CN106649103B - A kind of method and system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing - Google Patents
A kind of method and system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing Download PDFInfo
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- CN106649103B CN106649103B CN201611056866.XA CN201611056866A CN106649103B CN 106649103 B CN106649103 B CN 106649103B CN 201611056866 A CN201611056866 A CN 201611056866A CN 106649103 B CN106649103 B CN 106649103B
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
- G06F11/3668—Software testing
- G06F11/3672—Test management
- G06F11/3684—Test management for test design, e.g. generating new test cases
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F11/00—Error detection; Error correction; Monitoring
- G06F11/36—Preventing errors by testing or debugging software
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method and system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, when identifying all control informations and target window information in target window, it need to only be parsed when obtaining control information and all control informations can be obtained by the control information document that ADB order obtains, and window information can be directly acquired by ADB order, process is simple；It, can be during automatically generating test case, to Android application widget all standing when automatically generating test case；When automatically generating test script, by being encapsulated to Robotium automated test frame, keyword and test data only need to be added in test case document, can be realized and automatically generate test script, when test data changes, the test data in test case document need to be only modified；The present invention improves the reusability of the degree of automation of test, the coverage rate at interface and test script in the case where not needing program source code.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Android application program the field of test technology more particularly to a kind of Android application program to automate black box
The method and system of test.
Background technique
Window (window) is that application program is shown in the whole figure interface on device screen, and unique identification works as prezone
Face.The factor for causing window to change includes mutual switching between different Activity, difference cloth in the same Activity component
Office control display and hide etc..
ADB (Android Debug Bridge) i.e. Android debugs bridge, is one of android system order line
Tool can use the connection that ADB realizes Android phone and PC.
APK (Android Package) i.e. Android installation kit.
With the fast development of development of Mobile Internet technology, the exploitation quantity of Android application program is also more and more.To protect
The quality of Android application program is demonstrate,proved, application program needs to test it before being formally published to application market.But
It is that developer only provides APK application packet to application market, Black-box Testing can only be carried out.Meanwhile Automated Black Box Testing nor
Often meet mobile cloud testing service popular recently.Developer need to only upload the APK file of tested application program, so that it may benefit
It is tested with the resource of cloud service platform.Therefore, it realizes and Android application program is carried out automatically in the case where passive coding
Changing test is significantly.However, in terms of existing methods and techniques still cannot sufficiently meet automation and coverage rate
Requirement, the problem of being primarily present includes: to lead to oneself of test first, need to write manually or record test script manually
Dynamicization degree is not high；Second, Static Analysis Technology building Activity transition diagram need to be first passed through, not only process is complicated, Er Qiejie
Face coverage rate is not high.
Tanzirul Azim et al. propose using the mode analog subscriber of target and depth-first traversal operation with
Android application program interacts, and tests to realize application program, concrete implementation process are as follows:
(1) static analysis is carried out to tested application program, constructs the traversal model based on Activity component；
(2) by way of target and depth-first traversal, analog subscriber operation is handed over Android application program
Mutually；
(3) test result is generated during traversal.
The shortcomings that technical solution: due to using the traversal model based on Activity component, due to one
Activity may include multiple and different window, and the window in the same Activity can mutually switch, be based on
There is no the handoff relations really established between display interface in fact for the traversal model of Activity, so that its traversal to GUI
It is not enough, to influence interface coverage rate.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method and system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, it is intended to solve
The method for the Android application program that certainly prior art provides, needs to write manually or records test script manually, cause to test
The degree of automation it is not high, while Static Analysis Technology building Activity transition diagram need to be first passed through, process is complicated, interface covering
The not high problem of rate.
The invention is realized in this way a kind of method of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, the Android application journey
The method of sequence Automated Black Box Testing the following steps are included:
Step 1 is identified all in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Control information and target window information；
Step 2 automatically generates test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method；
Step 3 reuses test script automatic generation method with RobotiumEx high and automatically generates test script.
