CN106644031B - A kind of high stability fibre-optical sensing device and demodulation method for eliminating light intensity disturbance - Google Patents
A kind of high stability fibre-optical sensing device and demodulation method for eliminating light intensity disturbance Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01H—MEASUREMENT OF MECHANICAL VIBRATIONS OR ULTRASONIC, SONIC OR INFRASONIC WAVES
- G01H9/00—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means
- G01H9/004—Measuring mechanical vibrations or ultrasonic, sonic or infrasonic waves by using radiation-sensitive means, e.g. optical means using fibre optic sensors
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Abstract
A kind of high stability fibre-optical sensing device and demodulation method for eliminating light intensity disturbance.Sinusoidal reference signal by introducing a constant amplitude on reference optical fiber estimates light intensity disturbance, eliminates the unstable caused demodulation distortion of light intensity, improves the stability of sensor-based system.In Signal separator part, reference signal and measured signal are separated using solution wavelength division multiplexer.The variation of light intensity is obtained by being demodulated to the interference light intensity comprising reference signal in demodulation part, then demodulation result to measured signal compensates.The invention has the advantages that can effectively eliminate the fixed caused demodulation distortion of flashing based on light channel structure and demodulation method of the invention.The present invention is conducive to the array of Fibre Optical Sensor, and demodulation effect can be made more superior.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to interference-type optical fiber field of sensing technologies, especially one kind can eliminate the strongly disturbing high stability of light
Fibre-optical sensing device and method.
Background technique
Vibration is widely present in industrial activity and people's lives, such as earthquake, the operating of lathe, iron in mechanical industry
The shaking etc. of road and bridge etc..Realize early prediction of the sensing to vibration to earthquake, the detection of mechanical part working condition, iron
The safety monitoring on road and bridge, and the guarantee to long range oil transportation, transmission line safety have very important reality meaning
Justice.
Fibre Optical Sensor transmission band is wide, information capacity is big, transmission loss is low, is suitble to remote measuring and controlling；To extraneous environmental change
Sensitivity has excellent sensing capabilities to a variety of physical quantitys；Extensive, long range can be realized by array or distributed frame
Sensing etc..
Phase generated carrier modulation /demodulation is to detect the big of a certain frequency outside signal bandwidth by introducing in interferometer
Amplitude phase modulation signal makes detected signal become the sideband of these significantly carrier waves, then utilizes PGC demodulation in receiving end
Algorithm extracts to measured signal.However the influence that traditional PGC demodulating algorithm is unstable vulnerable to light intensity, work as Fibre Optical Sensor
When the intensity of light is unstable in device, demodulation result will be distorted.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim to address luminous intensity unstable the problem of being distorted demodulation result in the fibre optical sensor,
It is proposed the high stability fibre-optical sensing device and demodulation method of a kind of elimination light intensity disturbance.An amplitude is introduced in the sensing device
Constant reference signal is modulated together with measured signal, receiving end using solution wavelength division multiplexer to measured signal with reference
Signal is separated, and demodulation method uses the PGC demodulating algorithm compensated based on reference, is interfered by light intensity to reference signal
Measurement light intensity disturbance is influenced, and then is compensated to measured signal, influence of the light intensity interference to demodulation result is eliminated, improves sensing
The stability of device.
Technical solution of the present invention:
A kind of fibre-optical sensing device with high stability for eliminating light intensity disturbance, the sensing device is as shown in Figure 1, packet
It includes: wideband light source, isolator, Optical Fiber Sensing Array, photodetector array, data collecting card and microcomputer；The width
Band light source is connected by isolator with Optical Fiber Sensing Array, the optical signals photodetector array that Optical Fiber Sensing Array exports into
Row detection carries out analog-to-digital conversion by output signal of the data collecting card to photodetector array later, recycles miniature calculating
Demodulating algorithm in machine carries out data processing to output signal.
