CN106654535A - Ground measurement and control antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle - Google Patents
Ground measurement and control antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106654535A CN106654535A CN201611155220.7A CN201611155220A CN106654535A CN 106654535 A CN106654535 A CN 106654535A CN 201611155220 A CN201611155220 A CN 201611155220A CN 106654535 A CN106654535 A CN 106654535A
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- Prior art keywords
- antenna
- micro
- strip
- oscillator
- unmanned aerial
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
- H01Q1/38—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith formed by a conductive layer on an insulating support
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/52—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure
- H01Q1/521—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas
- H01Q1/523—Means for reducing coupling between antennas; Means for reducing coupling between an antenna and another structure reducing the coupling between adjacent antennas between antennas of an array
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
- H01Q15/242—Polarisation converters
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/29—Combinations of different interacting antenna units for giving a desired directional characteristic
Landscapes
- Variable-Direction Aerials And Aerial Arrays (AREA)
- Details Of Aerials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a ground measurement and control antenna of an unmanned aerial vehicle. The ground measurement and control antenna comprises a crossed dipole antenna and a micro-strip dipole antenna, wherein the crossed dipole antenna is positioned on the top of the micro-strip dipole antenna; the micro-strip dipole antenna comprises a plurality of cascaded micro-strip dipole antenna units, each micro-strip dipole antenna unit comprises two micro-strip dipoles respectively, the two micro-strip dipoles are connected in an isolated manner through metal, each micro-strip dipole comprises a dielectric substrate and a metal choking sleeve, four radiation arms are printed on each dielectric substrate, a micro-strip feeder line is arranged at the back of each radiation arm, and each metal choking sleeve is fixed between the corresponding radiation arms through bolts. The ground measurement and control antenna realizes all-region beam coverage without dead angle in air, and is applicable to all-dimensional real-time measurement and control for the unmanned aerial vehicles. Meanwhile, the antenna gives consideration to manufacturing cost, structural technology and physical life, and the antenna has a relatively wide application prospect in the measurement and control field of the unmanned aerial vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of TT＆C antenna, particularly a kind of horizontal omnidirectional adds the unmanned aerial vehicle of top circular polarization radiation
Comprehensive TT＆C antenna.
Background technology
Unmanned air vehicle technique quickly grows in recent years, along with the development of unmanned plane, UAV TT ＆ C's antenna is proposed more
Carry out higher requirement.
, there is narrow bandwidth, the low problem of gain in traditional multiplex common Harmonic Oscillators of omnidirectional's UAV TT ＆ C's antenna.And
Traditional horizontal omnidirectional antenna, because the radiation characteristic of antenna is limited, can only cover the subregion in overhead.Directly over antenna
Region is the radiation zero of antenna, and radiant intensity is very low, and unmanned plane leaps the situation that communication disruption easily occurs in space-time on antenna.
It is badly in need of a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna of signal stabilization at present.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna, including decussation shakes
Sub-antenna and micro-strip oscillator antenna, wherein crossed dipole antenna are located at the top of micro-strip oscillator antenna, the micro-strip oscillator
The micro-strip oscillator antenna element of antenna including some cascades, each micro-strip oscillator antenna element includes two micro-strip oscillators, two
Individual micro-strip oscillator is isolator connected by metal, and each micro-strip oscillator includes medium substrate and metal chokes sleeve, is given an account of
Four radiation arms are printed on matter substrate, radiation arm arranges behind microstrip feed line, and metal chokes sleeve is fixed on radiation by screw
The centre of arm；
The crossed dipole antenna includes cross-shaped oscillator, conical reflecting surface and cross column, arranges on conical reflecting surface
Cross column, the top of cross column arranges cross-shaped oscillator, and the position of the cross column that is connected on conical reflecting surface is provided with for the logical of feeder line
Hole.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：1) antenna of the invention, with impedance bandwidth width, level
Directive gain is high, the wave beam all standing of antenna overhead, while present configuration is stable, low manufacture cost；Suitable for the distant of unmanned plane
Communication is surveyed, is had broad application prospects；2) the crossed dipole antenna in inventive antenna, by the anti-of taper launch plate
Penetrate, its antenna pattern points to positive overhead, cover the radiation zero of the micro-strip oscillator array 200 vertically placed；Simultaneously cross is handed over
Fork oscillator adopts two characteristics impedance of 90 ° of phase contrasts for the coaxial feeding of 100 Ω, realizes circular polarization radiation.For nothing
The man-machine situation that antenna overhead is leapt from all directions, the present invention can be effectively realized comprehensive real-time Communication for Power remote measurement.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall antennas structural perspective (not comprising antenna house) of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the antenna overall structure profile of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the micro-strip oscillator array antenna axonometric chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the front diagram of embodiment of the present invention micro-strip oscillator element antenna.
