CN106649956A - Pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction method based on axonometrical drawing - Google Patents
Pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction method based on axonometrical drawing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction method based on an axonometrical drawing. The method comprises the steps of firstly conducting diagram preprocessing on a pipeline axonometrical drawing, and maintaining the connectivity among pipe sections in an original pipeline; then extracting coordinate data of each pipe section in the preprocessed pipeline axonometrical drawing; once again, conducting coordinate transformation on the extracted data according to a projection rule of an isometric drawing and a diagram data storage format of AutoCAD, that is, transforming two-dimensional geometric data in the axonometrical drawing into three-dimensional geometric data, and judging the connectivity among the pipeline sections; finally, achieving the pipeline three-dimensional model construction according to the judged connectivity among the pipeline sections and the transformed coordinate data of the pipeline sections. According to the pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction method based on the axonometrical drawing, the three-dimensional reconstruction is conducted by adopting a diagram analyzing technology, the pipeline three-dimensional model construction based on the pipeline axonometrical drawing can be achieved, and the method is strong in practicability and operability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to pipeline layout-design technical field, relates in particular to a kind of pipeline Three-dimensional Gravity based on axonometric drawing
Construction method.
Background technology
Pipeline axonometric drawing is thrown in existing pipeline layout-design engineering typically with AutoCAD Software on Drawing frequently with center
Two kinds of projecting methods of shadow method and parallel sciagraphy, the engineering drawing overwhelming majority is expressed using parallel projection method.Isometric drawing is
Generated by parallel projection method, be with relief plane graph；In other words, have on the projecting direction for forming axonometric drawing
Static third dimension, when axonometric drawing is observed from different angles, this static third dimension has not existed；It is not real meaning
Pipeline 3 dimensional drawing, it is impossible to from different positions and angle observation layout of beam line, easily pipeline construction scene occur pipe
The design mistakes such as the interference between road, cause engineering to stagnate or terminate；And the pipeline layout-design of modification mistake can only be passed through
Continue afterwards to construct, so badly influence the operational paradigm of engineering, it is relatively costly.
Based on the technical problem that above-mentioned pipeline layout-design is present, not yet there is the solution of correlation；Therefore in the urgent need to
Seek effective scheme to solve the above problems.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims to the defect of above-mentioned prior art, there is provided a kind of pipeline Three-dimensional Gravity based on axonometric drawing
Construction method；Aim to solve the problem that the problem for being difficult to effective exclusion in the detail design stage by pipeline axonometric drawing layout-design mistake.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme is that：
A kind of pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing, the method for reconstructing comprises the steps：
S1：The pipeline axonometric drawing of AutoCAD Software on Drawing is divided into into several pipeline sections, using pattern substitution and sorting code number
Method several pipeline sections of pipeline axonometric drawing are carried out with figure pretreatment, and keep the connectedness of each pipeline section in original pipeline；
S2：Using each pipeline axle of the choice set and pel treatment technology of AutoLisp/VisualLisp to pretreatment
Mapping carries out each pipeline section coordinate data and extracts, and the coordinate data of extraction is converted to into three-dimensional using the projection law of isometric drawing
Solid data；
S3：According to the 3D solid data extracted, the connectedness between each pipeline section is judged；
S4：According to the 3D solid data of the connective and each pipeline section for obtaining pipeline section, using AutoLisp/
VisualLisp programming realizations its threedimensional model construction；Pattern substitution and coding information in step S1, is put using figure
Technology is changed, replaced figure is replaced again with three-dimensional correspondence figure, the two dimension for completing various valves and fittings on pipeline is arrived
Three-dimensional displacement, realizes axonometric drawing pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction.
Used as the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the pipeline section is with axis (heavy line) positional representation of cylinder pipeline section.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the pattern substitution be each pipe fitting in the pipeline axonometric drawing and
Valve is replaced as " block " entity；The sorting code number is that " block " entity in the pipeline axonometric drawing carries out each own coding.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, in described step 3, carried out according to the connectivity pair pipeline section of each pipeline section
Classification；Independent tubes are formed by a set is constituted with connective pipeline section；Other pipeline sections are directly modeled or abandon.
