CN106646262A - Power battery capacity estimation method, power battery capacity estimation system, and electric vehicle - Google Patents
Power battery capacity estimation method, power battery capacity estimation system, and electric vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN106646262A CN106646262A CN201710002151.4A CN201710002151A CN106646262A CN 106646262 A CN106646262 A CN 106646262A CN 201710002151 A CN201710002151 A CN 201710002151A CN 106646262 A CN106646262 A CN 106646262A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/385—Arrangements for measuring battery or accumulator variables
- G01R31/387—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC
- G01R31/388—Determining ampere-hour charge capacity or SoC involving voltage measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/36—Arrangements for testing, measuring or monitoring the electrical condition of accumulators or electric batteries, e.g. capacity or state of charge [SoC]
- G01R31/396—Acquisition or processing of data for testing or for monitoring individual cells or groups of cells within a battery
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/48—Accumulators combined with arrangements for measuring, testing or indicating the condition of cells, e.g. the level or density of the electrolyte
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a power battery capacity estimation method, a power battery capacity estimation system, and an electric vehicle The power battery capacity estimation method is advantageous in that the on-line estimation of the power battery capacity of the electric vehicle is realized based on a principle that voltage variable quantities of batteries, the aging degrees of which are different, are consistent with SOC variable quantities under the condition of the same charging current, and the fully-charging and the fully-discharging operation of the power battery are not required by the estimation process, and the efficiency of the estimation of the current capacity of the power battery is high.
Description
Technical field
The application is related to new-energy automobile field, more particularly, it relates to a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, system
And electric automobile.
Background technology
Electric automobile refers to the motor vehicles using electrokinetic cell as all or part of power resources, including pure electric automobile
With the species such as hybrid vehicle, electric automobile with its institute using energy relative clean, discharge less, low noise and other advantages become existing
The present solves the energy, the first-selection of environmental problem, and this also causes the demand of electric automobile more and more big, becomes sending out for auto industry future
One of exhibition direction.
Electrokinetic cell as electric automobile power resources, the actual capacity of its own be characterize its course continuation mileage it is important
Parameter, is also to weigh one of outstanding feature that electrokinetic cell is decayed with degree of aging.To the reality of electrokinetic cell in prior art
Volume test is concentrated mainly on power battery pack and puts into before electric automobile, and its purpose is mainly the rated capacity to electrokinetic cell
Demarcated.But but do not have effective method in the state of not dismantling (in wire during electrokinetic cell dispatches from the factory use
Under state) measure of actual capacity is carried out, therefore, how the capacity of on-line measurement electrokinetic cell becomes electric automobile field urgently solves
Problem certainly.
The content of the invention
To solve above-mentioned technical problem, the invention provides a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, system and electronic vapour
Car, to realize the purpose of the capacity of on-line measurement electrokinetic cell.
To realize above-mentioned technical purpose, following technical scheme is embodiments provided：
A kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, is applied to electric automobile, and the electric automobile includes electrokinetic cell, described
Electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, and the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method includes：
With a cell as detection object, the charging temperature of the detection object is obtained after commencing signal is obtained
Temperature range belonging to degree；
The voltage for recording the detection object rises to the first charging interval needed for the second preset value from the first preset value；
The first presetting database is inquired about, charging temperature is in institute when obtaining the rated capacity and initial charge of the detection object
Under stating temperature range state, the voltage of the detection object rises to the preset charged needed for the second preset value from the first preset value
Time, the rated capacity and the cell charging temperature of the cell that is stored with first presetting database
Under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
First charging interval and preset charged time are substituted into into preset formula, is calculated and is obtained working as the detection object
Front capacity, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents the current capacities of the cell, and Q0 represents institute
The rated capacity of cell is stated, T1 is the preset charged time, and T2 is first charging interval；
Judge whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if it is not, then with the power
Another cell of battery is detection object, obtains the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the detection object, and is returned
Return record the voltage of the detection object from the first preset value rise to the first charging interval needed for the second preset value the step of；
If it is, using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as the electrokinetic cell
Current capacities, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
Preferably, the capacity to the electrokinetic cell be updated including：
Minima using the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell determines whether as estimated capacity
Estimate first, if it is, calculating the difference and the power current of the estimated capacity and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of the rated capacity in pond, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then utilizing the estimated capacity to move
The mode of dynamic smothing filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then calculating the difference and the electrokinetic cell of the estimated capacity and last time estimated capacity in estimation history
Rated capacity ratio, and the ratio is judged whether more than default ratio, if it is not, then using the estimated capacity with movement
The mode of smothing filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell.
