CN106644565B - The method that winter takes bog peat column core - Google Patents
The method that winter takes bog peat column core Download PDFInfo
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- CN106644565B CN106644565B CN201611086712.5A CN201611086712A CN106644565B CN 106644565 B CN106644565 B CN 106644565B CN 201611086712 A CN201611086712 A CN 201611086712A CN 106644565 B CN106644565 B CN 106644565B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N1/00—Sampling; Preparing specimens for investigation
- G01N1/02—Devices for withdrawing samples
- G01N1/04—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting
- G01N1/08—Devices for withdrawing samples in the solid state, e.g. by cutting involving an extracting tool, e.g. core bit
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Abstract
The method that winter takes bog peat column core.It is to solve the technical problem that existing method winter takes bog sedimentary column core difficulty the present invention relates to the acquisition method of bog sedimentary column core.Method: one, the time of peat column core acquisition is scheduled on season early winter；Two, sampling point is chosen；Three, peat column core is dug；Four, peat column core is taken out；Five, the peat of permafrost haorizon can be taken out with frozen soil sampler；Six, peat column core is layered every 1cm；Seven, the peat column core of point good layer is packed into valve bag in order and is numbered.The characteristics of present invention is according to season will not generate disturbance to histic epipedon；Furthermore moisture content is less in winter bog, and people carries out sample activity above, it is not easy to be compacted peat, and the column core integrality taken out is preferable；The peat column core of taking-up is in frozen state slightly, is conducive to finely be layered；Entire sampling method is simple and fast, and sampling tool is more light, can a large amount of save the cost, improve sampling efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the acquisition methods of bog sedimentary column core, more particularly to one kind in middle high latitude Seasonal Freeze-thaw Soils
The method of area acquisition peat column core.
Background technique
Bog is that earth's surface is often overly moist or have thin layer ponding, grow hygrophilous or limnocryptophyte thereon and have no less than
The location (bavin cave, 1990) of 30cm peat accumulation.Since its unique Crack cause and physicochemical properties, bog can be very
The history of good record past-climate environmental change, the original place auto-deposition mode of peat ensure that peat deposits sequence unlike lake
Sequence is easy to receive like that interference (Chambers and Charman, 2004), therefore bog sedimentary column core is the research past
Vegetation succession, whole world change and the good geological archive of peat historical accumulation process.
In most of bog, since earth's surface is often overly moist or has thin layer ponding, to take out a complete peat
Column is extremely difficult, and scientists have invented some sampling equipments therewith, currently used equipment have Russian corer and
Wardenaar corer.But all there is many problems for these sampling equipments: since surface layer peat is overly moist, root system of plant is more,
Russian corer is difficult completely to take out surface layer peat, is also easy to generate disturbance, and the smaller (5cm of diameter of the sampler
Left and right) it is difficult to the requirement met Shi Yan to peat samples amount；The invention of Wardenaar corer can be with effective solution
Russian corer is but adjoint in problem (Wardenaar et al., 1986) present on the sampling of surface layer peat and sample size
And what is come is new problem, Wardenaar corer is excessively heavy, inconvenient to carry, especially the area as peat bog,
It is mostly occupied far from people, road bumpiness can only bear by people, increase the difficulty of sampling, encounter the lower mud of the content of organic matter
Charcoal, sampler pushes difficulty, and this reduces the applicabilities of Wardenaar corer；In addition these sample devices are most of
In the case of be only applicable in earth's surface and do not freeze the summer operation to freeze in fact, but summer rainwater is sufficient, and moisture content is bigger in bog,
It wherein carries out sampling to be easy to generate column core disturbance and compacting phenomenon, influences true peat horizon position, reduce subsequent analysis and grind
The accuracy and reliability studied carefully.In order to obtain undisturbed peat column core, the especially the most abundant histic epipedon of biological activity,
A kind of new method of sampling is needed to solve the problems, such as peat column core integrity issue, sample size and disturbance and compaction problems.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is to provide one to solve the technical problem that existing method winter takes bog sedimentary column core difficulty
The method that kind winter takes bog peat column core.