Used as the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, the independent tubes are divided into simple path or connected component's path.
As the improvement to above-mentioned technical proposal, using AutoLisp/VisualLisp programming techniques by the individual tubes
Road is represented with linked list data structure or array form；Connected component's path is represented with binary tree/ternary tree data structure.
Specifically, above-mentioned steps are so to carry out successively：
Pipeline axonometric drawing includes some pipeline sections typically with AutoCAD Software on Drawing, in pipeline axonometric drawing, and pipeline section is piping drawing
In least unit, typically with axis (heavy line) positional representation of cylinder pipeline section (usually larger solid of line width
Line)；Relation between pipeline section includes connected relation, and disconnected relation；Under connected relation, any one pipeline section also may be used
Certain simple path can be belonged to or with connected component；Therefore the Three-dimensional Gravity of pipeline axonometric drawing can be carried out with reference to Practical Project drawing
Build, so as to efficiently, accurately identify layout of beam line.
First, figure pretreatment (i.e. axonometric drawing is carried out to each pipeline using pattern substitution and the method for sorting code number
Standardization), the connectedness of original pipeline is expressed and kept to the model specificationization for realizing each pipeline axonometric drawing.
Then, using the choice set and pel treatment technology of AutoLisp/VisualLisp to normalized each pipeline
Axonometric drawing carries out each pipeline section coordinate data and extracts, and the initial data of extraction is presented in three dimensions (such as each pipeline in Fig. 3 (a)
Data).Because axonometric drawing is into the particularity of figure, the data are substantially 2-D datas, are advised using the projection of isometric drawing
Rule, according to these initial datas three-dimensional solid data in fact is derived, and completes data conversion.
Again, the connectedness of pipeline section is judged according to the three-dimensional data after conversion, is analyzed and have between which pipeline section connectedness.
A set is constituted with each connective pipeline section form independent tubes；Further, then judge that it is simple path, or tool
There is connected component, so as to process of classifying；Generally, simple path is the branch road of wall scroll independent communication；Also, not any
Pipeline section on path, it is believed that be isolated presence, optionally Direct Three-dimensional is modeled or abandoned.
Followed by the different data structures of design realize three-dimensional reconstruction.For the pipeline of simple path, linked list data is set up
Structure or array；For the pipeline with connected component sets up binary tree/trident data tree structure, it is possible to use AutoLisp/
During VisualLisp programming realizations, different data structures are changed into table structure representation.
Finally, realize based on the pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction of axonometric drawing.According to the connective and each pipeline section for having obtained pipeline section
Three-dimensional data, using AutoLisp/VisualLisp programming realizations its threedimensional model construction.According to the figure in step first
Displacement and coding information, reuse pattern substitution technology, and replaced figure is replaced once again with three-dimensional correspondence figure,
The displacement of the 2 d-to-3 d of various valves and fittings on pipeline is mainly completed, the axonometric drawing pipeline three in complete meaning is realized
Dimension is rebuild.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages and positive effects that：
The pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing of the present invention, solves and is existed by pipeline axonometric drawing layout-design mistake
The detail design stage is difficult to the problem of effective exclusion.By adopting such scheme, the three-dimensional reconstruction of pipeline axonometric drawing can be realized
Analysis, such that it is able to from each different position and angle observation layout of beam line, reducing pipeline construction scene and pipeline or portion occur
The design mistake such as interfere between part so as to affect engineering efficiency, efficiently solve layout-design error tape in engineering construction and come
A difficult problem；Also, the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method practicality, workable of the axonometric drawing that the present invention is provided.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of flow chart of the three-dimensional rebuilding method of pipeline axonometric drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is a kind of pipeline axonometric drawing of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the initial data and three-dimensional reconstruction Data Comparison shaft side figure of pipeline section, wherein 3 (a) is initial data, 3 (a) is
Solid data；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of relation between three kinds of coordinate systems of a kind of pipeline axonometric drawing of the invention；
Fig. 5 is that a kind of pipeline rout of pipeline axonometric drawing of the present invention judges schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is the coordinate transform schematic diagram in a kind of pipeline axonometric drawing of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
The technology of the present invention is described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description.