Preferably, the span of the default ratio is 10% ± 1%, including endpoint value.
Preferably, the minima of the current capacities of all cells using the electrokinetic cell is used as the power
The current capacities of battery, and the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is updated including：
After end signal is received, using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as
The current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
Preferably, the commencing signal is to start to charge up signal.
A kind of electrokinetic cell volume calculation system, is applied to electric automobile, and the electric automobile includes electrokinetic cell, described
Electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, and the electrokinetic cell volume calculation system includes：
First temperature acquiring unit, for a cell as detection object, obtaining after commencing signal is obtained
Take the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell；
Charging interval recording unit, the voltage for recording the detection object rises to second and presets from the first preset value
The first charging interval needed for value；
Query unit, for inquiring about the first presetting database, obtains the rated capacity and initial charge of the cell
When charging temperature again under the temperature range state, its voltage default fills from what the first preset value rose to needed for the second preset value
Electric time, the rated capacity of the cell that is stored with first presetting database and the cell charge warm
Spend under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
Computing unit, for first charging interval and preset charged time to be substituted into into preset formula, calculates and obtains institute
The current capacities of cell are stated, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents working as the cell
Front capacity, Q0 represents the rated capacity of the cell, and T1 is the preset charged time, when T2 is the described first charging
Between；
Judging unit, for judging whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if not,
Then another cell with the electrokinetic cell obtains the temperature belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell as detection object
Degree is interval, and returns the charging interval recording unit；If it is, with the current appearance of all cells of the electrokinetic cell
Used as the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated the minima of amount.
Preferably, the judging unit includes：
First computing module, for using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as estimating
Capacity is calculated, determines whether to estimate first, if it is, calculating the estimated capacity with the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of difference and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then utilizing
The estimated capacity is updated in the way of gliding smoothing filtering to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then into the second computing module；
Second computing module, for calculate the estimated capacity with estimation history in last time estimated capacity difference with
The ratio of the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then being estimated using described
Calculate capacity to be updated the capacity of the electrokinetic cell in the way of gliding smoothing filtering.
Preferably, the span of the default ratio is 10% ± 1%, including endpoint value.
Preferably, the commencing signal is to start to charge up signal.
A kind of electric automobile, including at least one electrokinetic cell volume calculation system as described in above-mentioned any embodiment.
From above-mentioned technical proposal as can be seen that embodiments providing a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, being
System and electric automobile, inventor research find, in the charging process of electrokinetic cell, when electrokinetic cell charging temperature belonging to
When temperature range is different, the charging current of electrokinetic cell is different.Only it is to be understood that the humidity province belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell
Between it is known that the charging current of electrokinetic cell；In addition, under conditions of charging current is consistent, the power of different degree of agings
The voltage of battery is directly proportional with the dump energy (State of Charge, SOC) of the electrokinetic cell, when different degree of agings
Electrokinetic cell voltage variety it is identical when, their SOC variable quantities are also identical, are accumulated according to this principle and ampere-hour
Divide formulaPreset formula Q1=T2/T1 × Q0 is obtained, from preset formula as can be seen that when the electrokinetic cell
The charging current of a certain cell is identical and voltage variety identical under the premise of, it is only necessary under knowing current state, institute
State first charging interval of the voltage of cell by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value, and monomer electricity
The preset charged time when rated capacity and initial charge in pond by voltage by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value
The current capacities of the cell are calculated using the preset formula, the current appearance to the cell is realized
The estimation of amount, when the current capacities of cell of all electrokinetic cells are estimated, using minima therein as institute
The current capacities of electrokinetic cell are stated, the estimation of the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell is realized.
