CN106644763A - Method and device for testing interfacial mechanical characteristics of earthen site anchoring slurry-substrate - Google Patents
Method and device for testing interfacial mechanical characteristics of earthen site anchoring slurry-substrate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106644763A CN106644763A CN201611234412.7A CN201611234412A CN106644763A CN 106644763 A CN106644763 A CN 106644763A CN 201611234412 A CN201611234412 A CN 201611234412A CN 106644763 A CN106644763 A CN 106644763A
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- sample
- side wall
- blade
- sample preparation
- slurry
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/28—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q
- G01N1/286—Preparing specimens for investigation including physical details of (bio-)chemical methods covered elsewhere, e.g. G01N33/50, C12Q involving mechanical work, e.g. chopping, disintegrating, compacting, homogenising
Abstract
The invention provides a device for testing interfacial mechanical characteristics of an earthen site anchoring slurry-substrate. The device comprises a loading mechanism and a sample preparation mechanism, wherein the sample preparation mechanism comprises a sample preparation base, a plurality of side wall blades, blade lock rings, a polished round core and a threaded core; a through hole is arranged in the center of the sample preparation base; the plurality of side wall blades are arranged at the upper part of the sample preparation base, are in an arc form and are enclosed into a hollow cylinder; the blade lock rings sleeve the outer sides of the blade lock rings respectively to hold the side wall blades; and the polished round core and a threaded core can be inserted into the through hole in the sample preparation base and the samples with different hole wall roughness can be manufactured separately. The invention further provides a method for testing the interfacial mechanical characteristics of the earthen site anchoring slurry-substrate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to anchor system slurry-basal body interface mechanical property studying technological domain in earthen ruins protection, especially
It is related to a kind of earthen ruins anchoring slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus and method.
Background technology
Earthen ruins spread all over the country as the important component part of Chinese elite cultural heritage, and it has great history, skill
Art, science, society and cultureal value.But had a strong impact on by factor of natural environment and mankind's activity for a long time, it is most of
Earthen ruins are in Critical Condition.To delay the deterioration of earthen ruins, the life-span of earthen ruins is improved.Theory and standard based on historical relic's protection
Then, anchoring becomes the little mechanical stability technology of current generally accepted good concealment, construction disturbance degree.Enter in the soil body
Row anchoring, the bonding frictional strength between anchor pole grouting body and the soil body is relatively low.It is how that grouting material is effective with the ruins soil body
The simultaneously reasonable utilization that bonds is an important topic of current research among Practical Project.
The mechanics transmittance process of the full grouted tension type anchor pole of earthen ruins reinforcing is：Slurry is transferred to by anchor rod body
Material, then it is transferred to matrix by paste materials.Therefore from for the angle of mechanical stability, the cementation of anchor pole and slurry,
Slurry and the principal element that the cementation of surrounding soil is decision anchor system load-carrying properties.Once cementation is failed, whole
Individual anchor system will be destroyed, so as to cause caving in for ruins body.So, anchor system interface mechanicses transport mechanism becomes anchoring
Emphasis in technical research.
At present with regard to the Interface Study comparative maturity of the body of rod and grouting body, and the Interface Study of slurry-matrix is then non-
It is often few, this exigence we this is filled a vacancy.Therefore, develop one kind to can be used to study slurry and matrix in anchor system
The indoor push out test system of shearing-displacement constitutive relation between interface, furthers investigate the interface mechanical characteristic between the second cement plane,
Computational theory and its action oriented research to disclosing anchorage mechanism, improve anchoring ability, set up anchor system is significant.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to study the cementation between anchor pole grouting body and the soil body, filling up slurry and grind with soil body interface
The blank studied carefully, there is provided a kind of slurry-matrix push out test sample preparation device and system.
The present invention provide technical scheme be：
A kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, including load maintainer, sample preparation mechanism, institute
Stating sample preparation mechanism includes：
Sample preparation base, it is provided centrally with through hole；
Multiple side wall blades, it is arranged on sample preparation base top, and the side wall blade is in arc-shaped, and described many
Individual side wall blade surrounds a hollow cylinder；
Blade lock ring, it is set in the side wall blade outboard, 3 screws is provided with the blade lock ring, by side
Wall blade is locked；
Core bar, it is inserted at the sample preparation base plate through holes, to reserve a cylindrical hole at made soil body sample center.
Preferably, the core bar is light round core, to the circle that an inner wall smooth is reserved at made soil body sample center
Post holes.