Further, step 1 is identified in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
All control informations and target window information when, control information includes control type, control title and control property, window letter
Breath includes Activity title and window Hash codes where window；
All control informations in target window are identified by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
With target window information the following steps are included:
Step (1) sends dump and adb shell dumpsys window w by ADB respectively to equipment | findstr
MCurrent order；
Step (2) obtains the xml text of the window control information on preservation current device screen by executing dump order
Part, by executing adb shell dumpsys window w | findstr mCurrent order obtains belonging to current window
Activity and window Hash codes；
Step (3), the xml document of acquisition is grabbed on local host, is parsed to it, and front window is worked as in acquisition
Activity name and window Hash information belonging to mouthful are added in control information, generate control node listing；
Step (4) re-writes the control node listing of generation in one xml document.
Further, step 2 automatically generates test with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
When use-case, need to construct the traversal model based on Android application widget, traversal model is a digraph, and node of graph indicates
One window node, and the side of figure indicates a simulated action, in the traversal model based on window, window ID (Window
Flag it) is used for one window of unique identification, Activity title and window Hash information are saved in window ID, can be led to
It crosses and Activity title and window Hash codes is compared respectively to judge whether two windows are identical；Task (Task) can table
It is shown as (window ID, movement, control node) such a triple, wherein window ID indicates a movement under this window
It executes, movement indicates an operation to be simulated, and control node is indicated to the affiliated control of simulated operation, only when application program is transported
After row is performed to the movement on this window and this window, a task is just performed；In window node (Window Node)
All information relevant to window are saved, it is all pending including include in corresponding window ID, current window
Task formed task list, father node, child list, from starting window node to the path of current window node on hold
Translation lists in capable all task lists and current window；Conversion (Transition) is used to indicate one in model
Transformational relation, it saves task and window node information, wherein a task in task presentation current window node, and saves
Point indicates generated child node after task execution；
Automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method includes following step
It is rapid:
Step (1) is identified all in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Control information and target window information are that each control generates a task according to control type, task list are formed, according to window
Message breath generates window ID, and window ID is added in window node；
Step (2) successively takes out a task if the task list of window node is not sky from task list, and
Judge whether current window is the window for executing required by task and wanting according to window ID, if it is required window, then directly executes
Task is then first restored to window required for current task, then executes task if not required window；
Step (3) judges to execute whether this task rear hatch switches；
Step (4) then judges whether to jump in the window of other application, if jumped to other in case of switching
In the window of application, then re-launching applications, circulation step (1), step (2), step (3) are otherwise added to current task
In task execution path list, circulation step (1) obtains the window node information after jumping, new window nodal information and works as
The task of preceding execution is added in current conversion, current conversion is added in the translation lists of current window node, while handle
Previous window node is added to the parent window node of new window node；
Step (5), if there is no switching, circulation step (2), step (3)；
Step (6) judges whether current window is to terminate window, that is, any control clicked on this window will not all be cut
New window is changed to, a test case is then generated according to task execution path list if it is window is terminated, while deleting and appointing
The last one task in business execution route list；
Step (7) judges whether complete application program of traversal, if having stepped through complete application program, entirely
Traversing result returns to a window if not traversing complete application program, and recurrence executes the step of front six, from
And it realizes and entire application is traversed.
In step (2), it is restored to the process of required window are as follows:
First from the mark of target window required for task execution is obtained in task, application program current window mark is then obtained
Knowledge is not processed if target window mark is identical with current window mark, before return operation return is simulated if different
One window, then judge whether the window ID after returning is target window mark；It repeats the above process, until finding target window
Until mouthful；If the starting window for returning to application program finds target window not yet, obtained from target window node
Since the task list executed saved successively execute the task in task list, until running to mesh originating window
Mark window.
In step (6), the test case of generation is stored in Excel document, and the content of test case includes that test is used
Example title, operating procedure, current Activity title, target Activity title, the relevant information of tested control, operation are crucial
Word, result check keyword, input data and anticipated output data field.
Further, it in step 2, is automatically generated with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
<Activity title, current window screenshot>substitution<Activity title, window Hash codes>when test case, can be used to come only
One one Android application widget of mark.