The building form of the Optical Fiber Sensing Array is as shown in Figure 2: the port a of 2 × 2 coupler C0 is as Fibre Optical Sensor
The input terminal of array is connect with isolator, and the port c of 2 × 2 coupler C0 meets the input port wavelength division multiplexer M1, wavelength division multiplexer M1
Delivery outlet be connected that (the pickup arm array is made of n pickup arm, 2 × 2 coupler C0's with pickup arm array
The port c connects wavelength division multiplexer input port, and wavelength division multiplexer has N number of output port, N >=2n, wherein 2n wavelength division multiplexer
Output port is separately connected the end a/b of 2 × 1 coupler C1, C2 ... Cn, and the port c of each 2 × 1 coupler respectively connects a biography
Photosensitive fibre F1, F2 ... or Fn, the other end of each sensor fibre meet two fiber gratings B1, B2 ... or B2n-1, B2n,
The central wavelength of two fiber gratings B2n-1, B2n respectively with the connected wavelength-division multiplex in the port a/b of corresponding 2 × 1 coupler Cn
The wavelength of port is consistent, and piezoelectric ceramics a P1 ... or Pn are respectively tied on the optical fiber between two fiber gratings), 2 × 2 couplings
The port d of device C0 connect reference arm (reference arm is made of reference optical fiber F0, faraday rotation mirror L and piezoelectric ceramics P0,2
The port d of × 2 coupler C0 connects reference optical fiber F0, and the other end of reference optical fiber is connected with faraday rotation mirror L, reference light
A piezoelectric ceramics P0 is tied on fibre), pickup arm array signal is defeated in the interference of the port b of 2 × 2 coupler C0 with reference arm signal
Out.
The photodetector array is made of solution wavelength division multiplexer M2 and 2n photodetector D1, D2 ... D2n, such as
Shown in Fig. 3；The input port of the port the b connection solution wavelength division multiplexer M2 of 2 × 2 coupler C0.Solve wavelength division multiplexer M2 tool
There is N number of output port (N >=2n), wherein 2n output port respectively connects a photoelectric detector.
The sensor fibre is common single mode optical fiber, and measured signal is loaded on this optical fiber, and fiber lengths can basis
Specific requirements are adjusted.
The present invention gives simultaneously carries out the PGC demodulation method compensated based on reference using described device.
The demodulation method the following steps are included:
(1) the sinusoidal signal cos ω generated by signal generator is loaded on piezoelectric ceramics P00T is as carrier wave.In piezoelectricity
The sinusoidal signal of the constant amplitude generated by signal generator is loaded on ceramic P1-Pn as reference signal；
(2) through isolator, Optical Fiber Sensing Array is detected by photodetector array for wideband light source output, samples simultaneously modulus
The road 2n signal is exported after conversion；
(3) signal on each pickup arm is demodulated, obtains the measured signal on each pickup arm.
Described carries out following demodulation process to the signal on each pickup arm: by the road 2i signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave
cosω0T and 2 times of carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then after passing sequentially through low-pass filter filtering, differential multiplication cross, subtracting each other integral,
Obtain signal S2i,；The road 2i-1 signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave cos ω0T and 2 times of carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then pass sequentially through low pass
Filter filtering, differential multiplication cross after subtracting each other integral, obtain signal S2i-1；By signal S2iWith signal S2i-1It carries out subtracting each other fortune
It calculates, obtains signal Mi；Calculate signal MiUpper lower envelope, and to upper lower envelope carry out additive operation, obtain signal Ri；By signal
S2i-1With signal RiIt is divided by, obtains signal O using bandpass filteri, OiMeasured signal on as i-th of pickup arm, i take
Positive integer 1,2,3,4 ... n.
The number n for the pickup arm that the method is capable of measuring is by the output port of wavelength division multiplexer and solution wavelength division multiplexer
Quantity N limits (1≤n≤N/2), determines according to the usage requirement.
Influence of the sample frequency of the method to measurement accuracy is more obvious, and sample frequency is higher, and measurement accuracy is bigger.