The method that winter takes bog peat column core follows the steps below:
One, the time of peat column core acquisition is scheduled on season early winter, and the histic epipedon depth of freezing is 5-15cm；
Two, along the cross section of bog, the above peat thickness of bog permafrost haorizon is detected with feeler lever, chooses respective depth
Peat as sampling point；
Three, sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off, chooses the square area of a 20cm × 20cm as pre-sampling
Area is cut with saw along square sideline vertically downward, until permafrost haorizon, after four edges line is all cut, obtain a 20cm ×
The peat column core of 20cm × h；
Four, take one in peat column upper surface square adjacent one side position and be greater than 20cm × 20cm × h dell,
Cut open the part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core, then along its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface into
One step separates peat column core, until peat column core swings to the direction of dell, peat column core can finally be taken out to earth's surface；
Five, the peat of permafrost haorizon can be taken out with frozen soil sampler；
Six, peat column core is layered every 1cm, bottom is cut with knife, with saw cut upper layer and the surface layer freezed；
Seven, the peat column core of point good layer is packed into valve bag in order and is numbered, is saved in 4 DEG C, with survey to be analyzed
It is fixed.
The histic epipedon depth of freezing described in step 1 is 10cm.
Sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off using iron pick in step 3.
It is cut vertically downward using panel saw along square sideline in step 3.
The part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core is cut in step 4.
Peat further is separated with spades then along its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface in step 4
Column core.
The present invention provides a kind of method of samplings of middle high latitude Seasonal Freeze-thaw Soils area peat column core, according to the spy in season
Sampling time is scheduled on season early winter by point, and histic epipedon freezes about 5-15cm, and manpower can abolish ice sheet, and action is also more square
Just, and disturbance will not be generated to histic epipedon；Furthermore moisture content is less in winter bog, and people carries out sampling work above
It is dynamic, it is not easy to be compacted peat, and the column core integrality taken out is preferable；The peat column core of taking-up is in frozen state slightly, has
Conducive to fine layering；It is very convenient rapidly that cutting separation is carried out to peat using panel saw, it is easy to separate the root of histic epipedon
System；Entire sampling method is simple and fast, and sampling tool is more light, can a large amount of save the cost, improve sampling efficiency.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the method schematic perspective view for taking bog peat column core winter of the invention, in figure 1 indicate 20cm ×
The peat column core of 20cm × h, 2 indicate to be greater than 20cm × 20cm × h dell.
Specific embodiment
The technical solution of the present invention is not limited to the following list, further includes between each specific embodiment
Any combination.
Specific embodiment 1: present embodiment winter take the method for bog peat column core according to the following steps into
Row:
One, the time of peat column core acquisition is scheduled on season early winter, and the histic epipedon depth of freezing is 5-15cm；
It two, (can be by touching with the feeler lever detection above peat thickness of bog permafrost haorizon along the cross section of bog
The length judgement of feeler lever when hard sense of touch is fed back in peat bottom), according to research purpose, the peat of respective depth is chosen as sample
Point；
Three, sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off, chooses the square area of a 20cm × 20cm as pre-sampling
Area is cut with saw along square sideline vertically downward, until permafrost haorizon, after four edges line is all cut, obtain a 20cm ×
The peat column core of 20cm × h；
Four, take one in peat column upper surface square adjacent one side position and be greater than 20cm × 20cm × h dell,
Cut open the part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core, then along its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface into
One step separates peat column core, until peat column core swings to the direction of dell, peat column core can finally be taken out to earth's surface；
Five, the peat of permafrost haorizon can be taken out with frozen soil sampler；
Six, peat column core is layered every 1cm, bottom corruption degree is higher, cuts bottom with knife, is degenerated with saw cut
The surface layer spending lower upper layer and freezing；
Seven, the peat column core of point good layer is packed into valve bag in order and is numbered, is saved in 4 DEG C, with survey to be analyzed
It is fixed.
Specific embodiment 2: present embodiment is frozen from histic epipedon described in the different step one of specific embodiment one
When junction depth is 10cm.It is other same as the specific embodiment one.
Specific embodiment 3: being used in step 3 unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one or two
Iron pick shoots off sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one or two.
Specific embodiment 4: being used in step 3 unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to three
Panel saw is cut vertically downward along square sideline.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to three.
Bladed saw length described in present embodiment is selected according to the peat thickness to be acquired.
Specific embodiment 5: using knife in step 4 unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to four
Cut open the part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core.It is other identical as one of specific embodiment one to four.
Specific embodiment 6: unlike one of present embodiment and specific embodiment one to five in step 4 then
Peat column core further is separated with spades along its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface.Other and specific embodiment party
One of formula one to five is identical.