Preferably, the core bar is thread core, to the circle that an inner wall coarse is reserved at made soil body sample center
Post holes.
Preferably, the sample preparation base top arranges fluted, is applied to fixed sidewall blade.
Preferably, the side wall blade is provided with 3, and the radian of side wall blade is 120 °.
Preferably, the sample preparation base top is provided with two screw rods, and the screw rod is arranged vertically, and the blade is tight
Two protuberances are provided with hoop, the protuberance is mutually fixed by nut with the top of screw rod.
Preferably, the load maintainer includes：
Workbench；
Column, it is arranged on the worktable upper surface edge；
Entablature, it is arranged on the top of the column；
Moved cross beam, it is arranged on the lower section of the entablature, and the moved cross beam can be moved up and down；
Upper jaw, it is fixed on the lower section of the moved cross beam；
Lower jaw, it is fixed on the workbench；
Load bar, it is connected with the upper jaw, with by load bar to carrying out at the grouting of made soil body sample center plus
Carry.
Bearing base, it is connected with the lower jaw, and the bearing base top is provided with retaining wall, arranges on the retaining wall
3 screws, are applied to fasten the bottom of soil body sample.
Preferably, the load bar includes being located at the connecting rod at middle part, and the lower end of the connecting rod is by screw thread and loading pressure
Head is fixedly connected；The upper end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected by screw thread with connector；It is provided with the outer wall of the connector outer
Screw thread, is connected by the external screw thread with retaining ring；The connector can be connected with the upper jaw.
Preferably, peep hole is provided with the wall of the bearing base side, the bearing base top is provided with retaining wall, institute
3 screws of setting on retaining wall are stated, is applied to fix the bottom of soil body sample.
A kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test method, comprise the following steps：
Step one, with compaction test wet method prepare measure ruins soil sample optimum moisture content；
Step 2, the ruins soil sample for weighing natural moisture content, grind and sieve and mix thoroughly after dissipating, and are set with water spray by optimum moisture content
Amount of water needed for standby sprinkling uniform on earth material, mixes simultaneously sealing and standing 12 hours thoroughly；
Step 3, the steady sample preparation base for placing sample preparation mechanism, in side, wall blade inwall, sample preparation base top equably apply
A thin layer lubricating oil is smeared, and side wall blade, sample preparation base and blade lock ring assembly are completed；
Step 4, by the test requirements document number of plies, the manual compacting of layering, weigh from the earth material for preparing hit it is real one layer needed for use
Amount substep is poured into, should ensure that the free vertical drop of hammer, is hit and be a little uniformly distributed in Tu Mianshang, and the native face that two-layer connects should be dug
Hair is processed；Hit should erase and striking off higher than side wall vane tip after the completion of reality；It should be noted that when hitting real last layer, for ease of
Plus soil, sleeve should be set in the top of sample preparation device；
Step 5, with repairing native knife along side wall blade combination top equating sample, it is slow extract out in the middle of light round core, then remove
Blade lock ring, side wall blade is skidded off upwards respectively；And for the extraction of thread core, then need by threaded cap.Remove blade
Lock ring, threaded cap is placed, and tightens screw, and it is fixed together with the wall blade of side, and slowly thread core is back-outed, then removes screw thread
Lid, side wall blade is skidded off upwards respectively.
Step 6, at the pore-forming of soil sample center configured slurries are irrigated, wait slurries to bond with soil body sample and conserved
Into；
Step 7, bearing base is placed on forcing press, is connected with lower jaw；
Step 8, sample will be made it is put in the retaining wall on bearing base；
Step 9, sample banding will be made again with side wall blade, and blade lock ring will be set in into the top of side wall blade,
Blade lock ring and totally 6 screws on bearing base retaining wall are tightened, the soil body sample fastening of centre is made.So outside confined pressure is able to
Ensure, simulation there should be in practice bigger ruins scope；
Step 10, using load maintainer to loading at the grouting of sample center, make sample from soil and slurry interfacial failure,
Obtain shearing-displacement curve.
Beneficial effects of the present invention embody in the following areas：
(1) all appts are steel with accessory, can meet current building soil body sample and coordinate lower slurry with testing machine
Body and the rigidity requirement of ruins soil body push out test.