Further, in step 3, test script automatic generation method is reused with RobotiumEx high and automatically generates survey
This when of training, the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame first is packaged, then by Excel document
The middle corresponding keyword of input calls packaged test script generation method, automatically generates test script；
With RobotiumEx high reuse test script automatic generation method automatically generate test script the following steps are included:
Step (1), the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame are packaged, and obtain commonly testing foot
This generation method；
Step (2) binds corresponding keyword to packaged test script generation method, it is automatic to form RobotiumEx
Change test frame；
Step (3) generates Excel test case text with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
Shelves；
Step (4) adds corresponding test data and keyword in the test case document of generation；
It is related to obtain the corresponding institute of test case for step (5), the test case after reading addition keyword and test data
Key word passes sequentially through keyword and calls corresponding test script generation method, is automatic generating test case test script.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, which is answered
System with programming automation Black-box Testing includes:
Android application widget control identification module based on ADB order, for obtaining the control information and window of current window
Message breath, control information include control type, control title and control property, and window information includes Activity where window
Claim and window Hash codes；
Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case module, with the Android application window based on ADB order
Mouth control identification module is connected, and is used for according to depth-first traversal mode, to peace during automatically generating test case
Tall and erect application widget carries out all standing；
RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatically-generating module, with the Android application widget all standing test case
Automatically-generating module is connected, and the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame is packaged, and by
Corresponding keyword is inputted in Excel document and calls packaged test script generation method, automatically generates test script.
The method and system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing provided by the invention, first by being ordered based on ADB
The Android application widget control recognition methods of order identifies all control informations and target window information in target window；Then
With Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method, test case is automatically generated；Finally use
RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatic generation method, automatically generates test script；Passing through the Android based on ADB order
Application widget control recognition methods when identifying all control informations and target window information in target window, is obtaining control
Need to only parse when information can be obtained all control informations by the control information document that ADB order obtains, and be ordered by ADB
Order can directly acquire window information, and process is simple and saves the time；Using Android application widget all standing test case
When automatic generation method automatically generates test case, can during automatically generating test case, to Android application widget into
Row all standing；Test script automatic generation method is being reused with RobotiumEx high, when automatically generating test script, by right
Robotium automated test frame is packaged, and keyword and test data need to be only added in test case document
Realization automatically generates test script, and when test data changes, and need to only modify the test number in test case document
According to without modifying test script, to improve the reusability of test script；Invention achieves do not needing journey
In the case where sequence source code, improve the degree of automation of test, interface coverage rate and improve test script reusability purpose.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the implementation flow chart of the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the implementation flow chart of the Android application widget control identification provided in an embodiment of the present invention based on ADB order；
Fig. 3 is the implementation process of Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case provided in an embodiment of the present invention
Figure；
Fig. 4 is the implementation flow chart of SCLICK keyword encapsulation provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 5 is the structural block diagram of the system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
In figure: 51, the Android application widget control identification module based on ADB order；52, all standing of Android application widget is surveyed
Example automatically-generating module on probation；53, RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatically-generating module.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the invention is realized in this way, a kind of method of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing should
The method of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing the following steps are included:
Step S101 identifies the institute in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
There are control information and target window information；
Step S102 automatically generates test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method；
Step S103 reuses test script automatic generation method with RobotiumEx high and automatically generates test script.
In embodiments of the present invention, step S101 is known by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
When all control informations and target window information in other target window, control information includes control type, control title and control
Part attribute, window information include Activity title and window Hash codes where window；
As shown in Fig. 2, identifying the institute in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Have control information and target window information the following steps are included:
Step (1) sends dump and adb shell dumpsys window w by ADB respectively to equipment | findstr
MCurrent order；
Step (2) obtains the xml text of the window control information on preservation current device screen by executing dump order
Part, by executing adb shell dumpsys window w | findstr mCurrent order obtains belonging to current window
Activity and window Hash codes；
Step (3), the xml document of acquisition is grabbed on local host, is parsed to it, and front window is worked as in acquisition
Activity name and window Hash information belonging to mouthful are added in control information, generate control node listing；
Step (4) re-writes the control node listing of generation in one xml document.
