CN106650124B - Finite element result-based surface lightening method for continuum - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a surface light-weighting method of a continuum based on finite element results, and belongs to the technical field of structure optimization. The invention comprises the following steps: carrying out grid division on a demand surface, and applying a demand boundary condition for mechanical calculation; dividing blocks of the design area according to the surface shape, and establishing a corresponding relation between the blocks and the finite element calculation unit; and according to the finite element calculation result in the block, counting the unit result distribution in the block, and establishing the porous surface consisting of crystal lattices with different sizes. The method drives the distribution of the structure grid density by using the finite element simulation result, and divides and reconstructs the curved surface type basic data, emphasizes the visual feedback of the finite element result, and controls the random lattice density to be associated with the finite element result, thereby avoiding large-scale iterative trial calculation in the topology optimization process, accelerating the shape generation of the structure, simplifying the lightweight generation process of the surface type structure, and being very suitable for material increase manufacturing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structure optimization method of a product, in particular to a surface lightweight method of a continuum based on a finite element result, which simplifies the lightweight generation process of a surface structure and is very suitable for additive manufacturing.
Background
The application of incremental manufacturing techniques began in the 80's of the 20 th century and covered the fields of product development, data visualization, rapid prototyping, and special product manufacturing. The use of incremental manufacturing technology in the production field (batch, mass and distributed) was further developed in the 90 s. The early 21 st century incremental production also reached an unprecedented scale in the metal working area of industrial production for the first time. In the beginning of the 21 st century, the sales volume of related instruments for incremental manufacturing is greatly increased, and the price is greatly reduced. The consulting company Wohlers Associates call that 3D printers and 3D printing services have a global value of 22 billion dollars in 2012, which is 29% more than 2011. Incremental manufacturing technology also derives many application services, including the fields of construction, engineering (AEC), industrial design, automotive, aerospace, military, engineering, oral and medical industry, biotechnology (human organ transplantation), fashion, footwear, jewelry, glasses, educational affairs, geographic information systems, diet, and the like.
With the increasing demand for customized 3D printing, more creative, high-performance, lightweight structural materials are needed. Various industries adopt a topology optimization technology to construct a lightweight innovative design with efficient structure. This technique is particularly suitable for use in conjunction with 3D printing because topological optimization enables the fabrication of free-form organic structures that are often difficult or even impossible to achieve with conventional fabrication methods. Thus, the efficiency of optimizing the design concept may also fail due to limitations of a particular production flow. 3D printing provides unprecedented morphological fabrication freedom, combined with topology optimization techniques, and allows designs to exhibit greater creativity while maintaining structural integrity and performance attributes.
The topology optimization technology is applied to a physical model for determining mechanical conditions, so that a more efficient structural model can be created, but in the forming process, parameters are more, the selection of boundary conditions is relatively complex, the topology calculation process is relatively long, and the requirement on the operation skill of a designer is higher; some mechanical boundaries are relatively undefined, and the lightweight modeling cannot be performed under the condition of complex working conditions, so that the modeling cost is increased, and the design time is prolonged.
The gridding technology is widely applied to medical 3D printing materials, the porosity is important as a functional requirement for biomedical implants, and flat plate-like structural members still lack a mature rapid shaping strategy, so that a surface lightweight method based on finite element results is provided on the basis of topological optimization research in order to realize rapid design and manufacture of the structure lightweight and guarantee excellent mechanical properties, and the material consumption is greatly reduced on the premise of guaranteeing that the structure has higher structural strength and rigidity, and meanwhile, the structure has an attractive structured surface.
Because the traditional topological optimization is single in result, typical mechanical streamline and characteristics are displayed, the requirements of industry and engineering can be met under most conditions, but for products which are similar to medical protectors and the like, are low in stress and high in rigidity requirements and have aesthetic requirements, the traditional topological optimization technology is difficult to obtain a good optimization result.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to provide a continuum surface lightweight method based on finite element results, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, the finite element simulation results are utilized to drive the distribution of the structural grid density, the curved surface basic data are divided and reconstructed, the method focuses on the visual feedback of the finite element results, and the random lattice density is controlled to be associated with the finite element results, so that the large-scale iterative trial calculation in the topology optimization process is avoided, the structural shaping is accelerated, the lightweight generation process of the surface structure is simplified, and the method is very suitable for additive manufacturing.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the invention relates to a method for lightening the surface of a continuum based on a finite element result, which comprises the following steps:
(1) finite element meshing and domain division: carrying out finite element meshing on the surface of the continuum, and applying boundary conditions to carry out mechanical finite element calculation; dividing blocks of the design area according to the surface shape of the continuum, and establishing a corresponding relation between the blocks and the finite element grids;
(2) random dot arrangement: setting random points with different densities in different blocks according to the distribution of the finite element calculation result;
(3) random point structuring: according to the distribution of random points, carrying out surface structuring by adopting a structuring algorithm to obtain a planar grid;
(4) materialization: offset thickening is carried out on the plane grid to form a printable entity grid, and meanwhile, the existing grid is subdivided and entity fairing is carried out;
(5) and (3) strength verification: and (4) carrying out finite element meshing on the materialized continuum again, carrying out finite element strength analysis, starting from the step (4) again if the strength cannot be met, thickening and thickening the materialized continuum, and finally obtaining the model meeting the design requirement.