The mesh of the current capacities of electrokinetic cell described in estimation on line is realized using the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
, and the electrokinetic cell need not be carried out full full of the operation put, the estimation to the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell
Efficiency it is higher.
Description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, below will be to embodiment or existing
The accompanying drawing to be used needed for having technology description is briefly described, it should be apparent that, drawings in the following description are only this
Inventive embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, on the premise of not paying creative work, can be with basis
The accompanying drawing of offer obtains other accompanying drawings.
A kind of schematic flow sheet of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method that Fig. 1 is provided for one embodiment of the application；
A kind of voltage-SOC the graphs of a relation of electrokinetic cell that Fig. 2 is provided for one embodiment of the application；
A kind of voltage-vs-time graph of a relation of electrokinetic cell that Fig. 3 is provided for one embodiment of the application；
Fig. 4 a kind of is entered with gliding smoothing filtering mode for what one embodiment of the application was provided to the capacity of electrokinetic cell
The schematic diagram that row updates；
Fig. 5 utilizes the current of the electrokinetic cell to different Life Cycles of the invention for what one embodiment of the application was provided
Result and the contrast schematic diagram of the actual measurement capacity of electrokinetic cell that capacity is estimated；
A kind of structural representation of electrokinetic cell volume calculation system that Fig. 6 is provided for one embodiment of the application.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out clear, complete
Site preparation is described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the invention, rather than the embodiment of whole.It is based on
Embodiment in the present invention, it is every other that those of ordinary skill in the art are obtained under the premise of creative work is not made
Embodiment, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, is applied to electric automobile, the electronic vapour
Car includes electrokinetic cell, and the electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, as shown in figure 1, the electrokinetic cell volume calculation
Method includes：
S101：With a cell as detection object, after commencing signal is obtained the detection object is obtained
Temperature range belonging to charging temperature；
S102：Record the voltage of the detection object and the first charging needed for the second preset value is risen to from the first preset value
Time；
S103：The first presetting database is inquired about, charge temperature when the rated capacity and initial charge that obtain the detection object
Under the temperature range state, the voltage of the detection object rises to pre- needed for the second preset value degree from the first preset value
If the charging interval, the rated capacity and the cell of the cell that is stored with first presetting database are filled
Electro-temperature under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
S104：First charging interval and preset charged time are substituted into into preset formula, the acquisition detection is calculated right
The current capacities of elephant, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents the current capacities of the cell, Q0
The rated capacity of the cell is represented, T1 is the preset charged time, and T2 is first charging interval；
S105：Judge whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if it is not, then with described
Another cell of electrokinetic cell is detection object, obtains the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the detection object,
And the voltage of detection object described in return recording rises to the first charging interval needed for the second preset value from the first preset value
Step；If it is, using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as the electrokinetic cell
Current capacities, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
It should be noted that the commencing signal can be the signal of the electric automobile extrapolation charging triggering, it is also possible to
It is signal that the triggering mode of programmable button by the electric automobile sends.When the commencing signal is the electric automobile
During the signal of extrapolation charging triggering, then the electrokinetic cell volume calculation can be all triggered when the electric automobile extrapolation charges
Method is estimated the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell of the electric automobile.When the commencing signal is the electric automobile
During the signal that the triggering mode of programmable button sends, then just can touch after the user of the electric automobile triggers the programmable button
Send out electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method described and the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell of the electric automobile are estimated.The application couple
The concrete triggering mode of the commencing signal is not limited, concrete depending on practical situation.
