CN106647289A - Feedforward control method for opening and closing time of open channel water dispatching gate - Google Patents
Feedforward control method for opening and closing time of open channel water dispatching gate Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a feedforward control method for the opening and closing time of an open channel water dispatching gate. A system using the method comprises a water delivery open channel and a control system. Regulators are arranged at the upstream and downstream of the water delivery open channel. A water intake is disposed at the downstream of the water delivery open channel, is close to channel buildings, that is, the downstream of the water intake is the regulator or weir. A water flow may generate backwater due to the impact of the buildings. The backwater influence in the channel divides the channel into two sub channel sections by means of a theory such as an ID model. A rising water wave from the upstream is equal to a falling water wave due to the water acquisition of the water intake. A storage volume change in the downstream of the water intake is zero, that is, no water abandoning operation is in the channel, which requires the water should be taken after the rising water wave arrives at the water intake and before the increment of the flow at the water intake reaches a set water taking amount. The feedforward control method improves the water use efficiency of the channel system, reduces a waste of water resources, and improves the economic benefit of the channel water supply.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of open channel dispatching method, and in particular to a kind of open channel water delivery scheduling gate time delay opening and closing time
Feed forward control method.
Background technology
Water is Source of life, is essential in a series of civilization activities of human survival, city running, industrial development etc.
Factor.However, China's water resource to there is Area distribution uneven, situations such as many north in south are few, and Xia Duodong is few is generally presented.In addition
In the water resources shortage of NORTHWEST CHINA minister's phase drastically influence the development of regional economy.Country in order to alleviate the north lack
Water, is made that larger effort in the reasonable distribution of water resource, has built a large amount of water diversion projects, such as the diversion of water from the Yellow River to Tianjin, draw Luan and enter
The projects such as Tianjin, Yin Luanru Tang.There is project of South-to-North water diversion highly visible in addition, current east line is with center line with water flowing.Its alleviation
Northern China shortage of water resources present situation, promotes the reasonable disposition of China's water resource, strengthens interlocal coordinated development, produces
Huge economic benefit and social benefit is given birth to.
Building up however as large-sized water transfer project, various complicated problems also embody out, water diversion project
Operation becomes the whether successful restraining factors of water diversion project with management aspect.Due to its complicated operating mode, water transfer region
The distribution of the various places water yield and operation difficulty are increased, and artificial management seems therebetween unable to do what one wishes with operation.It is just engineering at this
Operational management in automation, informationization puts forward higher requirement.Automatically controlling for canal system, is to solve above-mentioned water transfer work
The effective measures of complex management in journey, it in combination with Theory of Automatic Control, can be carried to greatest extent using channel hydraulics
The utilization ratio of high canal system operation scheduling level and water resource.
For the traffic control of canal system, one of key problem is to determine when keying check gate, and this time
It is largely dependent on the lag time of ripples in canal system.Particularly with the feedforward control action of canal system, if can not accurately know
Lag time in canal system, then can produce insufficient water or abandon water.For example, in the feedforward link of canal control, upstream is worked as
During intake then turns on water intaking in check gate unlatching, channel, if check gate is opened the ripple that rises for causing and is not also arrived
Intake water intaking is turned on before, it will caused intake downstream flow to decline, affected downstream user water intaking；And in the ripple Jing that rises
Cross after intake and open intake again, then a part of water yield in upland water will be caused to become and abandon water, affect whole canal system
Water-use efficiency.And in the control operation of channel, the lag time of canal system can be obtained using unsteady flow simulation calculation, but
It is the water intaking initial time then more difficult determination of its intake.
