CN106646617A - Seismic data acquisition method and seismic data acquisition device - Google Patents

Seismic data acquisition method and seismic data acquisition device Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106646617A
CN106646617A CN201611224463.1A CN201611224463A CN106646617A CN 106646617 A CN106646617 A CN 106646617A CN 201611224463 A CN201611224463 A CN 201611224463A CN 106646617 A CN106646617 A CN 106646617A
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China
Prior art keywords
well
recorder
ground
work area
purpose work
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CN201611224463.1A
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Chinese (zh)
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余刚
王熙明
张庆红
李彦鹏
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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China National Petroleum Corp
BGP Inc
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Priority to CN201611224463.1A priority Critical patent/CN106646617A/en
Publication of CN106646617A publication Critical patent/CN106646617A/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01VGEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
    • G01V1/00Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
    • G01V1/40Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting specially adapted for well-logging

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geophysics (AREA)
  • Geophysics And Detection Of Objects (AREA)

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a seismic data acquisition method and a seismic data acquisition device. The device comprises a bored well in a target work area, a plurality of ground earthquake sources, a plurality of ground detectors, a plurality of in-well sensors, a first recorder, a second recorder and a plurality of optical cables; the ground earthquake sources are arranged on the ground of the target work and used for for motivating seismic waves; the ground detectors are arranged on the ground of the target work area for acquiring ground seismic data; the in-well sensors are arranged in the well in the target work area for acquiring in-well seismic data; the in-well sensors adopt distributive vibrating sensing armored optical fibers or a three-component optical fiber detector array; the ground detectors are connected to the first recorder through the optical cables, and the in-well sensors are connected to the second recorder through the optical cables; the first recorder is used for recording the ground seismic data acquired by the ground detectors, and the second recorder is used for recording the in-well seismic data acquired by the in-well sensors. The seismic data acquisition method and the seismic data acquisition device can realize a well-ground combined seismic exploration data acquiring operation which is high in density, high in benefit and low in cost.