Also, it should be noted that inventor's research finds, in the charging process of electrokinetic cell, when the charging of electrokinetic cell
When temperature range belonging to temperature is different, the charging current of electrokinetic cell is different, by taking certain ternary material battery as an example, works as charging
At temperature range [- 10 DEG C -0 DEG C], its charging current is I1 to temperature, when charging temperature is at temperature range [0 DEG C -45 DEG C],
Its charging current is I2, and when charging temperature is at temperature range [45 DEG C -55 DEG C], its charging current is I3.It follows that we
Only it is to be understood that the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell is it is known that the charging current of electrokinetic cell, electric charging
Under conditions of stream is consistent, dump energy (the State of of the voltage of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings and the electrokinetic cell
Charge, SOC) it is directly proportional, when the voltage variety of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings is identical, their SOC variable quantities
It is also identical, as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 3 is the monomer of different Life Cycles when charging temperature is at temperature range [0 DEG C -45 DEG C]
The voltage ascending curve of battery, wherein, the Life Cycle refers to the discharge and recharge number of times of the cell.From Fig. 3 we
Find out under conditions of identical charging current, the charging interval of the cell of different degree of agings by needed for U1 rises to U2
It is different, this time just reflects the actual capacity of the cell of different degree of agings.Therefore, we can be according to not
When identical with the voltage variety of the electrokinetic cell of degree of aging, their SOC variable quantities be also this principle of identical and
Ampere-hour integral formulaPreset formula Q1=T2/T1 × Q0 is obtained, from preset formula as can be seen that working as the power
The charging current of a certain cell of battery is identical and voltage variety identical under the premise of, it is only necessary to know current state
Under, the first charging interval of the voltage of the cell by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value, and it is described
By voltage, default by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value is filled when the rated capacity and initial charge of cell
The electric time calculates the current capacities of the cell using the preset formula, realizes to the cell
The estimation of current capacities, when the current capacities of cell of all electrokinetic cells are estimated, with minima therein
As the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, the estimation of the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell is realized.
The mesh of the current capacities of electrokinetic cell described in estimation on line is realized using the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
, and the electrokinetic cell need not be carried out full full of the operation put, the estimation to the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell
Efficiency it is higher.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in another embodiment of the application, the appearance to the electrokinetic cell
Amount be updated including：
Minima using the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell determines whether as estimated capacity
Estimate first, if it is, calculating the difference and the power current of the estimated capacity and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of the rated capacity in pond, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then utilizing the estimated capacity to move
The mode of dynamic smothing filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then calculating the difference and the electrokinetic cell of the estimated capacity and last time estimated capacity in estimation history
Rated capacity ratio, and the ratio is judged whether more than default ratio, if it is not, then using the estimated capacity with movement
The mode of smothing filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell.
In the present embodiment, the estimated capacity is only just utilized in the case where the ratio is less than the default ratio
The purpose being updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell in the way of gliding smoothing filtering is to avoid the idol due to estimation process
So there is the situation appearance that wrong data is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell caused by mistake in factor, increased described
The stability of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method.
It should be noted that in one embodiment of the application, the span of the default ratio is 10% ±
1%, including endpoint value.Preferably, the value of the default ratio can be 10%.It may also be 9% or 11% or other
Value.The application is not limited the concrete value and span of the default ratio, concrete depending on practical situation.
It is described the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is updated as shown in Figure 4 in the way of gliding smoothing filtering：
According to storehouse FIFO principle, the estimated capacity Q obtained with this estimation process substitutes Qn, Qn Qn-1
Substitute, until Q1 substitutes Q0, Q0 exits calculating circulation.Q0-Qn in Fig. 4 is represented and is utilized the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
The history estimation result carried out to the cell, result Qn that n-th estimation is obtained is first n-1 time average, i.e. Qn
=(Q0+Q1+ ...+Qn-1)/n.Filter factor in using gliding smoothing filtering is the dimension of array in storehouse (i.e.
Open ended history estimation result number).
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in another embodiment of the application, the filtering of the gliding smoothing filtering
The value lower limit of coefficient is one week inner capacitiess update times, this is because required for the change of the degree of aging of the electrokinetic cell
Time it is general longer, frequently the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is significantly updated without practical significance.Therefore institute
State filter factor and typically take higher value, so described estimated capacity enters the impact of the capacity after storehouse to the electrokinetic cell not
Can be especially big, it is to avoid the situation for frequently significantly updating the electrokinetic cell occurs.The value upper limit of the filter factor by
Depending on the storage capacity of the hardware system for implementing the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method.