(2) sample preparation device is detachable apparatus, by device sample preparation base, three pieces of side wall blade, blade lock ring and light circles
Core, thread core etc. are constituted.Blade lock ring and nut can fixed sidewall blade, to carry the building Compaction Effort to soil sample；Light round core
Solid, the through hole of pluggable sample preparation base is with thread core, in order to reserve a center hole post in the middle of the sample made,
To reperfusion serosity.
(3) light round core and thread core are provided with, the sample of different Hole Wall Roughness can be respectively made, to study different hole walls
Impact of the roughness to slurry-basal body interface mechanical property.
(4) load bar is detachable apparatus, is made up of reducing pressure head, connecting rod, connector and retaining ring so that control
Length becomes flexible with aperture.The pressure head being connected with connecting rod can meet different tests by test increase in demand or reduction diameter
The problem of the reserved hole post different-diameter of scheme.And the length of connecting rod also can be by increasing or decreasing, to meet different examinations needed for test
Test the problem of program simulation difference slip casting depth.Retaining ring can strengthen the compactness between connecting rod and connector, it is to avoid loosen.
(5) bearing base is in hollow shape, and top is provided with through hole, is pushed out in order to slurry and is fallen from hole, and perforate is big
It is little to reserve hole post slightly larger than made sample；And top arranges retaining wall, retaining wall is provided with 3 screws, during test loading, tightens spiral shell
Nail, to the bottom for fastening middle soil body sample；Side wall is provided with peep hole, is easy to observe the progress that slurry is pushed out；Lower section
Protrusion is chimeric with forcing press lower jaw, to ensure that this bearing base carries stability when slurry is pushed out.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that earthen ruins of the present invention anchoring slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus general structure is illustrated
Figure.
Fig. 2 is load bar structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is sample preparation mechanism of the present invention structural representation.
Fig. 4 is smooth round core structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is thread core structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is threaded cap structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is bearing base front view of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is bearing base left view of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is shearing of the present invention-displacement curve schematic diagram.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art with reference to specification text
Word can be implemented according to this.
The invention provides a kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, including load maintainer
110th, sample preparation mechanism 120, wherein the load maintainer is a forcing press, it includes being located at the workbench 111 of bottom, in workbench
111 upper edge is provided with column 112, and entablature 113 is provided with the top of column.It is provided with below entablature 113
Moved cross beam 114, the moved cross beam 114 can be moved up and down, so as to carry out pressure-loaded.The bottom of the moved cross beam 114
Upper jaw 115 is fixed with, is connected with pin 116 with load bar 130 by upper jaw 115.The top of the workbench 111 is provided with
Lower jaw 117.
As shown in Fig. 2 the load bar 130 includes being located at the connecting rod 131 at middle part, the lower end of the connecting rod 131 passes through spiral shell
Line is fixedly connected with loading pressure head 132.The upper end of the connecting rod 131 is fixedly connected by screw thread with connector 133.The connection
External screw thread is provided with the outer wall of device 133, is connected with retaining ring 134 by the external screw thread.To can be loaded by connector 133
Bar 130 is fixed on upper jaw 115 with pin 116.
As shown in Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 6, the sample preparation mechanism 120 includes sample preparation base 121, the sample preparation base 121
Through hole is provided centrally with, it is described to be inserted in hole using light round core 128 or thread core.The sample preparation base 121 or so two
Side is provided with two screw rods 122, and screw rod 122 is fixed together with blade lock ring 125 by nut 123.At sample preparation bottom
The top of seat 121 is provided with 3 side wall blades 124, and the side wall blade 124 is in circular arc, and the arc of these three sides walls blade 124
Degree is 120 °, makes these three sides walls blade 124 surround a hollow cylinder.One is provided with the top of hollow cylinder
The blade lock ring 125 of annular, the blade lock ring 125 is enclosed within the outside of three side wall blades 124, so that three side wall blades
124 hold tightly.The blade lock ring 125 is provided with 3 screws 126, for the soil body sample in the middle of the fastening in test loading.Institute
Two offsides for stating blade lock ring 125 are provided with protuberance, and the protuberance is mutually solid with the top of screw rod 122 by nut 127
It is fixed.Light round core 128 or thread core can be inserted into the through hole of sample preparation base 121, are placed on three sides wall blade 124 and surround
Hollow cylinder in.
Shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, the bearing base 140 is in hollow shape, and through hole, the carrying bottom are provided with its top center
Peep hole 141 is provided with the wall of seat side.And top is welded with retaining wall 142, retaining wall is provided with 3 screws 143.The bearing base
140 bottom is connected with lower jaw 117.