In embodiments of the present invention, step S102, with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
When automatically generating test case, need to construct the traversal model based on Android application widget, traversal model is one oriented
Figure, node of graph indicates a window node, and the side of figure indicates a simulated action, in the traversal model based on window, window
Mouth mark (Window Flag) is used for one window of unique identification, and Activity title and window are saved in window ID
Hash information, can be judged by being compared respectively to Activity title and window Hash codes two windows whether phase
Together；Task (Task) is represented by (window ID, movement, control node) such a triple, and wherein window ID indicates
One movement executes under this window, and movement indicates an operation to be simulated, and control node is indicated to control belonging to simulated operation
Part, only after the movement that application program is run on this window and this window is performed, a task is just performed；Window
All information relevant to window are saved in node (Window Node), including corresponding window ID, current window
In include all pending tasks formed task list, father node, child list, from starting window node to current
The translation lists in all task lists and current window executed on the path of window node；(Transition) is converted to use
In indicating a transformational relation in model, it saves task and window node information, wherein task presentation current window section
A task in point, and node indicates generated child node after task execution；
As shown in figure 3, automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
The following steps are included:
Step (1) is identified all in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Control information and target window information are that each control generates a task according to control type, task list are formed, according to window
Message breath generates window ID, and window ID is added in window node；
Step (2) successively takes out a task if the task list of window node is not sky from task list, and
Judge whether current window is the window for executing required by task and wanting according to window ID, if it is required window, then directly executes
Task is then first restored to window required for current task, then executes task if not required window；
Step (3) judges to execute whether this task rear hatch switches；
Step (4) then judges whether to jump in the window of other application, if jumped to other in case of switching
In the window of application, then re-launching applications, circulation step (1), step (2), step (3) are otherwise added to current task
In task execution path list, circulation step (1) obtains the window node information after jumping, new window nodal information and works as
The task of preceding execution is added in current conversion, current conversion is added in the translation lists of current window node, while handle
Previous window node is added to the parent window node of new window node；
Step (5), if there is no switching, circulation step (2), step (3)；
Step (6) judges whether current window is to terminate window, that is, any control clicked on this window will not all be cut
New window is changed to, a test case is then generated according to task execution path list if it is window is terminated, while deleting and appointing
The last one task in business execution route list；
Step (7) judges whether complete application program of traversal, if having stepped through complete application program, entirely
Traversing result returns to a window if not traversing complete application program, and recurrence executes the step of front six, from
And it realizes and entire application is traversed.
In step (2), it is restored to the process of required window are as follows:
First from the mark of target window required for task execution is obtained in task, application program current window mark is then obtained
Knowledge is not processed if target window mark is identical with current window mark, before return operation return is simulated if different
One window, then judge whether the window ID after returning is target window mark；It repeats the above process, until finding target window
Until mouthful；If the starting window for returning to application program finds target window not yet, obtained from target window node
Since the task list executed saved successively execute the task in task list, until running to mesh originating window
Mark window.
In step (6), the test case of generation is stored in Excel document, and the content of test case includes that test is used
Example title, operating procedure, current Activity title, target Activity title, the relevant information of tested control, operation are crucial
Word, result check keyword, input data and anticipated output data field.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step s 102, with Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case
When method automatically generates test case,<Activity title, current window screenshot>substitution<Activity title, window can be used
Mouth Hash codes > carry out one Android application widget of unique identification.
In embodiments of the present invention, in step s 103, the test script side of automatically generating is reused with RobotiumEx high
When method automatically generates test script, the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame first is packaged, and is then led to
It crosses and inputs corresponding keyword in Excel document and call packaged test script generation method, automatically generate test script；
With RobotiumEx high reuse test script automatic generation method automatically generate test script the following steps are included:
Step (1), the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame are packaged, and obtain commonly testing foot
This generation method；
Step (2) binds corresponding keyword to packaged test script generation method, it is automatic to form RobotiumEx
Change test frame；
Step (3) generates Excel test case text with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
Shelves；
Step (4) adds corresponding test data and keyword in the test case document of generation；
It is related to obtain the corresponding institute of test case for step (5), the test case after reading addition keyword and test data
Key word passes sequentially through keyword and calls corresponding test script generation method, is automatic generating test case test script.