It is described with the electrokinetic cell in a preferred embodiment of the application on the basis of above-described embodiment
The minima of the current capacities of all cells as the electrokinetic cell current capacities, and to the appearance of the electrokinetic cell
Amount be updated including：
After end signal is received, using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as
The current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
Likewise, the end signal can be the charging electric vehicle completes signal, can also be by the electricity
The signal that the triggering of another programmable button of electrical automobile sends.The application does not do to the concrete triggering mode of the end signal
Limit, it is concrete depending on practical situation.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in a specific embodiment of the application, we utilize the electrokinetic cell
Capacity estimation method carries out estimating the current of the electrokinetic cell for obtaining estimation to the electrokinetic cell of different Life Cycle number of times
Capacity is surveyed after capacity with it again to be contrasted, comparing result is as shown in figure 5, as can be seen from Figure 5 utilize the power current
Tankage evaluation method estimates the carrying out of the cell current capacities and its actual appearance of the electrokinetic cell of acquisition
The tendency of amount is consistent, and the carrying out of the cell is estimated described in acquisition using the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
Error between the current capacities of electrokinetic cell and its actual capacity is less, can meet the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell
Estimation require.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of electrokinetic cell volume calculation system, is applied to electric automobile, institute
Electric automobile is stated including electrokinetic cell, the electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, as shown in fig. 6, the electrokinetic cell
Volume calculation system includes：
First temperature acquiring unit 100, for a cell as detection object, after commencing signal is obtained
Obtain the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell；
Charging interval recording unit 200, the voltage for recording the detection object rises to second from the first preset value
The first charging interval needed for preset value；
Query unit 300, for inquiring about the first presetting database, obtains the rated capacity of the cell and fills first
Again under the temperature range state, its voltage rises to default needed for the second preset value charging temperature from the first preset value when electric
Charging interval, the rated capacity of the cell that is stored with first presetting database and the cell charge
Temperature under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
Computing unit 400, for first charging interval and preset charged time to be substituted into into preset formula, calculates and obtains
The current capacities of the cell, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents the cell
Current capacities, Q0 represents the rated capacity of the cell, and T1 is the preset charged time, when T2 is the described first charging
Between；
Judging unit 500, for judging whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if
No, then another cell with the electrokinetic cell is obtained belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell as detection object
Temperature range, and return the charging interval recording unit 200；If it is, with all cells of the electrokinetic cell
Current capacities minima as the electrokinetic cell current capacities, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
It should be noted that the commencing signal can be the signal of the electric automobile extrapolation charging triggering, it is also possible to
It is signal that the triggering mode of programmable button by the electric automobile sends.When the commencing signal is the electric automobile
During the signal of extrapolation charging triggering, then the electrokinetic cell volume calculation can be all triggered when the electric automobile extrapolation charges
Method is estimated the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell of the electric automobile.When the commencing signal is the electric automobile
During the signal that the triggering mode of programmable button sends, then just can touch after the user of the electric automobile triggers the programmable button
Send out electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method described and the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell of the electric automobile are estimated.The application couple
The concrete triggering mode of the commencing signal is not limited, concrete depending on practical situation.
Also, it should be noted that inventor's research finds, in the charging process of electrokinetic cell, when the charging of electrokinetic cell
When temperature range belonging to temperature is different, the charging current of electrokinetic cell is different, by taking certain ternary material battery as an example, works as charging
At temperature range [- 10 DEG C -0 DEG C], its charging current is I1 to temperature, when charging temperature is at temperature range [0 DEG C -45 DEG C],
Its charging current is I2, and when charging temperature is at temperature range [45 DEG C -55 DEG C], its charging current is I3.It follows that we
Only it is to be understood that the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell is it is known that the charging current of electrokinetic cell, electric charging
Under conditions of stream is consistent, dump energy (the State of of the voltage of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings and the electrokinetic cell
Charge, SOC) it is directly proportional, when the voltage variety of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings is identical, their SOC variable quantities
It is also identical, as shown in Figure 2.Fig. 3 is the monomer of different cycle lives when charging temperature is at temperature range [0 DEG C -45 DEG C]
The voltage ascending curve of battery, wherein, the cycle life refers to the discharge and recharge number of times of the cell.From Fig. 3 we
Find out under conditions of identical charging current, the charging interval of the cell of different degree of agings by needed for U1 rises to U2
It is different, this time just reflects the actual capacity of the cell of different degree of agings.Therefore, we can be according to not
When identical with the voltage variety of the electrokinetic cell of degree of aging, their SOC variable quantities be also this principle of identical and
Ampere-hour integral formulaPreset formula Q1=T2/T1 × Q0 is obtained, from preset formula as can be seen that working as the power
The charging current of a certain cell of battery is identical and voltage variety identical under the premise of, it is only necessary to know current state
Under, the first charging interval of the voltage of the cell by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value, and it is described
By voltage, default by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value is filled when the rated capacity and initial charge of cell
The electric time calculates the current capacities of the cell using the preset formula, realizes to the cell
The estimation of current capacities, when the current capacities of cell of all electrokinetic cells are estimated, with minima therein
As the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, the estimation of the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell is realized.