As shown in figures 1 to 6, the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing of the invention, specifically includes following steps：
Pipeline axonometric drawing includes some pipeline sections typically with AutoCAD Software on Drawing, in pipeline axonometric drawing, and pipeline section is piping drawing
In least unit, typically with axis (heavy line) positional representation (heavy line) of cylinder pipeline section；Relation bag between pipeline section
Include connected relation, and disconnected relation；Under connected relation, any one pipeline section or it is under the jurisdiction of a simple path, or
It is under the jurisdiction of the path with connected component.Therefore the three-dimensional reconstruction of pipeline axonometric drawing can be carried out with reference to Practical Project drawing, with
Just can efficiently, accurately identify layout of beam line.
First, figure pretreatment (i.e. axonometric drawing is carried out to each pipeline using pattern substitution and the method for sorting code number
Standardization), the connectedness of original pipeline section is expressed and kept to the model specificationization for realizing each pipeline axonometric drawing.Fig. 2 is pipeline
The original legend of axonometric drawing.
Then, using the choice set and pel treatment technology of AutoLisp/VisualLisp to normalized each pipeline
Axonometric drawing carries out each pipeline section coordinate data and extracts, and the initial data of extraction is presented in three dimensions (such as respectively manages in Fig. 3 (a) figures
The data of section).Because axonometric drawing is into the particularity of figure, Z coordinate all zero, the data are substantially 2-D datas.According to Fig. 4
Relation schematic diagram between three kinds of coordinate systems of shown pipeline shaft side figure, using the projection law of isometric drawing, by what is extracted
Such as initial data derives them positioned at three-dimensional solid data, completes data conversion, the data of each pipeline section in Fig. 3 (b).
Again, the connectedness of pipeline section is judged according to the three-dimensional data after conversion, is analyzed and have between which pipeline section connectedness.
Have one set of aisled pipeline section composition and form independent tubes, determine whether that it is simple path, or with connected component,
Classification is processed.
Followed by the different data structures of design realize three-dimensional reconstruction.For the pipeline of simple path, linked list data is set up
Structure or array；For the pipeline with connected component sets up binary tree/trident data tree structure.Using AutoLisp/
During VisualLisp programming realizations, different data structures is changed into " table " structure representation.
Finally, realize based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of pipeline axonometric drawing pipeline section.According to having obtained the connective and each of pipeline section
The three-dimensional data of pipeline section, using the threedimensional model construction of its all pipeline section of AutoLisp/VisualLisp programming realizations.Wherein,
Pattern substitution and coding information in step first, reuses pattern substitution technology, by replaced figure with three-dimensional
Correspondence figure is replaced once again, mainly completes the displacement of the 2 d-to-3 d of various valves and fittings on pipeline, has been realized
Pipeline axonometric drawing three-dimensional reconstruction in full meaning.