Description

A kind of seismic data acquisition method and device
Technical field
The application is related to applied geophysics exploration engineering field, more particularly to a kind of seismic data acquisition method and dress Put.
Background technology
System for acquiring seismic data in existing ground and well, uses general moving-coil type or digital ground list Moving-coil type three-component geophone array in component or three-component geophone and well, carries out well-ground combined synchronization gather ground and Geological data in well.Because moving-coil type three-component geophone weight is big in existing well, high cost, logging cable once most multipotency 100 grades of moving-coil type three-component geophones are transferred in well, gather geological data in the deep full well section well of thousands of rice need it is mobile or Above carry moving-coil type three-component geophone array in well and lift moving-coil type three-component geophone array in a well, ground for several times, often All artificial explosive source (for example:Explosive or weight or controlled source) point is accomplished by remotivating once, and this is not only caused The cost of the geological data of well ground Collect jointly is high, in the repetition of each focal point excites the energy it is difficult to ensure that exciting every time Amount is consistent, and frequency spectrum is consistent, and every secondary coupling on focus and ground is also completely the same.Therefore, existing general moving-coil type or numeral Moving-coil type three-component geophone array in formula ground simple component or three-component geophone and well carries out well-and ground combined synchronization is adopted The operation of geological data in collection ground and well hardly results in popularization and application.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the embodiment of the present application is to provide a kind of seismic data acquisition method and device, to realize high density, efficiently Combine seismic prospecting data collecting operation in the well of benefit, low cost-ground.
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, it is such reality that the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of seismic data acquisition method and device Existing:
A kind of seismic data acquisition device, including:The drilling well in purpose work area, multiple surface energy sources, multiple surface geophones, Multiple well inner sensors, the first recorder, the second recorder and a plurality of optical cable;
The surface energy source is arranged at the ground in the purpose work area, for earthquake-wave-exciting;
The surface geophone is arranged at the ground in the purpose work area, for gathering the earthquake on purpose work area ground Data;
The well inner sensor is arranged in the well in the purpose work area;The well inner sensor is used to gather the purpose Geological data in the well of work area;The well inner sensor is using distributed vibrating sensing armored optical cable or three-component optical fiber detector Array;
The surface geophone is connected with first recorder by the optical cable, the well inner sensor with it is described Second recorder is connected by the optical cable;
First recorder is used for the geological data on the purpose work area ground for recording the surface geophone collection, Second recorder is used to record the geological data in the purpose work area well of the well inner sensor collection.
In preferred version, first recorder and second recorder adopt phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer.
In preferred version, the plurality of surface energy source excites successively generation seismic wave.
In preferred version, the surface energy source is using any one in following:Dynamite source, weight focus, electric spark Focus, piezo-electric crystal focus, controlled source.
In preferred version, the spacing between the surface geophone is equal or unequal.
In preferred version, the spacing range between the surface geophone includes:1 meter~100 meters.
In preferred version, the plurality of well inner sensor is covered with the well of the purpose work area, between the well inner sensor Spacing it is equal or unequal.
In preferred version, the spacing range between the well inner sensor includes:1 meter~100 meters.
A kind of seismic data acquisition method, including:
Generation seismic wave is excited using surface energy source;The surface energy source is arranged at the ground in purpose work area;
The geological data on purpose work area ground is gathered using multiple surface geophones, and is sensed using in multiple wells Geological data in device collection purpose work area well;The well inner sensor adopts distributed vibrating sensing armored optical cable or three Component optical fiber detector array;
The geological data of surface geophone collection is recorded using the first recorder, is recorded in the well using the second recorder Geological data in the well of sensor collection.
In preferred version, the utilization surface energy source earthquake-wave-exciting includes:Surface energy source described in point-by-point excitation.
In preferred version, the plurality of well inner sensor is covered with the well of the purpose work area, between the well inner sensor Spacing it is equal or unequal.
