal process rate, real-time measurement rate is limited.Therefore this kind of side
Case is not suitable for the occasion of measured signal radio-frequency spectrum wider (> 100GHz), is not suitable for needing the super of real-time measurement radio-frequency spectrum yet
The occasion of fast dynamics variation.Second class is the radio-frequency spectrum measurement scheme of the full area of light based on nonlinear effect.It is by intersecting phase
The radio-frequency spectrum of optical carrier to be measured is transformed into detection light spectrally, then passes through spectrum by the nonlinear effects such as position modulation
Instrument directly reads its radio frequency spectrum information.This method avoids photodetector because utilizing ultrafast nonlinear effect
Switching bandwith limitation is capable of measuring the radio-frequency spectrum of large bandwidth, the currently reported bandwidth that can measure up to 2.5THz.But due to
Radio frequency spectrum information is directly read using spectrometer, resolution limitations are in spectrometer resolution ratio, common diffraction grating spectrometer
Its corresponding radio frequency spectral resolution is 2.5GHz when resolution ratio is 0.02nm.Furthermore it is limited to the sweep speed of spectrometer, is penetrated
The rate of spectrum detection is slower, in MHz magnitude hereinafter, the former ultrafast dynamic change that it is not suitable for needing real-time measurement radio-frequency spectrum
Occasion.By the analysis to the prior art, it can be found that current techniques can be composed preferably suitable for the big bandwidth radio-frequency of light carrier
Change slower field, but the very fast dynamic change of big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier this field ability extremely has
Limit, this needs the measuring system to have the function of real-time measurement.
Therefore, it is necessary to study a kind of real-time measurement system of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of the signal of light carrier spectrum, it has not only been wanted
At the measurement that big bandwidth radio-frequency is composed, and the energy ultrafast dynamic change of the real-time measurement radio-frequency spectrum is wanted, to alleviate the prior art at this
The extremely limited status of ability under kind occasion.Furthermore the advantages that system also needs structure simple, and the scope of application is wider.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to the real-time of the big bandwidth radio-frequency for the signal for proposing to be able to achieve light carrier spectrum
The method and system of measurement, to alleviate the prior art extremely limited status of ability in the application field.
In order to solve the above technical problems, present invention firstly provides a kind of realities of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of the signal of light carrier spectrum
When measurement method, comprising the following steps:
Continuous wave laser output continuous light, after the first Polarization Controller with the big bandwidth radio-frequency of light carrier to be measured
Signal be input in the first nonlinear device together Cross-phase Modulation occur after the coupling of the first photo-coupler；
The mixed signal exported in first nonlinear device is filtered the spectrum near continuous light by the first optical filter
It takes out, and enters the input signal after the progress power amplification of the first image intensifer as next step；
The ultrashort pulse of ultrashort pulse source output carries out time domain expansion by the first big dispersion element, forms swept light source,
Polarization Controller controls the polarization state of swept light source, keeps it consistent with the polarization state of continuous light of leaching；
The continuous light of leaching enters after the second photo-coupler is coupled with swept light source is input to the second nonlinear device
Ideler frequency light is generated after middle carry out degeneration four-wave mixing, ideler frequency light is passed through into the second optical filter leaching；
The ideler frequency light that the second optical filter leaching goes out passes through the second largest dispersion element, the dispersion of the second largest dispersion element
When amount is the negative half of the dispersion measure of the first big dispersion element, time domain that ideler frequency light exports after the second largest dispersion element
The radio-frequency spectrum of waveform shape and the big bandwidth signal of input to be measured is at certain ratio；
Time-domain signal after the second largest dispersion element output is detected through optical detector, and it is laggard to convert light signals into electric signal
Row real-time sampling obtains amplitude information, and the radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of the amplitude information and big bandwidth to be measured of output is proportional.
