CN106655848A - Control method of five-level converter - Google Patents
Control method of five-level converter Download PDFInfo
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- CN106655848A CN106655848A CN201710069674.0A CN201710069674A CN106655848A CN 106655848 A CN106655848 A CN 106655848A CN 201710069674 A CN201710069674 A CN 201710069674A CN 106655848 A CN106655848 A CN 106655848A
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- Prior art keywords
- frequency
- bridge arm
- power
- level
- common
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/483—Converters with outputs that each can have more than two voltages levels
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
- H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
- H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
- H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
- H02M7/53—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M7/537—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters
- H02M7/5387—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only, e.g. single switched pulse inverters in a bridge configuration
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/0048—Circuits or arrangements for reducing losses
- H02M1/0054—Transistor switching losses
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B70/00—Technologies for an efficient end-user side electric power management and consumption
- Y02B70/10—Technologies improving the efficiency by using switched-mode power supplies [SMPS], i.e. efficient power electronics conversion e.g. power factor correction or reduction of losses in power supplies or efficient standby modes
Abstract
The embodiment of the invention discloses a control method of a five-level converter. The five-level converter employs a five-level topology, each bridge arm of the five-level converter comprises a power frequency pipe and a high-frequency pipe, the controller is characterized by employing a digital pulse width modulation (DPWM) control mode, a common-mode voltage is injected, a comparison value between a working frequency of the power frequency pipe and a grid frequency is within a preset range, a comparison value between the working frequency of the high-frequency pipe and the grid frequency is larger than a preset threshold, and the preset threshold is larger than the maximum value contained in the preset range. With the adoption of the five-level converter disclosed by the embodiment, the power conversion efficiency can be improved, and the leakage current of a DC-side negative electrode to the ground is reduced.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to electronic technology field, more particularly to a kind of control method of five-level converter.
Background technology
In monophase system, the level topology of striding capacitance five can use low pressure MOSFET (150V grades), low pressure MOS to allow
Be operated in high frequency state (>50kHz), while ensureing relatively low switching loss；System equivalent switching frequency is doubled, and can significantly be dropped
The volume and weight of low outputting inductance and electric capacity.Traditional level topology of striding capacitance five needs to introduce 3 striding capacitances, makes electricity
The selection being pressed into increases, and the selection of on off state has larger motility, and same level is by selecting suitable switch shape
State, can make each capacitance voltage keep balance.The traditional level of striding capacitance five topology adopts sinusoidal pulse width modulation (Sinusoidal
Pulse Width Modulation, SPWM), all power tubes work in high frequency state, and switching loss is big, causes Power convert
It is less efficient, while DC side negative pole is higher to the leakage current of the earth.
The content of the invention
Embodiment of the present invention technical problem to be solved is, there is provided a kind of control method of five-level converter, can
Power supply conversion efficiency is improved, and reduces leakage current of the DC side negative pole to the earth.
In a first aspect, embodiments providing a kind of control method of five-level converter, five-level converter is adopted
With five level topology, including power frequency pipe and high-frequency tube, controller adopts DPWM control modes to each bridge arm of five-level converter,
And common-mode voltage is injected, wherein, the ratio between the operating frequency and mains frequency of power frequency pipe is located in preset range, high-frequency tube
Operating frequency and mains frequency between ratio be more than predetermined threshold value, the maximum that predetermined threshold value is included more than preset range
Value.
In the technical scheme, controller adopts DPWM control modes, it can be ensured that the high-frequency tube of each bridge arm is in target
Between maintained switch state is constant in section, reduce high-frequency tube switching loss, and then improve power supply conversion efficiency.In addition, controller is logical
Injection common-mode voltage is crossed, DC side negative pole voltage-to-ground can be reduced, and then reduce leakage current of the DC side negative pole to the earth.
Optionally, controller can also be adjusted to modulation ratio, to adjust voltage-to-ground.
Optionally, common-mode voltage can be pre-set constant value, or common-mode voltage can be the function of default piecewise function
Value.
Optionally, high-frequency tube maintained switch state in target time section is constant.