The technical scheme provided from above the embodiment of the present application, the earthquake data acquisition dress that the embodiment of the present application is provided Put with acquisition method, by laying full well section well inner sensor in well, once can just gather in the well for completing full well section Geological data, i.e., need not equally move to moving-coil type three-component geophone array in well or above to carry gather for several times and complete complete Geological data in the well of well section.The seismic data acquisition device and acquisition method for being provided using the embodiment of the present application simultaneously can The all artificial explosive source for exciting ground need not be repeated, it is ensured that be not in energy that each focal point repeats to excite Inconsistent, frequency spectrum is inconsistent, the problem that the coupling on focus and ground is also not quite identical.When seismic data acquisition device has been laid Cheng Hou, it is only necessary to along the man-made explosion shot point point-by-point excitation that ground is pre-designed, it is possible to once collection complete ground and The high density geological data of joint exploration in well, increases substantially field well-and ground combined synchronization gathers the efficiency of geological data, Greatly reduce operating cost.High density, high efficiency, well-the ground joint seismic prospecting of low cost can be realized.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present application or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this Some embodiments described in application, for those of ordinary skill in the art, in the premise for not paying creative labor Under, can be with according to these other accompanying drawings of accompanying drawings acquisition.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of seismic data acquisition device one embodiment in the application;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of another embodiment of seismic data acquisition device in the application;
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the application seismic data acquisition method one embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of seismic data acquisition method and device.
In order that those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical scheme in the application, below in conjunction with the application reality The accompanying drawing in example is applied, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present application is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described enforcement Example is only some embodiments of the present application, rather than the embodiment of whole.Based on the embodiment in the application, this area is common The every other embodiment that technical staff is obtained under the premise of creative work is not made, should all belong to the application protection Scope.
The application provides a kind of embodiment of seismic data acquisition device.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of seismic data acquisition device one embodiment in the application.Fig. 2 is geological data in the application The schematic diagram of another embodiment of harvester.
See figures.1.and.2, the shake data acquisition unit can include:The drilling well 1 in purpose work area, the interior sensing of multiple wells Device 2, multiple surface geophones 3, multiple surface energy sources 4, a plurality of optical cable 5, the first recorder 6 and the second recorder 7.
In one embodiment, the plurality of surface energy source 4 can be arranged at the ground in the purpose work area.It is described many Individual surface energy source 4 can be used for earthquake-wave-exciting.The plurality of surface energy source 4 can successively excite generation seismic wave.
In one embodiment, the optical cable 5 can be replaced using cable, as long as realizing the transmission of data or signal .
In one embodiment, the surface energy source 4 is using any one in following:Dynamite source, weight focus, Spark source, piezo-electric crystal focus, controlled source.
In one embodiment, the plurality of surface geophone 3 can be arranged at the ground in the purpose work area.It is described Multiple surface geophones 3 can be used for gathering the geological data on purpose work area ground.The plurality of surface geophone 3 can be with Arranged according to default survey grid.Spacing between the surface geophone 3 can be with equal or unequal.The surface geophone Spacing range between 3 can include:1 meter~100 meters.
In one embodiment, the surface geophone 3 can adopt simple component or three-component moving-coil geophone, Can be using simple component or three-component digital geophone, can also be using simple component or three-component optical fiber detector.The ground Wave detector 3 can also be acceleration formula wave detector.
In one embodiment, the well inner sensor 2 can be arranged in the well in the purpose work area.In the well Sensor 2 can be used for gathering the geological data in the well of the purpose work area.The plurality of well inner sensor 2 can be covered with described In purpose work area drilling well 1.Spacing between the well inner sensor 2 can be with equal or unequal.Between the well inner sensor 2 Spacing range can include:1 meter~100 meters.
In one embodiment, with reference to Fig. 1, the well inner sensor 2 can adopt distributed vibrating sensing armouring light Cable.
In another embodiment, with reference to Fig. 2, the well inner sensor 2 can also adopt three-component optical fiber detector Array.
In one embodiment, the surface geophone 3 can be by the phase of the optical cable 5 with first recorder 6 Connection.The well inner sensor 2 can be connected with second recorder 7 by the optical cable 5.
In one embodiment, first recorder 6 and second recorder 7 can be arranged at the purpose work The ground in area.
In one embodiment, first recorder 6 can be used for recording the described of the collection of the surface geophone 3 The geological data on purpose work area ground.Second recorder 7 can be used for recording the mesh of the collection of well inner sensor 2 Work area well in geological data.