Fig. 5 is the back side diagram of embodiment of the present invention micro-strip oscillator element antenna.
Fig. 6 is the top cross-shaped oscillator antenna axonometric chart of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the power division network view of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is the s parametric plots of the micro-strip oscillator antenna of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is the H surface radiation directional diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 10 is the E surface radiation directional diagrams of the embodiment of the present invention.
Implication in figure representated by label is：
100th, top crossed dipole antenna；101st, cross-shaped oscillator；102nd, conical reflecting surface；103rd, cross column；104、
Through hole；200 micro-strip oscillator aerial arrays；210 micro-strip oscillator antenna elements；211 micro-strip oscillator antennas；212、213、214、215
Element antenna radiation arm；216 metal chokes sleeves；217 metals are isolator；220 micro-strip oscillator world feeding networks；221 metals
Via；230 polyethylene adapters；300 integral feed networks；301st, 302 Wilkinson power divider；311、312、313、314、
315th, 316 feeding network port.401 first antenna covers, 402 second antenna houses.
Specific embodiment
With reference to accompanying drawing, a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna of the present invention, including crossed dipole antenna 100 and micro-strip
Element antenna 211, wherein crossed dipole antenna 100 are located at the top of micro-strip oscillator antenna 211, the micro-strip oscillator antenna
The 211 micro-strip oscillator antenna elements 210 for including some cascades, each micro-strip oscillator antenna element 210 shakes including two micro-strips
Son, two micro-strip oscillators isolator 217 are connected by metal, and each micro-strip oscillator includes medium substrate and metal chokes sleeve
216, four radiation arms are printed on the medium substrate, radiation arm arranges behind microstrip feed line 220, and metal chokes sleeve 216 leads to
Cross the centre that screw is fixed on radiation arm；
The crossed dipole antenna 100 includes cross-shaped oscillator 101, conical reflecting surface 102 and cross column 103, taper
Cross column 103 is set on reflecting surface 102, and the top of cross column 103 arranges cross-shaped oscillator 101, connected ten on conical reflecting surface 102
The position of word post 103 is provided with the through hole 104 for feeder line.
The outside of the crossed dipole antenna 100 arranges first antenna cover 401, and the outside of micro-strip oscillator antenna 211 is arranged
Second antenna house 402.
The quantity of the micro-strip oscillator antenna element 210 is three.
The end of the micro-strip oscillator antenna 211 arranges the feeding network of constant amplitude feed, including two Wilkinson work(point
Device and 1/4 wavelength impedance transformers, totally five feed ports, the input impedance of five feed ports is 50 ohm,
Wherein three feed ports and corresponding micro-strip oscillator antenna element 210 are connected, two other port and crossed dipole day
The corresponding port of line 100 connects；1/4 wavelength impedance transformers are located in one of at the feed port of Wilkinson power divider.
It is connected by polyethylene adapter 230 between the two neighboring micro-strip oscillator antenna element 210.