It is fixed less than the flashing of reference signal frequency that the method can eliminate frequency, therefore the frequency of reference signal is answered
The setting it is high as far as possible.
In the method, the frequencies omega of measured signalsWith amplitude D and frequency of carrier signal ω0Relational expression should be metIt can make frequency spectrum that aliasing not occur in this way, measured signal could be demodulated correctly.
The advantages of the present invention
The invention proposes a kind of structures it is simple, at low cost and be easily achieved detection oscillation point signal waveform device and
Demodulation method.Based on light channel structure and demodulation method of the invention, vibrational waveform, and demodulation result can be accurately measured
It is relatively stable.By the way that modulation and sensing are separated, the sensing being applicable under various complex environments is made it easier to.In demodulating algorithm portion
Point, the method compensated using reference can eliminate the fixed caused demodulation distortion of flashing.And this system is conducive to Fibre Optical Sensor
Array realizes that multiple signals measure simultaneously and reduce use cost.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of fibre-optical sensing device of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Optical Fiber Sensing Array figure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is photodetector array figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is demodulating algorithm flow chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the demodulated signal figure (b) of traditional demodulation algorithm demodulated signal figure (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 1, wherein carrier wave
Frequency is 10000Hz, and sample frequency takes 500KHz, and measured signal frequency is 700Hz, and reference signal frequency 2000Hz does not draw
Enter light intensity disturbance.
Fig. 6 is the demodulated signal figure (b) of traditional demodulation algorithm demodulated signal figure (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 2, wherein carrier wave
Frequency is 10000Hz, and sample frequency takes 500KHz, and measured signal frequency is 700Hz, reference signal frequency 2000Hz, is introduced
The light intensity that frequency is 50Hz disturbs.
Fig. 7 is the demodulated signal figure (b) of traditional demodulation algorithm demodulated signal figure (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 3, wherein carrier wave
Frequency is 10000Hz, and sample frequency takes 500KHz, and measured signal frequency is 700Hz, reference signal frequency 2000Hz, is introduced
The light intensity that frequency is 100Hz disturbs.
Fig. 8 is the demodulated signal figure (b) of traditional demodulation algorithm demodulated signal figure (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 4, wherein carrier wave
Frequency is 10000Hz, and sample frequency takes 500KHz, and measured signal frequency is 500Hz, reference signal frequency 2000Hz, is introduced
The light intensity that frequency is 50Hz disturbs.
Fig. 9 is the demodulated signal figure (b) of traditional demodulation algorithm demodulated signal figure (a) and the embodiment of the present invention 5, wherein carrier wave
Frequency is 10000Hz, and sample frequency takes 500KHz, and measured signal frequency is 500Hz, reference signal frequency 2000Hz, is introduced
The light intensity that frequency is 100Hz disturbs.
In figure: 1 is wideband light source, and 2 be isolator, and 3 be Optical Fiber Sensing Array, and 4 be photodetector array, and 5 be data
Capture card, 6 be microcomputer, and C0 is 2 × 2 couplers, and C1, C2 ... Cn are 2 × 1 couplers, and M1 is wavelength division multiplexer, and M2 is
Wavelength division multiplexer is solved, F0 is reference optical fiber, and F1, F2 ... Fn are sensor fibre, and P0, P1 ... Pn are piezoelectric ceramics, B1, B2 ... B2n
For fiber grating, L is faraday rotation mirror.D1, D2 ... D2n are photodetector.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of fibre-optical sensing device with high stability for eliminating light intensity disturbance, the sensing device packet
It includes: wideband light source 1, isolator 2, Optical Fiber Sensing Array 3, photodetector array 4, data collecting card 5 and microcomputer 6；
Wideband light source is connected by isolator with Optical Fiber Sensing Array, the optical signals photodetector array of Optical Fiber Sensing Array output
It is detected, analog-to-digital conversion is carried out by output signal of the data collecting card to photodetector array later, then by miniature calculating
Machine carries out data processing to output signal using demodulating algorithm.