In another embodiment, first recorder and second recorder can be same recorder.
In one embodiment, first recorder 6 and second recorder 7 can adopt phase-sensitive light Time-domain reflectomer (i.e. Φ-OTDR).
When carrying out earthquake data acquisition operation, first the well inner sensor can be arranged along full well section in drilling well, and Surface geophone and multiple optical cables are arranged in the ground in purpose work area according to default survey grid.Surface energy source is once excited, and produces ground Seismic wave.The well inner sensor of the arrangement and surface geophone can distinguish geological data and surface seismic data in production wells. First recorder can record the geological data on the purpose work area ground of surface geophone collection, and described second Recorder can be used for recording the geological data in the purpose work area well of the collection of well inner sensor 2.
The embodiment of the present application also provides a kind of seismic data acquisition method.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of the application seismic data acquisition method one embodiment.With reference to Fig. 3, the geological data is adopted Diversity method may comprise steps of:
S101:Generation seismic wave is excited using surface energy source.
The surface energy source can be arranged at the ground in purpose work area.
The surface energy source can have multiple.
The surface energy source can be excited successively.
The surface energy source is using any one in following:Dynamite source, weight focus, spark source, piezo crystals Body focus, controlled source.
S102:The geological data on purpose work area ground is gathered using multiple surface geophones, and using multiple wells Geological data in inner sensor collection purpose work area well.
The well inner sensor can be arranged in the well in the purpose work area.Above-mentioned well inner sensor can have multiple.
The plurality of well inner sensor can be covered with the well of the purpose work area.
Spacing between the well inner sensor can be with equal or unequal.Spacing range between the well inner sensor Can include:1 meter~100 meters.
The well inner sensor can be using distributed vibrating sensing armored optical cable or three-component optical fiber detector array.
The surface geophone is arranged at the ground in the purpose work area.The surface geophone can be multiple, and Can be arranged according to default survey grid.Spacing between the surface geophone can be with equal or unequal.The ground inspection Spacing range between ripple device can include:1 meter~100 meters.
The surface geophone can be using simple component or three-component moving-coil geophone, it would however also be possible to employ simple component or three Component digital detector, can also be using simple component or three-component optical fiber detector.
S103:The geological data of surface geophone collection is recorded using the first recorder, institute is recorded using the second recorder State geological data in the well of well inner sensor collection.
First recorder and second recorder can be arranged at the ground in the purpose work area.First note Record instrument can be used for the geological data on the purpose work area ground for recording the surface geophone collection.Second recorder Can be used for recording the geological data in the purpose work area well of the well inner sensor collection.First recorder and institute Stating the second recorder can adopt phase-sensitive optical time domain reflectometer (i.e. Φ-OTDR).
In another embodiment, first recorder and second recorder can be same recorder.
In seismic data acquisition device and acquisition method that above-described embodiment is provided, by laying in well in full well section well Sensor, once can just gather geological data in the well for completing full well section, i.e., need not be to moving-coil type three component geophone in well Device array is equally moved or above carried and could gather for several times geological data in the well for completing full well section.Utilize the embodiment of the present application simultaneously The seismic data acquisition device and acquisition method of offer can be also without all artificial explosive source for repeating to excite ground, can To ensure to be not in that each focal point energy for repeating to excite is inconsistent, frequency spectrum is inconsistent, the coupling on focus and ground not yet On all four problem.After the completion of seismic data acquisition device is laid, it is only necessary to along the man-made explosion that ground is pre-designed Shot point point-by-point excitation, it is possible to which once collection completes the high density geological data of joint exploration in ground and well, significantly carries High field well-ground combined synchronization gathers the efficiency of geological data, greatly reduces operating cost.High density, efficiently can be realized Well-the ground joint seismic prospecting of rate, low cost.
Each embodiment in this specification is described by the way of progressive, identical similar portion between each embodiment Divide mutually referring to what each embodiment was stressed is the difference with other embodiment.Especially for system reality For applying example, because it is substantially similar to embodiment of the method, so description is fairly simple, related part is referring to embodiment of the method Part explanation.
Although depicting the application by embodiment, it will be appreciated by the skilled addressee that the application have it is many deformation and Change is without deviating from spirit herein, it is desirable to which appended claim includes these deformations and changes without deviating from the application's Spirit.