In sum, needing a technical problem of the urgent solution of those skilled in the art is：Propose a kind of open channel water delivery
The feed forward control method of scheduling gate time delay opening and closing time, i.e., a kind of analytic expression of channel ripples RESPONSE CALCULATION can calculate water intaking
The water intaking initial time of mouth, while demand of both meeting：One is check gate time delay when can make current water delivery plan
Opening and closing time plan, meeting needs control system in actual canal system operation scheduling can reach stability, rapidity and robust
Property etc. require；Two is to be calculated water-use efficiency to fetch water the time with respect to highest, improves the effect of canal system feedforward control action.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the feedforward control that gate time delay opening and closing time is dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery
Method processed, by proposing a kind of analytic expression of channel ripples RESPONSE CALCULATION, tries to achieve and reaches the water-use efficiency highest water intaking time, from
And the effect of raising canal system feedforward control action, make system reach stability, rapidity, robustness etc. in canal system operation scheduling
Require.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this：The feedforward control side of gate time delay opening and closing time is dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery
Method, comprising one section of water delivery open channel and control system, canal section upstream and downstream is provided with check gate, and the conveyance canal section in downstream has intake.Take
Close to channel building, i.e., intake downstream is gate or weir at the mouth of a river, and current can be produced back because of the impact of building
Water.Backwater effect in canal pond considered by the way that channel is divided into two sub- canal sections such as the theory of ID models as described in check gate
Gate open and close device be connected with control system, the caused water level of intake water intaking preferably take into account by IDZ models
Bust.Described control system input includes：Sensor device is (comprising level sensor, check gate after upstream and downstream check gate lock
Jaw opening sensor), consider on demand water distribution design feedforward rule after, control system be output as water-use efficiency it is higher when gate
Opening and closing time.
The step of methods described, includes：
1st, the step of input control system parameter：For by parameter input device, arranging channel, the physical parameter of gate
And the initiation parameter of control system, water delivery operating mode is made in advance, downstream user water-supply method is firm discharge water intaking, i.e.,
The lock flow of distribution structure is fetched water or fixed using water pump.
2nd, the step of monitoring flow, water level and gatage：For being passed by the level sensor of check gate, gatage
Sensor, monitors water level and gatage after the lock lock of check gate；
3rd, the lag time τ of channel ripples is obtained：
In irrigation canal and water diversion project, the response time of channel is generally defined as canal system by a stable shape
State is transitioned into the required time of another stable state, channel for the response time of step flow is divided into two portions
Divide, i.e. lag time and rise time.
Lag time passed through when being exactly and starting to discharge water and observe that flow rises to Channel of Downstream end from upstream when
Between；Rise time increases to the time used during the α % of target flow for downstream flow.
4th, intake opening time T is determinedw：
In canal's moving feedforward control, the downstream water intaking time rings with the ripple that rises of upland water in the flow that downstream causes
Should correlation.In the operation of channel, upstream is supplied water can produce the descending ripple that rises, and downstream water intaking can cause up precipitation
Ripple, by two kinds of process linear superpositions, to obtain final water distribution process, so as to most preferably be fetched water the time, i.e., intake is opened
Time Tw, to guarantee that channel storage capacity is balanced.
What downstream flow was gradually increasing after lag time, intake can not rise when ripple just reaches in upstream and begin to
Water intaking, because when its ripples just arrives to intake, it is with water draw rate and unequal in increased flow.So that in downstream
Flow increase just starts after a period of time water intaking, has the extra traffic flow in part to intake downstream.In TwLater intake
Start water intaking, downstream flow understands bust to less than initial flow, until the variable quantity of upstream flowrate is all arrived at behind downstream, and by
Intake downstream storage capacity is gradually set to return to poised state.
In the traffic control of channel, it should ensure that water is abandoned at least in downstream to greatest extent, i.e. upland water incrementss are with
The water withdrawal flow of trip intake is equal, and channel upstream output is exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream plus after intake
The water yield, is to ensure downstream without water is abandoned, in lag time τ to intake opening time TwIn this period, stream to intake downstream
The flow that reduced when just opening with intake of excess traffic it is equal, the storage capacity of intake Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation, i.e.,
Nothing for channel abandons water running, can obtain following computing formula and be：
Tw=τ+tw,
In formula：
TwRepresent intake opening time；
τ represents lag time；
twRepresent lag time τ to intake opening time TwThis period；
K is time constant, represents the time constant introduced in channel ripples communication process；
KdIt is discharge coefficient, represents sensitiveness of the K by channel downstream flow water level edge effect；KpIt is time constant, represents
The time constant introduced because downstream water draw rate changes；
A is the sudden drawdown caused when intake is fetched water.
Parameter acquiring：
1. parameter K, τ two is worth is affected by downstream boundary condition, can be according to water in channel geometric parameter and channel
Properties of flow is accurately calculated；Also dependent on field for the field data of upstream flowrate and downstream flow is determined.Its
In the two parameters affected by backwater profile in channel.