Antenna is fixed on ground by the bottom of second antenna house 402 using metab.
100 two pairs of distributing points of the crossed dipole antenna are identical using amplitude, and phase contrast is 90 ° of feeder line feed.
The top of second antenna house and the bottom of first antenna cover are provided with through hole, for through the feedback of cross-shaped oscillator
Line.
The feed of the micro-strip oscillator antenna and crossed dipole antenna adopt coaxial feeding, coaxial line it is another
End connection feeding network outfan.
The dielectric substrate thickness of the antenna element is 1.524mm, and material dielectric constant is 3.3, loss angle tangent
0.0012；Cross-shaped oscillator lower section is taper reflecting plate, and 128 ° of cone angle, cross-shaped oscillator is 82mm with a distance from taper reflecting plate.
Specifically, the present invention contains the micro-strip oscillator aerial array of vertical placement, the band reflection that upper horizontal is placed
The crossed dipole in face, and antenna feeding network.The aerial array vertically placed contain six (it is optional, it is individual several
Depending on gain requirements) wide-band printing element antenna.The aerial array vertically placed, comprising 3 antenna elements, each unit by
Two element antennas are constituted.Each antenna element includes two element antennas, and the two element antennas are by one-to-two
Power splitter feeds, and the input impedance of power splitter input is 50 Ω.
Element antenna realizes respectively there is an oscillator on the both sides on ground using printing vibrator, and two oscillators are equivalent to one slightly
Oscillator, realizes wider bandwidth.Each element antenna includes a chokes metal sleeve.The substrate thickness of the antenna element is
1.524mm, material dielectric constant is 3.3, tangent loss angle 0.0012.Element antenna is applied on one side of dielectric-slab, and another side is
Feed circuit, feed circuit end is fed by metallic vias to oscillator arms.By polyethylene connection and position between antenna element
Put fixation.Polyethylene is hollow shape, with the coaxial line for being passed through feeding.
The feed of decussation reflection oscillator is fed using quadrature in phase, realizes circular polarization radiation.Cross-shaped oscillator lower section is
Taper reflecting plate, 128 ° of cone angle, the vertex of a cone processing through hole of taper reflecting plate.Cross-shaped oscillator is with a distance from taper reflecting plate
82mm.Feeding network is placed in antenna bottom, is six-port network, mainly includes two Wilkinson power dividers and 1/4 ripple
Long impedance transformer.Port 1 is input, and three oscillator unit feeds are given respectively in port 2,3,4, and port 5,6 meets the ten of top
Word oscillator.
Further detailed description is done to the present invention with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment
The core of the present invention is, by the vertical micro-strip oscillator aerial array placed, to realize the higher increasing of horizontal omnidirectional
Benefit, while micro-strip oscillator realizes equivalent broadband oscillator using left side radiation arm 1 and the right radiation arm 2, realizes wider resistance
Anti- bandwidth.The crossed dipole at top, realizes that the zero point to vertically placing element antenna array is covered.Finally realize unmanned plane
The comprehensive remote measurement of communication.
With reference to Fig. 1, the micro-strip oscillator array of the crossed dipole 100 at UAV TT ＆ C's antenna, including top and centre
200, and the feeding network 300 of lower section.With reference to Fig. 2, the antenna is also comprising the He of first antenna cover 401 for protecting and supporting
Second antenna house 402.
The crossed dipole antenna 100, such as Fig. 6, comprising a pair of cross oscillator 101 and a conical reflecting surface 102,
And the cross column 103 of support cross-shaped oscillator.Circular hole 104 is equipped with the vertex of a cone of conical reflecting surface 102.