As shown in figure 5, being another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing
System, the system of the Android application program Automated Black Box Testing include:
Android application widget control identification module 51 based on ADB order, for obtain current window control information and
Window information, control information include control type, control title and control property, and window information includes Activity where window
Title and window Hash codes；
Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case module 52, with the Android application widget based on ADB order
Control identification module 51 is connected, and is used for according to depth-first traversal mode, to peace during automatically generating test case
Tall and erect application widget carries out all standing；
RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatically-generating module 53, certainly with Android application widget all standing test case
Dynamic generation module 52 is connected, and the common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame is packaged, and by
Corresponding keyword is inputted in Excel document and calls packaged test script generation method, automatically generates test script.
With reference to the accompanying drawing and specific embodiment is further described application principle of the invention.
The method of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing provided in an embodiment of the present invention includes: based on ADB order
The recognition methods of Android application widget control, Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method and RobotiumEx high
Test script automatic generation method three parts are reused, pass through the Android application widget control identification side based on ADB order first
Method identifies all control informations and target window information in target window；Then it is used with Android application widget all standing test
Case automatic generating method automatically generates test case；Finally test script automatic generation method is reused certainly with RobotiumEx high
It is dynamic to generate test script.To reach the degree of automation for improving test in the case where not needing program source code, interface covering
The purpose of rate and the reusability of raising test script.
The invention proposes a kind of Android application widget all standing automatic generating test cases and RobotiumEx high to reuse
The Automated Black Box Testing Method that test script automatically generates, this method include the Android application widget control based on ADB order
Identification, Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case and RobotiumEx high reuse test script and automatically generate three
Point.
1) the Android application widget control identification based on ADB order
The part is used to obtain the control information and window information of current window, and control information includes control type, control
Title and control property etc., window information include Activity title and window Hash codes where window.Peace based on ADB order
Tall and erect application widget control identification process is as shown in Figure 2.
Key step is as follows:
(1) dump and adb shell dumpsys window w is sent to equipment by ADB respectively | findstr
MCurrent order；
(2) xml document that the window control information on preservation current device screen is obtained by executing dump order, passes through
Executing adb shell dumpsys window w | findstr mCurrent order obtains Activity belonging to current window
Name and window Hash codes；
(3) xml document of acquisition is grabbed on local host, it is parsed, and the current window of acquisition institute
The Activity name and window Hash information of category are added in control information, generate control node listing；
(4) the control node listing of generation is re-write in an xml document.
2) Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case
According to depth-first traversal thought, the invention proposes a kind of Android application widget all standing test cases to give birth to automatically
At method, the feature of this method is that can be covered full during automatically generating test case to Android application widget
Lid.Wherein need to construct time based on Android application widget during fortune automatically generates test case in this way
Model is gone through, this traversal model is a digraph, and node of graph indicates a window node, and the side of figure indicates that a simulation is dynamic
Make.
In order to better describe the traversal model based on window, following concept is defined in the present invention:
Definition: window ID (Window Flag) is used for one window of unique identification, saves in window ID
Activity title and window Hash information, can by respectively to Activity title and window Hash codes compare come
Judge whether two windows are identical.
Definition: task (Task) is represented by (window ID, movement, control node) such a triple, wherein window
Mouth mark indicates that a movement executes under this window, and movement indicates an operation to be simulated, and control node is indicated wait simulate
Control belonging to operating, only after the movement that application program is run on this window and this window is performed, a task is just calculated
It is performed.
Definition: all information relevant to window are saved in window node (Window Node), including corresponding
Task list that all pending tasks for including in window ID, current window are formed, father node, child list, from
The translation lists in all task lists and current window executed in starting window node to the path of current window node.
Definition: for indicating a transformational relation in model, it saves task and window for conversion (Transition)
Nodal information, a wherein task in task presentation current window node, and node indicates generated son after task execution
Node.
Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case process is as shown in Figure 3.