Using following experimental verifications effect of the present invention:
Experiment one:
It is most northern that great Xingan mountains are located at China, and the weather rain hot same period, summer, warm precipitation was concentrated, winter very long severe cold
It is dry.Continuously distributed ever-frozen ground in area, constitutes impermeable stratum solid in soil, spring melt water and Summer Rainfall be difficult into
It seeps, the long-term ponding of earth's surface, dead plant residue is not easily decomposed, marsh extensive development, and slowly, thickness does not surpass generally for peat accumulation
Cross 1m.Peat column core is acquired in the area, should be avoided that peat is compacted and layer position is disturbed, and guarantee the complete of peat column core
Property and enough sample sizes.The method that winter takes bog peat column core follows the steps below:
(1) time of peat peat column core acquisition is scheduled on mid-October, and a snow, temperature-had been descended in Daxinganling District
5-- 20 DEG C, the histic epipedon depth of freezing is 10cm, and peat horizon is avoided to disturb and be compacted, and temperature is lower, and peat column core is easy to protect
It deposits complete.
(2) acquisition that column core is carried out to strong, Lip river Furukawa and Pan Gu's sample according to goal in research selection figure, by touching peat
The length of feeler lever judges the peat thickness of permafrost haorizon or more when hard sense of touch is fed back in bottom, multiple spot relatively after, choose peat thickness
Bosom is as sampling point, by judgement, figure is strong, Lip river Furukawa and Pan Gu's sample peat thickness most it is deep be respectively 46cm, 42cm,
53cm。
(3) sampling point shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off with iron pick, the square area for choosing a 20cm × 20cm is used as adopts in advance
Sample area is cut with the panel saw of 50cm long along 20cm × 20cm square sideline vertically downward, until permafrost haorizon, four edges line are complete
After portion is cut, three samples 20cm × 20cm × 46cm, 20cm × 20cm × 42cm, 20cm × 20cm × 53cm are respectively obtained
Peat column core.
(4) with spade peat column core 20cm × 20cm square adjacent one side take a 20cm × 20cm × 50cm,
20cm × 20cm × 50cm, 20cm × 20cm × 60cm dell cuts open permafrost haorizon and peat column core with the pocket knife of a length of 20cm
Between connection, then along its excess-three sideline square 20cm × 20cm further with spades separate peat column core, until
Peat column core swings to the direction of dell, guarantees the integrality of peat column core, finally peat column core is taken out to earth's surface.
(5) scene is layered peat column core every 1cm, and bottom corruption degree is higher, is assisted with the pocket knife of a length of 20cm
Cutting makes to be layered the surface layer finely corruption degree lower upper layer and freezed, and cuts layering with the handsaw of a length of 30cm.Figure is strong
Sample 0-12cm be grass roots layer, 13-40cm is peat horizon；Lip river Furukawa sample 0-3cm be grass roots layer, 4-42cm be peat horizon；Disk
Ancient sample 0-7cm be grass roots layer, 8-24cm be moss peat layer, 25-53cm be meadow peat layer.
(6) peat samples of point good layer are packed into valve bag in order and numbered, taken back laboratory and be put into 4 DEG C and protected
It deposits, with measurement to be analyzed.
Experiment two:
Xiaoxinanlin Mountains bog carries out the acquisition of winter peat peat column core.The Xiaoxinanlin Mountains are located at the Heilongjiang Province central and north, latitude
Although it is lower to spend opposite Daxing'an Mountainrange, Permafrost Area is also distributed with, the development form of bog has forest meadow swamping
And lakes and swamps, there is the peat of different-thickness to accumulate.The area acquire peat column core, equally should be avoided column core be compacted and
Layer position is disturbed, and guarantees the integrality and enough sample sizes of peat column core.Winter takes bog peat column core
Method follows the steps below:
(1) peat column core acquisition time be scheduled on late October, compared to Daxinganling District sampling more a little later, gas
- 2-- 15 DEG C of temperature, histic epipedon freeze about 5cm, and sample activity will not generate disturbance and compacting to peat horizon, in this temperature
Under, column core is easy to save complete.
(2) length of feeler lever judges that the column core of permafrost haorizon or more is thick when feeding back hard sense of touch by touching peat bottom
Degree, peat deposits are deeper with finding new green sample, detect 100cm and do not find permafrost haorizon, friendly sample ground column core maximum gauge 80cm
To permafrost haorizon.The column core of 100cm, 80cm are acquired the new blueness of selection respectively with friendly sample.
(3) sampling point shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off with iron pick, the square area for choosing a 20cm × 20cm is used as adopts in advance
Sample area guarantees sample size, is cut vertically downward with the panel saw of 100cm long along square sideline, until permafrost haorizon, four edges line
After all cutting, two samples 20cm × 20cm × 100cm, 20cm × 20cm × 80cm peat column core is respectively obtained.