The mesh of the current capacities of electrokinetic cell described in estimation on line is realized using the electrokinetic cell volume calculation system
, and the electrokinetic cell need not be carried out full full of the operation put, the estimation to the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell
Efficiency it is higher.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in one embodiment of the application, the judging unit 500 includes：
First computing module, for using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as estimating
Capacity is calculated, determines whether to estimate first, if it is, calculating the estimated capacity with the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of difference and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then utilizing
The estimated capacity is updated in the way of gliding smoothing filtering to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then into the second computing module；
Second computing module, for calculate the estimated capacity with estimation history in last time estimated capacity difference with
The ratio of the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then being estimated using described
Calculate capacity to be updated the capacity of the electrokinetic cell in the way of gliding smoothing filtering.
In the present embodiment, the estimated capacity is only just utilized in the case where the ratio is less than the default ratio
The purpose being updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell in the way of gliding smoothing filtering is to avoid the idol due to estimation process
So there is the situation appearance that wrong data is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell caused by mistake in factor, increased described
The stability of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method.
It should be noted that in one embodiment of the application, the span of the default ratio is 10% ±
1%, including endpoint value.Preferably, the value of the default ratio can be 10%.It may also be 9% or 11% or other
Value.The application is not limited the concrete value and span of the default ratio, concrete depending on practical situation.
It is described the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is updated as shown in Figure 4 in the way of gliding smoothing filtering：
According to storehouse FIFO principle, the estimated capacity Q obtained with this estimation process substitutes Qn, Qn Qn-1
Substitute, until Q1 substitutes Q0, Q0 exits calculating circulation.Q0-Qn in Fig. 4 is represented and is utilized the electrokinetic cell volume calculation system
The history estimation result carried out to the cell, result Qn that n-th estimation is obtained is first n-1 time average, i.e. Qn
=(Q0+Q1+ ...+Qn-1)/n.Filter factor in using gliding smoothing filtering is the dimension of array in storehouse (i.e.
Open ended history estimation result number).
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in another embodiment of the application, the filtering of the gliding smoothing filtering
The value lower limit of coefficient is one week inner capacitiess update times, this is because required for the change of the degree of aging of the electrokinetic cell
Time it is general longer, frequently the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is significantly updated without practical significance.Therefore institute
State filter factor and typically take higher value, so described estimated capacity enters the impact of the capacity after storehouse to the electrokinetic cell not
Can be especially big, it is to avoid the situation for frequently significantly updating the electrokinetic cell occurs.The value upper limit of the filter factor by
Depending on the storage capacity of the hardware system for implementing the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in a preferred embodiment of the application, the judging unit 500 is specifically used
In judging whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if it is not, then with the electrokinetic cell
Another cell is detection object, obtains the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell, and is returned described
Charging interval recording unit 200；
If it is, after end signal is received, with the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell
Used as the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated minima.
Likewise, the end signal can be the charging electric vehicle completes signal, can also be by the electricity
The signal that the triggering of another programmable button of electrical automobile sends.The application does not do to the concrete triggering mode of the end signal
Limit, it is concrete depending on practical situation.
