CN106643839A - 基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器 - Google Patents

基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器 Download PDF

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CN106643839A
CN106643839A CN201611117583.1A CN201611117583A CN106643839A CN 106643839 A CN106643839 A CN 106643839A CN 201611117583 A CN201611117583 A CN 201611117583A CN 106643839 A CN106643839 A CN 106643839A
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optical fiber
tin ball
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CN106643839B (zh
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彭伟
刘子耕
王芳
陈诗蒙
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Dalian University of Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01D5/00—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable
    • G01D5/26—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light
    • G01D5/32—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light
    • G01D5/34—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells
    • G01D5/353—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre
    • G01D5/35306—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement
    • G01D5/35309—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer
    • G01D5/35312—Mechanical means for transferring the output of a sensing member; Means for converting the output of a sensing member to another variable where the form or nature of the sensing member does not constrain the means for converting; Transducers not specially adapted for a specific variable characterised by optical transfer means, i.e. using infrared, visible, or ultraviolet light with attenuation or whole or partial obturation of beams of light the beams of light being detected by photocells influencing the transmission properties of an optical fibre using an interferometer arrangement using multiple waves interferometer using a Fabry Perot
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01P—MEASURING LINEAR OR ANGULAR SPEED, ACCELERATION, DECELERATION, OR SHOCK; INDICATING PRESENCE, ABSENCE, OR DIRECTION, OF MOVEMENT
    • G01P5/00—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft
    • G01P5/26—Measuring speed of fluids, e.g. of air stream; Measuring speed of bodies relative to fluids, e.g. of ship, of aircraft by measuring the direct influence of the streaming fluid on the properties of a detecting optical wave

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器，属于光纤传感领域。该风力传感器采用终端反射式传感结构，将光纤一端端面去涂覆层并切平，将光纤插入熔融状态的锡球中，固定光纤与锡球位置至锡球凝固，形成微型空气腔；在锡球两侧插入两根金属探针，作为电源连接点。本发明利用锡球与光纤形成的空气腔，作为法布里珀罗干涉腔，引起光的干涉效应；金属锡球作为传感头，利用电流热效应对风力进行测量，有效的增加了强风中测量的条件。本发明的风力传感器具有结构简单，成本低，小型化，强度高等特性。

Description

基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器
技术领域
本发明属于光纤传感技术领域，涉及一种基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风速传感器。
背景技术
传统风力传感器相对光纤风力传感器的传感头具有体积较大，结构复杂，不易在环境复杂、结构狭小的区域进行测量等缺点；传统风力传感器需要将传感区域垂直于风向放入测量环境中，传感区域放置的方向很大程度影响了测量结果的准确性；传统风力传感器的风扇结构在遇到强风状态时，由于结构缺陷，极易损坏，光纤风力传感器传感头结构紧凑，具有抵御强风状态的能力。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种基于反射式光纤光纤法布里珀罗干涉风速传感器，利用光纤与锡球之间产生的空气腔作为法布里珀罗腔产生法布里珀罗干涉；采用直流电源对锡球进行加热，利用风力对锡球温度的影响进行风力传感；采用温度测量风力，避免了传感头摆放方向对测量结果准确性的影响；利用光纤结构进行测量，有效的减小了传感头的体积；采用光纤反射式传感结构，可以将探头放入小于5mm*5mm的探测区域，探测范围更为广泛。
本发明的技术方案：
基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器，该风力传感器采用终端反射式传感结构，将光纤一端端面去涂覆层并切平，将光纤插入熔融状态的锡球中，固定光纤与锡球位置至锡球凝固，形成微型空气腔；在锡球两侧插入两根金属探针，作为电源连接点。
所述的光纤为单模光纤，纤芯直径8-10μm；
所述的锡球的直径为3-5mm，锡球中心空气腔腔长为10-100μm。
该发明采用一分二光纤分路器对信号进行耦合与传输。光纤宽带光源从光纤分路器一端进入反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器。一部分光投射出光纤表面，通过法布里珀罗空气腔，在锡球内表面发生反射；另一部分光在光纤表面发生反射，两部分光在反射过程中发生干涉，干涉后的光信号经过光纤分路器另一端传输进光纤光谱仪进行信号解调。
本发明的有益效果：本发明利用锡球与光纤形成的空气腔，作为法布里珀罗干涉腔，引起光的干涉效应；金属锡球作为传感头，利用电流热效应对风力进行测量，有效的增加了强风中测量的条件。本发明的风力传感器具有结构简单，成本低，小型化，强度高等特性。
附图说明
图1是一种基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器结构示意图。
图中：1单模光纤；2锡球；3空气腔；4金属探针。
具体实施方式
以下结合技术方案和附图详细叙述本发明的具体实施方式。
本发明采用单模光纤光纤，光纤各项数据分别为：纤芯直径9μm，包层直径125μm，涂覆层直径250μm。
本发明的制作过程如下：
1)取上述单模光纤100mm,将光纤一端利用光纤钳剥去涂覆层10mm，利用光纤切割刀将去涂覆层一端端面切平，留2mm无涂覆层光纤。
2)取一段锡条，利用电烙铁进行融化制作成锡球，锡球直径约为4mm。
3)利用电烙铁将上述锡球一侧融化，迅速将上述光纤端面切平一侧插入，深度约为2mm，固定直至锡球凝固，凝固后光纤端面与锡球形成空气腔。
4)利用电烙铁将上述锡球另两侧融化，别插入两根金属探针，深度约为2mm，固定直至锡球凝固。

Claims (3)

1.一种基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器，其特征在于，该风力传感器采用终端反射式传感结构，将光纤一端端面去涂覆层并切平，将光纤插入熔融状态的锡球中，固定光纤与锡球位置至锡球凝固，形成微型空气腔；在锡球两侧插入两根金属探针，作为电源连接点。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器，其特征在于，所述的光纤为单模光纤，纤芯直径8-10μm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的基于反射式光纤法布里珀罗干涉的风力传感器，其特征在于，所述的锡球的直径为3-5mm，锡球中心空气腔腔长为10-100μm。
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