Key step is as follows:
(1) all controls in target window are identified by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Information and target window information are that each control generates a task according to control type, form task list, believed according to window
Breath generates window ID, and they are added in window node；
(2) if the task list of window node is not sky, a task is successively taken out from task list, and according to window
Mouth mark judges whether current window is the window for executing required by task and wanting, and if it is required window, then directly executes task, such as
Fruit is not required window, then is first restored to window required for current task, then executes task；
It is restored to the process of required window are as follows: first from the mark of target window required for task execution is obtained in task, so
Application program current window mark is obtained afterwards, is not processed if target window mark is identical with current window mark, if
It is different then simulate return operation and return to previous window, then judge whether the window ID after returning is target window mark.Weight
The multiple above process, until finding target window.If the starting window for returning to application program finds target window not yet
Mouthful, then the task list executed saved is obtained from target window node successively executes task since originating window
Task in list, until running to target window.
(3) judge to execute whether this task rear hatch switches；
(4) in case of switching, then judge whether to jump in the window of other application, if jumping to other application
In window, then re-launching applications, circulation step (1), (2), (3).Otherwise current task is added to task execution path column
In table, circulation step (1) obtains the window node information after jumping, new window nodal information and currently performed task is added
Enter into current conversion, current conversion is added in the translation lists of current window node, while previous window node
It is added to the parent window node of new window node；
(5) if there is no switching, circulation step (2) (3)；
(6) judge whether current window is to terminate window, that is, any control clicked on this window will not be all switched to
New window then generates a test case according to task execution path list if it is window is terminated, while the task of deleting is held
The last one task in row path list；
(7) judge whether complete application program of traversal, if having stepped through complete application program, entire traversal knot
Fruit.If not traversing complete application program, a window is returned to, recurrence executes the step of front six, to realize
Entire application is traversed.
The test case of generation is stored in Excel document, and the content of test case includes test case title, operation step
Suddenly, currently Activity title, target Activity title, the relevant information of tested control, operation keyword, result inspection are closed
The fields such as key word, input data and anticipated output data.
(3) RobotiumEx high reuses test script and automatically generates
RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatic generation method
Common method is packaged；Then call packaged test script raw by inputting corresponding keyword in Excel document
At method, test script is automatically generated.
Key step is as follows:
(1) common method for including to Solo class in Robotium frame is packaged, and it is raw to obtain common test script
At method；
(2) corresponding keyword is bound to packaged test script generation method, forms RobotiumEx automation and surveys
Try frame；
(3) Excel test case document is generated with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method；
(4) corresponding test data and keyword are added in the test case document of generation；
(5) test case after addition keyword and test data is read, the corresponding all keywords of test case are obtained,
It passes sequentially through keyword and calls corresponding test script generation method, be automatic generating test case test script.
RobotiumEx automated test frame encapsulates operation keyword and result checks two kinds of keywords of keyword, table
1 is packaged partial key table.
1 partial key table of table
It describes in detail by taking SCLICK keyword as an example to the encapsulation process of keyword below, the envelope of SCLICK keyword
Dress process is as shown in Figure 4.
Technical solution of the present invention bring beneficial effect
(1) since an Activity may include multiple and different window, the window in the same Activity can be with
Mutually switching, there is no the handoff relations really established between display interface in fact for the traversal model based on Activity, therefore
The interface coverage rate of test can be improved in Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method.
(2) since when writing test script using Robotium, test data is included in script, work as survey
When examination data change, it is necessary to modify test script, code reusability is not high.And RobotiumEx high reuses test foot
This automatic generation method need to only modify the test data in test case document when test data changes, from
And improve the reusability of test script.
The step for automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
In,<Activity title, current window screenshot>substitution<Activity title, window Hash codes>carry out unique identification can be used
One Android application widget.
The present invention proposes a kind of Android application widget all standing test case and gives birth to automatically according to depth-first traversal thought
At method, this method can carry out all standing to Android application widget during automatically generating test case；The present invention
Improvement to entire technical solution: target window is identified by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order first
All control informations and target window information in mouthful, this method need to only be parsed when obtaining control information through ADB order
All control informations can be obtained in the control information document of acquisition, and can directly acquire window information, mistake by ADB order
Journey is simple and saves the time；Then test is automatically generated with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method
Use-case, this method can carry out all standing to Android application widget during automatically generating test case；Finally use
RobotiumEx high reuses test script automatic generation method and automatically generates test script, this method by Robotium from
Dynamicization test frame is packaged, and only need to add keyword and test data in test case document, automatic life can be realized
At test script, and when test data changes, the test data in test case document need to be only modified, without
Test script need to be modified, to improve the reusability of test script.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all in essence of the invention
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within mind and principle.