Second aspect, embodiments provides a kind of control method of five-level converter, and five-level converter is adopted
With five level topology, including power frequency pipe and high-frequency tube, controller adopts DPWM control modes to each bridge arm of five-level converter,
And common-mode voltage is injected, so that the second bridge arm exports zero level within the electrical network zero crossing corresponding time period, and the second bridge arm exists
Switch between pattern 4 and pattern 8, wherein, the ratio between the operating frequency and mains frequency of power frequency pipe is located in preset range,
Ratio between the operating frequency and mains frequency of high-frequency tube is more than predetermined threshold value, and predetermined threshold value is included more than preset range
Maximum.
In the technical scheme, controller adopts DPWM control modes, it can be ensured that the high-frequency tube of each bridge arm is in target
Between maintained switch state is constant in section, reduce high-frequency tube switching loss, and then improve power supply conversion efficiency.In addition, controller is logical
Injection common-mode voltage is crossed, makes the second bridge arm that zero level, and the second bridge arm are exported within the electrical network zero crossing corresponding time period in mould
Switch between formula 4 and pattern 8, heat can be made to be distributed on 8 power devices, relatively conventional heat is distributed in 4 power
On device, the embodiment of the present invention can improve the radiating of power device.In addition, controller adopts DPWM control modes, can reduce straight
Stream side negative pole voltage-to-ground, and then reduce leakage current of the DC side negative pole to the earth.
Optionally, controller injection common-mode voltage, is specifically as follows：Controller controls the power device of the second bridge arm in electricity
Injection preset signal in the net zero crossing corresponding time period, the operating frequency of preset signal is predeterminated frequency.
Optionally, controller injection common-mode voltage, is specifically as follows：The power frequency pipe injection that controller controls the second bridge arm is pre-
Confidence number, the operating frequency of preset signal is predeterminated frequency, so that the power device of the second bridge arm carries out action, and the second bridge arm
Output level remain zero level.
Optionally, controller injection common-mode voltage, is specifically as follows：The power frequency pipe injection that controller controls the second bridge arm is pre-
Confidence number, the operating frequency of preset signal is predeterminated frequency, with the loss of equal power break-over of device.
Description of the drawings
For the technical scheme in being illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or background technology, below will be to present invention enforcement
Example or the accompanying drawing to be used needed for background technology are illustrated.
Fig. 1 is a kind of topological structure schematic diagram of the level of striding capacitance five provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of schematic diagram of modulating wave of traditional employing SPWM modulation systems；
Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of DPWM modulation systems provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is a kind of schematic diagram of DPWM modulating waves that another embodiment of the present invention is provided.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is referred to, Fig. 1 is a kind of topological structure schematic diagram of the level of striding capacitance five provided in an embodiment of the present invention,
The level of striding capacitance five can include busbar voltage Udc, electric capacity C1～C6, device for power switching MOSA0H, MOSA1H,
MOSA1L, MOSA0L are referred to as A bridge arm power frequency pipes, and device for power switching MOSA2H, MOSA3H, MOSA3L, MOSA2L is referred to as A
Bridge arm high-frequency tube, device for power switching MOSB0H, MOSB1H, MOSB1L, MOSB0L is referred to as B bridge arm power frequency pipes, power switch
Device MOSB2H, MOSB3H, MOSB3L, MOSB2L are referred to as B bridge arm high-frequency tubes, wherein：
One end of one end of C1 positive pole respectively with Udc, the drain electrode of MOSA0H, the drain electrode of MOSB0H and C5 is connected, C1
The other end be connected with one end of C2 and electric capacity midpoint MID respectively.
One end of the other end of C2 negative pole respectively with Udc, the source electrode of MOSA0L, the source electrode of MOSB0L and C6 is connected.
The grid of MOSA0H, the grid of MOSA1H, the grid of MOSA2H, the grid of MOSA3H, the grid of MOSA0L,
The grid of MOSA1L, the grid of MOSA2L, the grid of MOSA3L, the grid of MOSB0H, the grid of MOSB1H, the grid of MOSB2H
The grid of pole, the grid of MOSB3H, the grid of MOSB0L, the grid of MOSB1L, the grid of MOSB2L and MOSB3L is used for defeated
Enter the drive signal of correspondence power tube.