Preferably, the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method specific implementation process of the axonometric drawing that the present invention is provided is as follows：
1st, figure pretreatment
The standardization of figure pretreatment, i.e. axonometric drawing is carried out to pipeline using pattern substitution and the method for sorting code number, it is real
The model specification of existing pipeline axonometric drawing processes and keeps the connectedness of original pipeline.For pipeline axonometric drawing is carried out at standardization
Reason, all kinds of valves and fittings in primarily discrete pipeline axonometric drawing extract the geometric element for constituting valves and fittings,
It is combined into independent " block " entity；" block " entity is a kind of entity type in AutoCAD, can be realized by AutoCAD softwares；
And the function according to valve or pipe fitting is encoded to them, it is to unify pipe to carry out pretreatment to original figure in this programme
The expression of road axonometric drawing, and maintain the connectedness of original piping drawing.Piping drawing is intricate, as shown in Fig. 2 in order to efficiently complete
Into three-dimensional reconstruction work, needs carry out certain pretreatment work according to its processing method and feature；Engineering drawing pretreatment is three
A basic handling in dimension reconstruction, while being also the first step of three-dimensional reconstruction, whether quality of this part work will be straight
Connecing affects follow-up reconstruction；Its process includes：
(1), delete and rebuild irrelevant cells：Auxiliary pel in view, such as pipe support, direction sign, material list, title bar with
And some markup informations (referring to the geometry mark consistent with actual characteristic, such as length mark)；
(2), standardization processing：Set up basic pipeline figure layer to deposit pipeline, valves and fittings figure layer is set up respectively to deposit
Put valves and fittings, such as flange, stop valve, reduced pipe etc..Pipeline unification single line heavy line represents that valves and fittings is with carefully
Solid line is represented；
(3), valves and fittings is done the form of in bulk, and according to certain rule encoding name block.
2nd, the data of pipeline section are extracted and coordinate transform
Normalized pipeline axonometric drawing is carried out using the choice set and pel treatment technology of AutoLisp/VisualLisp
Each pipeline section coordinate data is extracted, and the initial data of extraction is presented in three dimensions.Because axonometric drawing is into the particularity of figure, the data
Substantially it is 2-D data, using the projection law of isometric drawing, these original two dimensional data is derived into three-dimensional
Solid data, completes data conversion.
As shown in figure 4, in order to realize coordinate transform, two-dimensional world coordinate system OX is appreciated that firstwYwZw(xoy), axle is surveyed and sat
Mark system OX1Y1Z1And the relation between tri- kinds of different coordinates of space projection coordinate system OXYZ, and axonometric drawing and 3D solid figure
Between relation.World coordinate system is drawing coordinate system, and here seat is typically during using AutoCAD Software on Drawing pipeline axonometric drawings
Carry out under mark system, be 0 under its Zw coordinate default condition, the data being stored in AutoCAD data bases are exactly under this coordinate system
Data.Space projection coordinate system OXYZ is three-dimensional reconstruction target-based coordinate system, and its coordinate axes is mutually in 90 °, is three-dimensional under truth
Coordinate system residing for object.Axonometry coordinate system is projection of space coordinates OXYZ on axonometric projection face.Piping drawing is adopted mostly
With Isometric projection, the angle between axonometric projection axis is 120 °.
(1), the extraction of pipeline section data：The Drawing Object that is related in chemical pipeline axonometric drawing is main a little, straight line, circle
Arc.Graphical information is obtained and changed, two methods can be passed through：The group code table processing method and Visual Lisp of AutoLisp
Object properties processing method.AutoLisp programs obtain information needed by the pel name and corresponding DXF of figure.For example
Straight line start point information is obtained with (cdr (assoc 10 (entget (car (entsel))))).The present invention adopts Visual
ActiveX methods obtain information needed by the object name and attribute of figure in Lisp.Straight line object has StartPoint,
Many attributes such as EndPoint, Length, Angle, Color.For above-mentioned straight line, its pel name is converted into into object name, so
Obtain information needed by obtaining attribute function afterwards.For example pass through (Vlax-Get (Vlax-Ename- ＞ Vla-Object
(car (entsel))) ' StartPoint) obtaining straight line start point information, (Vlax-Get (Vlax-Ename- ＞ Vla-
Object (car (entsel))) ' Angle) obtaining straight line angle information, (Vlax-Get (Vlax-Ename- ＞ Vla-
Object (car (entsel))) ' Length) obtaining length information；Other attribute letters can be obtained by changing Property Name
Breath.For complicated DXF group codes are processed, primitive attribute can be more intuitively accessed and edited using ActiveX methods.