Preferably, in step (1), the blocks may be uniformly sized blocks or blocks with different sizes, and the size of the blocks is defined by the following principle: and calculating the result index variance according to the grids in the block as a basis.
Further preferably, the size of each block is defined by the following specific method: carrying out finite element meshing on the surface of the continuum, and carrying out polygonal block division, wherein the maximum stress of a computing unit in a block is sigmamaxMean stress value E (P), variance D (P) in each block, D (P) is such that D (P) ≦ D (P)]+ Δ, Δ is the allowed offset, and if a block does not satisfy the requirement of the above equation, the block is reduced in size and then rearranged.
Preferably, in step (2), random points are arranged on the following principle:
(2-1) disturbing uniform random points according to finite element calculation result values to form a clustering random lattice;
and (2-2) uniformly arranging random points in a corresponding number according to the size of the finite element calculation result in the design block.
Preferably, in step (3), surface structuring is performed using Delaunay triangulation or Voronoi polygon principle.
Preferably, in step (4), the existing mesh is subdivided and entity fairing is performed using the Catmull-Clark algorithm.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:
(1) according to the continuum surface lightweight method based on the finite element result, the finite element simulation result is utilized to drive the distribution of the structure grid density, the curved surface type basic data are segmented and reconstructed, the method focuses on the visual feedback of the finite element result, and the random lattice density is controlled to be associated with the finite element result, so that large-scale iterative trial calculation in the topology optimization process is avoided, the structural shape is accelerated, the lightweight generation process of the surface type structure is simplified, and the method is very suitable for additive manufacturing;
(2) according to the surface light-weight method of the continuum based on the finite element result, the design process is simple and easy to control, and the light-weight structure result can be customized according to the preference of a user;
(3) according to the surface light-weight method of the continuum based on the finite element result, a structural part of the structure is still reserved in a region with small stress, so that the structure has higher redundancy to unpredictable stress working conditions;
(4) the invention provides a method for lightening the surface of a continuum based on a finite element result, which has the design result of combining firmness and bionic aesthetic property.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a design flow diagram of a method for surface lightening of a continuum based on finite element results according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a finite element block partitioning according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a random dot arrangement according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a random point structured planar grid according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of a continuum surface weight reduction model according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Examples
Referring to fig. 1, a method for reducing the weight of a surface of a continuum based on finite element results according to this embodiment includes the steps of:
(1) finite element meshing and domain division: carrying out finite element mesh division on the surface of the continuum, setting material property and surface thickness information on meshes, applying boundary conditions (load boundary conditions and constraint boundary conditions) to carry out mechanical finite element calculation, and obtaining a unit strain energy result (shown in figure 2); dividing blocks of the design area according to the surface shape of the continuum, and establishing a corresponding relation between the blocks and the finite element grids; in this embodiment, the blocks may be blocks with a uniform size or blocks with different sizes, and the size of the blocks is defined by the following principle: based on the intra-block mesh calculation result with constant index variance, e.g. finite element meshing is performed on the surface of the continuum, polygonal block division is performed, and the maximum stress of the intra-block calculation unit is σmaxMean stress value E (P), variance D (P) in each block, D (P) is such that D (P) ≦ D (P)]+ Δ, Δ is the allowed offset, and if a block does not satisfy the requirement of the above equation, the block is reduced in size and then rearranged.
(2) Random dot arrangement: according to the distribution of the finite element calculation result, random points with different densities are arranged in different blocks (see fig. 3); the random dot placement can be based on the following principle:
(2-1) disturbing uniform random points according to finite element calculation result values to form a clustering random lattice;
and (2-2) uniformly arranging random points in a corresponding number according to the size of the finite element calculation result in the design block.
In the present embodiment, the blocks are simply divided into quadrilateral blocks (as shown in FIG. 3), the mean value of the blocks is calculated according to the strain energy density of the grid, and each design blockAll perform the same calculation to obtain the average strain energy density in the block
Calculating the random point number of each block according to the set standard random point number N of the single block,
arranging N in i regioniA number of random points.
(3) Random point structuring: according to the distribution of random points, carrying out surface structuring by adopting a structuring algorithm to obtain a plane grid (shown in figure 4); specifically, the surface structuring may be performed by using a Delaunay triangulation network or a Voronoi polygon principle, for example, the surface structuring may be performed by using Voronoi polygons in fig. 4.
(4) Materialization: shifting and thickening the plane grid to form a printable solid grid, subdividing the existing grid and smoothing the solid to finally obtain a solid closed grid body (as shown in fig. 5); specifically, the Catmull-Clark algorithm may be utilized to subdivide existing meshes and perform entity fairing.
(5) And (3) strength verification: and (4) carrying out finite element meshing on the materialized continuum again, introducing finite element software for finite element strength analysis, starting from the step (4) again if the strength cannot be met, thickening and thickening the materialized continuum to finally obtain a model meeting the design requirement, and carrying out 3D printing production in a deliverable way.