Present invention also offers a kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test method, concrete steps are such as
Under：
1st, prepared with compaction test wet method and measure ruins soil sample optimum moisture content.
2nd, the representative ruins soil sample of natural moisture content is weighed, stone roller crosses 2mm and sieve and mix thoroughly, sprays by optimum moisture content after dissipating
Amount of water of the wetting system on earth material needed for uniform sprinkling, mixes thoroughly and sealing and standing is standby, time of repose about 12 hours.
3rd, smooth location is selected, the steady sample preparation base 121 for placing sample preparation mechanism 120, in three pieces of side wall blades 124
A thin layer lubricating oil is equably smeared on wall, the top of sample preparation base 121, by side wall blade 124, sample preparation base 121 and blade lock ring
125 assembly are completed.Whether each part of inspection apparatus is completely embedded.
4th, by the required test requirements document number of plies, the manual compacting of layering.Weigh to hit needed for one layer of reality from the earth material for preparing and use
Amount branch pours into, should ensure that the free vertical drop of hammer, hits and be a little uniformly distributed in Tu Mianshang, and the native face that two-layer connects should be dug
Hair is processed.Hit should erase and striking off higher than the top of side wall blade 124 after the completion of reality.It should be noted that being just when hitting real last layer
In soil is added, sleeve 129 should be set in the top of sample preparation device.
5th, combine top equating sample along side wall blade 124 with repairing native knife, it is first slow extract out in the middle of light round core 128, then
Two nuts 127 are backed out, blade lock ring 125 is removed, 3 pieces of side wall blades 124 are skidded off upwards respectively；And taking out for thread core
Take, then need by threaded cap.Blade lock ring 124 is removed, threaded cap is put, tighten screw, by itself and side wall blade 124 1
Rise and fix, slowly rotate out of thread core, then remove threaded cap, side wall blade 124 is skidded off upwards respectively.It should be noted that ensureing
Sample is complete, slowly departs from it from sample preparation base 121 after sample is slightly dry, places environment maintenance needed for test.
6th, treat that soil body sample maintenance is completed, irrigate the slurry designed by this experimental program for being configured at heart pore-forming wherein
Liquid.Treat that slurries maintenance is completed and good with soil body sample bonding, sample is prepared and completed.
7th, the connector part of load bar 130 is connected with testing machine upper jaw, the protrusion of bearing base 140 is fitted together to into test
At machine lower jaw, and using testing machine movement moved cross beam 114 adjustment load bar pressure head it is vertical with the top of bearing base 140 away from
From so that made sample can be completely placed into.
8th, sample banding will be made again with 3 pieces of side wall blades 124, be put in the retaining wall 142 on bearing base, and by leaf
Piece lock ring 125 is set in the top of side wall blade 124, tightens totally 6 spiral shells on blade lock ring 125 and bearing base retaining wall 142
Nail, makes the soil body sample fastening of centre.It is so outside to give enough confined pressures to avoid during grouting body is pushed out, base
The aperture of body is acted on by certain radial pressure, and causes when radial pressure reaches a certain numerical value, and matrix takes the lead in occurring to break
It is bad.
9th, start forcing press, start loading, the mistake that slurry is pushed out is observed in the peep hole that can be opened up at bearing base
Journey.Desired data is gathered by the data handling system of universal testing machine, shearing-displacement curve is drawn.The shearing-displacement is bent
Line is as shown in Figure 9.
Although embodiment of the present invention is disclosed as above, it is not restricted to listed in specification and embodiment
With.It can be applied to completely various suitable the field of the invention.For those skilled in the art, can be easily
Realize other modification.Therefore under the universal limited without departing substantially from claim and equivalency range, the present invention is not limited
In specific details and shown here as the legend with description.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that including load maintainer, system
Model machine structure, the sample preparation mechanism includes：
Sample preparation base, it is provided centrally with through hole；
Multiple side wall blades, it is arranged on sample preparation base top, and the side wall blade is in arc-shaped, and the plurality of side
Wall blade surrounds a hollow cylinder；
Blade lock ring, it is set in the side wall blade outboard, 3 screws is provided with the blade lock ring, by side wall leaf
Piece is locked；
Core bar, it is inserted at the sample preparation base plate through holes, to reserve a cylindrical hole at made soil body sample center.
2. earthen ruins according to claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that
The sample preparation base top is provided with two screw rods, and the screw rod is arranged vertically, and two is provided with the blade lock ring and is dashed forward
Go out portion, the protuberance is mutually fixed by nut with the top of screw rod.