The source electrode of MOSA0H is connected respectively with the drain electrode of MOSA1H and the drain electrode of MOSA2H.
The source electrode of MOSA1H is connected respectively with the drain electrode of MOSA1L and electric capacity midpoint MID.
The drain electrode respectively with MOSA0L of the source electrode of MOSA1L, the source electrode of MOSA2L are connected.
The source electrode of MOSA2H is connected respectively with the drain electrode of MOSA3H and one end of C3.
The other end of C3 is connected respectively with the source electrode of MOSA3L and the drain electrode of MOSA2L.
The source electrode of MOSA3H is connected respectively with the drain electrode of MOSA3L and one end of inductance L1, the other end and the electrical network of L1
L points in one end connect, and the other end N points of electrical network are connected with one end of inductance L2, the other end of L2 respectively with the source electrode of MOSB3H and
The drain electrode connection of MOSB3L.
The drain electrode of MOSB3H is connected respectively with the source electrode of MOSB2H and one end of C4.
The drain electrode of MOSB2H is connected respectively with the source electrode of MOSB0H and the drain electrode of MOSB1H.
The drain electrode respectively with MOSB1L of the source electrode of MOSB1H, the other end of C5, the other end of C6 and electric capacity midpoint MID connect
Connect.
The drain electrode of MOSB0L is connected respectively with the source electrode of MOSB1L and the source electrode of MOSB2L.
The drain electrode of MOSB2L is connected respectively with the source electrode of MOSB3L and the other end of C4.
Exemplary, single bridge arm power tube on off state can be as shown in Table 1：
Table one
For single-phase inversion, can there are two outputs bridge arm (such as A bridge arms and B bridge arms), A bridge arms and B bridges
Arm can be connected to the grid L, N line by wave filter.When line voltage is Ug, can be with bus capacitor midpoint as reference point, A bridges
Arm output voltage is Ua, and B bridge arms output voltage is Ub, respectively Ua, Ub is decomposed into into differential-mode component Udiff and common mode component
Ucom, obtains
Ua=Udiff+Ucom
Ub=-Udiff+Ucom
Ignore line drop during grid-connected, obtain
Ua-Ub=Ug
I.e.：(Udiff+Ucom)-(- Udiff+Ucom)=Ug
Can obtain：Udiff=Ug*0.5
As Ucom=0, as shown in Fig. 2 for traditional SPWM modulator approaches：
Ua=Ug*0.5
Ub=-Ug*0.5
Exemplary, the first bridge arm can be the A bridge arms in Fig. 1, and the second bridge arm can be the B bridge arms in Fig. 1；A bridge arms
Modulating wave can be as shown in the Ua in Fig. 2, the modulating wave of B bridge arms can be as shown in the Ub in Fig. 2, and A bridge arm output voltages can
So that as shown in the Uinva in Fig. 2, B bridge arms output voltage can be as shown in the Uinvb in Fig. 2, in inverter output voltage such as Fig. 2
Uinv shown in, wherein Uinva voltages be in Fig. 1 A points to MID point voltages, Uinvb voltages be in Fig. 1 B points to MID point voltages,
Uinv voltages are A points in Fig. 1 to B voltages.
MOSA0H in Fig. 1, MOSA1H, MOSA1L, MOSA0L for A bridge arms power frequency pipe, the operating frequency of above-mentioned power frequency pipe
For 2 times of line voltage frequency；MOSA2H, MOSA3H, MOSA3L, MOSA2L for A bridge arms high-frequency tube, the work of above-mentioned high-frequency tube
Working frequency is more than 10 times of the operating frequency of power frequency pipe；Uinva and Uinvb can see in Fig. 2, and high-frequency tube is all the time in height
Frequency state, switching loss is big.