The micro-strip oscillator array 200, is vertically placed by three micro-strip oscillator units 210 and is constituted, a micro-strip oscillator list
Unit 210 includes two micro-strip oscillator antennas 211.It is ground, radiation arm 212,213 and in the middle of the medium of micro-strip oscillator antenna 211
214th, 215 the both sides on ground are respectively placed in.Radiation arm 212 and 214 is equivalent to a wide oscillator, and radiation arm 213 and 215 is equivalent to separately
One wide oscillator.A metal chokes sleeve 216 is placed in the middle of two equivalent wide oscillators.Two micro-strip oscillator antennas 211
There is metal ground 217 centre, its role is to weaken the E faces coupling between adjacent micro-strip oscillator antenna.
The feeding network 220 of the micro-strip oscillator unit 210 is placed in the another side of dielectric-slab, with reference to Fig. 5.Feeding network and
The access point of antenna realizes connection using via 221.The access point of feeding network, input impedance is 50 Ω.
In the middle of two micro-strip oscillator units 210, connect and fix using polyethylene adapter 230, polyethylene adapter
There is hole centre, with the coaxial line for being passed through feeding.Simultaneously screwed hole is beaten on polyethylene adapter both sides, to fixed antenna in antenna
Position in cover.
Such as Fig. 7, key component is 2 Wilkinson power dividers 301,302 to the feeding network 300, and two T
Shape power splitter 303,304.Port 1 (311) is input port, port 2 (312), 3 (313), 4 (314), 5 (315), 6 (316),
For output port, its middle port 2,3,4 is respectively that 50 Ω coaxial lines connect three micro-strip oscillator units, its port with characteristic impedance
Impedance is 50 Ω.Port 5,6 respectively by the crossed dipole connection on two coaxial lines that phase contrast is 90 ° and top, together
The characteristic impedance and cross-shaped oscillator port Impedance of axis is 100 Ω.
The center of antenna frequency of the embodiment of the present invention is 1090MHz, further, can adjust invention according to system needs
Each size realize different mid frequencyes.
The oscillator arm lengths of crossed dipole 100 are 68mm (λ0/ 4), λ0Centered on ripple in the corresponding air of frequency
It is long.Crossed dipole is λ with a distance from the conical reflecting surface vertex of a cone0/ 4, conical reflecting surface bores low a diameter of 0.6 λ0～0.8 λ0。
The height of conical reflecting surface is 0.2 λ0～0.3 λ0。
The radiation arm lengths of micro-strip oscillator unit are 60mm (0.22 λ0), the length of chokes sleeve is 0.16 λ0～0.18 λ0,
Sleeve diameter is 0.15 λ0～0.16 λ0, a width of 38.2mm of dielectric-slab, the width of radiation arm is 6mm.
The adjacent spacing of micro-strip oscillator antenna 211 is 0.65 λ0-0.75λ0。
Two radiation arms of the present invention are equivalent to a wide radiation arm, it is possible to achieve the wider bandwidth of element antenna.My god
Irdome is screwed polyethylene adapter, and protection is supported to antenna.The higher radome material of optional intensity, it is real
The good mechanical properties of existing integrated antenna.The present invention UAV Communication omnidirectional antenna, antenna beam cover horizontal omnidirectional and
Antenna it is upper in midair, it is possible to achieve the comprehensive accessible communication to unmanned plane, while the broader bandwidth of antenna.Vertically place
Micro-strip oscillator antenna element, can be according to the number of horizontal gain increase in demand antenna element.The present invention can change according to demand
The mid frequency of antenna.Antenna form is practically applicable to uhf band (300MHz-3000MHz).