The building form of the Optical Fiber Sensing Array is as shown in Figure 2: the port a of 2 × 2 coupler C0 is as Fibre Optical Sensor
The input terminal of array is connect with isolator, the port d of 2 × 2 coupler C0 connect reference arm (reference arm by piezoelectric ceramics,
Reference optical fiber and faraday rotation mirror are constituted, the port d of 2 × 2 coupler C0 of termination of reference optical fiber, reference optical fiber it is another
Faraday rotator L is terminated, is tied with piezoelectric ceramics P0 on reference optical fiber F0), the port c of 2 × 2 coupler C0 connects wavelength division multiplexer
The input port of M1, the delivery outlet of wavelength division multiplexer is connected with pickup arm array, and (the pickup arm array is by n pickup arm group
At the port c of 2 × 2 coupler C0 connects wavelength division multiplexer input port, and wavelength division multiplexer has 2n output port, wavelength-division
The output port of multiplexer is separately connected the end a/b of n 2 × 1 couplers (C1, C2 ..., Cn), the c mouth of n 2 × 1 couplers
Each one sensor fibre of connection (F1, F2 ... or Fn), the other end of sensor fibre meets two fiber gratings B1, B2；…；Or
B2n-1, B2n, two fiber gratings B1, B2；... or the central wavelength of B2n-1, B2n respectively with the a/b of corresponding 2 × 1 coupler
The wavelength of the connected wavelength-division multiplex port in port is consistent, be tied on the optical fiber between two fiber gratings a piezoelectric ceramics (P1,
P2 ... or Pn)), interference exports in the port b of 2 × 2 coupler C0 for pickup arm array signal and reference arm signal.
The photodetector array is by solution wavelength division multiplexer M2 and 2n photodetector (D1, D2 ... or D2n) structure
At as shown in Figure 3；The input port of the port the b connection solution wavelength division multiplexer M2 of 2 × 2 coupler.Solve wavelength division multiplexer tool
There is 2n output port, the 2n output port respectively connects a photoelectric detector (D1, D2 ... or D2n).Each photoelectricity inspection
The detected value for surveying device is acquired by data collecting card 5, is output in microcomputer 6 and is handled using demodulating algorithm later, this
The demodulating algorithm of invention is the PGC demodulating algorithm compensated based on reference, and demodulating algorithm process is as shown in Figure 4.
The detailed process of demodulation method is: first on piezoelectric ceramics P0 load by the frequency that signal generator generates be
The sinusoidal signal cos ω of 10000Hz0T is as carrier wave；The amplitude generated by signal generator is loaded on piezoelectric ceramics P1-Pn
Constant frequency is the sinusoidal signal of 2000Hz as reference signal；Wideband light source output is through isolator, Optical Fiber Sensing Array, by
Photodetector array detection samples and exports the road 2n signal after analog-to-digital conversion；Signal on i-th of pickup arm is solved
It adjusts, obtains the measured signal on i-th of pickup arm, i takes positive integer 1,2,3,4 ... n.
The method demodulated to the signal on i-th of pickup arm is, by the road 2i signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave cos
ω0T and 2 times of carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then after passing sequentially through low-pass filter filtering, differential multiplication cross, subtracting each other integral, obtain
To signal S2i,；The road 2i-1 signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave cos ω0T and 2 times of carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then pass sequentially through low pass filtered
The filtering of wave device, differential multiplication cross after subtracting each other integral, obtain signal S2i-1；By signal S2iWith signal S2i-1Additive operation is carried out,
Obtain signal Mi；Calculate signal MiUpper lower envelope, and to upper lower envelope carry out additive operation, obtain signal Ri；By signal S2i-1
With signal RiIt is divided by, obtains signal O using bandpass filteri, OiMeasured signal on as i-th of pickup arm.