2. parameter Kp, a can be recognized under the operating mode according under step flow rate working conditions by the method for emulation and parameter identification
Experimental data determining；
3. because time parameter K is affected to a greater extent by the sensitiveness on channel downstream flow water level border, adopt
Flow coefficient kdRepresent this sensitiveness.KdCan be according to formulaIt is determined that, the formula represents channel downstream initial flow
Measure the Changing Pattern that channel downstream flow water level border is characterized with the change of canal water depth.
In formula：Y is Characteristics of Water Depth in Channel；
Q0For channel initial flow.
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building pair
In the control mode of water level；If channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate, hydraulic automatism lock
Men Shi, downstream water level do not change substantially, i.e. Kd→ ∞, then Tw=τ+K, i.e., rise to increased flow in downstream flow
63% when start water intaking and then can ensure that to be without abandoning water running.The method is equally applicable to the situation that downstream is weir, but it takes
The water time is then different.
5th, the gate opening/closing time is determined：
The method recognized by field data, water intaking plan and simulation parameter determines time parameter K, KP, flow coefficient kd, it is stagnant
Afterwards time τ, sudden drawdown a, using the computational methods proposed in the present invention, calculate the time T that gate should be openedw, that is, carry
The time of gate is opened in front water intaking plan.
Channel is divided into two sub- canal sections to consider by the backwater effect in canal pond by ID model theories, and is represented with K
The impact of boundary condition, then the discharge process analytical expression under step flow in channel Anywhere be：
Q (x, t)=1-e-[t-τ(x)]/K(x),
In formula：τ (x) is the lag time in canal pond at x；K (x) is the time constant at channel x, in actual use,
Two parameters can be recognized by the response under channel step operating mode；
It is gradually increasing after lag time due to downstream flow, intake can not possibly rise what ripple had just reached in upstream
When begin to water intaking, need downstream flow increase a period of time after just start water intaking, i.e.,：
Work as t<During τ：
Work as τ<t<TwWhen：
Work as t>TwWhen：
In formula：
τ is lag time；
For the variable quantity in t of downstream flow；
δQuFor the output of upstream；
K is the time constant introduced in ripples communication process；
qw,0To start during water intaking, the changes in flow rate that channel downstream produces because of water intaking；
The sudden drawdown that a causes when fetching water for intake；
KpIt is the sizableness of the time parameter introduced because downstream water draw rate changes, its value and K, but what K was represented
It is the time constant introduced because of upland water changes in flow rate in canal pond, two values are affected by downstream boundary condition；
kdFor discharge coefficient, represent that K is subject to the sensitivity effects on channel downstream flow water level border；
In canal's moving scheduling, it should ensure that water is abandoned at least in downstream to greatest extent, i.e., upland water flows with downstream water intaking
Measure equal, i.e. qw,0=δ Qu, i.e.,：
In order to ensure downstream without water is abandoned, then the integration of this flow versus time should be zero, make tw=Tw- τ, is carried out to above formula
Integration, i.e.,：
This storage capacity I=0, i.e. channel upstream output are exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream, stream to bleeder downstream
The flow that excess traffic is reduced when just opening with bleeder is equal, and the storage capacity of bleeder Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation,
That is the nothing of channel abandons water running, and abbreviation formula is：
Above formula is obtained：
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building pair
In the control mode of water level, for example, when adopting water level controller in channel, its water level hardly changes, kd→ ∞, then may be used
：
Tw=τ+K
When channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate, when Hydro-automatic gate or weir, then
Above-mentioned formula can proper t=TwBleeder is opened during=τ+K and starts water intaking, i.e.,
Start water intaking when downstream flow rises to the 63% of increased flow and then can ensure that to be that nothing abandons water running.
The beneficial effect comprise that：(1) check gate opening and closing time plan during current water delivery plan is made, it is full
Control system is required in the canal system operation scheduling on full border；(2) canal system water application efficiency is improved, reduces water resource waste；(3)
Improve the effect of canal system feedforward control action；(4) economic benefit of channel hydraulic pipeline is improved.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 the structural representation of present invention.
The control system architecture schematic diagram of Fig. 2 present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the invention will be further described, but not as a limitation of the invention.