3. earthen ruins according to claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that
The sample preparation base top arranges fluted, is applied to fixed sidewall blade.
4. earthen ruins according to claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that
The side wall blade is provided with 3, and the radian of side wall blade is 120 °.
5. the earthen ruins described in claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that described
Core bar is light round core, to the cylindrical hole that an inner wall smooth is reserved at made soil body sample center.
6. the earthen ruins described in claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that described
Core bar is thread core, to the cylindrical hole that an inner wall coarse is reserved at made soil body sample center.
7. earthen ruins according to claim 1 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that
The load maintainer includes：
Workbench；
Column, it is arranged on the worktable upper surface edge；
Entablature, it is arranged on the top of the column；
Moved cross beam, it is arranged on the lower section of the entablature, and the moved cross beam can be moved up and down；
Upper jaw, it is fixed on the lower section of the moved cross beam；
Lower jaw, it is fixed on the workbench；
Load bar, it is connected with the upper jaw, with by load bar to loading at the grouting of made soil body sample center；
Bearing base, it is connected with the lower jaw, and the bearing base top is provided with retaining wall, and 3 are arranged on the retaining wall
Screw, is applied to fasten the bottom of soil body sample.
8. earthen ruins according to claim 7 anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus, it is characterised in that
The load bar includes being located at the connecting rod at middle part, and the lower end of the connecting rod is fixedly connected by screw thread with loading pressure head；The company
The upper end of bar is fixedly connected by screw thread with connector；External screw thread is provided with the outer wall of the connector, by the external screw thread
It is connected with retaining ring；The connector can be connected with the upper jaw.
9. a kind of earthen ruins anchor slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test method, it is characterised in that usage right requires 1-8
Earthen ruins anchoring slurry-basal body interface dynamic characteristic test apparatus described in middle any one, and comprise the following steps：
Step one, with compaction test wet method prepare measure ruins soil sample optimum moisture content；
Step 2, the ruins soil sample for weighing natural moisture content, grind and sieve and mix thoroughly after dissipating, and exist by optimum moisture content sprinkler
Amount of water on earth material needed for uniform sprinkling, mixes simultaneously sealing and standing 12 hours thoroughly；
Step 3, the steady sample preparation base for placing sample preparation mechanism, in side, wall blade inwall, sample preparation base top equably smear one
Thin layer lubricating oil, and side wall blade, sample preparation base and blade lock ring assembly are completed；
Step 4, by the test requirements document number of plies, the manual compacting of layering is weighed from the earth material for preparing and hits real one layer of institute's expense point
Step is poured into, should ensure that the free vertical drop of hammer, is hit and be a little uniformly distributed in Tu Mianshang, and the native face that two-layer connects should carry out digging at hair
Reason；Hit should erase and striking off higher than side wall vane tip after the completion of reality；It should be noted that when hitting real last layer, for ease of adding soil,
Sleeve should be set in the top of sample preparation device；
Step 5, with repairing native knife along side wall blade combination top equating sample, it is slow extract out in the middle of light round core, then remove blade
Lock ring, side wall blade is skidded off upwards respectively；And for the extraction of thread core, then need by threaded cap.Blade lock ring is removed,
Threaded cap is placed, screw is tightened, it is fixed together with the wall blade of side, slowly rotate out of thread core, then remove threaded cap,
Side wall blade is skidded off upwards respectively；
Step 6, at the pore-forming of soil sample center configured slurries are irrigated, wait the maintenance that bonds of slurries and soil body sample to complete；
Step 7, bearing base is placed on forcing press, is connected with lower jaw；
Step 8, sample will be made it is put in the retaining wall on bearing base；
Step 9, sample banding will be made again with side wall blade, and blade lock ring will be set in into the top of side wall blade, tighten
Totally 6 screws on blade lock ring and bearing base retaining wall, make the soil body sample fastening of centre.So outside confined pressure is protected
Card, simulation should have in practice bigger ruins scope；
Step 10, using load maintainer to loading at the grouting of sample center, make sample from soil and slurry interfacial failure, obtain
Shearing-displacement curve.
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| CN201611234412.7A CN106644763B (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Earthen site anchoring slurry-matrix interface mechanical property test device and method |
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| CN201611234412.7A CN106644763B (en) | 2016-12-28 | 2016-12-28 | Earthen site anchoring slurry-matrix interface mechanical property test device and method |
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