On the basis of above-described embodiment, in a specific embodiment of the application, we utilize the electrokinetic cell
Volume calculation system carries out estimating the current of the electrokinetic cell for obtaining estimation to the electrokinetic cell of different Life Cycle number of times
Capacity is surveyed after capacity with it again to be contrasted, comparing result is as shown in figure 5, as can be seen from Figure 5 utilize the power current
Tankage estimating system estimates the carrying out of the cell current capacities and its actual appearance of the electrokinetic cell of acquisition
Tendency between amount is consistent, and estimates acquisition to the carrying out of the cell using the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
The current capacities of the electrokinetic cell are less with the error of its actual capacity, can meet the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell
Estimation require.
Accordingly, the embodiment of the present application additionally provides a kind of electric automobile, and the electric automobile includes arbitrary reality as described above
Apply the electrokinetic cell volume calculation system described in example.
In sum, the embodiment of the present application provides a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, system and electric automobile, sends out
Person of good sense's research finds, in the charging process of electrokinetic cell, when the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell is different,
The charging current of electrokinetic cell is different.Only it is to be understood that the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell is it is known that power
The charging current of battery；In addition, under conditions of charging current is consistent, the voltage of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings with it is described
The dump energy (State of Charge, SOC) of electrokinetic cell is directly proportional, when the voltage of the electrokinetic cell of different degree of agings
When variable quantity is identical, their SOC variable quantities are also identical, according to this principle and ampere-hour integral formula
Preset formula Q1=T2/T1 × Q0 is obtained, from preset formula as can be seen that when a certain cell of the electrokinetic cell fills
Electric current is identical and voltage variety identical under the premise of, it is only necessary under knowing current state, the voltage of the cell
The first charging interval by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value, and the rated capacity and head of the cell
Preset charged time during secondary charging by voltage by needed for the first preset value rises to the second preset value is i.e. using described default
Formula calculates the current capacities of the cell, realizes the estimation of the current capacities to the cell, works as estimation
During the current capacities of the cell for going out all electrokinetic cells, using minima therein as the current of the electrokinetic cell
Capacity, realizes the estimation of the current capacities to the electrokinetic cell.
The mesh of the current capacities of electrokinetic cell described in estimation on line is realized using the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method
, and the electrokinetic cell need not be carried out full full of the operation put, the estimation to the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell
Efficiency it is higher.
Each embodiment is described by the way of progressive in this specification, and what each embodiment was stressed is and other
The difference of embodiment, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The foregoing description of the disclosed embodiments, enables professional and technical personnel in the field to realize or using the present invention.
Various modifications to these embodiments will be apparent for those skilled in the art, as defined herein
General Principle can be realized in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, the present invention
The embodiments shown herein is not intended to be limited to, and is to fit to and principles disclosed herein and features of novelty phase one
The most wide scope for causing.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method, it is characterised in that be applied to electric automobile, the electric automobile includes power
Battery, the electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, and the electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method includes：
With a cell as detection object, the charging temperature institute of the detection object is obtained after commencing signal is obtained
The temperature range of category；
The voltage for recording the detection object rises to the first charging interval needed for the second preset value from the first preset value；
The first presetting database is inquired about, charging temperature is in the temperature when obtaining the rated capacity and initial charge of the detection object
Under degree state of section, the voltage of the detection object from the first preset value rise to the preset charged needed for the second preset value when
Between, the rated capacity and the cell charging temperature of the cell that is stored with first presetting database exist
Under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
First charging interval and preset charged time are substituted into into preset formula, the current appearance for obtaining the detection object is calculated
Amount, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents the current capacities of the cell, and Q0 represents the list
The rated capacity of body battery, T1 is the preset charged time, and T2 is first charging interval；
Judge whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if it is not, then with the electrokinetic cell
Another cell be detection object, obtain the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of the detection object, and return note
Record the voltage of the detection object from the first preset value rise to the first charging interval needed for the second preset value the step of；
If it is, working as using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as the electrokinetic cell
Front capacity, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
2. electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described to the electrokinetic cell
Capacity be updated including：
Minima using the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell determines whether first as estimated capacity
Estimation, if it is, calculating the difference and the electrokinetic cell of the estimated capacity and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of rated capacity, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then using the estimated capacity with mobile flat
The mode of sliding filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then calculating the estimated capacity with the difference of last time estimated capacity in estimation history and the volume of the electrokinetic cell
The ratio of constant volume, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then using the estimated capacity with gliding smoothing
The mode of filtering is updated to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell.
3. electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the value model of the default ratio
Enclose for 10% ± 1%, including endpoint value.
4. electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described with the electrokinetic cell
The minima of the current capacities of all cells as the electrokinetic cell current capacities, and to the appearance of the electrokinetic cell
Amount be updated including：
After end signal is received, using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell as described
The current capacities of electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated.
5. electrokinetic cell capacity estimation method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the commencing signal is to start to fill
The signal of telecommunication.
6. a kind of electrokinetic cell volume calculation system, it is characterised in that be applied to electric automobile, the electric automobile includes power
Battery, the electrokinetic cell is made up of multiple cells, and the electrokinetic cell volume calculation system includes：
First temperature acquiring unit, for a cell as detection object, after commencing signal is obtained institute being obtained
State the temperature range belonging to the charging temperature of electrokinetic cell；
Charging interval recording unit, the voltage for recording the detection object rises to the second preset value institute from the first preset value
The first charging interval for needing；
Query unit, for inquiring about the first presetting database, fills when the rated capacity and initial charge that obtain the cell
Electro-temperature is again under the temperature range state, when its voltage rises to the preset charged needed for the second preset value from the first preset value
Between, the rated capacity and the cell charging temperature of the cell that is stored with first presetting database exist
Under different temperature range states, the corresponding relation in change in voltage and required charging interval；
Computing unit, for first charging interval and preset charged time to be substituted into into preset formula, calculates and obtains the list
The current capacities of body battery, the preset formula is Q1=T2/T1 × Q0, wherein, Q1 represents the current appearance of the cell
Amount, Q0 represents the rated capacity of the cell, and T1 is the preset charged time, and T2 is first charging interval；
Judging unit, for judging whether that all cells to the electrokinetic cell all carried out estimation, if it is not, then with
Another cell of the electrokinetic cell is detection object, obtains the humidity province belonging to the charging temperature of the electrokinetic cell
Between, and return the charging interval recording unit；If it is, with the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell
Used as the current capacities of the electrokinetic cell, and the capacity to the electrokinetic cell is updated minima.
7. electrokinetic cell volume calculation system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the judging unit includes：
First computing module, for being held as estimation using the minima of the current capacities of all cells of the electrokinetic cell
Amount, determines whether to estimate first, if it is, calculating the difference of the estimated capacity and the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell
With the ratio of the rated capacity of the electrokinetic cell, and the ratio is judged whether more than default ratio, if it is not, then using described
Estimated capacity is updated in the way of gliding smoothing filtering to the capacity of the electrokinetic cell；
If it is not, then into the second computing module；
Second computing module, for calculate the estimated capacity with estimation history in last time estimated capacity difference with it is described
The ratio of the rated capacity of electrokinetic cell, and whether the ratio is judged more than default ratio, if it is not, then being held using the estimation
Measure the capacity of the electrokinetic cell is updated in the way of gliding smoothing filtering.
8. electrokinetic cell volume calculation system according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the value model of the default ratio
Enclose for 10% ± 1%, including endpoint value.
9. electrokinetic cell volume calculation system according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the commencing signal is to start to fill
The signal of telecommunication.
10. a kind of electric automobile, it is characterised in that including at least one electrokinetic cell as described in any one of claim 6-9
Volume calculation system.
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Application publication date: 20170510 Assignee: Chongqing Changan New Energy Automotive Technology Co., Ltd. Assignor: Chongqing Changan Automobile Co., Ltd.|Chongqing Chang'an New Energy Automobile Co., Ltd. Contract record no.: 2018500000022 Denomination of invention: Power battery capacity estimation method, power battery capacity estimation system, and electric vehicle License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20181130 |
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