The feed forward control method of gate opening/closing time is dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery as shown in Figure 2, and what the method was used is
System includes：One section of water delivery open channel and control system, canal section upstream and downstream is provided with check gate, and the conveyance canal section in downstream has intake, control
System processed includes sensor device 1, parameter input device 2, data center processing meanss 3, monitoring display device 4 and gate opening/closing
Device 5.Close to channel building, i.e., intake downstream is check gate or weir to intake, and current can be because the shadow of building
Ring and produce backwater, channel is divided into two sub- canal sections to consider by the backwater effect in canal pond by the theory of such as ID models
The gate open and close device of the check gate stated is connected with control system, and by IDZ models intake water intaking institute is preferably take into account
The sudden drawdown for causing, described control system input includes：Level sensor, check gate aperture are passed after upstream and downstream check gate lock
Sensor, consider on demand water distribution design feedforward rule after, control system be output as water-use efficiency it is higher when gate opening/closing when
Between, control system controls the unlatching of upstream and downstream check gate, and from parameter input device 2 the physics ginseng of channel, check gate gate is input into
The initiation parameter of number and control system is processed to data center processing meanss 3, in data center processing meanss 3 and carrys out autobiography
The Monitoring Data of sensor arrangement 1, performs logical calculated and the data analytical calculation of the control algolithm that gate time delay is opened and closed, and will monitor
Control instruction is exported to gate hoist 5 the keying operation for performing check gate on monitoring display device 4 for presentation of information.
Each module effect：
Sensor device 1：For obtaining water level and gatage information, including level sensor and lock after the lock of check gate
Door jaw opening sensor.
Parameter input device 2：For being input into some initialization datas of channel, check gate parameter and control system, specifically
For external connection keyboard.
Data center processing meanss 3：For providing the software and hardware running environment of control system, man-machine interface is set up, processed
Input information, carries out the data analysis and logical operation of gate time delay keying, to the instruction of the output control of gate hoist 5, tool
Body is programmable computer.
Monitoring display device 4 is used to monitoring, showing the running status of sensor device 1 and data center processing meanss 3, shows
Show input/output information, specially display.
Gate hoist 5 is used to perform the instruction that data center processing meanss 3 send, and operation check gate is opened to target
Degree, specially motor and transmission device.
System of the present invention can carry out automatic open close according to the gate opening/closing time to the gate of water delivery open channel, improve
Engineering safety and the efficiency and benefit of water delivery.
The method is comprised the following steps：
The step of step one, input control system parameter：For by parameter input device, arranging channel, check gate
The initiation parameter of physical parameter and control system, makes in advance water delivery operating mode, and downstream user water-supply method is fixed stream
Water is measured, i.e., the lock flow of distribution structure is fetched water or fixed using water pump；
The step of step 2, monitoring flow, water level and check gate aperture：For by the level sensor of check gate, section
Check jaw opening sensor, monitors water level and gatage after the lock of check gate；
Step 3, the lag time τ for obtaining channel ripples：
In irrigation canal and water diversion project, the response time of channel is generally defined as canal system by a stable shape
State is transitioned into the required time of another stable state, channel for the response time of step flow is divided into two portions
Point, i.e. lag time and rise time, lag time is exactly to start to discharge water to Channel of Downstream end from upstream to have observed flow
Elapsed time during rising；Rise time increases to the time used during the α % of target flow for downstream flow；
Step 4, determine intake opening time Tw：
In canal's moving feedforward control, the downstream water intaking time rings with the ripple that rises of upland water in the flow that downstream causes
Should correlation.In the operation of channel, upstream is supplied water can produce the descending ripple that rises, and downstream water intaking can cause up precipitation
Ripple, by two kinds of process linear superpositions, to obtain final water distribution process, in order to ensure channel downstream check gate after discharge not
Change, i.e., the intake before the check gate of downstream start water intaking after, upland water rise ripple and due to intake water intaking
Caused precipitation ripple is just equal, and the storage capacity of intake Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation, so as to most preferably be fetched water the time, that is, fetches water
The time T that mouth is openedw, to guarantee that channel storage capacity is balanced.