Work as Ucom！When=0, as shown in figure 3, for the DPWM modulator approaches of the embodiment of the present invention, by selecting different being total to
Mode voltage Ucom, can obtain different optimization directions, and the common-mode voltage method for implanting of the embodiment of the present invention can be expressed as follows
(double bus of Udiff modulating waves is carried out into perunit during the derivation of equation)：
Ug (θ)=sin (θ) * 2
Udiff (θ)=Ug (θ) * 0.5
Ua (θ)=Udiff (θ)+Ucom (θ)
Ub (θ)=- Udiff (θ)+Ucom (θ)
Exemplary, the first bridge arm can be the A bridge arms in Fig. 1, and the second bridge arm can be the B bridge arms in Fig. 1；A bridge arms
Modulating wave can be as shown in the Ua in Fig. 3, the modulating wave of B bridge arms can be as shown in the Ub in Fig. 3, and A bridge arm output voltages can
So that as shown in the Uinva in Fig. 3, B bridge arms output voltage can be as shown in the Uinvb in Fig. 3, in inverter output voltage such as Fig. 3
Uinv shown in, wherein Uinva voltages can be A points in Fig. 1 to MID point voltages, and Uinvb voltages can be B points pair in Fig. 1
MID point voltages, Uinv voltages can be A points in Fig. 1 to B voltages.
MOSA0H in Fig. 1, MOSA1H, MOSA1L, MOSA0L for A bridge arms power frequency pipe, the operating frequency of above-mentioned power frequency pipe
Ratio between mains frequency is located in preset range, and wherein preset range can be numerical intervals set in advance, for example
[1,3], i.e., the work power frequency of above-mentioned power frequency pipe can be 1～3 times of line voltage frequency, exemplary, above-mentioned power frequency pipe
Work power frequency can be 2 times of line voltage frequency；MOSA2H, MOSA3H, MOSA3L, MOSA2L are the high-frequency tube of A bridge arms, on
The ratio stated between the operating frequency of high-frequency tube and mains frequency can be more than predetermined threshold value, and wherein predetermined threshold value can be advance
The numerical value of setting, predetermined threshold value can be more than the maximum that preset range is included, the maximum that such as preset range is included
For 3, predetermined threshold value can be 10,12 etc., exemplary, and the operating frequency of above-mentioned high-frequency tube can be line voltage frequency
More than 10 times.Uinva and Uinvb can see in Fig. 3, and high-frequency tube is not in all the time high frequency state, in part-time, power
The on off state of pipe is to maintain constant, relatively conventional SPWM methods, and the embodiment of the present invention can reduce the on off state of power tube
Switching frequency, lifts power supply conversion efficiency.It should be noted that the on off state of power tube keeps constant in the embodiment of the present invention
Time period depend on the size of common-mode voltage, controller can be by adjusting the size of common-mode voltage changing opening for power tube
Off status is kept for the constant time.
In addition, the larger photovoltaic system of photovoltaic system, particularly Capacity Ratio, in dew weight due to component tiling area greatly
Early morning or the rainy day after, inverter can close internal relay in process of self-test, big in this process component Ground leakage current
When the action current of earth leakage protective device, earth leakage protective device can be escaped, and affect normal work.For a known photovoltaic system
System, direct-to-ground capacitance is certain, by reducing voltage-to-ground, can effectively reduce Ground leakage current, is solved the above problems
Voltage-to-ground is equivalent to BUS- to N voltages, and formula is as follows：
Upe=Ucom (θ)-Ug (θ) * 0.5 0<Ucom(θ)<Ug(θ)*0.5
It can be seen from above-mentioned expression formula, common-mode voltage injection is bigger, and voltage-to-ground (absolute value) is less, and Ground leakage current is got over
It is little.
Specifically, by being set as same modulation ratio, the fft analysis result of voltage-to-ground can be as shown in Table 2：
Table two
| Modulation | Modulation ratio | 50Hz components (volt) | 150Hz components (volt) |
| DPWM | 1 | 124 | 44 |
| DPWM | 0.9 | 105 | 43 |
| DPWM | 0.8 | 82 | 40 |
| DPWM | 0.7 | 55 | 33 |
| DPWM | 0.6 | 26 | 19 |
| DPWM | 0.5 | 11 | 1 |
| SPWM | 0.8 | 159 |
By table two as can be seen that adopting SPWM modulation systems, when modulation ratio is 0.8,50Hz components are 159v.And work as and adopt
DPWM modulation systems are used, when modulation ratio is 0.8,50Hz components are 82v.That is DC side negative pole is over the ground when using DPWM
Voltage 50Hz components reduce half with respect to SPWM, can significantly reduce Ground leakage current.