Claims (8)
1. a kind of method of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, which is characterized in that Android application program automation is black
The method of box test is the following steps are included: step 1, is known by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
All control informations and target window information in other target window；Step 2 is tested with Android application widget all standing
Test case is automatically generated with case automatic generating method；Step 3 reuses test script with RobotiumEx high and automatically generates
Method automatically generates test script；
Step 1 identifies all controls in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
Information and target window information send dump and adb shell to equipment by ADB the following steps are included: step (1) respectively
Dumpsys window w | findstr mCurrent order；Step (2) is currently set by executing dump order acquisition preservation
The xml document of window control information on standby screen, by executing adb shell dumpsys window w | findstr
MCurrent order obtains Activity and window Hash codes belonging to current window；Step (3), the xml text of acquisition
Part grabs on local host, parses to it, and Activity belonging to the current window acquisition and window Hash
Code information is added in control information, generates control node listing；The control node listing of generation is re-write one by step (4)
In a xml document.
2. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1 is led to
Cross all control informations and target window in the Android application widget control recognition methods identification target window based on ADB order
When information, control information includes control type, control title and control property, and window information includes Activity where window
Claim and window Hash codes.
3. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that step 2, fortune
When automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method, need to construct one based on peace
The traversal model of tall and erect application widget, traversal model are a digraph, and node of graph indicates a window node, and the side of figure indicates
One simulated action, in the traversal model based on window, window ID (Window Flag) is used for one window of unique identification
Mouthful, Activity title and window Hash information are saved in window ID, can by respectively to Activity title and
Window Hash codes compare judge whether two windows are identical；Task (Task) is represented by window ID, acts, control
Such a triple of part node, wherein window ID indicates that a movement executes under this window, and movement expression one is to mould
Quasi- operation, control node are indicated to the affiliated control of simulated operation, only when application program is run on this window and this window
Movement be performed after, a task is just performed；Institute relevant to window is saved in window node (Window Node)
There is information, the task list that is formed including all pending tasks for including in corresponding window ID, current window,
Father node, child list, from all task lists for executing in starting window node to the path of current window node and
Translation lists in current window；For indicating a transformational relation in model, it, which is saved, appoints for conversion (Transition)
It is engaged in and window node information, wherein a task in task presentation current window node, and node indicates institute after task execution
The child node of generation；Automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method includes
Following steps: step (1) identifies the institute in target window by the Android application widget control recognition methods based on ADB order
There are control information and target window information, is that each control generates a task according to control type, forms task list, root
Window ID is generated according to window information, and window ID is added in window node；Step (2), if window node is appointed
Business list is not sky, a task is successively taken out from task list, and judge whether current window is to hold according to window ID
The window that row required by task is wanted then directly executes task and is then first restored to if not required window if it is required window
Window required for current task, then executes task；Step (3) judges to execute whether this task rear hatch is cut
It changes；Step (4) then judges whether to jump in the window of other application, if jumping to other application in case of switching
Window in, then otherwise current task is added to task by re-launching applications, circulation step (1), step (2), step (3)
In execution route list, circulation step (1) obtains the window node information after jumping, new window nodal information with currently hold
Capable task is added in current conversion, current conversion is added in the translation lists of current window node, while previous
A window node is added to the parent window node of new window node；Step (5), if there is no switching, circulation step (2),
Step (3)；Step (6) judges whether current window is to terminate window, that is, any control clicked on this window all will not
It is switched to new window, a test case is then generated according to task execution path list if it is window is terminated, is deleted simultaneously
The last one task in task execution path list；Step (7) judges whether complete application program of traversal, if
Complete application program of traversal, then save entire traversing result, if not traversing complete application program, returns to upper one
A window, recurrence execute the step of front six, traverse to realize to entire application.
4. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (2)
In, it is restored to the process of window needed for current task are as follows: first from target window mark required for acquisition task execution in task
Know, then obtain application program current window mark, does not do and locate if target window mark is identical with current window mark
Reason simulates return operation if different and returns to previous window, then judges whether the window ID after returning is target window
Mark；It repeats the above process, until finding target window；If the starting window for returning to application program is looked for not yet
To target window, then the task list executed saved is obtained from target window node, since originating window, according to
Task in secondary execution task list, until running to target window.
5. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as claimed in claim 3, which is characterized in that in step (6)
In, the test case of generation is stored in Excel document, the content of test case include test case title, operating procedure, when
Preceding Activity title, target Activity title, the relevant information of tested control, operation keyword, result check keyword,
Input data and anticipated output data field.
6. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 2
In, when automatically generating test case with Android application widget all standing automatic example generation method, can be used <
Activity title, current window screenshot>substitution<Activity title, window Hash codes>carry out one Android application of unique identification
Window.
7. the method for Android application program Automated Black Box Testing as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in step 3
In, when automatically generating test script with RobotiumEx high reuse test script automatic generation method, first to Robotium
The common method that Solo class includes in frame is packaged, and is then called by inputting corresponding keyword in Excel document
Packaged test script generation method, automatically generates test script；Test script is reused with RobotiumEx high to give birth to automatically
Test script is automatically generated at method the following steps are included: step (1), is commonly used to what Solo class in Robotium frame included
Method is packaged, and obtains common test script generation method；Step (2), to packaged test script generation method
Corresponding keyword is bound, RobotiumEx automated test frame is formed；Step (3), with Android application widget all standing
Automatic example generation method generates Excel test case document；Step (4) is added in the test case document of generation
Corresponding test data and keyword；Step (5), the test case after reading addition keyword and test data, obtains and surveys
The corresponding all keywords of example on probation pass sequentially through keyword and call corresponding test script generation method, certainly for test case
It is dynamic to generate test script.
8. a kind of system of Android application program Automated Black Box Testing, which is characterized in that Android application program automation is black
The system of box test includes: the Android application widget control identification module based on ADB order, for obtaining the control of current window
Part information and window information, control information include control type, control title and control property, and window information includes window institute
In Activity title and window Hash codes；Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case module, with the base
It is connected in the Android application widget control identification module of ADB order, for being given birth to automatically according to depth-first traversal mode
All standing is carried out to Android application widget during at test case；RobotiumEx high reuses test script and automatically generates
Module is connected with the Android application widget all standing automatic generating test case module, for in Robotium frame
The common method that Solo class includes is packaged, and by inputted in Excel document corresponding keyword call it is packaged
Test script generation method, automatically generates test script.
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| CN107368421A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-11-21 | 北京深思数盾科技股份有限公司 | The method and system of automatic test interface program |
| CN107729243B (en) * | 2017-10-12 | 2020-06-16 | 上海携程金融信息服务有限公司 | Application programming interface automatic test method, system, equipment and storage medium |
| CN108399131A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-14 | 百度在线网络技术（北京）有限公司 | Automatic test cases generation method and device |
| CN109144856A (en) * | 2018-07-27 | 2019-01-04 | 北京皮尔布莱尼软件有限公司 | A kind of UI automated testing method calculates equipment and storage medium |
| CN109857636A (en) * | 2018-12-25 | 2019-06-07 | 杭州茂财网络技术有限公司 | A kind of methods and applications positioning App homepage in Android client UI automation process |
| CN111459774B (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2023-05-12 | 中国移动通信有限公司研究院 | Method, device, equipment and storage medium for acquiring flow of application program |
| CN112306846B (en) * | 2019-07-31 | 2022-02-11 | 北京大学 | Mobile application black box testing method based on deep learning |
| CN110581885A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-12-17 | 华云数据（厦门）网络有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for determining equipment synchronization and storage medium |
| CN110825622A (en) * | 2019-10-16 | 2020-02-21 | 中国建设银行股份有限公司 | Software testing method, device, equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN112306857A (en) * | 2020-02-24 | 2021-02-02 | 北京字节跳动网络技术有限公司 | Method and apparatus for testing applications |
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| CN112148608B (en) * | 2020-09-24 | 2021-11-05 | 上海交通大学 | Mobile terminal automated software testing method based on control function labeling |
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