The storage capacity of intake Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation, i.e. upland water incrementss and downstream intake after intake water intaking
Water withdrawal flow it is equal, channel upstream output is exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream plus the water yield after intake, is
Ensure channel downstream without water is abandoned, in lag time τ to intake opening time TwIn this period, stream arrives many of intake downstream
The flow that residual current amount is reduced when just opening with intake is equal, and the storage capacity of intake Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation, as canal
The nothing in road abandons water running, can obtain following computing formula and be：
Tw=τ+tw,
In formula：
TwRepresent intake opening time；τ represents lag time；twRepresent lag time τ to intake opening time Tw's
This period；K is time constant, represents the time constant introduced in channel ripples communication process；KdIt is discharge coefficient, represents K
By the sensitiveness of channel downstream flow water level edge effect；KpIt is time constant, represents and introduced because downstream water draw rate changes
Time constant；A is the sudden drawdown caused when intake is fetched water；
Parameter acquiring：
1. parameter K, τ two is worth is affected by downstream boundary condition, can be according to water in channel geometric parameter and channel
Properties of flow is accurately calculated；Also dependent on field for the field data of upstream flowrate and downstream flow is determined, its
In the two parameters affected by backwater profile in channel；
2. parameter Kp, a can be recognized under the operating mode according under step flow rate working conditions by the method for emulation and parameter identification
Experimental data determining；
3. because time parameter K is affected to a greater extent by the sensitiveness on channel downstream flow water level border, adopt
Flow coefficient kdRepresent this sensitiveness, KdCan be according to formulaIt is determined that, the formula represents channel downstream initial flow
With the change of canal water depth, the Changing Pattern on channel downstream flow water level border is characterized；
In formula：Y is Characteristics of Water Depth in Channel；
Q0For channel initial flow；
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building pair
In the control mode of water level；If channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate, hydraulic automatism lock
Men Shi, downstream water level do not change substantially, i.e. Kd→ ∞, then Tw=τ+K, you can be calculated and risen in downstream flow
Increased flow 63% when start water intaking and then can ensure that to be without abandoning water running.
1st, computing formula explanation：
1.1 canal capacities respond analytic expression
In canal's moving feedforward control, the downstream water intaking time rings with the ripple that rises of upland water in the flow that downstream causes
Should be relevant.In the present invention, in open channel upland water, when the transmission function of the discharge process in canal Anywhere is similar to use
The first-order lag transmission function of match by moment method；Channel is divided into two sub- canal sections by the backwater effect in canal pond by ID model theories
To consider, and the impact of boundary condition is represented with K.
Then the discharge process analytical expression under step flow in channel Anywhere is：
Q (x, t)=1-e-[t-τ(x)]/K(x),
In formula：τ (x) is the lag time in canal pond at x；K (x) is the time constant at channel x.In actual use,
Two parameters can be recognized by the response under channel step operating mode.
1.2 linearisation canal system water distribution processes
Present invention primarily contemplates on demand water distribution design feedforward rule, i.e. canal's moving control are necessary to ensure that the water that upstream supplies
Just taken by downstream user, to ensure channel in storage capacity while keep balance, make to occur in water supply process to abandon water minimum.
In canal's moving, upstream is supplied water can produce the descending ripple that rises, and downstream is fetched water can cause up precipitation ripple, two kinds
The additive process of ripples is Nonlinear Superposition, and the present invention simplifies and supply water, fetched water according to the canal capacity response analytic expression for proposing
Journey is the process of linear superposition, finally by its linear superposition, to obtain final water distribution process, asks for most preferably fetching water the time.
The comprehensive operating mode of 1.3 canal water supplies water intaking
Consider that downstream user water-supply method is firm discharge water intaking in the present invention, i.e., fetched water using water pump or fixed distribution structure
Lock flow.
It is gradually increasing after lag time due to downstream flow, intake can not possibly rise what ripple had just reached in upstream
When begin to water intaking, need downstream flow increase a period of time after just start water intaking, i.e.,：
Work as t<During τ：
Work as τ<t<TwWhen：
Work as t>TwWhen：
In formula：
τ is lag time；
For the variable quantity in t of downstream flow；
δQuFor the output of upstream；
K is the time constant introduced in ripples communication process；
qw,0To start during water intaking, the changes in flow rate that channel downstream produces because of water intaking；
The sudden drawdown that a causes when fetching water for intake；
KpIt is the sizableness of the time parameter introduced because downstream water draw rate changes, its value and K, but what K was represented
It is the time constant introduced because of upland water changes in flow rate in canal pond, two values are affected by downstream boundary condition；
kdFor discharge coefficient, represent that K is subject to the sensitivity effects on channel downstream flow water level border.