Claims (11)

1. a kind of seismic data acquisition device, it is characterised in that include:It is the drilling well in purpose work area, multiple surface energy sources, multiple Face wave detector, multiple well inner sensors, the first recorder, the second recorder and a plurality of optical cable;
The surface energy source is arranged at the ground in the purpose work area, for earthquake-wave-exciting;
The surface geophone is arranged at the ground in the purpose work area, for gathering the earthquake number on purpose work area ground According to;
The well inner sensor is arranged in the well in the purpose work area;The well inner sensor is used to gather the purpose work area Geological data in well;The well inner sensor is using distributed vibrating sensing armored optical cable or three-component optical fiber detector battle array Row;
The surface geophone is connected with first recorder by the optical cable, the well inner sensor and described second Recorder is connected by the optical cable;
First recorder is used for the geological data on the purpose work area ground for recording the surface geophone collection, described Second recorder is used to record the geological data in the purpose work area well of the well inner sensor collection.
2. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first recorder and second recorder adopt phase Position responsive type optical time domain reflectometer.
3. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of surface energy source excites successively generation seismic wave.
4. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the surface energy source is using any one in following:It is fried Medicine focus, weight focus, spark source, piezo-electric crystal focus, controlled source.
5. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that spacing between the surface geophone is equal or not phase Deng.
6. device according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the spacing range between the surface geophone includes:1 meter ~100 meters.
7. device according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the plurality of well inner sensor is covered with purpose work area well Interior, the spacing between the well inner sensor is equal or unequal.
8. device according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the spacing range between the well inner sensor includes:1 meter ~100 meters.
9. a kind of seismic data acquisition method, it is characterised in that include:
Generation seismic wave is excited using surface energy source;The surface energy source is arranged at the ground in purpose work area;
The geological data on purpose work area ground is gathered using multiple surface geophones, and is adopted using multiple well inner sensors Collect the geological data in the well of the purpose work area;The well inner sensor is using distributed vibrating sensing armored optical cable or three-component Optical fiber detector array;
The geological data of surface geophone collection is recorded using the first recorder, is recorded in the well using the second recorder and is sensed Geological data in the well of device collection.
10. method according to claim 9, it is characterised in that the utilization surface energy source earthquake-wave-exciting includes:Pointwise Excite the surface energy source.
11. methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that the plurality of well inner sensor is covered with the purpose work area In well, the spacing between the well inner sensor is equal or unequal.
CN201611224463.1A 2016-12-27 2016-12-27 Seismic data acquisition method and seismic data acquisition device Pending CN106646617A (en)

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Cited By (6)

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CN110095809A (en) * 2019-06-13 2019-08-06 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 Optical fiber time-frequency electromagnetism and four component earthquake data acquisition device and method in well
CN110749922A (en) * 2018-07-24 2020-02-04 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Optical fiber micro-seismic monitoring device and well entry method of optical fiber micro-seismic monitoring instrument
CN111880270A (en) * 2020-07-09 2020-11-03 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 VSP optical cable downhole device, oil-gas exploration system and downhole method
CN112162312A (en) * 2020-10-01 2021-01-01 中国海洋大学 Optical fiber multi-channel seismic system for detecting stratum shear wave velocity structure in ultra-shallow sea area
CN113775330A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-10 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 High-temperature geothermal field comprehensive geophysical exploration system and geothermal dessert area evaluation method
WO2023010774A1 (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 Optical-fiber intelligent geophysical data acquisition system for shale oil and gas, and acquisition method

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CN105319597A (en) * 2014-07-31 2016-02-10 中国石油化工股份有限公司 Borehole seismic receiving system data recording method
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CN110749922B (en) * 2018-07-24 2022-03-29 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Optical fiber micro-seismic monitoring device and well entry method of optical fiber micro-seismic monitoring instrument
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CN112162312A (en) * 2020-10-01 2021-01-01 中国海洋大学 Optical fiber multi-channel seismic system for detecting stratum shear wave velocity structure in ultra-shallow sea area
CN112162312B (en) * 2020-10-01 2021-07-30 中国海洋大学 Optical fiber multi-channel seismic system for detecting stratum shear wave velocity structure in ultra-shallow sea area
WO2023010774A1 (en) * 2021-08-02 2023-02-09 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 Optical-fiber intelligent geophysical data acquisition system for shale oil and gas, and acquisition method
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GB2614196B (en) * 2021-08-02 2024-01-03 Bgp Inc China Nat Pet Corp Optical-fiber intelligent geophysical data acquisition system for shale oil and gas, and acquisition method
CN113775330A (en) * 2021-09-23 2021-12-10 中油奥博(成都)科技有限公司 High-temperature geothermal field comprehensive geophysical exploration system and geothermal dessert area evaluation method
CN113775330B (en) * 2021-09-23 2023-12-19 中国石油集团东方地球物理勘探有限责任公司 Comprehensive geophysical exploration system for high-temperature geothermal field and geothermal dessert area evaluation method

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