Present invention simultaneously provides a kind of real-time measurement systems of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of the signal of light carrier spectrum, including continuous light
Source, the first Polarization Controller, the first photo-coupler, the first nonlinear device, the first optical filter, the first image intensifer are ultrashort
Clock, the first big dispersion element, the second Polarization Controller, the second photo-coupler, the second nonlinear device, the filtering of the second light
Device, the second largest dispersion element, the second image intensifer, optical detector, real-time oscilloscope；
The continuous light source, for Cross-phase Modulation to occur with measured signal；
First Polarization Controller, the polarization state for controlling continuous light is consistent with measured signal polarization state, makes to intersect
Phase-modulation is most strong；
First photo-coupler, for being coupled to a branch by certain power proportions by continuous light and to light signal
In；
First nonlinear device, for Cross-phase Modulation to occur, can be designed by device makes cross-phase effect
It is optimal；
First optical filter comes out the continuous light spectrum leaching after Cross-phase Modulation；
Light is carried out a certain proportion of amplification by power by first image intensifer；
The ultrashort pulse source, for generating the biggish ultrashort pulse of bandwidth；
The first big dispersion element, for stretching ultrashort pulse progress time domain to form swept light source；
Second Polarization Controller, the continuous polarization state one that polarization state and leaching for controlling swept light source go out
It causes, keeps four-wave mixing effect optimal；
Second photo-coupler, continuous light and swept light source for going out leaching are coupled to one by certain power proportions
In a branch；
Second nonlinear device, for four-wave mixing effect to occur, can be designed by device makes four-wave mixing effect
It is optimal；
Second optical filter comes out the spectrum leaching for the ideler frequency light that four-wave mixing generates；
The second largest dispersion element, dispersion measure is the negative half of the dispersion measure of the first big dispersion element, defeated
Domain waveform is proportional to the radio-frequency spectrum of input signal when light out；
Light is carried out a certain proportion of amplification by power by second image intensifer；
The optical signal of detection is converted into analog electrical signal by the optical detector；
The real-time oscilloscope is used to be converted to digital signal after optical detector output electric current is sampled and quantified.
Preferably, the described first big dispersion element or the second largest dispersion element select optical fiber, Prague chirp grating, multimode
Waveguide or wavelength division multiplexer are realized.
It is also preferred that the first, second nonlinear device unit selects highly nonlinear optical fiber, silica wave respectively
It leads, the organic matter integrated device of silica-based waveguides, silicon nitride waveguides or high non-linearity is realized.
It is also preferred that the first, second nonlinear device unit, the first, second big dispersion element is on chip
Integration realization.
It is also preferred that the optical detector is high speed photodetector.
It is also preferred that the real-time oscilloscope is real-time sampling mode.
The present invention can complete in this application field of the ultrafast dynamic change of big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of light carrier
Real-time measurement, to alleviate the prior art extremely limited status of ability in this field.It is detected in the invention direct time-domain to be measured
Radio-frequency spectrum measurement process, is transformed into the measurement of time domain waveform by the radio frequency spectrum information of signal, is avoided using complicated electricity radio frequency
Detection system is composed, has the advantages that Measurement bandwidth is big and energy real-time measurement, applied widely, the simple advantage of structure.
Detailed description of the invention
Technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is the system structure diagram for the real-time all-optical field measurement that the present invention is embodied.
Fig. 2 is the time domain waveform for testing the cosine signal of the system.
Fig. 3 is the radio frequency domains waveform diagram for testing the cosine signal of the system.
Fig. 4 is the spectrum and filtered spectrogram near light continuous after Cross-phase Modulation.
Fig. 5 is the time domain waveform that the last system is obtained through real-time oscilloscope post-sampling.
Fig. 6 (a) is the radio-frequency spectrum of different radio frequency frequency signal used when testing the system bandwidth.
Fig. 6 (b) is output time-domain waveform diagram corresponding with test radiofrequency signal.
Fig. 7 (a) by test the system radio frequency identification rate when used signal waveforms, radio-frequency spectrum is by two frequency phases
The little radiofrequency signal composition of difference.
Fig. 7 (b) is the time domain waveform of the corresponding test signal output of the system.
Fig. 8 is the radio-frequency power working range figure for testing the system.
Specific embodiment
The full light real-time measurement radio frequency spectra system of the signal of big bandwidth as shown in Figure 1, comprising: continuous wave laser 1, first
Polarization Controller 2, the first photo-coupler 3, the first nonlinear device 4, the first optical filter 5, the first image intensifer 6, ultrashort arteries and veins
Rush source 7, the first big dispersion element 8, the second Polarization Controller 9, the second photo-coupler 10, the second nonlinear device 11, the second light
Filter 12, the second largest dispersion element 13, the second image intensifer 14, optical detector 15, real-time oscilloscope 16.First big dispersion list
The first or second largest dispersion element can select optical fiber, Prague chirp grating, multimode waveguide or wavelength division multiplexer to realize.