In canal's moving scheduling, it should ensure that water is abandoned at least in downstream to greatest extent, i.e., upland water flows with downstream water intaking
Measure equal, i.e. qw,0=δ Qu, i.e.,：
In order to ensure downstream without water is abandoned, then the integration of this flow versus time should be zero, make tw=Tw- τ, is carried out to above formula
Integration, i.e.,：
This storage capacity I=0, i.e. channel upstream output are exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream, stream to bleeder downstream
The flow that excess traffic is reduced when just opening with bleeder is equal, and the storage capacity of bleeder Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation.
That is the nothing of channel abandons water running, and abbreviation formula is：
Above formula is obtained：
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building pair
In the control mode of water level, for example, when adopting water level controller in channel, its water level hardly changes, kd→ ∞, then may be used
：
Tw=τ+K,
When channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate, when Hydro-automatic gate or weir, then
Above-mentioned formula can proper t=TwBleeder is opened during=τ+K and starts water intaking, i.e.,
Start water intaking when downstream flow rises to the 63% of increased flow and then can ensure that to be that nothing abandons water running.
Claims (3)
1. the feed forward control method of gate time delay opening and closing time is dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery, it is characterised in that：What the method was used
System includes：One section of water delivery open channel and control system, canal section upstream and downstream is provided with check gate, and the conveyance canal section in downstream has intake,
Close to channel building, i.e., intake downstream is check gate or weir to intake, and current can be produced because of the impact of building
Raw backwater, the backwater effect in canal pond considered by the way that channel is divided into two sub- canal sections such as the theory of ID models as described in section
The gate open and close device of check is connected with control system, preferably take into account caused by intake water intaking by IDZ models
Sudden drawdown, described control system input includes：Level sensor, check gate jaw opening sensor after upstream and downstream check gate lock,
Consider on demand water distribution design feedforward rule after, control system be output as water-use efficiency it is higher when the gate opening/closing time, control
System processed controls the unlatching of upstream and downstream check gate, and the method is comprised the following steps：
The step of step one, input control system parameter：For by parameter input device, arranging channel, the physics of check gate
The initiation parameter of parameter and control system, makes in advance water delivery operating mode, and downstream user water-supply method takes for firm discharge
Water, i.e., fetch water or fix the lock flow of distribution structure using water pump；
The step of step 2, monitoring flow, water level and check gate aperture：For by the level sensor of check gate, check gate
Jaw opening sensor, monitors water level and gatage after the lock of check gate；
Step 3, the lag time τ for obtaining channel ripples：
In irrigation canal and water diversion project, the response time of channel is generally defined as canal system by a stable state mistake
Cross to the time required for another stable state, channel for the response time of step flow is divided into two parts, i.e.,
Lag time and rise time, lag time be exactly from upstream start to discharge water to Channel of Downstream end observed that flow rises when
Elapsed time；Rise time increases to the time used during the α % of target flow for downstream flow；
Step 4, determine intake opening time Tw：
In canal's moving feedforward control, the downstream water intaking time responds phase with the ripple that rises of upland water in the flow that downstream causes
Close；In the operation of channel, upstream is supplied water can produce the descending ripple that rises, and downstream water intaking can cause up precipitation ripple, will
Two kinds of process linear superpositions, to obtain final water distribution process, in order to ensure channel downstream check gate after discharge do not occur
Change, i.e., the intake before the check gate of downstream start water intaking after, upland water rise ripple and due to intake water intaking cause
Precipitation ripple it is just equal, the storage capacity of intake Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation, and so as to most preferably be fetched water the time, i.e., intake is beaten
The time T for openingw, to guarantee that channel storage capacity is balanced.