(2), pipeline section move towards judge：In most cases, the locus of pipeline are perpendicular to Basic projection plane, that is, locate
In perpendicular, vertical profile line and vertical frontal line position.From axonometric projection rule, show as in axonometric drawing parallel to corresponding axle
Survey axle.Therefore, pipeline is located at and X in world coordinate system in isometric drawingwPositive angle is ± 30 °, ± 90 °, ± 150 °
In orientation, as shown in Figure 5.In order to realize the coordinate transform of pipeline, first have to judge its space trend；By straight line object
Angle attributes can obtain pipeline and XwPositive angle information, gained angle information is represented in units of radian.For example, exist
In Fig. 5, pipeline OA and XwPositive angle is 30 °, i.e., parallel with axonometric axis X1 axles and for negative sense, can release OA and sit parallel to space
The lower X-axis of mark system；In the same manner, AB can be drawn parallel to solid axes Z axis, BC is parallel to solid axes Y-axis.When pipeline section is projection
Face parallel lines or common place planc, can be converted into perspective plane vertical line solution using face method is changed.
(3), the coordinate transform of single pipeline section：Each pipeline section is end to end in chemical pipeline figure.Take full advantage of herein
End to end characteristic, it is assumed that when calculating the coordinate of new pipeline section, the starting point of the pipeline section is converted to obtain space coordinates
Under coordinate.As shown in fig. 6, a pipeline sections of the SE for piping drawing, S (Xws, Yws, Zws) and E (Xwe, Ywe, Zwe) exist for pipeline section SE
World coordinate system OXwYwZwIn coordinate, Zws=Zwe=0.S1(X1s, Y1s, Z1s) and E1(X1e, Y1e, Z1e) be conversion after space
Coordinate, space coordinatess S of starting point S1(X1s, Y1s, Z1s) be, it is known that the geometric data of the world coordinate system according to the SE for having extracted,
Derive terminal space coordinatess E1(X1e, Y1e, Z1e) numerical value；When coordinates of pictorial axes is changed, the starting point to initial pipeline section is needed
Positioned, can be typically defined as zero or local coordinate origin.As starting point, calculate successively on pipeline
The coordinates of pictorial axes of other pipeline sections.
Without loss of generality, it is assumed that α=30 °, SE is parallel to X1 axle negative senses.Referring to Fig. 6, then have：
Set up.L geometric meanings are SE pipeline section true lengths, as pipeline section direction and X1When axle negative sense is in the same direction L take it is negative, with X1Axle is positive
L takes just when in the same direction.L can be obtained by Length attributes.Coordinate a little is represented with column vector, is write as homogeneous matrix form and is represented
For：
Note
Then there is Pe1=MX1·Ps1。
In the same manner, SE//Y is worked as1And SE//Z1When, have respectively
Pe1=MY1·Ps1, Pe1=MZ1·Ps1。
Wherein,
Matrix and multiplication of vectors function are defined, conversion Calculation above can be completed.
3rd, valves and fittings identification
There are substantial amounts of valve, pipe fitting (including elbow, threeway, flange, reduced pipe etc.), conduit fittingss in piping diagram
Deng；They are drawn by general proportions and physical location with compulsory figure with fine line；The type of attachment of pipe fitting, valve etc. and pipeline
The graphical symbol of (flange connection, threaded connection, welding) is also drawn with fine line；These simple symbols are only schematic diagram, past
Toward needing to carry out expressed intact its relevant information by mark or the Engineering Semantics such as word.Active computer can read geometric graph
Shape element, but for the understanding of project semantics information is also difficult to accomplish intellectuality.Therefore, the present invention is by judging figure layer, live width
Pipeline, valves and fittings are recognized with the method for block name；Recognize it is which kind of valve, pipe fitting by block name, by the attribute of block
Value or growth data are obtaining its Primary Reference size (such as nominal diameter and overall length).Inventor is by researching and analysing
A large amount of pipe fitting, valves, it is distinguished and is sorted out according to certain principle and method, makes a kind of coding rule, block name
Using this coding name.Coding is made up of successively module classification code, type feature code, connection type code.For example encode 010102
Represent welding gate valve.The three-dimensional modeling of valves and fittings be only used as illustrate, as long as ensure nominal diameter it is identical with pipeline, profile and
Real entities are similar.