To sum up, inventive antenna, with impedance bandwidth width, horizontal direction high gain, the wave beam all standing of antenna overhead.Simultaneously
Present configuration is stablized, low manufacture cost.It is practically applicable to the telemetry communication of unmanned plane, has broad application prospects.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna, it is characterised in that including crossed dipole antenna (100) and micro-strip oscillator day
Line (211), wherein crossed dipole antenna (100) are positioned at the top of micro-strip oscillator antenna (211), the micro-strip oscillator antenna
(211) including the micro-strip oscillator antenna element (210) of some cascades, each micro-strip oscillator antenna element (210) includes two
Micro-strip oscillator, by metal, isolator (217) are connected two micro-strip oscillators, and each micro-strip oscillator includes medium substrate and metal
Chokes sleeve (216), prints four radiation arms on the medium substrate, radiation arm arranges behind microstrip feed line (220), and metal is gripped
Stream sleeve (216) is fixed on the centre of radiation arm by screw；
The crossed dipole antenna (100) includes cross-shaped oscillator (101), conical reflecting surface (102) and cross column (103),
Cross column (103) is set on conical reflecting surface (102), and the top of cross column (103) arranges cross-shaped oscillator (101), taper reflection
The position of connected cross column (103) is provided with the through hole (104) for feeder line on face (102).
2. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the crossed dipole antenna
(100) outside setting arrange outside first antenna cover (401), micro-strip oscillator antenna (211) the second antenna house (402).
3. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that micro-strip oscillator antenna element (210)
Quantity be three.
4. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the end of micro-strip oscillator antenna (211)
The feeding network of end setting constant amplitude feed, including two Wilkinson power dividers and 1/4 wavelength impedance transformers, totally five
Feed port, the input impedance of five feed ports is 50 ohm, wherein three feed ports and corresponding micro-strip oscillator
Antenna element (210) is connected, the port connection corresponding with crossed dipole antenna (100) of two other port；1/4 wavelength hinders
Resistance parallel operation is located in one of at the feed port of Wilkinson power divider.
5. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that two neighboring micro-strip oscillator antenna list
It is connected by polyethylene adapter (230) between first (210).
6. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the bottom of the second antenna house (402)
Antenna is fixed on by ground using metab.
7. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that crossed dipole antenna (100)
Two pairs of distributing points are identical using amplitude, and phase contrast is 90 ° of feeder line feed.
8. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the top of the second antenna house and first
The bottom of antenna house is provided with through hole, for through the feeder line of cross-shaped oscillator.
9. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that micro-strip oscillator antenna and decussation
The feed of element antenna adopts coaxial feeding, the other end connection feeding network outfan of coaxial line.
10. unmanned aerial vehicle TT＆C antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the medium base of the antenna element
Plate thickness is 1.524mm, and material dielectric constant is 3.3, loss angle tangent 0.0012；Cross-shaped oscillator lower section is taper reflecting plate,
128 ° of cone angle, cross-shaped oscillator is 82mm with a distance from taper reflecting plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611155220.7A CN106654535A (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-14 | Ground measurement and control antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611155220.7A CN106654535A (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-14 | Ground measurement and control antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106654535A true CN106654535A (en) | 2017-05-10 |
Family
ID=58822115
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611155220.7A Pending CN106654535A (en) | 2016-12-14 | 2016-12-14 | Ground measurement and control antenna of unmanned aerial vehicle |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107658553A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-02-02 | 深圳市维力谷无线技术股份有限公司 | One kind is applied to uhf band Internet of Things antenna |
| CN107768793A (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2018-03-06 | 广东通宇通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of big L/D ratio omnidirectional antenna |
| CN108598688A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-09-28 | 深圳市道通智能航空技术有限公司 | Unmanned plane built-in aerial and unmanned plane |
| CN112397875A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-23 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Low interference unit of base station antenna |
| CN113851835A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-28 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Horizontal omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107658553A (en) * | 2017-08-16 | 2018-02-02 | 深圳市维力谷无线技术股份有限公司 | One kind is applied to uhf band Internet of Things antenna |
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| CN112397875A (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2021-02-23 | 广东盛路通信科技股份有限公司 | Low interference unit of base station antenna |
| CN113851835A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2021-12-28 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Horizontal omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna |
| CN113851835B (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 陕西海积信息科技有限公司 | Horizontal omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna |
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Application publication date: 20170510 |
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| RJ01 | Rejection of invention patent application after publication |