The invention relates to a finite element result-based continuum surface lightweight method, which comprises the steps of carrying out meshing on a required surface, and applying required boundary conditions to carry out mechanical calculation; dividing blocks of the design area according to the surface shape, and establishing a corresponding relation between the blocks and the finite element calculation unit; according to the finite element calculation result in the block, counting the unit result distribution in the block, and establishing a porous surface composed of crystal lattices with different sizes; a finite element optimization feedback strategy is established, and a lightweight structure is generated according to a variable density random hole rule. The method focuses on visual feedback of finite element results, and by controlling the random lattice density to be connected with the finite element results, large-scale iterative trial calculation in the topology optimization process is avoided, the shape generation of the structure is accelerated, the light weight generation process of the surface structure is simplified, and the method is very suitable for additive manufacturing; the process is simple and easy to control, and the light-weight structure result can be customized according to the preference of a user; meanwhile, the design result can have firmness and bionic attractiveness.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for reducing the weight of a surface of a continuum based on finite element results, comprising the steps of:
(1) finite element meshing and domain division: carrying out finite element meshing on the surface of the continuum, and applying boundary conditions to carry out mechanical finite element calculation; dividing blocks of the design area according to the surface shape of the continuum, and establishing a corresponding relation between the blocks and the finite element grids;
(2) random dot arrangement: setting random points with different densities in different blocks according to the distribution of the finite element calculation result;
(3) random point structuring: according to the distribution of random points, carrying out surface structuring by adopting a structuring algorithm to obtain a planar grid;
(4) materialization: offset thickening is carried out on the plane grid to form a printable entity grid, and meanwhile, the existing grid is subdivided and entity fairing is carried out;
(5) and (3) strength verification: and (4) carrying out finite element meshing on the materialized continuum again, carrying out finite element strength analysis, starting from the step (4) again if the strength cannot be met, thickening and thickening the materialized continuum to finally obtain a model meeting the design requirement, and delivering to carry out 3D printing production.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in step (1), the blocks may be blocks of uniform size or blocks of different sizes, and the size of the blocks is defined by the following principle: and calculating the result index variance according to the grids in the block as a basis.
3. The method of claim 2, wherein the method comprises: the specific method for defining the size of each block comprises the following steps: carrying out finite element meshing on the surface of the continuum, and carrying out polygonal block division, wherein the maximum stress of a computing unit in a block is sigmamaxMean stress value E (P), variance D (P) in each block, D (P) is such that D (P) ≦ D (P)]+ Δ, Δ is the allowed offset, and if a block does not satisfy the requirement of the above equation, the block is reduced in size and then rearranged.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in step (2), random points are arranged according to the following principle:
(2-1) disturbing uniform random points according to finite element calculation result values to form a clustering random lattice;
and (2-2) uniformly arranging random points in a corresponding number according to the size of the finite element calculation result in the design block.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in step (3), surface structuring is performed using the Delaunay triangulation network or Voronoi polygon principle.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the method comprises: in step (4), existing grids are subdivided by means of a Catmull-Clark algorithm and entity fairing is performed.
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| EP3503040B1 (en) * | 2017-12-24 | 2024-06-05 | Dassault Systèmes | Design of a 3d finite element mesh of a 3d part that comprises a lattice structure |
| CN108920796B (en) * | 2018-06-22 | 2020-06-02 | 大连理工大学 | Lattice structure construction method based on finite element grid and oriented to additive manufacturing |
| CN110083878A (en) * | 2019-04-01 | 2019-08-02 | 李斌 | A kind of preparation method and preparation facilities of personalization support construction |
| CN110750927A (en) * | 2019-10-08 | 2020-02-04 | 谢亿民工程科技（常州）有限公司 | Method and system for generating lightweight structure of surface of continuum based on finite element result |
| CN111125818A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-05-08 | 河南大学 | Novel cross node based on bionic substructure topology optimization and optimization method |
| CN112590219B (en) * | 2020-10-21 | 2022-05-03 | 大连理工大学 | 3D printing filling path generation method based on random points |
| CN112560125B (en) * | 2020-12-10 | 2023-03-24 | 上海联泰科技股份有限公司 | Generation method, generation system and preprocessing system of lattice structure model |
| CN113268840B (en) * | 2021-05-31 | 2022-06-14 | 湖南奥翔晟机电科技有限公司 | Topology optimization method and system of electronic wire harness |
| CN117173370B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-03-01 | 北京飞渡科技股份有限公司 | Method for maintaining object boundary in light weight process |
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Effective date of registration: 20190829 Address after: 213032 No. 1505-1508, Honghe Road 65, Xinqiao Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant after: Xie million people of Engineering Science and Technology (Changzhou) Co. Ltd. Address before: 213032 No. 1505-1508, Honghe Road 65, Xinqiao Town, Xinbei District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Applicant before: Xie million people of Engineering Science and Technology (Changzhou) Co. Ltd. Applicant before: Shanghai Blackfire Medical Technology Co Ltd |
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