With reference to such scheme, also include each valve and pipe in pipeline axonometric drawing in initial graphics pre-treatment step
Part carries out figure pretreatment；Extract the insertion point co-ordinate data of each valves and fittings；By the attribute for setting up valves and fittings, just
Extract and change in the data for focusing on each pipeline section in pipeline.
By adopting such scheme, with graphics analysis techniques, can realize based on the three-dimensional reconstruction of pipeline axonometric drawing, from
And can reduce pipeline construction scene and occur being interfered between pipeline from each different position and angle observation layout of beam line
Etc. design mistake so as to affect engineering efficiency, the difficult problem that layout-design error tape comes in engineering construction is efficiently solved；Also, this
The pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method practicality, workable of the axonometric drawing that invention is provided.
The above, only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention not does any pro forma restriction to the present invention.It is any ripe
Those skilled in the art is known, under without departing from technical solution of the present invention ambit, all using technology contents described above
Many possible variations and modification, or the Equivalent embodiments for being revised as equivalent variations are made to technical solution of the present invention.Therefore, it is all
It is the content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, any change made for any of the above embodiments is changed according to the technology of the present invention,
Equivalent variations and modification, belong to the protection domain of the technical program.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing, it is characterised in that：The method for reconstructing comprises the steps：
S1：The pipeline axonometric drawing of AutoCAD Software on Drawing is divided into into several pipeline sections, using pattern substitution and the side of sorting code number
Method carries out figure pretreatment to several pipeline sections of pipeline axonometric drawing, and keeps the connectedness of each pipeline section in original pipeline；
S2：Using each pipeline axonometric drawing of the choice set and pel treatment technology of AutoLisp/VisualLisp to pretreatment
Carry out each pipeline section coordinate data to extract, the coordinate data of extraction is converted to into 3D solid using the projection law of isometric drawing
Data；
S3：According to the 3D solid data extracted, the connectedness between each pipeline section is judged；
S4：According to the 3D solid data of the connective and each pipeline section for obtaining pipeline section, using AutoLisp/VisualLisp
Programming realization its threedimensional model construction；Pattern substitution and coding information in step S1, using pattern substitution technology, will be by
The figure of displacement is replaced again with three-dimensional correspondence figure, completes the displacement of the 2 d-to-3 d of various valves and fittings on pipeline,
Realize axonometric drawing pipeline three-dimensional reconstruction.
2. the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pipeline section is with circle
The axial location of cylinder pipeline section is represented.
3. the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The pattern substitution
It is that each pipe fitting and valve in the pipeline axonometric drawing is replaced as " block " entity；The sorting code number is according to the pipeline
" block " entity in axonometric drawing carries out each own coding.
4. the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described step 3
In, classified according to the connectivity pair pipeline section of each pipeline section；Form independent by a set is constituted with connective pipeline section
Pipeline；Other pipeline sections are directly modeled or are abandoned.
5. the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：The independent tubes
It is divided into simple path or connected component's path.
6. the pipeline three-dimensional rebuilding method based on axonometric drawing according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：Using
AutoLisp/VisualLisp programming techniques represent the independent tubes with linked list data structure or array form；Will be described
Connected component's path is represented with binary tree/ternary tree data structure.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN109325292A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2019-02-12 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | A kind of complicated welding track heat source load local coordinate system setting method based on ANSYS |
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| CN109754460B (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2022-12-09 | 福建晨曦信息科技集团股份有限公司 | Automatic die overturning method, electronic equipment and storage medium |
| CN112215943A (en) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-12 | 北京中科辅龙科技股份有限公司 | Three-dimensional model automatic reconstruction method based on axial diagram |
| KR102269474B1 (en) * | 2020-11-27 | 2021-06-25 | 주식회사 무브먼츠 | Method for extracting 2d drawing data of pipelines to generate 3d design data |
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