2. according to claim 1 the feed forward control method of gate time delay opening and closing time, its feature are dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery
It is：In the step 4, intake water intaking after intake Channel of Downstream storage capacity become cancellation, i.e. upland water incrementss with
The water withdrawal flow of downstream intake is equal, and channel upstream output is exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream plus after intake
The water yield, be ensure channel downstream without water is abandoned, in lag time τ to intake opening time TwIn this period, stream is to water intaking
The flow that the excess traffic in mouth downstream is reduced when just opening with intake is equal, and the storage capacity change of intake Channel of Downstream is turned to
Zero, the nothing of as channel abandons water running, can obtain following computing formula and be：
Tw=τ+tw,
In formula：
TwRepresent intake opening time；τ represents lag time；twRepresent lag time τ to intake opening time TwThis section
Time；K is time constant, represents the time constant introduced in channel ripples communication process；KdIt is discharge coefficient, represents that K receives canal
The sensitiveness of road downstream flow water level edge effect；KpTime constant, represent because downstream water draw rate change and introduce when
Between constant；A is the sudden drawdown caused when intake is fetched water；
Parameter acquiring：
1. parameter K, τ two is worth is affected by downstream boundary condition, can be special according to current in channel geometric parameter and channel
Property is accurately calculated；Also dependent on field for the field data of upstream flowrate and downstream flow is determined, wherein this
Two parameters are affected by backwater profile in channel；
2. parameter Kp, a the reality under the operating mode can be recognized by the method for emulation and parameter identification according under step flow rate working conditions
Test data to determine；
3. because time parameter K is affected to a greater extent by the sensitiveness on channel downstream flow water level border, using flow
COEFFICIENT KdRepresent this sensitiveness, KdCan be according to formulaIt is determined that, the formula represent channel downstream initial flow with
The change of canal water depth, characterizes the Changing Pattern on channel downstream flow water level border；
In formula：Y is Characteristics of Water Depth in Channel；
Q0For channel initial flow；
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building for water
The control mode of position；If channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate, Hydro-automatic gate
When, downstream water level does not change substantially, i.e. Kd→ ∞, then Tw=τ+K, you can be calculated and rise to institute in downstream flow
Increase flow 63% when start water intaking and then can ensure that to be without abandoning water running.
3. according to claim 2 the feed forward control method of gate time delay opening and closing time, its feature are dispatched in a kind of open channel water delivery
It is：Channel is divided into two sub- canal sections to consider by the backwater effect in canal pond by ID model theories, and represents border with K
The impact of condition, then the discharge process analytical expression under step flow in channel Anywhere be：
Q (x, t)=1-e-[t-τ(x)]/K(x),
In formula：τ (x) is the lag time in canal pond at x；K (x) is the time constant at channel x, in actual use, can be by
Response under channel step operating mode recognizes two parameters；
Be gradually increasing after lag time due to downstream flow, intake can not possibly upstream rise ripple just reach when
Water intaking is begun to, needs just to start water intaking after downstream flow increases a period of time, i.e.,：
Work as t<During τ：
Work as τ<t<TwWhen：
Work as t>TwWhen：
In formula：
τ is lag time；
For the variable quantity in t of downstream flow；
δQuFor the output of upstream；
K is the time constant introduced in ripples communication process；
qw,0To start during water intaking, the changes in flow rate that channel downstream produces because of water intaking；
The sudden drawdown that a causes when fetching water for intake；
KpIt is the sizableness of the time parameter that introduces, its value and K because downstream water draw rate changes, but it is canal pond that K represents
The middle time constant introduced because of upland water changes in flow rate, two values are affected by downstream boundary condition；
kdFor discharge coefficient, represent that K is subject to the sensitivity effects on channel downstream flow water level border；
In canal's moving scheduling, it should ensure that water is abandoned at least in downstream to greatest extent, i.e. upland water and downstream water draw rate phase
Deng i.e. qw,0=δ Qu, i.e.,：
In order to ensure downstream without water is abandoned, then the integration of this flow versus time should be zero, make tw=Tw- τ, is integrated to above formula,
I.e.：
This storage capacity I=0, i.e. channel upstream output are exactly equal to the water withdrawal in channel downstream, and stream arrives the unnecessary of bleeder downstream
The flow that flow is reduced when just opening with bleeder is equal, and the storage capacity of bleeder Channel of Downstream becomes cancellation,
That is the nothing of channel abandons water running, and abbreviation formula is：
Above formula is obtained：
This formula is represented and ensures that the water intaking time that storage capacity is balanced and changes intake depends primarily on downstream building for water
The control mode of position, for example, when adopting water level controller in channel, its water level hardly changes, kd→ ∞, then can obtain：
Tw=τ+K,
When channel downstream is effective water level controller, such as downstream constant level regulating gate when Hydro-automatic gate or weir, is then gone up
Stating formula can proper t=TwBleeder is opened during=τ+K and starts water intaking, i.e.,
Start water intaking when downstream flow rises to the 63% of increased flow and then can ensure that to be that nothing abandons water running.
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