First, second nonlinear device unit selects highly nonlinear optical fiber, SiO 2 waveguide, silica-based waveguides, nitrogen respectively
The organic matter integrated device of SiClx waveguide or high non-linearity is realized.First, second nonlinear device unit, the first, second big color
Throwaway member integration realization on chip.Optical detector is high speed photodetector.Real-time oscilloscope is real-time sampling mode.
Table 1 is a kind of major parameter of the main devices of embodiment of the system, which can change into identical function
Other materials device.
Table 1
The method for real-time measurement of the big bandwidth radio-frequency spectrum of the signal for the light carrier that the present invention is embodied, specifically includes as follows
Step:
1) the continuous light that continuous wave laser 1 exports passes through after the first Polarization Controller 2 with big bandwidth signal to be measured
It is input in the first nonlinear device 4 together after the coupling of first photo-coupler 3 and Cross-phase Modulation occurs.
2) mixed signal exported in the first nonlinear device 4 is passed through into the first optical filter 5 for the light near continuous light
Spectrum leaching comes out, and enters the input signal after the progress power amplification of the first image intensifer 6 as next step.
3) ultrashort pulse that ultrashort pulse source 7 exports carries out time domain expansion by the first big dispersion element 8, forms sweep light
Source, the second Polarization Controller 9 are used to control the polarization state of swept light source, keep it consistent with the polarization state of continuous light of leaching.
4) it is non-linear to be input to second after being coupled with swept light source into the second photo-coupler 10 for the continuous light of leaching
Four-wave mixing effect is carried out in device 11 generates ideler frequency light.By mixed light Jing Guo postposition 12 leaching of the second optical filter birth at
Ideler frequency light.
5) ideler frequency light passes through the second largest dispersion element 13, and dispersion measure is minus the two of the dispersion measure of the first big dispersion element 8
When/mono-, time-domain pulse shape and the big bandwidth signal of input to be measured that ideler frequency light exports after the second largest dispersion element 13
Radio-frequency spectrum is at certain ratio.
6) time-domain signal after the second largest dispersion element 13 exports is detected through optical detector 15, converts light signals into telecommunications
Carry out real-time sampling after number and obtain amplitude information, the radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of the amplitude information and big bandwidth to be measured of output be into than
Example.
If Fig. 2, Fig. 3 can be seen that using test the systematic survey ability be cosine signal, rf frequency is
200GHz, far beyond the bandwidth (up to 100GHz) of current electro-optical detector, radio-frequency spectrum is based on conventional electrical
Radio frequency spectral technology institute is immeasurable.As shown in figure 4, Cross-phase Modulation shifts the 200GHz radio frequency of optical carrier to be measured
Arrived carrier wave be continuous light 1540.5nm place spectrally, by the first optical filter leaching out unilateral spectrum be with to
The radiofrequency signal for surveying signal is identical, is all 200GHz, and amplitude differs a constant.As shown in Figure 5, it can be seen that by 40GHz high
Time domain waveform after fast photodetector and real-time oscilloscope sampling is the radiofrequency signal with the 200GHz of measured signal at certain
Ratio also real-time measurement can go out the radiofrequency signal of the measured signal in the time domain.
Such as Fig. 6 (a) it can be seen that being believed by the cosine that the measured signal for inputting light carrier is tuned as to different radio frequency frequency
Number, radio frequency band can measure to test the system by the time domain waveform response exported after the big bandwidth real-time measurement radio frequency spectra system
It is wide.It can be seen that being swept to radiofrequency signal from 10GHz, 100GHz, 200GHz, 300GHz, 400GHz, 500GHz, 600GHz
Frequently, input range is impartial.Such as Fig. 6 (b) as can be seen that its time domain waveform exported is not contour, but present
The low trend in the high both sides in a kind of centre out, this mainly emulates selected highly nonlinear optical fiber relating to parameters with four-wave mixing,
Its four-wave mixing bandwidth is 5nm, and exactly corresponding to spectrally bandwidth is 600GHz.If using the optimization designs mistake such as silica-based waveguides
Nonlinear device unit afterwards, four-wave mixing bandwidth is up to 140nm or more, when would not have this bandwidth limitation bring
The situation that shape response in domain does not wait.It is defined according to three dB bandwidth most common in radio frequency spectrometry: when measured value drops to peak
Corresponding frequency is its three dB bandwidth when half.It can be seen that the system can measure the radio-frequency spectrum bandwidth of up to 600GHz.