(4) take 20cm × 20cm × 102,20cm × 20cm × 85cm in peat column core adjacent position with spade
Dell cuts open the connection between permafrost haorizon and peat column core with the pocket knife of a length of 20cm, then along 20cm × 20cm square
Spades splitter core is further used in its excess-three sideline, until peat column core can be mobile toward the direction of dell, guarantees peat column core
Integrality, finally peat column core is taken out to earth's surface.
(5) scene is layered peat column core every 1cm, and humic mud layer is cut with the pocket knife of a length of 20cm, makes to be layered
Finely, layering is cut with the handsaw of a length of 30cm in surface layer corruption degree lower upper layer and freezed.New blueness sample 0-5cm be
Grass roots layer, 6-25cm are peat horizon, and 26-100cm is humic mud layer；Friendly sample 0-5cm be grass roots layer, 6-40cm be peat
Layer, 41-80cm are humic mud layer.
(6) peat samples of point good layer are packed into valve bag in order and numbered, taken back laboratory and be put into 4 DEG C and protected
It deposits, with measurement to be analyzed.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all to utilize this hair
Equivalent structure or equivalent flow shift made by bright specification and accompanying drawing content is applied directly or indirectly in other relevant skills
Art field, is included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. the method that winter takes bog peat column core, it is characterised in that winter take the method for bog peat column core according to
Following steps carry out:
One, the time of peat column core acquisition is scheduled on season early winter, and the histic epipedon depth of freezing is 5-15cm；
Two, along the cross section of bog, the above peat thickness of bog permafrost haorizon is detected with feeler lever, chooses the mud of respective depth
Charcoal is as sampling point；
Three, sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet is shot off, the square area of a 20cm × 20cm is chosen as pre-sampling area, uses
Saw is cut vertically downward along square sideline, until permafrost haorizon, after four edges line is all cut, obtain a 20cm × 20cm ×
The peat column core of h；
Four, take one in peat column upper surface square adjacent one side position and be greater than 20cm × 20cm × h dell, cut open
The part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core, it is further then along its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface
Peat column core is separated, until peat column core swings to the direction of dell, peat column core can finally be taken out to earth's surface；
Five, the peat of permafrost haorizon can be taken out with frozen soil sampler；
Six, peat column core is layered every 1cm, bottom is cut with knife, with saw cut upper layer and the surface layer freezed；
Seven, the peat column core of point good layer is packed into valve bag in order and is numbered, is saved in 4 DEG C, with measurement to be analyzed.
2. the method that winter takes bog peat column core according to claim 1, it is characterised in that mud described in step 1
Charcoal crust freezing depth is 10cm.
3. the method that winter takes bog peat column core according to claim 1, it is characterised in that use iron in step 3
Pick shoots off sampling point peat shallow freezing ice sheet.
4. the method that winter takes bog peat column core according to claim 1, it is characterised in that use hand in step 3
Bladed saw is cut vertically downward along square sideline.
5. the method that winter takes bog peat column core according to claim 1, it is characterised in that cut in step 4 with knife
Open the part connected between permafrost haorizon and peat column core.
6. the method that winter takes bog peat column core according to claim 1, it is characterised in that in step 4 and then edge
Its square excess-three sideline of peat column upper surface further separate peat column core with spades.
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| CN102262006A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-11-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for collecting and manufacturing suspension type thin-layer soil monolith |
| CN102368051A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-03-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for sampling wetland soil |
| CN202382966U (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-08-15 | 陈杰 | Soil monolith collecting and producing equipment |
| CN103604660A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江大学 | Soil vertical section millimeter micro domain soil layer sampling method and sampling device used in method |
| CN205786613U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-12-07 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | A kind of tool assembly for completely cutting off soil in-situ observation |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102262006A (en) * | 2011-05-12 | 2011-11-30 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for collecting and manufacturing suspension type thin-layer soil monolith |
| CN202382966U (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2012-08-15 | 陈杰 | Soil monolith collecting and producing equipment |
| CN102368051A (en) * | 2011-09-15 | 2012-03-07 | 中国科学院东北地理与农业生态研究所 | Method for sampling wetland soil |
| CN103604660A (en) * | 2013-11-04 | 2014-02-26 | 浙江大学 | Soil vertical section millimeter micro domain soil layer sampling method and sampling device used in method |
| CN205786613U (en) * | 2016-05-16 | 2016-12-07 | 中国农业科学院草原研究所 | A kind of tool assembly for completely cutting off soil in-situ observation |
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