In the present embodiment, light source selects wideband light source, and power is chosen for 150mw.The carrier frequency that signal generator generates
It is chosen for 10000Hz, signal sampling frequencies are chosen for 500KHz in demodulator circuit, and it is 1 that measured signal, which is chosen for amplitude, and frequency is
The sine wave of 700Hz, reference signal frequency 2000Hz do not introduce light intensity disturbance.According to Fig. 5, it can be concluded that, traditional demodulation is calculated
Method and inventive algorithm can be such that measured signal correctly demodulates.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment specific structure is the same as embodiment 1, wherein light source selects wideband light source, and power is chosen for 150mw.Signal
The carrier frequency that generator generates is chosen for 10000Hz, and signal sampling frequencies are chosen for 500KHz, measured signal in demodulator circuit
Being chosen for amplitude is 1, and frequency is the sine wave of 700Hz, and reference signal frequency 2000Hz introduces the light intensity disturbance of 50Hz.Root
According to Fig. 6, it can be concluded that, traditional demodulation algorithm demodulation distortion, inventive algorithm can be such that measured signal correctly demodulates.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment specific structure is the same as embodiment 1, wherein light source selects wideband light source, and power is chosen for 150mw.Signal
The carrier frequency that generator generates is chosen for 10000Hz, and signal sampling frequencies are chosen for 500KHz, measured signal in demodulator circuit
Being chosen for amplitude is 1, and frequency is the sine wave of 700Hz, and reference signal frequency 2000Hz introduces the light intensity disturbance of 100Hz.Root
According to Fig. 7, it can be concluded that, traditional demodulation algorithm demodulation distortion, inventive algorithm can be such that measured signal correctly demodulates.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment specific structure is the same as embodiment 1, wherein light source selects wideband light source, and power is chosen for 150mw.Signal
The carrier frequency that generator generates is chosen for 10000Hz, and signal sampling frequencies are chosen for 500KHz, measured signal in demodulator circuit
Being chosen for amplitude is 1, and frequency is the sine wave of 500Hz, and reference signal frequency 2000Hz introduces the light intensity disturbance of 50Hz.Root
According to Fig. 8, it can be concluded that, traditional demodulation algorithm demodulation distortion, inventive algorithm can be such that measured signal correctly demodulates.
Embodiment 5:
The present embodiment specific structure is the same as embodiment 1, wherein light source selects wideband light source, and power is chosen for 150mw.Signal
The carrier frequency that generator generates is chosen for 10000Hz, and signal sampling frequencies are chosen for 500KHz, measured signal in demodulator circuit
Being chosen for amplitude is 1, and frequency is the sine wave of 500Hz, and reference signal frequency 2000Hz introduces the light intensity disturbance of 100Hz.Root
According to Fig. 9, it can be concluded that, traditional demodulation algorithm demodulation distortion, inventive algorithm can be such that measured signal correctly demodulates.
In above embodiments, the model SC-1550-50/50-0 of photo-coupler；The model CZ25437- of piezoelectric ceramics
0030-0012；The model KG-PIN-1G-A-FA of photodetector.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of fibre-optical sensing device with high stability for eliminating light intensity disturbance, it is characterised in that the fibre-optical sensing device packet
It includes: wideband light source, isolator, Optical Fiber Sensing Array, photodetector array, data collecting card and microcomputer；The width
Band light source is connected by isolator with Optical Fiber Sensing Array, the optical signals photodetector array that Optical Fiber Sensing Array exports into
Row detection carries out analog-to-digital conversion by output signal of the data collecting card to photodetector array later, recycles miniature calculating
Demodulating algorithm in machine carries out data processing to output signal；The Optical Fiber Sensing Array building form are as follows: 2 × 2 couplers
Input terminal of a port a of C0 as Optical Fiber Sensing Array, a port c of 2 × 2 coupler C0 by wavelength division multiplexer and
Pickup arm array is connected, and another port d of 2 × 2 coupler C0 is connect with reference arm, pickup arm array signal and reference arm
Signal interferes output in the port b of 2 × 2 coupler C0.