In addition, the occupied time domain width of the spectrum signal of 600GHz is that 10ns namely the measuring system can from time scale
It may be up to 100MHz with real-time measurement frame frequency rate.
Such as Fig. 7 (a) it can be seen that by that will be that the measured signal that 300GHz and 301.5GHz are formed inputs by rf frequency
The system tests its rf frequency resolution ratio.It can be seen that the two rf frequencies are clear in the radio-frequency spectrum of measured signal
It is distinguishable.Such as Fig. 7 (b) as can be seen that two pulses for passing through the 3dB that its time domain waveform median after the system is peak
Shape.According to similar Rayleigh criterion, differed at two peak value of pulses and the valley at its overlapping place to think the two pulses when 3dB
It is clear distinguishable in the time domain.It is considered that it is that can differentiate substantially that the two radiofrequency signals, which are formed by time domain impulse,
, therefore, the radio frequency identification rate that can be defined as the system is 1.5GHz, is mainly constrained to high-speed photodetector and reality
When oscillograph bandwidth limitation, when using current state-of-the-art real-time oscilloscope system, resolution ratio can be further enhanced.
When as can be seen in Figure 8, by being scanned the radio-frequency power of input signal by -54dBm to -5dBm, pass through measurement
The peak power of system output pulse shape and the linear relationship of input radio frequency power measure the radio frequency that the system can work
Power bracket.In order to be shown in the dynamic range in whole bandwidth, test respectively rf frequency be 10GHz, 300GHz,
The cosine signal of 600GHz.As can be seen that in -55dBm in the section -13dBm, output signal power and input signal power at
Excellent linear relationship, this illustrates that the system can be with successful operation in this power interval.And 300GHz signal is in the input work
It is substantially poor in 3dB or so with the output power of 10GHz, 600GHz signal in rate section, this explanation in this input power section,
The bandwidth of operation of the system is all in the range of up to 600GHz.And input radio frequency power is in -13dBm to the section -5dBm, it is defeated
Power and input power be not linear out, and it is nothing that this, which illustrates that the system is distortion in the input radio frequency power interval,
What method worked normally.This mainly by the limitation that is introduced on the system principle, required in Cross-phase Modulation input to
It surveys signal power and is less than certain threshold value, when the threshold value is exceeded the radio-frequency spectrum of the spectrum after its Cross-phase Modulation and the signal
It can not be approximate.It will be seen that the system to input radio frequency power bracket by be all in the section of -55dBm to -13dBm can
With normal work, dynamic range has 38dB.But in practice its also with the parameters such as selected photodetector, image intensifer
It is related.
It should be noted last that the above specific embodiment is only used to illustrate the technical scheme of the present invention and not to limit it,
Although implementing example referring to common devices parameter to describe the invention in detail, those skilled in the art should be managed
Solution, can be modified or replaced equivalently device in technical solution of the present invention, such as by nonlinear device unit by Gao Fei
Linear optical fiber is substituted for the silica-based waveguides that optimization design is crossed, and such as has big dispersion for what big dispersive optical fiber replaced with that optimization design crosses
Bragg grating etc., it is available more preferably to can measure bandwidth, integrability and miniaturization etc., but it does not depart from skill of the present invention
The spirit and scope of art scheme, are intended to be within the scope of the claims of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. the method for real-time measurement that a kind of big bandwidth radio-frequency of signal of light carrier is composed, which comprises the following steps:
Continuous wave laser output continuous light, after the first Polarization Controller with the letter of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of light carrier to be measured
It number is input in the first nonlinear device together Cross-phase Modulation occurs after the coupling of the first photo-coupler；
The mixed signal exported in first nonlinear device is gone out the spectrum leaching near continuous light by the first optical filter
Come, and enters the input signal after the progress power amplification of the first image intensifer as next step；
The ultrashort pulse of ultrashort pulse source output carries out time domain expansion by the first big dispersion element, forms swept light source, polarization
Controller controls the polarization state of swept light source, keeps it consistent with the polarization state of continuous light of leaching；
The continuous light of leaching and swept light source enter after the second photo-coupler is coupled be input in the second nonlinear device into
Ideler frequency light is generated after row degeneration four-wave mixing, ideler frequency light is passed through into the second optical filter leaching；
The ideler frequency light that the second optical filter leaching goes out passes through the second largest dispersion element, and the dispersion measure of the second largest dispersion element is
When the negative half of the dispersion measure of the first big dispersion element, time domain waveform that ideler frequency light exports after the second largest dispersion element
Shape and the radio-frequency spectrum of the big bandwidth signal of input to be measured are at certain ratio；
Time-domain signal after the second largest dispersion element output is detected through optical detector, is carried out in fact after converting light signals into electric signal
When sample to obtain amplitude information, the radio-frequency spectrum of the signal of the amplitude information and big bandwidth to be measured of output is proportional.
