CN106641477B - 一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材 - Google Patents

一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材 Download PDF

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CN106641477B
CN106641477B CN201611106462.7A CN201611106462A CN106641477B CN 106641477 B CN106641477 B CN 106641477B CN 201611106462 A CN201611106462 A CN 201611106462A CN 106641477 B CN106641477 B CN 106641477B
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CN106641477A (zh
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刘惠峰
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Hangzhou Taicheng Pipe Industry Co., Ltd.
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，包括防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层，所述防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层由内向外分布，所述防腐内层的材质为氟塑料，厚度为0.5‑1.5mm，所述纤维复合层为纤维复合塑料，厚度不小于2mm。本发明结构简单，材料组合独特，综合性能佳。防腐内层可保证内部物料不腐蚀纤维复合层和保护外层，纤维复合层具有高韧性，强抗弯折、冲击性和优异的耐疲劳性能，保护外层具备优良的机械性能，可很好地保护内部，适合在各种极端场合，比如物料循环、管材抖动时使用，具有较长的使用寿命。

Description

一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材
技术领域
本发明属于材料领域，尤其是一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材。
背景技术
塑料管道应用广泛，场合多样，而且性能上有很多类似之处，其基本要求是较好的强度和使用稳定性。在不同场合中，还要求其具有优异的抗弯折、抗疲劳、耐高温、耐低温、防腐蚀性能等。
为了增强塑料管材的使用性能，使用新工艺，加入新组分，形成复合结构，是较为优化的设计。目前基本采用熔融挤出，或者多层铺展熔融或胶粘的办法制作管材。对于市场上抗冲击、抗弯折等功能的多种管材而言，其往往是偏向了瞬时或短期的效果，而未必会对管材的长期耐用性或者不断受到循环及疲劳应力冲击后的表现作出有效的评估。因此，在管材的机械性能评估中，耐疲劳是一项较为容易忽视，却非常重要的指标。
目前市场上的管材不太注重耐疲劳性能，长期使用易导致开裂、形变等问题，大大影响了其使用寿命。因此，加入一些特殊的材料或采用一些新工艺，增强管材的耐疲劳性能和使用寿命，是极其有意义和必要的。
发明内容
为了增强塑料管材的耐疲劳性能，同时保证管材的其他机械性能，提升管材的使用寿命，本发明提供一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，以解决上述存在的问题。
一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，包括防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层，所述防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层由内向外分布，所述防腐内层的材质为氟塑料，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，所述纤维复合层为纤维复合塑料，厚度不小于2mm。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层的纤维复合塑料中包括基材聚氯乙烯树脂和聚甲醛树脂、复合纤维和交联剂。聚氯乙烯树脂具有防腐蚀和阻燃性，聚甲醛树脂具有优异的热强度、抗弯强度、耐磨性和抗疲劳强度，两种树脂作为基材，具有很好的性能，复合纤维和交联剂的加入更增强了其综合性能。
进一步地，所述复合纤维包括碳纤维、竹纤维和油棕纤维。碳纤维具有优异的综合性能，是目前复合材料的热门掺杂纤维之一，而竹纤维和油棕纤维作为天然植物纤维，具有强的增韧性能。
作为优选，所述保护外层的材质为玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯塑料。玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯塑料是一种成熟的、广泛使用的增强复合塑料材料，其作为外层可承受外界大部分直接应力冲击。
作为优选，所述防腐内层和纤维复合层、纤维复合层和保护外层之间还具有胶黏剂或交联剂。如果各层基底材料相差不大，可采用熔合，而对于层数较多或各层之间基底材料差异较大的情形，采用胶黏剂或交联剂，这是一种通用、低成本并且高效的方法。
一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，其纤维复合成包含以下重量份的组分：
聚氯乙烯树脂 35-50份
聚甲醛树脂 15-20份
碳纤维 5-8份
竹纤维 1-2份
油棕纤维 0.5-1份
聚酰胺蜡 3-5份
马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯蜡 6-8份
交联剂 2-3份
稳定剂 2-3份
作为优选，所述纤维复合层中的聚氯乙烯树脂的规格为SG-3或SG-4级。SG-3或SG-4级的聚氯乙烯是最合适的塑料管材基材规格，其机械强度和化学性能优异。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层中的聚甲醛为均聚甲醛。均聚甲醛相对共聚甲醛，结晶度更高，抗弯、抗冲击、抗疲劳等机械性能优于共聚甲醛。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层中碳纤维纤维直径5-10µm，纤维长度为100-200µm，竹纤维和油棕纤维的纤维直径为40-80µm。纤维长度和直径尽量取同类纤维中的较小值，以减轻制造时的注塑和挤出性能，从而发挥纤维掺杂的优势。
本发明的有益效果在于：本发明的具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，结构简单，材料组合独特，综合性能佳。防腐内层可保证内部物料不腐蚀纤维复合层和保护外层，纤维复合层具有高韧性，强抗弯折、冲击性和优异的耐疲劳性能，保护外层具备优良的机械性能，可很好地保护内部，适合在各种极端场合，比如物料循环、管材抖动时使用，具有较长的使用寿命。
附图说明
图1是本发明实施例的剖面结构示意图。
1-防腐内层，2-纤维复合层，3-保护外层。
具体实施方式
一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，包括防腐内层1、纤维复合层2、保护外层3，所述防腐内层1、纤维复合层2、保护外层3由内向外分布，所述防腐内层的材质为氟塑料，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，所述纤维复合层2为纤维复合塑料，厚度不小于2mm。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层2的纤维复合塑料中包括基材聚氯乙烯树脂和聚甲醛树脂、复合纤维和交联剂。聚氯乙烯树脂具有防腐蚀和阻燃性，聚甲醛树脂具有优异的热强度、抗弯强度、耐磨性和抗疲劳强度，两种树脂作为基材，具有很好的性能，复合纤维和交联剂的加入更增强了其综合性能。
进一步地，所述复合纤维包括碳纤维、竹纤维和油棕纤维。碳纤维具有优异的综合性能，是目前复合材料的热门掺杂纤维之一，而竹纤维和油棕纤维作为天然植物纤维，具有强的增韧性能。
作为优选，所述保护外层3的材质为玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯塑料。玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯塑料是一种成熟的、广泛使用的增强复合塑料材料，其作为外层可承受外界大部分直接应力冲击。
作为优选，所述防腐内层1和纤维复合层2、纤维复合层2和保护外层3之间还具有胶黏剂或交联剂。如果各层基底材料相差不大，可采用熔合，而对于层数较多或各层之间基底材料差异较大的情形，采用胶黏剂或交联剂，这是一种通用、低成本并且高效的方法。
本发明实施例的纤维复合层2包含以下重量份的组分：
聚氯乙烯树脂 35-50份
聚甲醛树脂 15-20份
碳纤维 5-8份
竹纤维 1-2份
油棕纤维 0.5-1份
聚酰胺蜡 3-5份
马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯蜡 6-8份
交联剂 2-3份
稳定剂 2-3份
作为优选，所述纤维复合层2中的聚氯乙烯树脂的规格为SG-3或SG-4级。SG-3或SG-4级的聚氯乙烯是最合适的塑料管材基材规格，其机械强度和化学性能优异。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层2中的聚甲醛为均聚甲醛。均聚甲醛相对共聚甲醛，结晶度更高，抗弯、抗冲击、抗疲劳等机械性能优于共聚甲醛。
作为优选，所述纤维复合层2中碳纤维纤维直径5-10µm，纤维长度为100-200µm，竹纤维和油棕纤维的纤维直径为40-80µm。纤维长度和直径尽量取同类纤维中的较小值，以减轻制造时的注塑和挤出性能，从而发挥纤维掺杂的优势。
该具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，结构简单，材料组合独特，综合性能佳。防腐内层可保证内部物料不腐蚀纤维复合层和保护外层，纤维复合层具有高韧性，强抗弯折、冲击性和优异的耐疲劳性能，保护外层具备优良的机械性能，可很好地保护内部，适合在各种极端场合，比如物料循环、管材抖动时使用，具有较长的使用寿命。
以上实施例仅用以说明本发明的优选技术方案，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员而言，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，所做出的若干改进或等同替换，均视为本发明的保护范围，仍应涵盖在本发明的权利要求范围中。