2. the apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the pickup arm array is made of n pickup arm, and described 2
The port c of × 2 coupler C0 connects wavelength division multiplexer input port, and wavelength division multiplexer has N number of output port, and N >=2n, wherein 2n is a
Output port is separately connected the end a/b of 2 × 1 coupler C1, C2 ... Cn, and the port c of each 2 × 1 coupler respectively connects a biography
Photosensitive fibre F1, F2 ... or Fn, the other end of each sensor fibre meet two fiber gratings B1, B2 ... or B2n-1, B2n,
The central wavelength of two fiber gratings B2n-1, B2n respectively with the connected wavelength-division multiplex in the port a/b of corresponding 2 × 1 coupler Cn
The wavelength of port is consistent；Piezoelectric ceramics a P1 ... or Pn are respectively tied on optical fiber between two fiber gratings.
3. the apparatus of claim 2, it is characterised in that the reference arm is by reference optical fiber and faraday rotation mirror
And piezoelectric ceramics P0 is constituted；The port d of 2 × 2 coupler C0 connects reference optical fiber, the other end of reference optical fiber and faraday
Revolving mirror is connected；A piezoelectric ceramics P0 is tied on reference optical fiber.
4. the apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the photodetector array by solution wavelength division multiplexer and
2n photodetector is constituted；The input port of the port the b connection solution wavelength division multiplexer of 2 × 2 coupler C0, solution wavelength-division are multiple
There is N number of output port with device, N >=2n, wherein 2n output port respectively connects a photodetector.
5. device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, it is characterised in that the sensor fibre is single mode optical fiber, light
Fine length is adjusted according to specific requirements.
6. carrying out the PGC demodulation method compensated based on reference using device as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that the solution
Tune method is: the sinusoidal signal cos ω generated by signal generator is loaded first on piezoelectric ceramics P00T is as carrier wave；It is pressing
The sinusoidal signal of the constant amplitude generated by signal generator is loaded on electroceramics P1-Pn as reference signal；Wideband light source is defeated
Out through isolator, Optical Fiber Sensing Array is detected by photodetector array, is sampled and is exported the road 2n signal after analog-to-digital conversion；It is right
Signal on each pickup arm is demodulated, and the measured signal on each pickup arm is obtained.
7. demodulation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the signal on each pickup arm solves
The method of tune is, by the road 2i signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave cos ω0T and 2 times of carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then pass sequentially through low pass filtered
The filtering of wave device, differential multiplication cross after subtracting each other integral, obtain signal S2i,；The road 2i-1 signal and fundamental frequency carrier wave cos ω0T and 2
Times carrier wave cos2 ω0T mixing, then after passing sequentially through low-pass filter filtering, differential multiplication cross, subtracting each other integral, obtain signal
S2i-1；By signal S2iWith signal S2i-1Additive operation is carried out, signal M is obtainedi；Calculate signal MiUpper lower envelope, and to upper and lower packet
Network carries out additive operation, obtains signal Ri；By signal S2i-1With signal RiIt is divided by, obtains signal O using bandpass filteri, Oi
Measured signal on as i-th of pickup arm, i take positive integer 1,2,3,4 ... n.
8. demodulation method according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the number n for the pickup arm being capable of measuring is by wavelength-division multiplex
The quantity N limitation of the output port of device and solution wavelength division multiplexer, 1≤n≤N/2 are determined according to the usage requirement.
9. demodulation method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the frequencies omega of measured signals, amplitude D and carrier wave letter
Number frequencies omega0Relational expression should be metMeasured signal could be demodulated correctly.
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| CN102928063A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 重庆大学 | Distributive optical fiber vibration sensing system based on wave division multiplex technology |
| CN103196540A (en) * | 2013-02-28 | 2013-07-10 | 山东大学 | Hydrophone system based on asymmetrical distribution feedback fiber laser array |
| CN103674080A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-03-26 | 复旦大学 | Optical fiber interference method and system aimed at weak signal detection |
| CN105356945A (en) * | 2015-12-10 | 2016-02-24 | 威海北洋电气集团股份有限公司 | Heterodyne optical fiber hydrophone system |
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