2. a kind of full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal, which is characterized in that including continuous light source, the first polarization
Controller, the first photo-coupler, the first nonlinear device, the first optical filter, the first image intensifer, ultrashort pulse source, first
Big dispersion element, the second Polarization Controller, the second photo-coupler, the second nonlinear device, the second optical filter, the second largest dispersion
Unit, the second image intensifer, optical detector, real-time oscilloscope；
The continuous light source, for Cross-phase Modulation to occur with measured signal；
First Polarization Controller, the polarization state for controlling continuous light is consistent with measured signal polarization state, makes cross-phase
It modulates most strong；
First photo-coupler, for being coupled in a branch by continuous light and to light signal by certain power proportions；
First nonlinear device, for Cross-phase Modulation to occur, the continuous light of continuous wave laser output is inclined by first
It is input to institute together after coupling with the signal of the big bandwidth radio-frequency of light carrier to be measured by the first photo-coupler after vibration controller
It states in the first nonlinear device；
First optical filter, by the spectrum leaching near the continuous light after the first nonlinear device Cross-phase Modulation
Out, and enter the progress power amplification of the first image intensifer；
First image intensifer, for light to be carried out a certain proportion of amplification by power；
The ultrashort pulse source, for generating the biggish ultrashort pulse of bandwidth；
The first big dispersion element, for stretching ultrashort pulse progress time domain to form swept light source；
Second Polarization Controller, the polarization state for controlling swept light source is consistent with the continuous polarization state that leaching goes out, and makes
Degeneration four-wave mixing effect is optimal；
Second photo-coupler, continuous light and swept light source for going out leaching are coupled to a branch by certain power proportions
Lu Zhong；
It is non-linear that the continuous light of the leaching is input to described second after being coupled with swept light source into the second photo-coupler
In device, second nonlinear device, for four-wave mixing effect to occur；
Second optical filter comes out the ideler frequency spectrum leaching that four-wave mixing generates；
The ideler frequency light that the second optical filter leaching goes out passes through the second largest dispersion element, the second largest dispersion element, color
Scattered amount is the negative half of the dispersion measure of the first big dispersion element, output light when domain waveform and measured signal radio-frequency spectrum
It is proportional；
The light of the second largest dispersion element output is carried out a certain proportion of amplification by power by second image intensifer；
The optical signal that second image intensifer of detection exports is converted into analog electrical signal by the optical detector；
The real-time oscilloscope, for being sampled to optical detector output electric current and being converted to digital signal after being quantified.
3. the full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
One big dispersion element or the second largest dispersion element select optical fiber, Prague chirp grating, multimode waveguide or wavelength division multiplexer real
It is existing.
4. the full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
One, the second nonlinear device selects highly nonlinear optical fiber, SiO 2 waveguide, silica-based waveguides, silicon nitride waveguides or Gao Fei respectively
Linear organic matter integrated device is realized.
5. the full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that described
One, the second nonlinear device, the first, second big dispersion element integration realization on chip.
6. the full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the light
Detector is high speed photodetector.
7. the full light real-time measurement system of the radio-frequency spectrum of big bandwidth signal according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the reality
When oscillograph be real-time sampling mode.
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