In Fig. 4, before injection common-mode voltage, the modulating wave Ub of B bridge arms remains 0 in electrical network near zero-crossing point, accordingly
Uinvb remains mode 8, and output level is zero level；MOSB0L, MOSB1H, MOSB2H, MOSB3H keep opening state,
MOSB0H, MOSB1L, MOSB2L, MOSB3L are held off, and conduction loss all concentrates on front 4 power devices, heat
Skewness.The embodiment of the present invention during zero level, by control B bridge arms between mode 4 and mode 8 with 1kHz or so
Switching frequency switching, as shown in Table 1, because mode 4 and the output level of mode 8 are zero level, B bridge arms work in mode 4
Output level is had no effect on mode 8, after injection 1kHz signals, the conduction loss of B bridge arms is undertaken by 8 power devices, is compared
Conduction loss is undertaken by 4 power devices before injection common-mode voltage, and the embodiment of the present invention can improve the radiating of power device, have
Beneficial to the temperature rise for reducing power device, the reliability of power device is improved.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of control method of five-level converter, the five-level converter is become using five level topology, five level
Each bridge arm of parallel operation includes power frequency pipe and high-frequency tube, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Controller adopts digital pulse width modulation DPWM control modes, and injects common-mode voltage, wherein, the work frequency of the power frequency pipe
Ratio between rate and mains frequency is located in preset range, between the operating frequency of the high-frequency tube and the mains frequency
Ratio is more than predetermined threshold value, and the predetermined threshold value is more than the maximum that the preset range is included.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described also includes：
The controller is adjusted to modulation ratio, to adjust voltage-to-ground.
3. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the common-mode voltage is pre-set constant value, or the common mode
Voltage is the functional value of default piecewise function.
4. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that maintained switch state is not in target time section for the high-frequency tube
Become.
5. a kind of control method of five-level converter, the five-level converter is become using five level topology, five level
Each bridge arm of parallel operation includes power frequency pipe and high-frequency tube, it is characterised in that methods described includes：
Controller adopts digital pulse width modulation DPWM control modes, and injects common-mode voltage, so that the second bridge arm is in electrical network zero passage
Point exports zero level in the corresponding time period, and second bridge arm switches between pattern 4 and pattern 8, wherein, the power frequency
Ratio between the operating frequency and mains frequency of pipe is located in preset range, the operating frequency of the high-frequency tube and the electrical network
Ratio between frequency is more than predetermined threshold value, and the predetermined threshold value is more than the maximum that the preset range is included.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the injection common-mode voltage, including：
The controller controls the power device of second bridge arm and injects pre- confidence within the electrical network zero crossing corresponding time period
Number, the operating frequency of the preset signal is predeterminated frequency.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the injection common-mode voltage, including：
The controller controls the power frequency pipe injection preset signal of second bridge arm, and the operating frequency of the preset signal is pre-
If frequency so that the power device of second bridge arm carries out action, and the output level of second bridge arm to remain zero electric
It is flat.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that the injection common-mode voltage, including：
The controller controls the power frequency pipe injection preset signal of second bridge arm, and the operating frequency of the preset signal is pre-
If frequency, with the loss of equal power break-over of device.
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| CN109104098A (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2018-12-28 | 华为技术有限公司 | Current transformer and its driving method |
| US11146181B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2021-10-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Control method and apparatus for common-mode modulated wave of single-phase five-level inverter |
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| CN109104098B (en) * | 2017-06-21 | 2020-02-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Converter and driving method thereof |
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| US11146181B2 (en) | 2017-12-26 | 2021-10-12 | Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. | Control method and apparatus for common-mode modulated wave of single-phase five-level inverter |
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| CN106655848B (en) | 2021-06-01 |
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