Claims (4)

1.一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，其特征在于，包括防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层，所述防腐内层、纤维复合层、保护外层由内向外分布，所述防腐内层的材质为氟塑料，厚度为0.5-1.5mm，所述纤维复合层为纤维复合塑料，厚度不小于2mm；所述纤维复合层的纤维复合塑料中包括基材聚氯乙烯树脂和聚甲醛树脂、复合纤维和交联剂；所述复合纤维包括碳纤维、竹纤维和油棕纤维；所述保护外层的材质为玻璃纤维增强聚丙烯塑料；所述防腐内层和纤维复合层、纤维复合层和保护外层之间还具有胶黏剂或交联剂；所述纤维复合层包含以下重量份的组分：
聚氯乙烯树脂 35-50份
聚甲醛树脂 15-20份
碳纤维 5-8份
竹纤维 1-2份
油棕纤维 0.5-1份
聚酰胺蜡 3-5份
马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯蜡 6-8份
交联剂 2-3份
稳定剂 2-3份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，其特征在于，所述纤维复合层中的聚氯乙烯树脂的规格为SG-3或SG-4级。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，其特征在于，所述纤维复合层中的聚甲醛为均聚甲醛。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种具有纤维复合层的耐疲劳管材，其特征在于，所述纤维复合层中碳纤维纤维直径5-10µm，纤维长度为100-200µm，竹纤维和油棕纤维的纤维直径为40-80µm。
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